SKPVANITHAINTERNATIONAL SCHOOL,

TIRUVANNAMALAI

CH: 10 – BIOMOLECULES

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION:

1. The number of tripeptide formed by 3 different amino acids.

(a) Three (b) Four (c) Five (d) Six.

Answer: (d) Six.

2. The functional group which is found in amino acids is

(a) COOH (b) -NH2 (c) -CH3 (d) both (a) and (b).

Answer: (d) both (a) and (b).

3. The vitamins absorbed from intestine along with fats are

(a) A and D (b) A, B (c) A, C (d) D, B

Answer: (a) A and D

4. Which amino acids is a chiral?

(a) Alanine (b) Valine (c) Proline (d) Histidine (e) none of these.

Answer: (e) none of these.

5. Which of the following biomolecules is insoluble in water?

(a) a-Keratin (b) haemoglobin (c) ribonuclease (d) adenime

Answer: (a) a-Keratin

6. The protein responsible for blood clotting is

(a) Albumins (b) Globulins (c) Fibroin (d) Fibrinogen

Answer: (d) Fibrinogen

7. Which one of them is not a protein?

(a) Wool (b) Nail (c) Hair (d) DNA

Answer: (d) DNA

8. The helical structure of protein is stabilized by:

(a) Peptide bond (b) Dipeptide bond
(c) Hydrogen bonds (d) vander Waal’s forces

Answer: (c) Hydrogen bonds

9. Which of the following has a branched chain structure

(a) Amylopectin (b) Anylose (c) Cellulose (d) Nylon

Answer: (a) Amylopectin

10.Glucose reacts with acetic anhydride to form

(a) Monoacetate (b) Tetraacetate (c) Penta-acetate (d) Hexa-acetate

Answer: (c) Penta-acetate

11. Which of the following has not a glucosidic linkage?

(a) Sucrose (b) Amylose (c) Galactose (d) Maltose.

Answer: (c) Galactose

12. Amino acids are the building blocks of

(a) Carbohydrates (b) Vitamins (c) Fats (d) Proteins.

Answer: (d) Proteins.

13. Which carbohydrates is an essential constituent of plant cells?

(a) Starch (b) Cellulose (c) Sucrose (d) Vitamins

Answer: (b) Cellulose

14. Enzymes in the living system

(a) provide energy (b) provide immunity (c) transport oxygen
(d) catalyse biological reaction

Answer: (d) catalyse biological reaction

15. Which of the following in the sweetest sugar:

(a) Sucrose (b) Glucose (c) Fructose (d) Maltose

Answer: (c) Fructose

16. Which of the following statements is true for protein synthesis

(a) amino acids are directly recognised by m-RNA.
(b) the third base of codon is less specific.
(c) only one codon codes for an amino acid.
(d) every t-RNA has more than one amino acid attachment.
Answer: (b) the third base of codon is less specific.

17. Which of the following contains a transition metal?

(a) Chlorophyll (b) Haemoglobin (c) Vitamin B12 (d) DNA

Answer: (b) Haemoglobin, (c) Vitamin B12

18, The number of chiral carbons in ß-D (+) glucose is:

(a) five (b) six (c) three (d) four

Answer: (a) five

19. Which one is correct?

(a) Starch is a polymer of a-glucose
(b) Amylose is a component of cellulose.
(c) Proteins are composed of only one type of amino acids
(d) In cyclic structure of furanose, these are 4 carbons and one oxygen atom.

Answer: (a) Starch is a polymer of a-glucose

20. Enzymes belong to which class of compounds.

(a) Polysaccharides (b) Polypeptides
(c) Polynitroheterocyclic components (d) Hydrocarbon.

Answer: (b) Polypeptides

21. The nucleic acid base having two possible binding sites is
(a) Thymine (b) Cytosine (c) Guanine (d) Adenine.

Answer: (c) Guanine

22. In both DNA and RNA, heterocyclic base and phosphate ester linkages are at
(a) C5‘ and C2‘ of the sugar molecule respectively.
(b) C2‘ and C5‘ respectively of the sugar molecule.
(c) C1‘ and C5‘ respectively of the sugar molecule.
(d) C5‘ and C1‘ respectively of sugar molecule.

Answer: (c) C1‘ and C5‘ respectively of the sugar molecule.

23. The correct statement for protein haemoglobin.

(a) functions as a catalyst for biological reactions.
(b) maintains blood sugar level.
(c) acts as oxygen carrier in blood.
(d) forms antibodies and offers resistance to disease.
Answer: (c) acts as oxygen carrier in blood.

24. The helical structure of protein is stabilised by

(a) dipeptide bonds (b) hydrogen bonds (c) ether bonds (d) peptide bonds

Answer: (b) hydrogen bonds

25. Among the following a chiral amino acid is:

(a) Ethylalanine (b) Methylglyane

(c) 2-Hydroxymethylresfne (d) Triptophane.

