UNIT 1

READING COMPREHENSION - 1

Read the following poem and answer the questions that follow:

WHILE AT THE ZOO

Be careful what
You say or do
When you visit the animals
At the zoo.

Don’t make fun

Of the camel’s hump
He’s very proud
Oh his noble bump.

Don’t laugh too much

At the Chimpanzee
He thinks he’s as wise
As you or me.

And the penguins

Strutting round the lake
Can understand
Remarks you make.

Treat them as well

As they do you.
And you’ll always be welcome
At the Zoo.

Q 1. Write the option you consider the most appropriate.

1.The poet’s advise in the first stanza is

a)visit the zoo to see animals

b)don’t say or do anything in the zoo
c)take care not to offend zoo animals
d)take care of animals
Q2.The camel does not like
a)his hump
b)being laughed at
making fun
d)being proud and noble

Q3.”As you or me” (line12).Who are “you“ and “me” here?

a)chimpanzee and the reader
b)chimpanzee and the poet
c)the reader and the poet
d)the poet and a visitor to the zoo

Q4.The line that means “Animals treat human beings well” is

a)line 12
b)line 18
c)line 2
d)line 17

Q5.The word “strutting” means

a)walking in a stiff and proud manner
b)walking in an ashamed manner
c)swim in water
d)jump into water

Q2.Answer the questions briefly:

a)What can make the camel feel upset?

b)In what way is the chimpanzee similar to us, according to the poem?
c)What can offend the penguins, according to the poet?
d)What message does the poem give us?
e)What is the rhyme scheme of the poem?
 READING COMPREHENSION – 2

According to a few historians, the earliest known candy dates back to 15 th century Italy, where
sculptures were made from spun sugar. This way done by melting sugar and spinning thin
strands using forks. Spun- sugar sculptures were popular among the noble classes in the 17 th
and 18th Centuries. The technique behind the production of spun-sugar was tricky and labour-
intensive, and hence it was reserved only for the special occasions.
The invention of modern-day cotton candy (also known as candy floss) is attribute to American
dentist William Morrison. He invented and patented the electric candy machine and created
cotton candy with the help of confectioner John C. Wharton. This candy machine gained
popularity at the St.Louis World’s Fair, Missouri, the U.S. ,in 1904, where Morrison and
Wharton sold over 68,600 cotton candy servings packed in wooden boxes and marketed it as
“fairy floss”.
The chemical composition of sugar allows the candy to gain the airy, cloud-like form. The candy
machine melts the sugar and reduces it to syrup. This syrup spins in the machine with strong
force and is cooled rapidly. This doesn’t give the sugar molecules enough time to crystallise,
resulting in the formation of thin and long strands. The colours and flavours of one’s choice can
be added while the sugar spins in the machine.
The structure of cotton candy and its shelf life depends on the humidity. Moisture in the air can
make the cotton candy to clump into a dense ball. It is therefore better to enjoy the cotton
candy right after it is made. In order to store the candy, plastic packaging is often used to
prevent exposure to moisture.

Q1.On the basis of reading of the passage, complete the following statements by filling in
each blank with not more than four words.

a)The earliest cotton candies date back to _______________________

b)Spun sugar sculptures were popular among the _____________in the 17th and 18th centuries.

c)Spun-sugar candies were reserved for special occasions because the techniques used in
making them were____________ and_______________.

d)Modern day candy was invented by________________, an American dentist with the help of
________________, a confectioner.

e)Over 68,600 cotton candies were sold at the_______________, Missouri, U.S., IN 1904.

f)Sugar candies get their airy, cloud like form thanks to the_____________.
g)Sugar molecules do not get enough time to crystallise in a sugar candy machine because the
sugar syrup being spun in the machine is________________.

h)A sugar candy is best enjoyed as soon as it is made because moisture in the air can make the
cotton candy to turn into a______________.

i)Sugar candies are often wrapped in plastic sheets to prevent_____________

Q2.Find words/phrases in the passage that mean the same as the following:
a) thin threads of something (para 1)
b) length of time for which an item remains usable or fit for consumption (para 4)

Q3.Find words from the passage that almost mean the opposite of the following:
a) easy and simple (para 1)
b) slowly (para 3)

WRITING SKILLS GUIDELINES

TOPIC: MESSAGE WRITING

Messages are short notes; usually to family members, friends or people we meet on a regular
basis. Often, these are jotted down after a telephonic conversation between two people for a
third person.

i. Use brief salutation (only name)

ii. Mention time and date of message received.
iii. Clearly mention names (from, to).
iv. Do not add anything of your own.
v. Use indirect speech.
vi. The message should give out complete information.
vii. Stay within word limit.( 50 words)

MESSAGE (In capitals)

Date Time
Leave a line
Salutation
Message (Content)

Name
 MESSAGE
12 February 2021 10:45
a.m.

Father
Mr. Sharma called up to inform you that your car has been repaired and that you have to pick it
up from the service centre in Rohini. I am leaving for the sports coaching. See you at dinner.
Mehul

Writing Tasks:

 Read the following conversation carefully:

Rosy : Hello ! Is it 9035022565?
Rehana : Yes, please. Who’s this?
Rosy : I’m Rosy, a friend of Roma. May I speak to her?
Rehana : Oh! Sorry. Actually she has forgotten her mobile here. She has gone to the
market. Can
I help you?
Rosy : Oh, sure! In fact, I wanted to convey to her that today’s music classes will be
suspended
because the teacher is not well. Instead it will be held on Sunday. So she should
remember it. Could you please pass this message to her?
Rehana : Oh! Sure. Thank you.
Rosy : Thank you too.
As Rehana is going to her dance classes she needs to reproduce the message for
Roma. Write the message on her behalf with every detail.

 Rakesh had the following conversation with Mohit, a friend of his elder brother:
Mohit : Hello! Is it 23967509?
Rakesh : Yes, that’s right!
Mohit : May I talk to Rahul, please? I am his friend.
Rakesh : Oh! Sorry. In fact Rahul isn’t at home. He will be back in an hour. By the way, I
am his
 elder brother. Can I do something for you?
Mohit : Oh. Sure. In fact I have a message for Rahul. Could you please convey it to him?
Rakesh : Sure, with pleasure. Tell me, what is the message?
Mohit : We have planned to go for a movie at PVR, Saket in the evening. We have
booked the
tickets in advance. So please ask Rahul to join us at 5p.m. at the PVR.
Rakesh : OK, I’ll inform him as soon as he comes back.

As Rakesh had to leave for his coaching classes, he left this message for Rahul. Write
the message on his behalf in not more than 50 words. Put the message in a box.

