UST-LEGAZPI

COLLEGE OF LAW

COURSE OUTLINE
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 1

I. General Considera>ons
1. Poli>cal Law
1. defini>on of poli>cal law
2. divisions of poli>cal law
Macariola vs Asuncion, 114 SCRA 77 (1982)
2. Defini>on of Cons>tu>onal law
3. Cons>tu>on
1. defini>on
2. func>on
3. classifica>on
4. essen>al quali>es
4. The Philippine Cons>tu>on
5. defini>on
6. history
7. supremacy
8. execu>ng and non-execu>ng provisions
5. Preamble
9. object and value
10. intent of framers

II. Principles and State Policies

A. principles defined
a. sec>on 1
I. state
i. defini>on
Case: Collector of internal revenue vs Campos Rueda (1971)
ii. elements
1. people
i. defini>on
1. preamble
2. art 2, secs 1, 4, 15, 16
3. art 3, secs 2, 7
4. art 7, sec 4
5. art 13, sec 1
6. art 16, sec 2
7. art 18, sec 25
2. government
i.doctrine of parens patriae
ii.de jure and de facto government
iii.pa^erns of government
Cases
US vs Dorr, (1903)
Co Kim Cham vs Valdez Tan Keh (1945)
In re: Le^er of Associate Jus>ce Puno, AM 90-11-2697 Republic vs Sandiganbayan, GR
104768
 3. sovereignty or imperium
i. dis>nguish from dominion or dominium
cases
Pp vs Gozo, Oct. 26, 1973
Lee hong kok vs David, 48 SCRA 372

4. territory (art 1)

i. the archipelagic doctrine

ii. method of determining baselines (RA 9522: The New
Law on Determining Baselines)
iii. UN Conven>on on Law the Sea (UNCLOS)
iv. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
Case: Raegan vs CIR, GR 26379
iii. inherent powers
iv. dis>nc>on from na>on
v. dis>nc>on from government
II. manifesta>ons of a democra>c and republican state
i. separa>on of powers
Case: Belgica v. Execu>ve Secretary, G.R. No. 208566, November 19, 2013
ii. principle of blending of powers
iii. principle of checks and balances
iv. immunity from suit: royal preroga>ve of dishonesty
Cases
Rallos v. City of Cebu, G.R. No. 202651, August 28, 2013
Arigo v. Swie, G.R. No. 206510, September 16, 2014
SM Land, Inc. v. Bases Conversion and Development Authority, G. R. No. 203655, March
18, 2015
SM Land, Inc. v. Bases Conversion and Development Authority, G.R. No. 203655,
September 7, 2015

2. sec>on 2: the doctrine of incorpora>on Cases

Deutsche Bank AG Manila Branch v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, G.R. No. 188550,
August 19, 2013
Arigo v. Swie, G.R. No. 206510, September 16, 2014
Bank of the Philippine Islands v. Guevarra, G.R. No. 167052, March 11, 2015 Republic of
the Philippines v. Mupas, G.R. No. 181892, September 8, 2015

3. sec>on 3: civilian supremacy over the military

I. relate to Art 7, sec 18
Case: Imbong v. Ochoa, G.R. No. 204819, April 11, 2014 IBP vs Zamora, GR 141284
4. sec>on 4: prime duty of the government/ci>zens’ personal military or civil
service
5. sec>on 5: maintenance of peace and order, protec>on of life, liberty and
property
6. sec>on 6: separa>on of church and state
I. relate to art 3, Sec 5; art 9-c, sec 2(5); art 6, secs 5(2), 29(2) B. state policies defined
1. sec>ons 7 & 8: independent foreign policy and nuclear-free philippines
2. sec>on 9: social order
3. sec>on 10
I. promo>on of social jus>ce
II. defini>on of social jus>ce
i. under the 1973 cons>tu>on
 ii. under the 1987 cons>tu>on
Cases
Manila Water Company v. del Rosario, G.R. No. 188747, January 29, 2014 Goodyear
Philippines, Inc. v. Angus, G.R. No. 185449, November 12, 2014 Reyes v. Glaucoma
Research Founda>on, Inc., G.R. No. 189255, June 17, 2015 Centro Project Manpower
Services Corpora>on v. Naluis, G.R. No. 160123, June
17, 2015
Ilaw Buklod ng Manggagawa (IBM) Nestle Philippines Inc. Chapter (Ice Cream
and Chilled Products Division) v. Nestle Philippines, Inc., G.R. No. 198675, September 23,
2015