Answer: (c) 2-Hydroxymethylresfne

26. Which base is present in RNA, but not in DNA.

(a) Uracil (b) Cytosine (c) Guanine (d) Thymine.

Answer: (a) Uracil

27. Complete hydrolysis of cellulose gives:

(a) L-glucose (b) D-fructose (c) D-ribose (d) D-glucose.

Answer: (d) D-glucose.

28. The enzyme which hydrolysis triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol is called:
(a) Maltose (b) Lipase (c) Zymase (d) Pepsin

Answer: (b) Lipase

29. The cell memberanes are mainly composed of:

(a) Phospholipids (b) Proteins (c) Fats (d) Carbohydrates

Answer: (a) Phospholipids

30. Which functional group participates in disulphide bond formation in proteins?

(a) Thio ether (b) Thiol (c) Thio ester (d) Thiol actone.

Answer: (b) Thiol

31. Glycogen is a branched chain polymer of α-D-glucose units in which chain is formed by C1
—C4 glycosidic linkage whereas branching occurs by the formation of C1-C6 glycosidic linkage.
Structure of glycogen is similar to _________
(a) Amylose (b) Amylopectin (c) Cellulose (d) Glucose

Answer: (b) Amylopectin

32. . Which of the following polymer is stored in the liver of animals?

(a) Amylose (b) Cellulose (c) Amylopectin (d) Glycogen

Answer: (d) Glycogen

33. Sucrose (cane sugar) is a disaccharide. One molecule of sucrose on hydrolysis gives
(a) 2 molecules of glucose
(b) 2 molecules of glucose + 1 molecule of fructose
(c) 1 molecule of glucose + 1 molecule of fructose
(d) 2 molecules of fructose

Answer: (c) 1 molecule of glucose + 1 molecule of fructose

34. . Proteins are found to have two different types of secondary structures viz. α-helix and β-
pleated sheet structure. α-helix structure of protein is stabilised by:

(i) Peptide bonds (ii) van der Waals forces (iii) Hydrogen bonds
(iv) Dipole-dipole interactions

Answer: (iii) Hydrogen bonds

35. Which of the following acids is a vitamin?

(i) Aspartic acid (ii) Ascorbic acid (iii) Adipic acid (iv) Saccharic acid

Answer: (ii) Ascorbic acid

36. Dinucleotide is obtained by joining two nucleotides together by phosphodiester linkage.

Between which carbon atoms of pentose sugars of nucleotides are these linkages present?
(i) 5′ and 3′ (ii) 1′ and 5′ (iii) 5′ and 5′ (iv) 3′ and 3′

Answer: (i) 5′ and 3′

37. Nucleic acids are the polymers of

(i) Nucleosides (ii) Nucleotides (iii) Bases (iv) Sugars

Answer: (ii) Nucleotides

38. Which of the following statements is not true about glucose?
(i) It is an aldohexose.
(ii) On heating with HI it forms n-hexane.
(iii) It is present in furanose form.
(iv) It does not give 2,4-DNP test.

Answer: (iii)
39. Each polypeptide in a protein has amino acids linked with each other in a specific sequence.
This sequence of amino acids is said to be–
(i) primary structure of proteins.
(ii) secondary structure of proteins.
(iii) tertiary structure of proteins.
(iv) quaternary structure of proteins.

Answer: (i) primary structure of proteins.

40. DNA and RNA contain four bases each. Which of the following bases is not present in
RNA?
(i) Adenine (ii) Uracil (iii) Thymine (iv) Cytosine
Ans. (iii) Thymine

41. Which of the following carbohydrates does not satisfy the formula Cx(H2O)y?
a) Fructose b) Glucose c) Deoxyribose d) Lactose

Answer: c Deoxyribose

42. Which of the following carbohydrates does not have the formula C12H22O11?
a) Galactose b) Sucrose c) lactose d) Maltose

Answer: a) Galactose

43. Raffinose is an example of a ________

a) monosaccharide b) disaccharide c) trisaccharide d) tetrasaccharide

Answer: c) trisaccharide

44. Which of the following is a non-reducing sugar?

a) Galactose b) Glucose c) Fructose d) Sucrose

Answer: d) Sucrose

45. Sucrose is a _______ compound and the product mixture obtained from its hydrolysis
 is _______ in nature.
a) dextrorotatory; dextrorotatory b) dextrorotatory; laevorotatory
c) laevorotatory; dextrorotatory d) laevorotatory; laevorotatory

Answer: b) dextrorotatory; laevorotatory

46. Which of the following is false regarding the reaction of sucrose to give fructose and
glucose?
a) It can take place in the presence of enzyme sucrase
b) It results in the formation of a glycosidic bond.
c) It is an inversion reaction
d) It is a hydrolysis reaction

Answer: b) It results in the formation of a glycosidic bond.

