Function Part 2

K N F E n g i n e e r i n g M a t h e m a t i c s I
Prepared by
DR NOR AZALINA ROSLI
1 Basic Definition
2 Linear and quadratic functions
3 Polynomial, Rational and Circular functions
4 Exponential, Logarithmic and Hyperbolic functions

Revision: Convert the given radians measure
to degree
 3
(a) (b)
4 5
Revision: Convert the given degrees measure

to radians
(c) 180 (d) 40

Sine Rule
𝒂 𝒃 𝒄 For finding
= =
sin 𝑨 sin 𝑩 sin 𝑪 sides
OR
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑪 For finding

= =
𝒂 𝒃 𝒄 angles
Cosine Rule
𝒂𝟐 = 𝒃𝟐 + 𝒄𝟐 − 𝟐𝒃𝒄𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑨
For finding
𝒃𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 𝒄𝟐
+ − 𝟐𝒂𝒄𝒄𝒐𝒔B sides
𝒄𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 − 𝟐𝒂𝒃𝒄𝒐𝒔𝑪
OR
𝒃𝟐 +𝒄𝟐 −𝒂𝟐
cosA= 𝟐𝒃𝒄
𝒂𝟐 +𝒄𝟐 −𝒃𝟐
cosB= For finding
𝟐𝒂𝒄
angles
𝒂𝟐 +𝒃𝟐 −𝒄𝟐
cosC= 𝟐𝒂𝒃
Area of Triangle
𝟏
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝑨𝑩𝑪 = 𝒃𝒄𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑨
𝟐
𝟏
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝑨𝑩𝑪 = 𝒂𝒄𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑩
𝟐
𝟏
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝑨𝑩𝑪 = 𝒂𝒃𝑺𝒊𝒏𝑪
𝟐
 Inthe triangles shown below, calculate sinθ˚,
cosθ˚ and tanθ˚. Determine the value of θ in
each case
60mm 100mm
θ˚
80mm
(a)
 Inthe triangles shown below, calculate sinθ˚,
cosθ˚ and tanθ˚. Determine the value of θ in
each case
5m
13m θ˚
(b)
 In triangle ABC, angle A is 40⁰, angle B is 60 and side BC is
20mm. Calculate the remaining two sides
60⁰ 40⁰
B A
?
 In triangle ABC, the angle C is 35⁰, and the sides AC and BC have
lengths 42mm and 73mm respectively. Calculate the length of the third
side AB.
35⁰
B 73mm
C
Sin graph
Cos graph
Tan graph
Csc graph
Sec graph
Cot graph
 Also, remember
 Also, remember
 Find solutions of;
a) cos (135˚)
b) sin (330˚)
c) tan (240˚)
 Find all solutions of;
a) 2 sinx – 1=0
b) cos2x – 3 cos x + 2=0

Other circular function
1
◆ Secant sec =
cos
◆ cosecant cos ec = 1
sin 
1 cos x
◆ cotangent cot  = =
tan  sin x
1
Prove that 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 =
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
Prove that = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃+𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃
Solve 2 cos2x + 3 sin x = 3 for 0≤x≤2π
Solve the following trigonometric equation in the range
given
cos 2𝜃 + 25 ° = −0.454, 0 ≤ 𝜃 < 360

Prove that for some constant  ,4sinx + 3cosx = 5sin(x +)
and estimate the value 
Inverse trigonometric functions are defined as the inverse
functions of the basic trigonometric functions
𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥
The Arcsine (x) Function
•y = sin-1 x is the inverse function of x = sin y
•It has domain [-1, 1]
 
•It has range − , 
 2 2
The Arccosine (x) Function

•y = cos-1 x is the inverse function of x = cos y
•It has domain [-1, 1]
•It has range 0,  
The Arctangent Function
•y = tan-1 x is the inverse function of x = tan y
•It has domain (−, )
  
•It has range  − , 
 2 2
The Arcsec (x) Function

•y = sec-1 x is the inverse function of x = secy
    
•It has domain 0, 2    2 ,  
•It has range (−,1]  [1, )

The Arccsc (x) Function
•y = csc-1 x is the inverse function of x = csc y
•It has domain (−,1]  [1, )
•It has range −  ,0  0,  

 2   2
The Arccot Function

•y = cot-1 x is the inverse function of x = cot y
•It has domain (−, )
•It has range 0,   

FUNCTION DOMAIN RANGE
Sin x 𝑥𝜖𝑅 −1,1
Cos x 𝑥𝜖𝑅 −1,1
Tan x 𝜋 𝑦𝜖𝑅
𝑥𝜖𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ 𝑛𝜋 +
2
Csc x 𝑥𝜖𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ 𝑛𝜋 𝑦 ≤ −1 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 ≥ 1
Sec x 𝜋 𝑦 ≤ −1 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 ≥ 1
𝑥𝜖𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ 𝑛𝜋 +
2
Cot x 𝑥𝜖𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ 𝑛𝜋 𝑦𝜖𝑅
Sin-1 x −1,1 𝜋 𝜋
− ,
2 2
Cos-1 x −1,1 0, 𝜋
Tan-1 x 𝑥𝜖𝑅 𝜋 𝜋
− ,
2 2
Csc-1 x 𝑥 ≤ −1 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ≥ 1 𝜋 𝜋
− , ,𝑦 ≠ 0
2 2
Sec-1 x 𝑥 ≤ −1 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ≥ 1 𝜋
0, 𝜋 , 𝑦 ≠
2
Cot-1 x 𝑥𝜖𝑅 0, 𝜋
Evaluate
−1
sin 1 sin −1
(− 1)
−11 −1 1
sin ( ) sin (− )
2 2
Evaluate
−1 cos−1 (−1)
cos 1
−11 −1 1
cos ( ) cos (− )
2 2
Evaluate
−1
tan 1 tan −1 (− 1)
Find the value of x

sin −1 (x − 1) =
4
tan(x + 2) = 1
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K N F E n g i n e e r i n g M a t h e m a t i c s I

2 Linear and quadratic functions

3 Polynomial, Rational and Circular functions

4 Exponential, Logarithmic and Hyperbolic functions

Revision: Convert the given degrees measure

(c) 180 (d) 40

𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑪 For finding

b) cos2x – 3 cos x + 2=0

cos 2𝜃 + 25 ° = −0.454, 0 ≤ 𝜃 < 360

The Arccosine (x) Function

The Arcsec (x) Function

•It has range (−,1]  [1, )

•It has range −  ,0  0,  

The Arccot Function

•It has range 0,   

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