 You are Rajni. You have invited your friend Saroj to dinner tomorrow. But you have to
leave for Hyderabad at once with your brother. Saroj doesn’t have a telephone at her
house. Write a message to her expressing your regret in not more than 50 words. Put
the message in a box.

 It is your English examination after two days, but you have forgotten your English
notebook with your friend. Write a message for your friend in not more than 50 words
asking him to send the notebook through his servant. You need the notebook
immediately as you have to prepare for the examination and all the important work is
there in it.

 Rohan and Rahul work in the same company. Once when Rahul had gone for lunch to
the company’s Café, Rohan picked up his cell phone which had been ringing on his desk.
The call was from his brother about his dad who had to be rushed to a nearby hospital
after he fell off a steep staircase. He asked you to inform Rahul and ask him to reach the
hospital as soon as possible. He must also arrange blood donors with B+ve blood group.
Since he has to leave for an urgent meeting, Rohan left a message for Rahul. Write this
message.

 Imagine you are the secretary of the Environment Club of your school. Write a notice in
50 words informing the school students about the ‘Tree Plantation Drive’ which your
club wishes to organize in the school premises in connection with the Environment
Week Celebrations. Add all the necessary details and put the notice in a box.

 Read the following conversation between a student and the parent of her classmate
and write a message in 50 words.

Student: Hello! Is that Mukta’s house?

Father: I am her father.
Student: Good afternoon uncle! I am her classmate Deepti. I wanted to speak to her.
Father: She is not at home Deepti.
 Student: Please tell her that the class teacher wants us to stay back after school for an
hour.
Father: Ok! I will pass the message to her.
Student: Thank you! Bye uncle!

TOPIC: DIARY ENTRY

FORMAT

Day, Date Time

Content (content should include the facts along with the writer’s feelings)
Remember
A Diary Entry is a short composition, a record of the writer’s personal feelings, thoughts or
activities during the course of a particular day. It is a sketch of facts and the stress should be on
feelings.

SAMPLE DIARY ENTRY

Monday, 15 July 2021

9 p.m.

Today was a stressful day for me. Before going to school, my father told me that he expects me
to score 95% in the exams. This created a tension in my mind as in the previous exam I had got
only 80%. My mother told me that she wanted me to participate in the competitive exams. It
would be the first time I would be participating in these exams. My brother told me that he
wanted me to play in the State Hockey Tournament. I wanted to make my brother proud as
when he was my age he had won the same tournament. I am finding all these expectations
extremely difficult to meet. I shall be doing my best but the result is not in my hands. I am sure
that God will bless and help me to give my best!

Writing Tasks:

ou have been selected for a dance competition at the state level. Write a diary entry
expressing your views about the same.

[1)] You are a fan of cricket stars. You have got a chance through a competition organised by
an advertisement of Pepsi drink to meet your favourite cricketer. Write an interesting
description of your meeting, mentioning what you talked about and did during that
meeting. Write a diary entry about the same.

1)[2)] You meet a ten year old child at a traffic signal. He is begging for food and money. You
feel upset about children who are poor, homeless and illiterate. Record your feelings in
a diary entry.

2)[3)] You thought that you had answered your English paper well, but your teacher has
given you poor marks. You are very upset. Write a diary entry expressing your feelings.

3)[4)] It was the happiest day of your life when your class teacher informed you that you
have been selected as the ‘Best Student of the Year’. You are thrilled as now you will
 receive the award at the Annual Day Celebrations. Make a diary entry recording your
feelings in it.

4) You have come to know that your best friend is spreading false rumours about you.
Since you are very upset, write a diary entry expressing your feelings.

You were eager to participate in the dance competition and you practised for it. Unfortunately,
you fell down the stairs and hurt your leg badly. Write a diary entry expressing your feelings.

MIXED BAG -– 1 (GRAMMAR & LITERATURE)

I. Rearrange these words to make meaningful sentences.

1. ship/ violently/ the /storm/ rocked/ the

______________________________________________________________________________
_______

2. masterpiece /artist /painstakingly/the /his /worked /at

______________________________________________________________________________
_______

3. gift /free /a /Dad /offered /firm /by /the /was.

______________________________________________________________________________
_______

4. I /read /paper /in /the /burglar /been /caught /had /the /that.

______________________________________________________________________________
_______

5. nightfall /began /cricketers /the /at /their /piercing /calls.

______________________________________________________________________________
_______

6. wore /a /hat /he /of /coconut /made /fiber /his /on /head.
______________________________________________________________________________
_______

7. parts /many /coffee /popular /in /world /the /is /very /of.

______________________________________________________________________________
_______

8. cave /could /explore /not /they /torch /the /without /a.

______________________________________________________________________________
_______

9. the /storm /shed /damaged /the /was /during.

______________________________________________________________________________
_______

10. the /dog /James /talking /sat /next /to /himself /to.

______________________________________________________________________________
_______

II. Point out the nouns in the following sentences and say whether they are common,
proper, collective, material or abstract.
1. Always speak the truth. ____________________________
2. We all love honesty. _____________________________
3. I have two children. _____________________________
4. The lion is the king of the beasts. _____________________________
5. Solomon was the wisest of all kings. _____________________________
6. Cleanliness is next to godliness. ____________________________
7. Birds of a feather flock together. ____________________________
8. Who teaches you grammar? ___________________________
9. The Nile is the longest of all rivers. ___________________________
 10. A committee of six was appointed to assess the situation. _____________
11. Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India. ________________
12. The boy was rewarded for his honesty. _____________________________
13. He gave me an apple. _____________________________
14. I recognized his voice at once. _____________________________
15. You should never tell a lie. _____________________________
16. Wisdom is better than riches. ____________________________
17. He is on the jury. ____________________________
18. Silver and gold are precious metals. ____________________________
19. Still waters run deep. ____________________________
20. The cackling of geese saved Rome. ___________________________

III. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with suitable collective nouns:

(goodness, bunch, iron, chain, queen, school, hive, set, wood, horse, paper )

1. I have lost a.......................... of keys.

2. There seems to be a plan behind this...................... of events.

3. There is a large......................... of fish near the coast.

4. Do not disturb that....................... of bees.

5. There is a fine........................ of pictures in the palace.

IV. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with suitable collective nouns:

