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Linear Algebra

The document provides 14 linear algebra exercises involving systems of equations, matrix operations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, vector operations, and finding the angle between vectors. The exercises can be solved using Gaussian elimination, matrix inverse and multiplication, computing dot products and magnitudes of vectors, and using the formula relating the dot product and angle between vectors.

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farayi.gadah
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30 views3 pages

Linear Algebra

The document provides 14 linear algebra exercises involving systems of equations, matrix operations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, vector operations, and finding the angle between vectors. The exercises can be solved using Gaussian elimination, matrix inverse and multiplication, computing dot products and magnitudes of vectors, and using the formula relating the dot product and angle between vectors.

Uploaded by

farayi.gadah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linear Algebra Exercises

1. Use Gaussian elimination or Gauss-Jordan method to solve the following systems of equa-
tions.
x1 − x2 − x3 = 16
(a) x1 − x2 + x3 = 6 [x1 = 4, x2 = −7, x3 = −5]
−x1 − x2 − x3 = 8
x1 − x2 − 2x3 = −1
(b) −3x1 − 2x2 + x3 = −7 [x1 = 1, x2 = 2, x3 = 0]
2x1 + 3x2 + x3 = 8
x1 + 2x2 + x3 = 4
(c) 3x1 − x2 + 2x3 = 20 [x1 = −3, x2 = −3, x3 = 13]
2x1 + x2 + x3 = 4
x1 + x2 + x3 = 0
(d) 3x1 + x2 + 2x3 = 1 [x1 = −1, x2 = −2, x3 = 3]
x1 − x2 + x3 = 4
2. (a) Write each of the above systems in matrix form, such that

AX = B

where X and B are column vectors.


(b) Find A−1
(c) Use A−1 to solve the system of equations.

3. Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the given matrix. State whether the matrix is sin-
gular or nonsingular (NB: If one of the eigenvalues is zero, the the matrix is singular).
 
−1 2
(a)
−7 8
 
2 1
(b)
2 1
 
−8 −1
(c)
16 0
 
1 1
(d) 1
4 1
 
−1 2
(e)
−5 1
 
4 8
(f)
0 −5

1
 
7 0
(g)
0 13
 
5 −1 0
(h)  0 −5 9 
5 −1 0
 
3 0 0
(i)  0 2 0 
4 0 1
 
0 4 0
(j)  −1 −4 0 
0 0 −2
 
1 6 0
(k)  0 2 1 
0 1 2
 
0 0 −1
(l)  1 0 0 
1 1 −1
 
2 −1 0
(m)  5 2 4 
0 1 2
 
1 2 3
(n)  0 5 6 
0 0 −7
 
0 0 0
(o)  0 0 0 
0 0 1

4. Let a = h2, −3, 4i, b = h−1, 2, 5i, and c = h3, 6, −1i. Find the indicated scalar or vector.

(a) a · b [Answer: 12]


(b) b · c [Answer: 4]
(c) a · c [Answer: -16]
(d) a · (b + c) [Answer: -4]
(e) a · (4b) [Answer: 48]
(f) b · (a − c) [Answer: 8]
(g) a · a [Answer: 29]
(h) (2b) · (3c)
(i) a · (a + b + c)
(j) (2a) · (a − 2b)
 
a·b
(k) b
b·b
(l) (c · b)a

2
5. Determine which pairs of the following vectors are orthogonal: (NB: If vectors a and B are
orthogonal, then a · b = 0)

(a) h2, 0, 1i
(b) 3i + 2j − k
(c) 2i − j − k
(d) i − 4j + 6k
(e) h1, −1, 1i
(f) h−4, 3, 8i

6. Determine a scalar c so that the given vectors are orthogonal.

(a) a = 2i − cj + 3k, b = 3i + 2j + 4k
(b) a = c, 21 , c , b = h−3, 4, ci

7. Find the angle θ between the given vectors. (NB: a · b = kakkbk cos θ)

(a) a = 3i − k, b = 2i + 2k
(b) a = 2i + j, b = −3i − 4j
(c) a = h2, 4, 0i, b = h−1, −1, 4i
1 1 3
(d) a = 2, 2, 2 , b = h2, −4, 6i

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