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    Presentation 6

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    Allum Karibasappa
    This document summarizes ENT manifestations of HIV infection. It describes common lesions seen in different areas affected by HIV including the ear, nose, oral cavity, larynx, salivary glands and neck. Opportunistic infections, unusual malignancies and neurological disorders are frequent. Specific conditions discussed include candidal infections, Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and recurrent bacterial/fungal sinusitis. Kaposi's sarcoma is highlighted as a soft tissue tumor caused by a herpes virus, often appearing as purplish lesions, and treated with chemotherapy, radiation or surgery.

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    Presentation 6

    Uploaded by

    Allum Karibasappa
    13 views16 pages
    This document summarizes ENT manifestations of HIV infection. It describes common lesions seen in different areas affected by HIV including the ear, nose, oral cavity, larynx, salivary glands and neck. Opportunistic infections, unusual malignancies and neurological disorders are frequent. Specific conditions discussed include candidal infections, Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and recurrent bacterial/fungal sinusitis. Kaposi's sarcoma is highlighted as a soft tissue tumor caused by a herpes virus, often appearing as purplish lesions, and treated with chemotherapy, radiation or surgery.

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    This document summarizes ENT manifestations of HIV infection. It describes common lesions seen in different areas affected by HIV including the ear, nose, oral cavity, larynx, salivary glands and neck. Opportunistic infections, unusual malignancies and neurological disorders are frequent. Specific conditions discussed include candidal infections, Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and recurrent bacterial/fungal sinusitis. Kaposi's sarcoma is highlighted as a soft tissue tumor caused by a herpes virus, often appearing as purplish lesions, and treated with chemotherapy, radiation or surgery.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as KEY, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as key, pdf, or txt
    13 views16 pages

    Presentation 6

    Uploaded by

    Allum Karibasappa
    This document summarizes ENT manifestations of HIV infection. It describes common lesions seen in different areas affected by HIV including the ear, nose, oral cavity, larynx, salivary glands and neck. Opportunistic infections, unusual malignancies and neurological disorders are frequent. Specific conditions discussed include candidal infections, Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and recurrent bacterial/fungal sinusitis. Kaposi's sarcoma is highlighted as a soft tissue tumor caused by a herpes virus, often appearing as purplish lesions, and treated with chemotherapy, radiation or surgery.

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    ENT MANIFESTATIONS OF

    ‘HIV’ INFECTION

    BY ALLUM KARIBASAPPA
    20MUG013
    TYPES OF LESIONS SEEN :
    1. Opportunistic Infection
    2. Unusual Malignancies
    3. Neurological Disorders
    HIV MANIFESTATION IN DIFFERENT
    AREAS OF ENT
    1. EAR
    2. NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES
    3. ORAL CAVITY AND OROPHARYNX
    4. LARYNX
    5. SALIVARY GLANDS
    6. NECK
    EAR MANIFESTATIONS
    THESE ARE CAUSED DUE TO VIRAL, BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL CAUSES,
    • KAPOSI SARCOMA
    • SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS OF EXTERNAL CANAL
    • MALIGNANT OTITIS EXTERNA
    • SEROUS OTITIS MEDIA
    • ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA
    • PSEUDOMONAS AND CANDIDA INFECTION OF THE
    EXTERNAL
    AND MIDDLE EAR
    • MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTIONS
    • SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS
    • HERPES ZOSTER (RAMSAY–HUNT SYNDROME)
    • FACIAL PARALYSIS
    NOSE & PARANASAL SINUSES MANIFESTATIONS
    • HERPETIC LESIONS OF NOSE
    • RECURRENT SINUSITIS
    • CHRONIC SINUS INFECTION
    • FUNGAL SINUSITIS
    • KAPOSI SARCOMA
    • LYMPHOMAS–B CELL TYPE
    • BURKITT LYMPHOMA
    ORAL CAVITY & OROPHARYNX MANIFESTATIONS

    •CANDIDAL INFECTION OF ORAL


    CAVITY
    • HERPETIC LESIONS OF PALATE
    • GIANT APHTHOUS ULCERS
    • ADENO TONSILLAR HYPERTROPHY.
    • GENERALIZED LYMPHADENOPATHY
    • KAPOSI SARCOMA OF PALATE
    • NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA OF
    TONSIL OR TONGUE
    • HAIRY LEUKOPLAKIA
    • GINGIVITIS
    LARYNX MANIFESTATIONS

    • LARYNGITIS—FUNGAL, VIRAL,
    TUBERCULAR
    • KAPOSI SARCOMA
    • NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA
    SALIVARY GLAND MANIFESTATIONS

    • PAROTITIS
    • XEROSTOMIA
    • DIFFUSE PAROTID ENLARGEMENT
    • LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYSTS OF
    PAROTID.
    • KAPOSI SARCOMA
    • NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA
    NECK MANIFESTATIONS

    LYMPHADENOPATHY.
    IIT COULD BE ONLY A FOLLICULAR
    HYPER- PLASIA OR DUE TO A DISEASE
    SUCH AS TUBERCULOSIS, HISTO-
    PLASMOSIS, TOXOPLASMOSIS OR NON-
    HODGKIN OR HODGKIN LYMPHOMA.
    KAPOSI SARCOMA
    KAPOSI SARCOMA
    Define - Soft tissue tumor
    Agent -Human herpesvirus/Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (HHV-8)
    History and physical - Purplish lesions or lymph node
    enlargement ,biopsied and sent to pathology for evaluation
    Evaluation-Biopsy or excision of the suspicious areas.
    Characteristic features: a spindle cell vascular proliferation in
    the dermis.immunohistochemistry positivity for LANA1 (a
    surrogate marker for HHV-8)
    KAPOSI SARCOMA
    It is a multicentric neoplasm which may involve any part of the skin,
    mucosa or the viscera.
    In the oral cavity, Kaposi sarcoma is mostly seen in the palate, but
    may occur on the tongue or gingiva or on the posterior wall of the
    pharynx.
    It can occur at any stage of HIV infection, even in those with normal
    CD4 counts.
    Size -few mm to several centimetres.
    Treatment /management :
    local excision, liquid nitrogen, and injection of vincristine.

    Chemotherapy is a mainstay of Treatment

    DD -angioma or pyogenic granuloma

    Complications: Development of a secondary malignancy


    THANK YOU
    “Type a quote here.”

    –Johnny Appleseed

    REF- TEXTBOOK OF
    EAR ,NOSE,THROAT
    by PL Dhingra, Shruti Dhingra

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