1. A ……………………………………. of locusts attacked a ………………………………….. of cattle.

2. A ……………………………………….. of birds is always a beautiful sight.

3. They welcomed the chief guest with a …………………………………. of flowers.

4. As we drove down the country side, we saw a ……………………………………………. of sheep grazing.

5. The …………………………………..of thieves has been arrested by the police.

6. There we saw a man carrying a ……………………………………….. of clothes on his head.

7. A …………………………………………. of musicians was hired to perform at the party.

8. My friend has a fine …………………………………….. of old stamps.

V. Select correct abstract nouns from following sentences:

1. Adoration cheers up common people and helps to go ahead.

2. Apprehension is not good for health.

3. There should be clarity to avoid any misunderstanding.

4. Anger makes people stressed and fatigue.

5. My mom's weakness is the reason of anxiety for me.

6. Excitement and interest are very necessary things to complete any work.

7. Irregular daily routine brings disappointment to me.

8. True friendship is an effective tool to go ahead in positive way.

9. I hate bad and lazy people as they never want to work.

10. Happiness comes to our heart and soul when we help someone needy.

11. I love my parents and grandparents as they care for me a lot.

12. Helping others is the real joy of life.

13. Today, I can understand helplessness as no one is there for me.

14. Lots of pain makes us a real human being.

VI. Fill in the blanks with suitable helping verbs:

1. That man _____________ a policeman.

2. I _____________ very happy to meet you.

 3. My mother ____________ sick yesterday.

4. The children _______________ playing in the park yesterday.

5. My father and brother _____________ similar shirts.

6. My dog ___________ a new kennel.

VII. Fill in the correct form of the verbs given in the brackets:-

1. I _____________ (go) to school every day. ( Fill in simple present tense)

2. It ______________ (rain) heavily in the hills. ( Fill in simple present tense)

3. They __________________(buy) furniture for their new flat. ( Fill in present continuous

tense)

4. I _________________ (look) up the meaning of a word in the dictionary. ( Fill in present

continuous tense)

5. They ______________ (go) to Mumbai yesterday. ( Fill in simple past tense)

6. The school _________________ (close) for the summer vacation last week. ( Fill in

simple past tense)

7. Manish ________________ (fly) a kite with her father yesterday. ( Fill in past continuous

tense)

8. It _____________________ (rain) hard when I left home. ( Fill in past continuous tense)

9. We ____________________ (go) to the fair tomorrow. ( Fill in simple future tense)

10. They ______________ (return) next week. ( Fill in simple future tense)

11. The sun _____________ (rise) in the east. ( Fill in simple present tense)

12. The hare _______________ (run) fast. ( Fill in simple present tense)
 13. They ________________________ (fight) with each other. ( Fill in present continuous

tense)

VIII. Fill in the blanks with correct form of the words given in the brackets:

1) William________(introduce) Margaret and her sister to uncle Dot and

_______(show)him Margaret’s drawing. Uncle Dot______(study)the drawing and
_____(say)’Well Done!’. Eventually Margaret _____(smile)and _________(express)her
gratitude.

2) When I ______(reach) Maya’s house, she ______(leave) already. Though I ______ (reach)
there at the appointed time, yet she ______(leave). Thus I ______ (come) back disappointed.

3) Yesterday I _____ (try) to take notes while the teacher ______ (explain) a topic in the class.
Since she _______(not speak) loudly, it ______ (be) difficult to hear what she was saying.

4) The roof of the hall of a school building _______ (fall) down in heavy rains yesterday night.
Five persons _______ (die) on the spot. The building_______ (be) under construction.
According to the neighbours about fifteen persons ______ (sleep) in the hall. Most of the
victims _____ (be) labour class.

5) Rajesh ______ (sit) in the train at this time tomorrow. We _____ (go) to see him off. He
______ (stay) with us for almost a month. He ________ (promise) that he _______ (visit) us
again next year.

6) I ______ (look) forward to go to England, next year. I _______ (plan) to stay there for a few
years. I _______ (come) back and ______ (serve) my country.
7) Ram ______ (invite) his friend Shyam on his birthday. When Shyam_______ (reach) his
house, his classmates ______ (come) already. Ram ________ (introduce) Shyam to everyone
and then_______ (serve) snacks to them. After he ______ (cut) the cake, they_______ (dance)
as they ________ (decide).

8) Yesterday I ______ (see) a speeding car hit a scooterist who ______ (fall) unconscious. The
poor fellow ______ (bleed) profusely before the people _______ (take) him to the hospital. The
man ________ (struggle) for his life but _____ (breathe) his last after an hour.

9) Last Sunday when I _______ (return) home late at night, I was shocked to find my house
unlocked. Someone ________ (break) into my house in my absence. All the boxes ______ (be)
opened. I ______ (check) my locker in which I ______ (put) my money but it ______ (vanish).
I ______ (report) the matter to the police.

LITERATURE

QI. Reference to context:

A). “When she invites they come slowly. They think she is the oldest woman in the world.”

i. Who are ‘she’ and ‘they’ in the given lines?

ii. Why did they want to visit her?
iii. Why did they go inside slowly? How was their experience thereafter?

B). “Mine were old and blunted through use. But they had experience.”

i. Who is the speaker in the given lines and what is referred to as old?
ii. Whose experience is being referred to and what is it about?
iii. What was the situation due to which the speaker talks like this?

C). “He thinks they’re wings’

To let him roam
Away from home,
Breaking all bonds.”
 i. Who is the writer of the given lines? Who is referred to as ‘he’?
ii. What according to him are the wings?
iii. Where does he want to go and which bonds have to be broken?
iv. Find an example of a poetic/literary device from the given lines.
A]. “The old favourite with new shoes, the newcomer with old ones.”
B). “She orders five bushels of seeds….”
i. Which seeds were ordered and by whom?
ii. What was done with the seeds?
iii. How did people react to this person?

QII. Answer the following questions briefly (40 to 50 words):

i. ‘I tried to shake off my feeling of certain disaster’ what is the narrator

referring to here?
ii. How did Miss Rumphius show her hospitality to the children of her
neighbourhood?
iii. What is the message in the poem ‘Palm Tree’?