47. Which of the following statements is incorrect with respect to starch?

a) It is a reducing carbohydrate
b) It is a polymer of α-D-glucose
c) It gives blue colour with iodine
d) It consists of branched chains

Answer: a) It is a reducing carbohydrate

48. Starch : Plants : : X : Animals. Identify X.

a) Starch b) Glucose c) Cellulose d) Glycogen

Answer: d) Glycogen
49..Which sugar is present in RNA?

(a) Glucose (b) Fructose (c) D-Ribose (d) D-2-Deoxyribose

Answer:(d) D-2-Deoxyribose
50. Vitamin A is

(a) Retinol (b) Ascorbic acid (c) Thiamine (d) Calciferol

Answer:(a) Retinol
51. Which of the following is/are example(s) of denaturation of protein?

(a) Coagulation of egg white (b) Curding of milk

(c) Clotting of blood (d) Both (a) and (b)

Answer:(d) Both (a) and (b)
52.Nucleotides are joined together by

(a) Glycosidic linkage (b) Peptide linkage

(c) Hydrogen bonding (d) Phosphodiester linkage

Answer:(d) Phosphodiester linkage

53.A secondary structure of protein is stabilized by

(a) H-bond (b) peptide bond (c) ionic bond (d) disulphide bond

Answer:(a) H-bond
54.Scurvy is caused due to deficiency of

(a) Vitamin B1 (b) Vitamin B2 (c) Ascorbic acid (d) Glutamic acid

Answer:(c) Ascorbic acid

55.How many amino acids are present in insulin?

(a) 25 (b) 20 (c) 51 (d) 52

Answer: (c) 51
56.Which of the following reagents does not react with glucose?

(a) NH2OH (b) HCN (c) 2,4–DNP reagent (d) Br 2 water

Answer:(c) 2,4–DNP reagent
57.Which among the following is a water-soluble vitamin?

(a) Vitamin C (b) Vitamin D (c) Vitamin A (d) Vitamin E

Answer:(a) Vitamin C
58.What are the hydrolysis products of lactose?

(a) β–D-galactose and β –D-Glucose (b) α –D-Glucose and α –D-Glucose

(c) α –D-Glucose and β –D-Fructose (d) None of these

Answer:(a) β–D-galactose and β –D-Glucose

59.Which of the following is incorrect for glucose?
 (a) It contains four >CHOH groups (b) It contains one –CH2OH group

(c) It contains one –CHO group (d) It contains one >C=O group

Answer:(d) It contains one >C=O group

60.The symbols D and L in the name of Carbohydrate represents

(a) Dextro rotatory nature (b) Laevo rotatory nature

(c) The relative configuration of a particular isomer (d) The optical activity of compounds

Answer:(c) The relative configuration of a particular isomer

Assertion and Reason Type Questions

Note : In the following questions a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason
is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(i) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason explains the assertion.
(ii) Both assertion and reason are wrong statements.
(iii) Assertion is correct statement and reason is wrong statement.
(iv) Assertion is wrong statement and reason is correct statement.
(v) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason does not explain assertion.
1. Assertion : D (+) – Glucose is dextrorotatory in nature.
Reason : ‘D’ represents its dextrorotatory nature.
2. Assertion : Vitamin D can be stored in our body.
Reason : Vitamin D is fat soluble vitamin.
3. Assertion : β-glycosidic linkage is present in maltose,

Reason : Maltose is composed of two glucose units in which C–1 of one glucose unit is linked to
C–4 of another glucose unit.
4. Assertion : All naturally occurring α-amino acids except glycine are optically active.
Reason : Most naturally occurring amino acids have L-configuration.
5. Assertion : Deoxyribose, C5H10O5 is not a carbohydrate.
Reason : Carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon so compounds which follow Cx(H2O)y formula
are carbohydrates.
6. Assertion : Glycine must be taken through diet.
Reason : It is an essential amino acid.
7. Assertion : In presence of enzyme, substrate molecule can be attacked by the reagent effectively.
Reason : Active sites of enzymes hold the substrate molecule in a suitable position

ANSWER: 1.(iii) 2. (i) 3.(iv) 4.(v) 5. (ii) 6. (ii) 7. (i)

Case Study Based Questions on Biomolecules

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:
1.When a protein in its native form, is subjected to physical changes like change in temperature or chemical
changes like change in pH, the hydrogenbonds are disturbed. Due to this, globules unfold and helix get
uncoiled and protein loses its biological activity. This is called denaturation of protein.
The denaturation causes change in secondary and tertiary structures but primary structures remains intact.
Examples of denaturation of protein are coagulation of egg white on boiling, curdling of milk, formation of
cheese when an acid is added to milk.
1. Define Denaturation of proteins

