PROCEDURES:

ACTIONS: NOTES:
I. STRUCTURE OF THE PERIODIC TABLE:
Use the blank periodic table (Table I.) on the report sheet to indicate the 1
You may use your
following information.1 textbook as a
reference.
1. On the edges of the table: A. Number the periods. 2
B. Number the groups.
2
2. Label the following chemical families (groups) and use colored pencils The modern
identify them. periodic table,
arranges similar
A. Label the Alkali Metals and color them green. elements in vertical
B. Label the Alkaline earth metals and color them blue. columns called
C. Label the Halogens and color them yellow. groups or families.
D. Label the Noble gases and color them red. The horizontal rows
are called periods.

3. Sketch a dark black line separating the metals from the nonmetals.

4. Label the
3
A. Representative elements (and identify them with brown diagonal Lanthanides were
formerly called the
stripes)
rare earth elements.
B. Transition elements (and identify them with orange diagonal stripes)
C. Lanthanide series3 (and color them purple)
D. Actinide series (and color them pink)

II. PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS: A.

ATOMIC RADIUS
1. Find and refer to Table 4.5 showing atomic radii of the elements.

2. On the grid IIA on the report sheet plot the atomic radii for elements in period 2, 3, 4, and 5.
(Start with Lithium and end with Iodine but omit the noble gases).

3. Label the points on the graph for the alkali metals, Li, Na, K, and Rb.

4. Label the points on the graph for the halogens, F, Cl, Br, and I.

5. Note the trend in atomic radius as atomic numbers increase in each period. On the report sheet
make a generalization about the trend in radius as atomic numbers increase in a period. (Box
IIA5)
6. Note the trend in atomic radius as atomic numbers increase in each family. Specifically, find the
alkali metals and the halogens and note the trend within those families. On the report sheet make
a generalization about the trend in atomic radius as atomic numbers increase in a family. (Box
IIA6)

B. ELECTRONEGATIVITY
1. Find and refer to Table 4.6 showing electronegativities of the common elements.

2. On the grid IIB on the report sheet, plot the electronegativity for elements in period 2, 3, 4, and
5. (Start with Lithium and end with Iodine).

3. Label the points on the graph for the alkali metals, Li, Na, K, and Rb.

4. Label the points on the graph for the halogens, F, Cl, Br, and I.

5. Note the trend in electronegativity as atomic numbers increase in each period. On the report
sheet (Box IIB5) make a generalization about the trend in electronegativity as atomic numbers
increase in a period.

6. Note the trend in electronegativity as atomic numbers increase in each family. Specifically, find
the alkali metals and the halogens and note the trend within those families. On the report sheet
(Box IIB6) make a generalization about the trend in electronegativity as atomic numbers increase
in a family.

C. CHARGES OF MONOATOMIC IONS

1. Write the symbol (including charge) in the appropriate position in the blank periodic table
(Table IIC) for each of the following: :
Representative element metal ions Monoatomic nonmetal ions:
a. Lithium ion i. Fluoride ion
b. Sodium ion j. Chloride ion
c. Potassium ion k. Bromide ion
d. Magnesium ion l. Iodide ion
e. Calcium ion m. Oxide ion
f. Strontium ion n. Sulfide ion
g. Barium ion o. Nitride ion
h. Aluminum ion p. Phosphide

2. Explain in Box IIC2 how a representative element’s position on the periodic table is helpful in
determining the charge of its monoatomic ion.
III. PREDICTIONS FOR AN UNDISCOVERED ELEMENT
1. Draw a new element box in the position on Table IIC where the undiscovered element with
atomic number 117 would be expected to be.

2. Make up a name and symbol for element 117 and write the symbol in the box on Table IIC.

3. In Box III3 report the following information expected about element 117: A. Your created name
for the element.
B. Your given symbol.
C. The family to which it would belong.
D. The number of valence electrons expected.
E. The properties (metal, nonmetal, or metalloid)

4. On Grid III4 plot the atomic radii of the five elements in the same family as element 117 and use
linear regression or a straight ruler to determine the best fit line for the relationship between
them.

5. Use the best fit line to predict the atomic radius of element 117 and report it in Box III5.

6. On Grid III6 plot the electronegativity of the five elements in the same family as element 117
and use linear regression or a straight ruler to determine the best fit line for the relationship
between them.

7. Use the best fit line to predict the electronegativity of element 117 and report it in Box III7.

8. Based on Döbereiner's Triad method calculate the atomic mass of element 117. (Hint: let the
mass of 117 = X then solve for X). Show calculations and answer in Table III8.

LAB 4: CHEMICAL PERIODICITY NAME_____________

PRE LAB EXERCISES: DATE______________

1. Indicate the nationality, the time frame, and scientific contribution of the following people:
Nationality Dates Contribution
Johann Wolfgang
Döbereiner

John Newlands

Lothar Meyer
Dimitri Mendeleev

Henry Gwyn-Jeffreys
Moseley

Glen Seaborg

2. If the sequence of elements on the periodic table were ordered by mass as Mendeleev proposed
rather than by atomic number as we do today, list 2 sequences of elements that would be out of
order. Use elements with atomic numbers less than 92 as those higher are all man made more recently.
____  _____ ____  _____

3. List several ways in which the modern arrangement of the periodic table of elements is useful to us? A.

B.