QIII. Answer the following questions in 80 words:

Q1. What did Miss Rumphius do to make the world more beautiful? Do you think each and
every
individual is responsible to make the world more beautiful? Why/why not? What would
you do to
make the world more beautiful?
Q2.List any two values that you learnt from the character of Miss Rumphius
Q3. Do you agree with the statement, “Every cloud has its silver lining?” Describe any situation
or
incident from your own experience to elucidate the above mentioned statement.
Q4. Winning and losing are two sides of the same coin. Explain how playing a game is more
important
than winning or losing.
Q5. List any two values that you learnt after reading the lesson-‘Suvira’.
Q6. What is the theme of the poem, ‘Palm Tree’?
Q7. Do you wish to explore other places just like the palm tree? Do you feel that life in another
city or
country would be better? Whenever you go out of town, do you like returning home?
Q8. List any two values that you learnt from the poem, ‘Palm Tree’.
 VOCABULARY ENHANCEMENT

SYNONYMS
A synonym is a word having the same meaning as the word, which is mentioned.
Here is a list of synonyms:

Word Synonym Word Synonym

Abandon Leave Haste Hurry
Abrupt Sudden Haughty Arrogant
Accommodation Room Hollow Empty
Accurate Correct Humane Kind
Accuse Charge Indolent Lazy
Admire Praise Injure Hurt
Brief Short Insult Mock
Brutal Cruel Intention Purpose
Calm Peaceful Interior Inside
Capable Skilful Interrupt Stop
Cautious Careful Join Unite
Cease Stop Jovial Joyous
Celebrated Famous Kidnap Abduct
 Centre Middle Kind Generous
Debate Argue Latent Hidden
Deceive Cheat Lazy Inactive
Deficiency Shortage Leave Desert
Determination Firmness Lofty High
Direct Straight Maximum Most
Discover Find Minimum Least
Edible Eatable Minute Small
Eminent Famous Motionless Still
End Finish Mute Silent
Enough Plenty Mysterious Unknown
Enormous Huge Necessity Need
Enquire Ask Obstinate Stubborn
Excuse Pardon Odour Smell
Exhibit Show Ordinary Common
Exile Banish Ovation Applause
Foolish Stupid Persuade Coax
Frail Weak Prohibit Forbid
Glad Happy Prompt Quick
Govern Rule Punctual Timely
Grave Serious Recollect Remember
Grief Sorrow Regret Sorrow
Happiness Delight Reluctant Unwilling
Reply Answer Task Work
Resentment Anger Tidy Clean
Reveal Show Tremble Shake
Scent Smell Trivial Petty
Significant Important Vacant Empty
Slender Slim Vanish Disappear
Solitude Loneliness Vast Big
Stationary Still Virtuous Upright
Solitude Loneliness Wealthy Rich
Specialist Expert Weary Tired
Sufficient Enough Youthful Young

EXERCISES

I. Give the synonyms of the following words:

Edible Odour Cautions Prompt

Still Drowsy Deceive Astonish
Vacant Quiet Assist Reluctant
 Tiny Huge Ample Start
Expensive Generous Waste Mistake

II. Pick out the word, which is similar in meaning to the word in bold in each:

1. Prohibit (a) prevent (b) forbid ( c) refuse (d) reject

2. Grave (a) dead (b) still ( c) serious (d) sad
3. Abandon (a) leave (b) resign ( c) depart (d) divorce
4. Recollect (a) return (b) assemble ( c) unite (d) remember
5. Intoxicated (a) drunk (b) drowsy ( c) sick (d) unconscious
6. Denounce (a) cancel (b) reject ( c) condemn (d) dislike
7. Comprehend (a) appreciate (b)understan ( c) agree (d) approved
d
8. Summit (a) ceiling (b) top ( c) height (d) bottom
9. Obstinate (a) rigid (b) firm ( c) determined (d) strict
10 Enormous (a) infinite (b) lengthy ( c) tall (d) huge
.

III. Replace each word in bold with another word which has a similar meaning:

1. He went to the railway station to ask if the train was on time.

2. All the students gathered in the hall for the morning prayer.
3. The match will commence at 9 O’clock.
4. The stadium is round in shape.
5. The daughter assisted her mother in cooking.
6. As soon as the rain ceased, we went out.
7. The cinema hall was nearly empty.
8. The police scattered the crowd.

ANTONYMS
An antonym is a word which is opposite in meaning.
Here is a list of antonyms:
Word Antonym Word Antonym
Accept Reject Great Small
Accelerate Retard Grieve Rejoice
Admit Deny Guilty Innocent
Agree Disagree Happiness Misery
Alive Dead Harmony Discord
Ancient Modern Haste Delay
Backwards Forwards Hatred Love
Beautiful Ugly Heal Wound
Beginning End High Low
Bent Straight Ill Well
Better Worse Increase Decrease
Bless Curse Inferior Superior
Capture Release Infirm Strong
Cheerful Gloomy Inflate Deflate
Certain Doubtful Innocent Guilty
Coarse Fine Juicy Dry
Contract Expand Junior Senior
Create Destroy Kind Cruel
Curse Blessing Knowledge Ignorance
Dangerous Safe Lend Borrow
Deep Shallow Lenient Strict
Defeat Victory Lethargic Energetic
Defend Accuse Light Dark
Empty Full Light Heavy
Enemy Friend Loose Tight
Expensive Cheap Majority Minority
Exit Entrance Masculine Feminine
Exterior Interior Maximum Minimum
Failure Success Miser Spendthrift
False True Motion Rest
Famous Unknown Mournful Cheerful
Fertile Barren Narrow Broad
Foolish Wise Noisy Quiet
Gain Loss Obstinate Docile
Generous Selfish Offend Defend
Giant Dwarf Opponent Ally
Oral Written Savage Civilized
Pardon Punish Seldom Often
Peace War Shy Bold
Permanent Temporary Sickness Health
Permit Prohibit Talkative Taciturn
Please Displease Terminate Begin
 Plus Minus Tragic Comic
Quiet Noisy Transparent Opaque
Rare Common Trust Doubt
Remember Forget Vacant Full
Revenue Expenditure Wet Dry
Risky Safe Wild Fame
Rough Smooth Wise Foolish
Rural Urban Worse Better
Saint Sinner Worthless Valuable
Same Different

Making Antonyms
Some ways of making antonyms are given here:
(i) Antonyms of many words can be formed by adding the prefixes un-, dis-, in-, ir-, il,
im-. Here are some examples:

Un - Ungrammatical Unsold Disqualify

Unable Ungrateful Unstable Disrespect
Unacceptable Unhealthy Unsystematic In -
Unavoidable Unhurt Untidy Inexpensive
Unauthorized Unhygienic Unusable Infinite
Unbeaten Unimportant Unwise Insufficient
Unclear Uninteresting Dis- Inactive
Uncommon Uninvited Disadvantage Incapable
Unconditional Unjust Disagree Incomplete
Unconscious Unkind Disallow Incorrect
Uncooked Unknown Disappear Incurable
Uncountable Unlucky Disarm Indecent
Undemocratic Unnatural Disconnect Indefinite
Undesirable Unpaid Discontinue Indigestible
Uneducated Unpopular Disgrace Inequality
Unexpected Unripe Dishonour Invisible
Unfit Unsafe Dishonest Ir -
Unforgettable Unscientific Dislike Irrational
Unfortunate Unshaven Disobey Irregular
Unfriendly Unskilled Displease Irrelevant
Irreligious im - Improper Misprint
Irreparable Immature Impure Misquote
Irreplaceable Immobile mis - Misrepresent
Irresponsible Immoral Misbehave Misrule
Irreversible Immortal Miscalculate Misspell
il - Immovable Misconduct Misunderstand
 Illegal Impartial Misfire Misuse
Illegitimate Impatient Misguide
Illegible Imperfect Mishandle
Illiterate Impolite Mislead
Illogical Impossible Misplace

ii) We can also make antonyms of many adjectives ending with replacing the suffix – ful
with – less. Here are some examples:

Word Antonym Word Antonym

Careful Careless Joyful Joyless
Cheerful Cheerless Merciful Merciless
Colourful Colourless Pitiful Pitiless
Doubtful Doubtless Shameful Shameless
Harmful Harmless Thankful Thankless
Hopeful Hopeless Useful Useless

Match the words in column A with their antonyms is column B:

Column A Column B

Create Disperse

Asleep Minority

Assemble Timid

Opaque Attack

Solid Awake

Majority Dull

Bright Destroy

Innocent Hollow

Bold Guilty
 Defend Transparent

PREFIXES

Here are some easy tips to remember about prefixes

Use il- before words starting with I

Not legible- illegible
Use ir- before words starting with r
Not relevant- irrelevant
Use im- before words starting with m and p
Not mature- immature; not possible- impossible
Use in- before any other letter
Not adequate- inadequate; not capable- incapable
Not decent- indecent; not offensive- inoffensive

Use the prefixes il, ir, im or in to form the antonyms of these words:

1. legal _____________________

2. responsible ________________

3. perfect ___________________

4. accurate __________________
5. modest ___________________

6. personal __________________

7. literate ___________________

8. logical ___________________
Suffixes
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES:

-Fill in the blanks with suffix– able, - ful, -lless, -dom, er, ment, ness:

1. The first woman is very tired. She wants to rest!

The second woman can't stay still. She always wants to move! She is rest_____.

2. The first dog isn't cute. He's a little scary!

The second dog is very cute! He's ador _____!

3. Jason writes lots of lists, so he always remembers what he has to do. He never forgets!

But Melanie can't remember anything! She's very forget_____!

COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES:

-dom -er -ment -ness

41. I tteach science in big a university. I am a physics teach_____.

52. Sir Alan is King Richard's best knight. He is brave and strong. He is the most important knight in
Richard's whole king_____!

63. Henrietta is my best friend. She is wonderful! The best thing about her is her kind_____.
She is always so nice to people!

74. The kids always have fun together. They never disagree or have an argu_____.
 UNIT 2
READING COMPREHENSION -3

Read the following poem and answer the questions that follow:
BROTHERS
My brothers almost everyday
Would make me mad;
As last they all went off to camp-
And I was glad!
I played around the house and helped
My mom to bake;
And no one teased-or took the biggest
Piece of cake.
And no one lashed my dollies to
The lilac tree,
Or grabbed my things and hid them where
I couldn’t see.
But soon I missed their corny jokes
And jolly noise-
Now I can hardly wait today
To see the boys!
Q1. The poet was happy when her brothers went away to camp because she

a)could have some peace

b)wanted to be alone
c)could have the biggest piece of cake
d)could help her mother bake a cake

Q2.The poet’s brothers often

a)played with her

b)missed her
c)bothered her
d)waited for her

Q3.The poet can be called a____________ sister.

a)selfish and insensitive

b)playful and happy
c)lonely and irritating
d)affectionate and sensitive

Q4.The last stanza describes the girl’s

a)kindness
b)happiness
c)restlessness
d)thoughtfulness

Q2.Given below is the summary of the poem. Complete it by writing the missing word against
the correct blank number in the space provided.
The poet had naughty brothers whose mischief would often make her shriek in
a)____________.One day when they went b)_____________ she was beside herself with
c)____________ for there was no one to d)_____________ her or to e)___________her dolls to
the lilac tree. She could f)________ the biggest piece of cake g)____________ by her mother.
She was no longer afraid of her things being h)__________ and hidden away. But soon she
began to i)____________ the jokes and the j)____________ they used to make. She grew
restless waiting for them to return.

READING COMPREHENSION - 4

Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

These days people prefer to travel by fast-moving vehicles - buses, cars, scooters etc. rather
than walk. Everyone seems to be in a great hurry to reach some place. But in this hurry,
something great and valuable is lost. Walking has many advantages which no other form of
transportation can match. It is a very healthy exercise recommended for people of all ages. It
has no adverse side-effect. In fact, walking alone can make people slimmer and healthier.

Walking is also the most economical way of moving about. This is a very important
consideration in these days of increasing petrol prices and corresponding increase in all fares.
One can save a lot of money by walking to one's place of work or to school.
 All machines are unpredictable and undependable. If you depend on them, you may
sometimes be let down. You often find cars; scooters or buses break down on the way, with
their passengers looking worried and anxious. But the walker is never let down. He doesn’t
have to wait long hours for a bus.
The greatest advantage of walking is the pleasure it gives. It is a leisurely exercise giving you
time for many things that others miss.

If you rush by in a fast moving vehicle you’re unable to enjoy the beauty of nature, or notice
the variety of life around you. Walking gives you time to reflect on life and your problems and
helps you retain a healthy frame of mind.

Walking therefore is the best way of reaching your destination. It is the least complicated,
inexpensive, health-giving and joy-giving.

Q1. Why do people prefer to travel by fast moving vehicles?

______________________________________________________________________________
_______
Q2. Why does the author recommend walking for people of all ages?

______________________________________________________________________________
_______
Q3. What is the greatest advantage of walking?

______________________________________________________________________________
_______
Q4. What happens if we rush by in a fast-moving vehicle?

______________________________________________________________________________
_______
Q5. In what way is walking good for the mind?

______________________________________________________________________________
_______
Q6. Find words from the passage which mean the same as:

a) benefits - ______________
b) suggested - ______________

WRITING SKILLS GUIDELINES

 TOPIC: DIALOGUE WRITING

 Observe How People Talk.

 Having a sense of natural speech patterns is essential to good dialogue. Start to pay
attention to the expressions that people use and the music of everyday conversation. This
exercise asks you to do this more formally, but generally speaking it's helpful to develop your
ear by paying attention to the way people talk.
 Do not use dialogue simply to convey information. Dialogue should set the scene,
advance action, give insight into characterization, remind the reader, and foreshadow. Dialogue
should always be doing many things at once.
 Keep the character's voice in mind but keep it readable. Dialogue doesn't have to be
grammatically correct; it should read like actual speech. However, there must be a balance
between realistic speech and readability.
 Don't use too much slang or misspelling in order to create a character's voice. Also
remember to use speech as a characterization tool. Word choice tells a reader a lot about a
person: appearance, ethnicity, sexuality, background, and morality.