4. sec>on 11: personal dignity and human rights

5. sec>on 12: the family
6. sec>on 13: vital role of the youth
Cases
Rosaldes v. People, G.R. No. 173988, October 8, 2014 People v. Ancajas, G.R. No.
199270, October 21, 2015
7. sec>on 14: equality of women and men Cases
Dabalos v. Regional Trial Court, G.R. No. 193960, January 7, 2013 Garcia v. Drilon, G.R.
No. 179267, June 25, 2013
8. sec>on 15: right to health
I. relate to art 3, sec 13
9. sec>on 16: right to balanced and healthful ecology Cases: Oposa vs Factoran, GR
101083
LLDA vs CA, GR 110120
Tano vs Socarates, GR 110249
10. sec>on 17: priority to educa>on, science, technology, arts, culture and sports
11. sec>on 18: labor
12. sec>on 19: self-reliance
13. sec>on 20: role of private sector
14. sec>on 21: comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform
15. sec>on 22: indigenous cultural community
16. sec>on 23: community-based private organiza>on (Art 13)
17. sec>on 24: communica>on and informa>on (Art 16)
18. sec>on 25: autonomy of local government
Case: Belgica v. Execu>ve Secretary, G.R. No. 208566, November 19, 2013
19. sec>on 26: equal access of opportuni>es for public service Case: Pamatong vs
COMELEC, GR 161872
20. sec>on 27 & 28: honesty and integrity in public service (Art. 11) Case: Chavez vs
PEA, GR 133250

III. The Legisla>ve Department (Art VI)

A. The Legisla>ve Power
1. defini>on
2. where vested
i. excep>ons
1. ini>a>ve
2. referendum
Case: Garcia vs COMELEC, GR 111230
3. non-delegability
i. excep>on: permissible delega>on
1. delega>on to the power of the president
1. tariff powers
 2. emergency powers
2. delega>on to the people
3. delega>on to local government
4. delega>on to administra>ve bodies
a. test of delega>on
i. completeness test
ii. sufficiency test
Cases: Commissioner of Customs v. Hypermix Feeds Corpora>on, G.R. No.
179579, February 1, 2012
Bureau of Customs Employees Associa>on v. Teves, G.R. No. 181704, December 6, 2011
Garcia v. Drilon, G. R. No. 179267, June 25, 2013
Belgica v. Execu>ve Secretary, G.R. No. 208566, November 19, 2013 Vivas v. The
Monetary Board, G.R. No. 191424, August 7, 2013 Imbong v. Ochoa, G.R. No. 204819,
April 11, 2014
Robosa v. NLRC - G.R. No. 176085, February 8, 2012
Monetary Board v. Philippine Veterans Bank, G.R. No. 189571, January 21, 2015 Sps.
Sinamban v. China Banking Corpora>on, G.R. 193890, March 11, 2015
Go v. Bureau of Immigra>on and Deporta>on, G.R. No. 191810, June 22, 2015
Department of Health v. Philip Morris Philippines Manufacturing, Inc., G.R. No. 202943,
March 25, 2015
Cawad v. Abad, G.R. No. 207145, July 28, 2015
Securi>es and Exchange Commission v. Universal Righmield Property Holding, Inc., G.R.
No. 181381, July 20, 2015
Lexber, Inc. v. Dalman, G.R. No. 183587, April 20, 2015
San Lorenzo Ruiz Builders and Developers Group, Inc. v. Bayang, G.R. No. 194702, April
20, 2015
Besaga v. Sps. Acosta, G.R. No. 194061, April 20, 2015
Clark Investors and Locators Associa>on v. Secretary of Finance, G.R. No. 200670, July 6,
2015
Carolino v. Senga, G.R. No. 189649, April 20, 2015
Assis>o v. People, G.R. No. 200465, April 20, 2015
United Overseas Bank of the Philippines v. The Board of Commissioners- HLURB, No.
182133, June 23, 2015
Con>nental Micronesia, Inc. v. Basso, G.R. No. 178382-83, September 23, 2015 Securi>es
and Exchange Commission v. Laigo, G.R. No. No. 188639, September 2, 2015
Unduran v. Aberasturi, G.R. No. 181284, October 20 2015
Smart Communica>ons, Inc. v Solidum, G.R. No. 197763, December 7, 2015 Pilipinas
Total Gas v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, G. R. No. 207112, December 8, 2015

B. Congress
a. composi>on

C. The Senate
1. composi>on
2. qualifica>ons of a senator
Cases: Jalosjos v. Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 193314, June 25, 2013
Jalover v. de la Pena, G.R. No. 209286, September 23, 2014
Caballero v. Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 209835, September 22, 2015
3. term and tenure of office