C.

D.

4. _____Naphthalene has a melting point of 80.5oC, is soluble in nonpolar solvents but not soluble in water.
It does not conduct an electric current. With this evidence naphthalene is most likely
A. an ionic compound B. a covalent compound

5. _____An ionic bond occurs when two bonded atoms have an electronegativity difference _____
A. < 0.4 B. between 0.5 and 1.7 C. > 1.7 D. >2.5
50 CH104 Lab 4: Chemical Periodicity (S12)

LAB 4: CHEMICAL PERIODICITY NAME___________________

REPORT: PARTNER_________DATE___

I. STRUCTURE OF THE PERIODIC TABLE: (Table I)

II. PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS

IIA. GRAPH OF ATOMIC RADIUS VS ATOMIC NUMBER

2.5
Radius, in Angstroms

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

0 10 20 30 40 50
60
Atomic Number

CH104 Lab 4: Chemical Periodicity (S12) 6

Atomic Radii: Results
(Box IIA5)

As atomic number increases in a period the atomic radius (circle one)  or 

(Box IIA6)

As atomic number increases in a family group the atomic radius (circle one)  or 

IIB. GRAPH OF ELECTRONEGATIVITIES VS ATOMIC NUMBER

4.0
Electronegativity

3.0

2.0

1.0

0.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Atomic Number

Electronegativity: Results
(Box IIB5)
As atomic number increases in a period the electronegativity (circle one)  or 

(Box IIB6)

CH104 Lab 4: Chemical Periodicity (S12) 7

As atomic number increases in a family group the electronegativity (circle one)  or 

Find the electronegativity of each atom in the following compounds. Determine the difference
between the electronegativity values and from that determine the bond type that would form.
electronegativity electronegativity electronegativity Bond Type
Atom 1 Atom 2 Difference ionic (I) or covalent (C)
K-F
Li-Br
I-Cl
Cl-Cl

IIC. CHARGES OF MONOATOMIC IONS:

Monoatomic Ions: Analysis

(Box IIC2)

CH104 Lab 4: Chemical Periodicity (S12) 8

III. PREDICTIONS FOR AN UNDISCOVERED ELEMENT:
Table III3. Properties of Element 117
A. The chemical name.

B. The symbol

C. The family to which it would belong.

D. The number of valence electrons.

E. The properties (circle one) Metal, Nonmetal, Metalloid

III4 Radius of Family of Element 117 III6 Electronegativity of Family of 117

2.5 5.0
CH104 Lab 4: Chemical Periodicity (S12) 9
 Electronegativity
Radius, in Angstroms

2.0 4.0

1.5 3.0

1.0 2.0

0.5 1.0

0.0 0.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6
Element Element

Properties of Element 117

F. Predicted Atomic radius Box III5
G. Predicted Electronegativity Box III7
H. Predicted Atomic Mass (show calculations & circle answer) BoxIII8

RELATED EXERCISES : Reference Search:

1. Use the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) to find the following information about Sodium Chloride,
NaCl

CH104 Lab 4: Chemical Periodicity (S12) 10

CAS# = Melting Point = Toxic Effects on Humans:

LD50 = Boiling Point = Handling & Storage:

CH104 Lab 4: Chemical Periodicity (S12) 11

 CH104 Lab 4: Chemical Periodicity (S12)
LAB 4B: Formulas and Compound Names
Name_____________
A. Complete the following table indicating the types and formulas of compounds formed.
Compound Name Ionic (I) or Formula & Formula & Compound Formula
Covalent charge of charge of anion
cation (Only if Ionic;
(C) (Only if Ionic; If covalent X out)
If covalent X out)
1. Sodium Sulfide I Na1+ S2- Na2S
2. Sodium Sulfite
3. Sodium Sulfate
4. Calcium Iodide
5. Calcium Hydroxide
6. Calcium Carbonate
7. Potassium Oxide
8. Sulfur Dioxide
9. Aluminum Oxide
10. Barium Oxide
11. Phosphorus Trichloride
12. Copper (I) Oxide
13. Magnesium Phosphate
14. Manganese (IV) Oxide
15. Ferrous Nitride

B. Complete the following table indicating the types and names of compounds formed.
Compound Ionic (I) or Compound Name
Formula Covalent (C)
1. KI I Potassium Iodide

2. K2S

3. K2SO4

4. SO3

5. CBr4

6. AlCl3

7. FeCl3

8. NCl3

9. CS2

10. CaSO4

CH104 Lab 4: Chemical Periodicity (S12)

11. CuSO4

12. Mg3N2

13. Mg(NO3) 2

14. Mg(NO2) 2

15. NO3

16. Ca3(PO3) 2

17. NaHCO3

18. Na2CO3

19. SnO2

20. KMnO4

CH104 Lab 4: Chemical Periodicity (S12)