SAMPLE DIALOGUE WRITING

Kalindi: Rishika! Please clean the room. Your side is dirtier than mine!
Rishika: It’s not possible. What with all the snacks and drinks you keep gorging on, and by the
way I cleaned your side as well as mine yesterday.
Kalindi: It’s now my turn to do it then already? I mean I cleaned it, what, a week ago?
Rishika: Yes, it’s your turn now. You better clean up, because I am adamant not to do it.
Kalindi: You see granny well scold you if you don’t clean up. You know you are older to me.
Rishika: This time I am going to tell her all the things her little, sweet grandson does behind her
back. I am not going to clean the room.
Kalindi: Are you black mailing me? I know how many marks you got in Hindi?
Rishika:I have already told granny and yes, I am black mailing you.
Kalindi: Fine then, I will do it, all by myself. Your cute little brother will do it.
Rishika : I don’t know how you do it to me, but I will help you.
Kalindi: Yeah! I have better brains than my big, fat sister.
Writing tasks:

1) Tanveer visits his friend Keshav who is admitted in the hospital after an accident.
Construct a dialogue between both of them in about 80 words.

2) Write a dialogue between two siblings who are planning to throw a surprise birthday
party for their grandpa.

[3)] Write a dialogue between two parents who are thinking if they should send their
children out of the country for better jobs or not.
[4)]
[5)] Discuss how two friends are talking about Mother’s Day being commercialised and what
can be done to prevent it.

[6)] Write a dialogue where a brother and a sister are discussing about who is supposed to
do the washing and cleaning in the absence of their helpclean the room and why.

3)[7)] You are Namit/ Namrata, who is late due to traffic and catches the train to
Chandigarh at the last minute. Since you didn’t have enough time to buy a ticket, you
were caught by the TC. Write a dialogue between the student and railway ticket
checker.(80 -100 words)

4) You have not performed well in the SA 1 examsRashmi and Rehana are meeting after a
long time. They discuss what they have been doing since they parted. You have to show
the report card to your parents. How will you justify your bad performance? Construct a
dialogue between both of themyou in your parent in about 80 – 100 words.

TOPIC: NOTICE WRITING

A notice is written in order to inform people or pupils (in a school) about an event or an activity.
It could be about a competition, an exhibition or inauguration to take place in near future. Or
any other activities especially in school like an excursion, a meeting or a show.
A good notice is always to the point and leaves no scope for further enquiries without
compromising on the word limit (50 words).

Language
It should be formal.
Clearly stated purpose
A notice should contain all the necessary details such as:

1. Name of the issuing agency (school/college/any institution etc.)

2. Subject and date of issue/release of the notice
3. Event (what?)
4. Date/time/duration (when?)
5. Place/Venue (where?)
6. Authorized signatory: Full Name

Important points
1. Do not cross the word-limit to avoid penalty of marks
2. Always enclose the notice in a box. Draw neat lines with a sharp pencil using a ruler.
Never draw the line towards the bottom until and unless you’re done with the content.
3. Word limit – 50 words
FORMAT

NAME OF THE ORGANISATION

NOTICE

DATE
HEADING

CONTENT (50 WORDS) – giving schedule with date, time, place

Name
(Designation)
 SAMPLE NOTICE WRITING

DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL ROHINI

NOTICE

13 August 202018

SOCIAL NETWORKING WORKSHOP

The school is organizing a workshop on ‘Social Networking’ for the students of classes VII on 21
August 202018 at 09:00 a.m. Interested students should come to the school auditorium and be
seated by 08:30 a.m. For further details, contact the undersigned.

Ishit Singh
(Head Boy)

Writing Tasks:

Q1. You are Raghav Pandey, VI standard student of AVB Public School, Delhi. You have to put up
a
notice, informing the students of class VI-VIII about the forthcoming winter festival which is
to
be organised in your school. Draft the notice in 50 words.

Q2.You are Sania Joshi, Head Girl of your school. Draft a notice in not more than 50 words
informing the
students about the hobby classes to be held during the summer vacation. Mention
necessary details
and put the notice in a box.

Q3. You are Mrinalini Gupta, Activity Incharge of your school. Your school is organizing a Book
Fair in your
school to promote the habit of reading among the students. Write a notice in not more
than 50 words,
 inviting the students to visit the fair in their library periods. Include necessary details in
50 words and put the notice in a box.
Q4.You are Pradeep/Pradeepti Mehta, a student of class VII, Venkateshwar International
School. Draft
a notice to be put up on the school noticeboard inviting students to buy your old textbooks
which
are in excellent condition. (50 words)

Q5. You are Arush/Arushi Tandon, the Head Boy/Girl of Modern Public School - Pune. Your
school is
hosting an Inter-House English Poetry Competition. Draft a notice to be put up on the
school
notice board information students about it. Include all the necessary details, in 50 words.

o Draft a notice informing the students about an Inter-House debate

Competition on the topic-‘Reservation Policy cannot bring equality in the
country’. Give details like date, time, venue of the competition and the
classes that can participate.

o Your school is planning to hold a ‘Tree Planting’ drive where the Municipal
Commissioner of your area will be the Chief Guest. As part of the
‘Environment Club’ you have been asked to put up a notice informing
students about the event. Write the notice in about 50 words.

o Imagine you are a student of St. Theresa School, Pune. Your school is
planning a ‘Charity Show’ for the benefit of the students of Blind School
located in your area. Famous Cine actors will perform at the function. As the
Cultural Secretary of your school write a notice asking students to volunteer
for Prefect duties on the day of the show. The notice should be in not more
than 50 words.
o
o You are Divya, Secretary of the Red Cross Unit of your school. Your unit has
decided to organize a Blood Donation Camp on the Founder’s Day. It will be
inaugurated by the Deputy Commissioner of your district. Stating the
purpose of the camp, write a notice asking your fellow students to come
forward for the noble cause.
 MIXED BAG – 2 (GRAMMAR & LITERATURE)
QI. Fill in suitable articles:

1. I am proud of being ___________________ European.

2. Seema will visit us for_________________ week.

3. My mother has gone for __________________ X-ray.

4. I saw a beautiful picture of ____________________ unicorn.

 5. _______________ apple a day keeps _______________ doctor away.

6. There are twelve months in _____________ year.

7. ______________ Bible is read in the church every Sunday.

8. ______________ Pacific Ocean is ____________ biggest ocean.

9. ___________ honest person is always respected.

10. We went to Agra to see _____________ Taj Mahal.

11. We had ________ egg, ________ orange and _________ glass of milk for breakfast.

12. ________ fly fell into __________ soup.

