Flexural Design of Prestressed Concrete

Department of Civil Engineering
Prestressed Concrete
Flexural Design of Prestressed Concrete Elements
(2)
Instructor:
Dr. Sawsan Alkhawaldeh
Reduction of prestress force near supports
 Using straight tendons in prestensioned
members can cause high tensile stresses in the
concrete extreme fibers at supports.
 This is the result of:
- The absence of bending moment stresses due
self weight and superimposed loads at this
section.
- And the dominance of the moment due to
prestressing force alone.
Reduction of prestress force near supports
The stresses due to prestressing force at the support
section can be reduced using some common methods:
1. Changing the eccentricity of some of the cables by
raising them towards the support zone.
2. Sheathing some of the cables by plastic tubing towards

the support zone.
End blocks at support anchorage zones
 Stress distribution
In both pretensioned and post-tensioned beams,
The large tendon prestressing force causes a large
concentration of compressive stress in the
longitudinal direction at the support section on a
small segment of the face of the beam end.
Anchorage reinforcement
 In Pretensioned members, the length of the
embedment determines the magnitude of
prestress that can be developed along the
span.
 The larger the embedment length, the higher
is the prestress developed.
 The embedment length that gives the full
development of stress is a combination of the
transfer length and the flexural bond length.
Development length
Development length
 The transfer length is given as:
 The flexural bond length is given as:
 The minimum required development length for

prestressing strands is:
 If part of the tendon is sheathed towards the beam end

to reduce the concentration of the stresses near the end,
the stress transfer in that zone is eliminated and an
increased adjusted development length is needed.
Anchorage reinforcement in Pretensioned members
The total stirrup force can be calculated using the
empirical expression developed by Mattock et al. based
on experimental tests which is given as:
If the average stress in a stirrup is taken as half the

maximum permissible steel stress, then
From which, the total area of stirrups is:
𝑓𝑠 ≤ 20000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑘 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑠𝑒𝑠.

Example: Anchorage reinforcement of pretensioned beam
Design the anchorage reinforcement needed to prevent bursting or spalling cracks
from developing in the pretensioned beam shown below.
Solution:
The transfer length is:
The total area of stirrups is:

Anchorage zone in Post-tensioned members
 The anchorage zone is the volume of concrete
through which the concentrated prestressing force at
the anchorage device spreads transversely to a linear
distribution across the entire cross-section depth
along the span.
 The length of this zone is the length where the stress
becomes uniform at an approximate distance ahead
of the anchorage device equal to the depth, h, of the
section.
 The entire prism which would have a transfer length,
h, is the total anchorage zone.
The total anchorage zone is composed of two parts:
 General zone: is identical to the total anchorage zone and its
length is equal to the section depth, h.
 Local zone: is the insert prism of concrete surrounding and
immediately a head of the anchorage device and the confining
reinforcement it contains. It’s length has to be considered as the
larger of either its maximum width or the length of the anchorage
device confining reinforcement.
The anchorage zone is subjected to three levels

of stress represented by contour areas:
 High bearing stresses ahead of the anchorage
device. Proper confinement of the concrete is
necessary to prevent the compressive failure
of this segment.
 Extensive tensile bursting stresses normal to
the tendon axis.
 High compression in the stress field.
 Throughout the entire anchorage zone, confining
reinforcement has to be used to prevent bursting and
splitting which are the result of the high concentrated
compressive forces transmitted through the anchorage
device.
 Checks have to be made of the bearing stresses on the
concrete to ensure that that the allowable
compressive bearing capacity of the concrete is never
exceeded.
Design methods for the general zone of post-tensioned members
 Linear elastic analysis

 Strut and tie method
 Approximate method
Linear elastic analysis method for confining reinforcement determination
Strut and tie method
 This method is based on approximating the flow of

forces in the anchorage zone by a series of straight
compression struts and straight tension ties
connected at points called nodes.
 The compressive forces are carried by the plastic
compression struts and the tensile forces are carried
by non-prestressed reinforcing as confining ties.
Allowable bearing stresses
The maximum allowable bearing stress at the
anchorage device seating should not exceed the
smaller of two values:

Flexural Design of Prestressed Concrete

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Flexural Design of Prestressed Concrete

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Flexural Design of Prestressed Concrete

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Department of Civil Engineering

2. Sheathing some of the cables by plastic tubing towards

 The minimum required development length for

 If part of the tendon is sheathed towards the beam end

If the average stress in a stirrup is taken as half the

𝑓𝑠 ≤ 20000 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑘 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑠𝑒𝑠.

The transfer length is:

The total area of stirrups is:

The anchorage zone is subjected to three levels

 Linear elastic analysis

 This method is based on approximating the flow of

You might also like