2. Write the difference between Fibrous proteins and Globular proteins

2. The sequence of bases along the DNA and RNA chain establishes its primary structure which controls the
specific properties of the nucleic acid. An RNA molecule is usually a single chain of ribose-containing
nucleotide. On the basis of X-ray analysis of DNA, J.D., Watson and F.H.C. crick (shared noble prize in 1962)
proposed a three dimensional secondary structure for DNA. DNA molecule is a long and highly complex,
spirally twisted, double helix, ladder like structure. The two polynucleotide chains or strands are linked up by
hydrogen bonding between the nitrogeneous base molecules of their nucleotide monomers. Adenine (purine)
always links with thymine (pyrimidine) with the help of two hydrogen bonds and guanine (purine) with
cytosine (pyrimidine) with the help of three hydrogen bonds. Hence, the two strands extend in opposite
directions, i.e., are antiparallel and complimentary.

1. write the difference between DNA and RNA.

2.Name the bases which present in DNA and RNA

3. Biomolecules are complex molecules which build up living organisms and required for their growth,
maintenance and ability to reproduce. Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones which are major
sources of energy. Monosachharides are simple sugars which cannot be hydrolysed. Oligosachharide, on
hydrolysis give 2 to 10 molecules of monosachharides. Polysachharides like starch and cellulose on hydrolysis
give large number of molecules of glucose α-glucose and β-glucose (Anomers). Proteins are complex
nitrogeneous polymers of amino acids connected through peptide bonds. The sequence in which amino acids
are linked is called Primary structure. Secondary structures are of 2 types α-helix in globular proteins and β-
pleated structure in fibrous proteins involving H-bonds. Tertiary structure has H-bonds, disulphide linkage,
ionic bonding and van der Waals' forces. Insulin is hormone for metabolism of glucose, has quarternary
structure. Denaturation of protein destroys secondary and tertiary structure, loss of biological activity but
primary structure remaining the same.
Enzymes are highly specific, work at specific pH, moderate temperature and catalyse biochemical reactions.
Hormones perform specific functions and secreated by endocrine glands. Vitamins are essential for healthy
body. A, D, E, K are fat soluble vitamins. Vitamin C and B1,B2 , B6 are water soluble. B12 is neither water, nor
fat soluble. Nucleic acids are polymer of nucleotides. RNA consist of m-RNA, t-RNA, r-RNA. RNA has
Adenine, Cytosine, Uracil and Guanine. It helps in protein synthesis. It cannot replicate. DNA contains
deoxyribose, A, C, G and Thymine. It transfers genetic characteristics. DNA has double helix structure and
undergoes replication.

1. Name a disaccharide which on hydrolysis give glucose and galactose.

Lactose.
2. What type of protein is albumin?
Globular protein.
3. Name one non-reducing sugar.
Sucrose
4. Which one is the complementary base of cytosine in one strand of DNA to that in another
strand of DNA?
Guanine.
5. Which linkage by which nucleotides are joined together between 5′ and 3′ atoms of pentose
sugar?
Phosphodiester linkage.
6. Which vitamin helps in the coagulation of blood?
Vitamin K.

4.Living system are made up of complex molecules called Biomolecules. Carbohydrate, proteins,
enzymes, nucleic acids, lipids, hormones ATP, DNA and RNA play an important role in our
daily life. Carbohydrates provide us energy. Protein help in growth and maintenance of body.
Nucleic acids, RNA helps in protein synthesis, DNA helps in transfer of genetic characteristics.
Fat are source of energy and protect our vital organs.
(a) Why are carbohydrates optically active?
(b) Name two acidic amino acids.
(c) Name a protein which has quarternary structure.

5. Proteins are the most abundant biomolecules of the living system. The chief sources of
proteins are milk, cheese, pulses, fish, meat, peanuts, etc. They are found in every part of the
body and form a fundamental basis of the structure and functions of life. These are also required
for the growth and maintenance of the body. The word protein is derived from the Greek word,
‘proteios’ meaning ‘primary’ or of ‘prime importance’. Chemically, proteins are the polymers in
which the monomeric units are the α-amino acids. Amino acids contain an amino (-NH 2) and
carboxylic (-COOH) functional groups. Depending upon the relative position of the amino group
with respect to the carboxylic group, the amino acids can be classified as α, β, and γ-amino acids.
Amino acids which are synthesised by the body are called non-essential amino acids. On the
other hand, those amino acids which cannot be synthesized in the human body and are supplied
in the form of diet (because they are required for proper health and growth) are called essential
amino acids
1.Amino acids show amphoteric behavior. Why?

2. Define Peptide linkage.

3. What are amino acids? Explain its type with one example