13. My sister is playing with _______ one rupee coin.

14. ___________ Ganga is a holy river.

15. __________ ostrich cannot fly.

QII. Punctuate the following sentences:

 i love apples mangoes bananas and grapes

______________________________________________________________________________
______
 she went to paris to see the eiffel tower.

______________________________________________________________________________
______
 mahatma gandhi is the father of our nation

______________________________________________________________________________
______
 anil sita meghna and ravi went to england during their holiday

______________________________________________________________________________
______
  i visited taj mahal during the holidays

______________________________________________________________________________
______

QIII. Fill in the blanks with suitable pronouns:

1. Shubh and Manoj are friends. ___________ live in Chandigarh.

2. Get the file. The boss wants _____________ now.

3. Vinit is not alone. Jay and Vinay are with ___________.

4. I____________ managed the show.

5. These clips belong to her. These clips are ______________.

6. Grandpa wrote a letter to Rohan and ______________ .(I/me)

7. Adil and _____________ are going to the market.

8. My pen is blue and so is _______________.

9. This scarf belongs to my sister. This scarf is _________________.

10. __________________ are reading books.

11. This cap is ____________________.

12. Renu and I are good friends. She trusts _________________ a lot.

13. The camel has long legs. ____________ has a hump on its back.

14. Your cat is white but _____________ is black.

15. The boy is hungry. Please give __________________ something to eat.

16. The table belongs to the Sharma family. That table is _____________.

17. Rama, Renu and Maya stood first in the race. ______________ won a prize.

18. That tiffin belongs to Mr. Ahmad. That tiffin is _______________.

QIV. Q1). Fill in the blanks with adverbs like - very, much, too, enough, quite, rather & fairly:-

a. The bucket was____________ heavy for little child to carry.

b. She has grown _____________ taller than she was last year.
c. Our prices are_______________ high. We will earn good profits.
d. She can write_______________ fast but her handwriting is______________ poor.
e. The first speech of the chairman was ____________________ impressive.
f. I was_____________ wet when I reached home.
g. She was courageous ________________ to fight the thieves alone.
h. Drinking water can never be ____________pure.
i. His speech proved to be ________________ inspiring.
Q2.) Choose the correct adverb:
a. The child ________________ got lost in the fair. (near, nearly)
b. The lost child cried_______________.(bitter, bitterly)
c. Sunny flew _________________ to London.(direct, directly)
d. These flowers smell_______________.(sweet, sweetly)

Q3.) Fill in the blanks with suitable adverbs:

1. I …………………….. go to bed at 10 o’clock.
2. I have …………………. been to the USA.
3. I have been to Australia just ……………………
4. I ………………….. take a bath before I go to bed.
5. My grandparents live in Kerala. I visit them …………………
6. My friends are ………………… non-smokers.
7. I was …………………… impressed with her performance.
8. I ………………….. go for a walk in the park.
9. I watch English films ………………….
10. They …………………. go out.

Q4. Fill in the blanks with suitable adverbs in each sentence.

Example A: The tall player jumped for the ball _______.
Answer: quickly
1. The boy _____________________ took his test.
2. The team ____________________ awaited their next opponent.
3. The player _____________________ asked the official a question.
4. The teams shook hands _____________________ after the game.
5. The girl ___________________ walked to her seat.
6. The boy walked _____________________ close to the edge.
7. I _____________________ finished my test on time.
8. The boy _____________________talked back to his teacher.
9. The woman _____________________ shouted aloud.
10. The man _______________________ waited in line.
11. The people _________________________ waited in line for the show.
12. I ________________________ awaited the results of my test.
13. I ________________________ asked a question.
14. He __________________________ asked me to move seats.
15. The man ________________________ stumbled towards his chair.

Q5. Fill in the blanks with suitable adverbs:

1. I _______________________ (secret) bought my friend a birthday gift.

2. We _______________________(easy) won the game!
3. The boy ______________________ (quick) ran around the block with his dog.
4. I _______________________(patient) waited my turn in the line for the latest game.
5. She ______________________(careful) walked home from school.
6. I bought a new book _______________________(recent.)
1. The man ______________________rides his bike to work. (rarely)
2. Susan __________________________arrives to work late. (never)
3. The teacher _________________________gives a quiz on Tuesday. (usually)
4. My mother ________________________forgets to make my lunch in the morning.
(sometimes)
5. The bus ___________________________makes stops in my city. (frequently)
6. My family _____________________________celebrates my birthday. (always)

Q6. Complete each sentence below with an adverb from the words given below.

{quickly, frantically, correctly, joyfully, vaguely, calmly, frequently, carefully, everywhere, finally}

1. We laughed _______________________ when we heard the good news.

2. I _______________________ walked over the broken pieces of glass.
3. When I misplaced my wallet, I _______________________ looked everywhere.
4. The sprinter _____________________ turned the corner for the final lap.
5. I looked _____________________ for my little sister when she got lost at the theme park.
6. After many hours, we _________________________ arrived at our destination.
7. We had to check the oven _________________________ to make sure we didn’t burn the
pizza.
8. I answered most of the problems ________________________.
9. I _____________________ remember what happened in middle school.
10. The man _______________________ walked past the sleeping lion.

LITERATURE
QI. Reference to context’s

A). “They turned against him. They stopped trusting him. Now they preferred to walk an
extra mile to the shops near the Tehri bus stand.”

i. Who are ‘they’ and ‘him’ in the given lines?

ii. Why did they stop trusting him?
iii.Which were the shops near the Tehri bus stand?

B). “Immediately after they were gone, it would turn up by itself from somewhere quite near,
always somewhere quite near, always with the most reasonable explanation for its absence.”

i. Who are ‘they’ and where did they go?

ii. Who turned up and what explanation was given by him/her?
iii. Why did everyone get together?

C). “Richly your wares are displayed,

Turbans of crimson and silver,
Tunics of purple brocade…”

i. Whose wares are displayed? How do they look?

ii. Besides the given products what are the other things on display?
iii. Who and where are these wares being displayed?
iv. Which imagery has been used by the poet here?

QII. Answer the following questions briefly (40 to 50 words):

“

QII. Answer the following questions briefly (40 to 50 words):

 1. How is Binya different from her brother Bijju?
2.[1.] How does Uncle Podger behave with his family? Is he justified?
3.[2.] Why are ants described as soldiers?

