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    C++ Basic Notes

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    NIKHIL SWAMY B C
    This document provides an overview of basic C++ concepts including variables and data types, operators and expressions, control flow statements, functions, classes and objects, pointers and references, and memory management. It describes key C++ elements such as declaring variables, defining functions, creating classes with members like variables and methods, and using pointers and references. The document is intended to teach C++ from basic to intermediate concepts.

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    C++ Basic Notes

    Uploaded by

    NIKHIL SWAMY B C
    21 views4 pages
    This document provides an overview of basic C++ concepts including variables and data types, operators and expressions, control flow statements, functions, classes and objects, pointers and references, and memory management. It describes key C++ elements such as declaring variables, defining functions, creating classes with members like variables and methods, and using pointers and references. The document is intended to teach C++ from basic to intermediate concepts.

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    C++ simple basic revision notes upto intermediate level

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    C++ basic notes

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    This document provides an overview of basic C++ concepts including variables and data types, operators and expressions, control flow statements, functions, classes and objects, pointers and references, and memory management. It describes key C++ elements such as declaring variables, defining functions, creating classes with members like variables and methods, and using pointers and references. The document is intended to teach C++ from basic to intermediate concepts.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views4 pages

    C++ Basic Notes

    Uploaded by

    NIKHIL SWAMY B C
    This document provides an overview of basic C++ concepts including variables and data types, operators and expressions, control flow statements, functions, classes and objects, pointers and references, and memory management. It describes key C++ elements such as declaring variables, defining functions, creating classes with members like variables and methods, and using pointers and references. The document is intended to teach C++ from basic to intermediate concepts.

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    C++ Basic to Intermediate Level NotesIntroduction

    C++ is a general-purpose programming language that is widely used in a variety of applications,


    including operating systems, device drivers, games, and embedded systems. It is a powerful
    and versatile language, but it can also be complex and challenging to learn.

    This document provides a basic overview of C++, including the following topics:

    ● Variables and data types


    ● Operators and expressions
    ● Control flow statements
    ● Functions
    ● Classes and objects
    ● Pointers and references
    ● Memory management
    ● Templates
    ● Standard library

    Variables and data types

    A variable is a named storage location that can hold a value. C++ has a variety of data types,
    including integers, floating-point numbers, characters, and strings.

    To declare a variable, you must specify its data type and its name. For example, the following
    code declares an integer variable named age:

    C++
    int age;

    You can then assign a value to the variable using the assignment operator (=). For example, the
    following code assigns the value 25 to the variable age:

    C++
    age = 25;

    Operators and expressions

    Operators are used to perform operations on data. C++ has a variety of operators, including
    arithmetic operators, relational operators, logical operators, and bitwise operators.

    An expression is a combination of operands and operators. Expressions can be used to


    evaluate values and to control the flow of a program.

    For example, the following expression evaluates the sum of the variables age and 1:

    C++
    age + 1

    The following expression compares the values of the variables age and 18:

    C++
    age > 18

    Control flow statements

    Control flow statements are used to control the flow of a program. C++ has a variety of control
    flow statements, including the if statement, the else statement, the while loop, and the for loop.

    The if statement is used to execute a block of code if a condition is true. The else statement is
    used to execute a block of code if a condition is false.

    The while loop is used to execute a block of code while a condition is true. The for loop is used
    to execute a block of code a specified number of times.

    For example, the following code uses an if statement to check if the variable age is greater than
    18. If it is, the code prints a message to the console:

    C++
    if (age > 18) {
    cout << "You are an adult." << endl;
    }

    Functions

    A function is a block of code that can be reused throughout a program. Functions can take
    parameters and can return values.

    To define a function, you must specify its return type, its name, and its parameters. For example,
    the following code defines a function named add(), which takes two integer parameters and
    returns an integer value:

    C++
    int add(int a, int b) {
    return a + b;
    }

    To call a function, you simply need to specify its name and its arguments. For example, the
    following code calls the add() function and prints the result to the console:

    C++
    int result = add(1, 2);
    cout << result << endl;

    Classes and objects

    A class is a blueprint for creating objects. Objects are self-contained entities that contain data
    and code.

    To define a class, you must specify its name and its members. Class members can be variables,
    functions, or other classes.

    For example, the following code defines a class named Person, which has two members: a
    name variable and a greet() function:

    C++
    class Person {
    public:
    string name;

    void greet() {
    cout << "Hello, my name is " << name << endl;
    }
    };
    To create an object from a class, you use the new keyword. For example, the following code
    creates a Person object and assigns it to the variable person:

    C++
    Person *person = new Person();

    You can then access the object's members using the dot operator (.). For example, the following
    code sets the object's name and then calls its greet() function:

    C++
    person->name = "John Doe";
    person->greet();

    Pointers and references

    A pointer is a variable that stores the address of another variable. References are similar to
    pointers, but they are more strongly typed.

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