Mass Weight N Density

MASS,WEIGHT AND DENSITY
MRS. JOSEPHINE D’ SILVA

MASS
 It is defined as the amount of matter or substance present in a body at rest.
 It is a property that does not change by its location,shape or speed.
 It is a scalar quantity because it has no direction.
 The SI Unit for mass is kg.
INSTRUMENTS USED TO MEASURE MASS
Sliding mass balance Or pan balance

WEIGHT
 It is the pull of gravity exerted by the earth on each and every object.
 Its direction is towards the centre of the earth.
 As it has direction and magnitude, it is a vector quantity.
 Its SI Unit is Newtons(N).
 It is a force and also know as gravitational force or gravity.
W=mg
Where W = weight(N), m=mass(kg), g=gravitational field
strength(N/kg)
 Gravitational field strength on Earth will always be

given as 9.81 N/kg or approximately 10 N/kg.
WHAT IS GRAVITATIONAL FIELD?
 The Earth’s gravity is experienced by any object near it, pulling it towards the
earth.
 The region surrounding the Earth where gravity is experienced is called the
gravitational field.  The force experienced is strongest on
the surface of the earth and gets
weaker as you move away from the
surface.
Earth is surrounded by a
gravitational field. Field
lines are drawn to
represent the gravitation
field.
GRAVITATIONAL FIELD STRENGTH
Gravitational field strength g is defined as the gravitational force acting per unit
mass on an object.
 On Earth, the gravitational field strength is
about 9.81 N kg-1
A mass of 1 kg will weigh 9.81 N on Earth.
 On Moon, the gravitational field strength is

about 1.6 N kg-1
A mass of 1 kg will weigh 1.6 N on Moon.
INSTRUMENTS USED TO MEASURE WEIGHT
 A spring balance is used to

measure weight .
 the calibration of the spring
balance can be done using
different springs.
 A hard spring is less sensitive to
changes in weight as compared
to a soft spring which is more
sensitive
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN MASS AND WEIGHT
QUESTIONS
QUESTION
 An astronaut and his spacesuit have a total mass of 120 kg.

What will be his
(i) weight on the Earth?
(ii) mass on the Moon?
(iii) weight on the Moon?
Solution: data: m = 120 kg, g on Earth = 10N/kg, g on

Moon = 1.6 N/kg
(i) W = mg; 120x10 = 1200 N.
(ii) mass on moon = 120 kg . it remains unchanged.
(iii) W = mg; 120 x1.6 = 192 N.
MEASURING VOLUME
 SI unit is meter cube or

m3 .
Measuring volume of
Solids
Regular shaped solids
have to use the right
formula of the solid to
determine its volume
VOLUME OF IRREGULAR SHAPED OBJECTS(STONE)
1) By using a measuring cylinder;
◆ Fill the cylinder with sufficient amount of water.
This is considered as initial volume (V 1)
◆Tie the object with a thin string and lower it slowly into the cylinder.
Note down the increased volume which is considered as the final volume
(V2)
◆ Volume of the object = V 2 –V1
=40-20
= 20 cm3
2) by using a Eureka can(displacement can);
◆Fill the can till the neck. place a measuring cylinder at the end of the neck.
◆Tie the object to a thin string and lower it slowly into the eureka can.
◆ The water that flows out into the cylinder is the volume of the object.
(Note: if the object does not sink in

water then you have to tie a sinker or
a small object of know mass and
volume with the object and then sink
it. In the end you have to subtract the
volume of the sinker with the volume
you get of the object )
MEASURING VOLUME OF LIQUIDS
Measuring cylinder
Pipette
Burette
Beaker
Syringe
etc
PARALLAX ERROR IN MEASURING
VOLUME IN CYLINDERS
DENSITY
 it is defined as the mass of an object present per unit volume.

 Its SI Unit is kg/m3 .
 The symbol most often used for density is ρ (the lower case Greek letter rho),
although the Latin letter D can also be used.
 Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by volume.
where  = density (in kg m-3)

 =
m
m = mass of object (in kg)
V V = volume of object (in m3)
1 g/cm3 =1000 kg/m3
TO MEASURE DENSITY OF A SUBSTANCE,
Density of regular shaped Objects; Density of irregular shaped Objects;
1. Calculate the mass using an 1. Calculate the mass using an

electronic beam balance. electronic beam balance.
2. Calculate the volume using the
2. Calculate the volume by water
formula of the object.
displacement method.
For example. Volume of a cuboid
is lxbxh. 3. Determine the density using the
3. Determine the density using the formula
formula
= m
https://youtu.be/K2fILAp5sqY
V
QUESTION
QUESTION
INERTIA
 is a property that is defined as the tendancy of an object to remain in its

state of rest or continue in its state of motion .
 Formally stating it refers to the reluctance of the object to change its state
of rest or motion.  Inertia depends on its mass .
mass is directly proportional to
inertia
if the mass of an object is large its
inertia will also be high i.e. it will
be difficult to move a heavy object
or stop a moving heavy object due
to its high inertia
Driver not wearing the seat belt.
Driver wearing the seat belt.

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MASS,WEIGHT AND DENSITY

MRS. JOSEPHINE D’ SILVA

Sliding mass balance Or pan balance

 Gravitational field strength on Earth will always be

 On Moon, the gravitational field strength is

 A spring balance is used to

 An astronaut and his spacesuit have a total mass of 120 kg.

Solution: data: m = 120 kg, g on Earth = 10N/kg, g on

 SI unit is meter cube or

(Note: if the object does not sink in

 it is defined as the mass of an object present per unit volume.

where  = density (in kg m-3)

Density of regular shaped Objects; Density of irregular shaped Objects;

1. Calculate the mass using an 1. Calculate the mass using an

 is a property that is defined as the tendancy of an object to remain in its

Driver wearing the seat belt.

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