QIII. Answer the following questions in 80 words:

1. Why was the umbrella so special to Binya?

2. Why did she decide to give away her treasured umbrella to Ram Bharosa? What does
this tell you about Binya?
3. Ram Bharosa tried to have the umbrella stolen. What would you have done had you
been in his place?
4. List any two values that you learnt from the character of Binya.
5. How did Uncle Podger treat his family members? Do you think he was right? Why/why
not? Give reason/reasons to support your answer.
6. Have you ever been late for anything? Mention a few excuses that you would give if you
missed something or arrived late for an event.
7. List any two values that you learnt after reading the lesson, ‘Uncle Podger Leaves for
Work.’
8. How do animals and birds communicate/interact with each other? Do you think their
ways of communicating /interacting are better than verbal communication skills used by
humans?
9. List any four values that you have learnt after reading about ants and their behaviour.

VOCABULARY ENHANCEMENT – IDIOMS

An idiom (also called idiomatic expression) is an expression, word, or phrase that has a
figurative meaning conventionally understood by native speakers. This meaning is different
from the literal meaning of the idiom's individual elements. In other words, idioms don't mean
exactly what the words say. They have, however, hidden meaning.
Examples

 "Kick the bucket"

 "Spill the beans"

The meaning of these expressions is separate from the literal meaning or definition of the
words of which they are made. Their meanings are however used figuratively. They mean
respectively:

 "to die "

 "to tell people secret information"

Here is a list of idioms in everyday use. Their meanings are given alongside.

a breath of fresh air

said about a new, fresh, and imaginative approach, a change that feels good.
The president says that the country needs a breath of fresh air.

a clean bill of health

said when you examine someone or something and state that they are healthy, in good
condition, or legal.
1.The president was given a clean bill of health by his doctors.
2. The company received a clean bill of health because it fulfilled all the safety requirements.

a little bird told me

said when you don't want reveal the source of your information.
"How did you know the news?" "Oh, a little bird told me."

a whole new ball game

a completely different situation.

He has written so many short stories but writing a novel is a whole new ball game.

achilles heel

said about a strong situation which contains an element of vulnerability.

Journalists considered that minister as the government's Achilles heel.

add fuel to the fire

(also add fuel to the flames) to make a problem worse; to say or do something that makes a
bad situation worse.
Don't add fuel to the fire by laughing at him. He is furious about what you have already done

are your ears burning?

said about someone who was not present but was the topic of discussion.
We were just talking about you. Are your ears burning?

back the wrong horse

to support someone or something that later cannot be successful.

Don't back the wrong horse! You know he cannot win the elections.

bad blood

unpleasant feeling between different people.

There is bad blood between Nancy and Leila. They are rarely in good terms with each other.

bad egg

bad person
Just ignore him. He's a bad egg.

bag of bones

an extremely thin person.

He's turning into a bag of bones. He lost so much weight.

bag of tricks

a set of techniques and methods.

Why don't you use your bag of tricks to help us solve this problem?

call a spade a spade

to be truthful about something, even if it is rude or unpleasant.

Lacy never fears to tell the truth. She calls a spade a spade.

call it a day

to stop working for the rest of the day.

Why don't we call it a day? I'm really tired.
call off the dogs

said when you want someone to stop criticizing you.

Please, call off the dogs. I apologize for what I have done.

call someone names

to call someone by unpleasant, abusive or insulting names.

Because he called his teacher names, Bill was punished.

calm before the storm

the calm before the storm is an unusual or false quiet period before a period of upheaval.
The negotiation between the two parties may be peaceful now. But don't be misled! This is
only the calm before the storm.

do the trick

said about something that works.

Some lemon juice should do the trick to make this sauce more delicious.

dog-eat-dog

said about a world where people do anything to be successful.

It's disheartening to know that we are living in a dog-eat-dog world.

don't get me wrong

an expression said when you fear someone does not understand what you say.
Don't get me wrong but I think your plan may not work.

drag one's feet

To procrastinate, put off; to dawdle, avoid, or make progress slowly and reluctantly.
He's been dragging his feet about doing his homework.

eat humble pie

(also eat humble crow) said when you admit that you were wrong.
In the beginning he boasted that she would get the best grade. But then she was forced to
eat humble pie.

every dog has its day

everyone has a time of success and satisfaction.
You may become successful in your business someday. Every dog has his day.

every Tom, Dick and Harry

said about something that is common knowledge to everybody.

Every Tom, Dick and Harry knows what happened.

every trick in the book

said when you try every possible way to achieve something.

She's tried every trick in the book to convince him in vain.

face the music

said when someone accepts to confront the unpleasant consequences of one's actions.
After failing to manage the crisis, the manager had to face the music.

fair-weather friend

someone who is your friend only when the times are good.
Don't rely on him. He's a fair-weather friend.

get on like a house on fire

said about two people like each other and become very close friends in a very short time.
The two ladies are getting on like a house on fire.

get out of a jam

get out of a bad situation.

I need some help getting out of a jam.

get something off your chest

To reveal something that is worrying you or making you guilty in order to feel relieved.
She felt relieved when she got it off her chest. She had felt guilty for years.

have big ears

to be nosy and listen to other people's private conversations.

Speak quietly. Nancy has big ears.

have bigger fish to fry

(also have other fish to fry; have more important fish to fry) to have other things to
do; to have more important things to do.
I can't answer your question. I have bigger fish to fry.

put on a brave face

to pretend that a problem doesn't bother you.

He looks calm, but I suspect he's just putting on a brave face.

put one's mind to it

To apply oneself; to exert a directed effort.

You can do anything, if you put your mind to it.

Ex. Here are some idioms, can you guess their meanings? If not, then find them out...

1. A penny for your thoughts -

________________________________________________________

2. Add insult to injury-

______________________________________________________________

3. A hot potato-

___________________________________________________________________

4. Once in a blue moon-

_____________________________________________________________

5. Caught between two stools-

_______________________________________________________

6. See eye to eye-

__________________________________________________________________

7. Hear it on the grapevine-

__________________________________________________________
8. Miss the boat-

___________________________________________________________________

9. Kill two birds with one stone-

_______________________________________________________

10. Speak of the devil! -

______________________________________________________________

Given below are sentences using idioms.

Underline the Idioms:

1. Prices are rising so fast that housewives are finding it difficult to make both ends meet.

2. Rajiv is not popular with his teachers because he is always playing to the gallery.

3. After he lost his job, the whole family had to live from hand to mouth.

4. He has been caught stealing, and he will have to face the music today in court.

5. He had to leave very quickly because the police were at his heels.

6. He left the company he worked for under a cloud. But no one could prove anything.

7. In his first lecture, the teacher gave the students a bird’s eye view of the syllabus.

8. No one knows which side Jim supports: he just sits on the fence and refuses to vote.

9. He used to get up to all sorts of mischief, but now he seems to have turned over a new
leaf.

10. My brother has got a difficult job and yet he also goes to parties almost every night. I
wonder
how long he can go on burning the candle at both ends.