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Tutorial 8

This document contains a tutorial on matrix algebra, calculus, and probability. It provides 9 practice problems involving calculating probabilities and distributions for random variables including the binomial, normal, Poisson, and exponential distributions. Examples include finding the mean and variance of random variables, determining probabilities of events, and sketching probability density functions.

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joshinihar19
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37 views

Tutorial 8

This document contains a tutorial on matrix algebra, calculus, and probability. It provides 9 practice problems involving calculating probabilities and distributions for random variables including the binomial, normal, Poisson, and exponential distributions. Examples include finding the mean and variance of random variables, determining probabilities of events, and sketching probability density functions.

Uploaded by

joshinihar19
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COEP Tech University

Department of Mathematics
Matrix Algebra, Calculus and Probability
Tutorial 8

(1) Find the mean and variance of the random variable X with proba-
bility function or density f (x).
a) X Number of times a fair coin is flipped until the first Head
appears(calculate µ only)
b) f (x) = 5e−5x , (x ≥ 0)
c) If the diameter X [cm] of certain bolts has the density f (x) =
k(x − 0.9)(1.1 − x) for 0.9 < x < 1.1 and 0 for other x, what are
k, µ, and σ 2 ? Sketch f (x).

(2) What is the mean life of a lightbulb whose life X[hours] has the den-
sity f (x) = 0.001e−0.001x ; x ≥ 0?

(3) Wool fibre breaking strengths are normally distributed with mean
µ = 23.56 Newtons and standard deviation, σ = 4.55. What pro-
portion of fibres would have a breaking strength of 14.45 or less?

(4) Potassium blood levels in healthy humans are normally distributed


with a mean of 17.0 mg/100 ml, and standard deviation of 1.0
mg/100 ml. Elevated levels of potassium indicate an electrolyte bal-
ance problem, such as may be caused by Addison’s disease. However,
a test for potassium level should not cause too many “false positives”.
What level of potassium should we use so that only 2.5% of healthy
individuals are classified as “abnormally high”?
(hint: The z value that cuts off the upper 2.5% of the standard nor-
mal is 1.96)

(5) Suppose that it is known that 40% of voters support the party A.
We take a random sample of 6 voters. Let the random variable Y
represent the number in the sample who support the party A.
a) Explain why the distribution of Y might be binomial.
b) Write down the probability distribution of Y as a table of prob-
abilities.
c) Find the mean and variance of Y directly from the probability
distribution.
1
d) Check your answers using the standard results E [Y ] = np and
Var [Y ] = npq.

(6) A manufacturer claims that a newly-designed computer chip is has


a 1% chance of failure because of overheating. To test their claim, a
sample of 120 chips are tested. What is the probability that at least
two chips fail on testing?

(7) The finish times for marathon runners during a race are normally
distributed with a mean of 195 minutes and a standard deviation of
25 minutes.
a) What is the probability that a runner will complete the marathon
within 3 hours?
b) Calculate to the nearest minute, the time by which the first 8%
runners have completed the marathon.
c) What proportion of the runners will complete the marathon be-
tween 3 hours and 4 hours?

(8) The probability that a driver must stop at any one traffic light com-
ing to Lincoln University is 0.2. There are 15 sets of traffic lights on
the journey.
a) What is the probability that a student must stop at exactly 2 of
the 15 sets of traffic lights?
b) What is the probability that a student will be stopped at 1 or
more of the 15 sets of traffic lights?

(9) If the light bulbs in a house fail according to a Poisson law, and over
the last 15 weeks there have been 5 failures, find the probability that
there will not be more than one failure next week.

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