D. The House of Representa>ves a. composi>on

i. district representa>ves
ii. party-list representa>ves (RA 7941)
Cases: Coali>on of Associa>ons of Senior Ci>zens in the Philippines v. Commission on
Elec>ons, G.R. Nos. 206844-45, July 23, 2013
Coali>on of Associa>ons of Senior Ci>zens in the Philippines v. Commission on Elec>ons,
G.R. Nos. 206844-45, July 23, 2013
COCOFED v. Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 207026, August 6, 2013 Alliance for
Na>onalism and Democracy (ANAD) v. Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 206987,
September 10, 2013
Abang Lingkod Party-List v. Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 206952, October 22, 2013
Lico v. Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 205505, September 29, 2015
b. appor>onment
i. gerrymandering
Cases: Tobias vs Abalos, GR L-114783
Mariano vs COMELEC, GR 118577
Montejo vs COMELEC, GR 179271

c. qualifica>ons
i. ci>zenship
ii. age
iii. residence
Case: Jalover v. de la Pena, G.R. No. 209286, September 23, 2014

d. terms of office
Case: Naval v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 207851, July 8, 2014

E. Common Provisions for both Chambers

1. elec>on and filling vacancies
i. regular
ii. special
Cases: Codilla vs De Venecia, GR 150605
Tolen>no vs COMELEC, GR 148334
2. salaries
Case: Phiconsa vs. Mathay, 18 SCRA 300 (1966) Ligot vs. Mathay, 56 SCRA 823 (1974)
3. privileges
i. immunity from arrest
ii. privilege of speech
Cases: Pp vs Jalosjos, Feb.3, 2000 Jimenez vs Cabangbang, GR L-15905
Antonio vs Valencia, GR L- 26526
4. disqualifica>on and other prohibi>ons
i. incompa>ble office
ii. forbidden office
Case: Puyat vs De guzman (1982)
Adaza vs Pacana, Jr. 135 SCRA 431 (1985)
5. sessions
i. regular
ii. special
iii. joint
6. recess/adjournment
7. officers
8. quorum
9. rules of proceedings

i. discipline of members Cases

Avelino vs Cuenco, GR L-2821
San>ago vs Guingona, GR 134577 Arroyo et al., vs De Venecia, GR 127255 Osmena vs
Pendatun (1960)
Paredes vs Sandiganbayan, GR118364

F. Legisla>ve Journal and other Congressional Records a. record and books of account
i. records and books of account
ii. legisla>ve journal
1. entries
2. enrolled bill theory
3. journal entry vs enrolled bill
Cases
US vs Pons (1916)
Casco vs Gimenez, 7 SCRA 347, (1963) Astorga vs Villegas, 56 SCRA 714
iii. congressional records

G. Electoral Tribunal
a. composi>on
b. power: iden>ty separate from congress
Cases Tanada v. Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. Nos. 207199-200, October 22, 2013
Lico v. Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 205505, September 29, 2015
Abbas vs. SET, 166 SCRA 651 (1988)
Sampayan vs Daza, 213 SCRA 807 (1992)
Bondoc vs Pineda, 201 SCRA 792 (1991)
Pena vs. HRET, G.R. No. 123037, March 21, 1997 Guerrero v. Comelec, G.R. No. 137004
(July 26, 2000) Codilla v. De Venecia, G.R. 150605, December 10, 2002

H. Commission on Appointments
1. composi>on
2. powers: iden>ty separate from congress Cases
Daza vs Singson (1989)
Coseteng vs Mitra 187 SCRA 377 Guingona Jr vs Gonzales, GR 106971 Cunanan v. Tan, 5
SCRA 1 (1962)
of Congress

I. Powers
a. general legisla>ve powers
i. limita>ons
1. substan>ve
a. express
b. implied 2. procedural
a. >tle of law: One subject, one >tle
Cases
Nagkakaisang Maralita ng Si>o Masigasig, Inc. v. Military Shrine Services, G.R. No.
187587, June 5, 2013
Securi>es and Exchange Commission v. Laigo, G.R. No. No. 188639, September 2, 2015
Tio vs Videogram Regulatory Board, 151 SCRA 208
Lidasan vs. Comelec, 21 SCRA 479 (1967)
Demetria vs. Alba, 148 SCRA 208 (1987)
Guingona vs. Caraque, 196 SCRA 221 (1991)
Tolen>no vs. Sec. of Finance, G.R. 115455, Aug. 25, 1994
Philconsa vs. Enriquez, G.R. 113105, August 19, 1994
Abakada Guro v. Ermita, G.R. No. 168207, October 18, 2005
Lung Center v. Q. C., G.R. No. 144104. June 29, 2004
Tan v. Del Rosario, 237 SCRA 324 (2000)
Garcia v. Execu>ve Secretary, 211 SCRA 219 (1992)
John Hay PAC v. Lim, G.R. No. 119775, October 24, 2003
2. schedule of readings
3. legisla>ve process
i. requirements
1. riders
2. house of origin
ii. procedure
1. bicameral conference commi^ee

iii. approval of bills

1. signed by the president
2. vetoed by the president, congress overrides veto
3. failure to act 30 days aeer transmi^al
Cases
Tolen>no v. Secretary of Finance, supra
Philconsa v. Enriquez, supra
Gonzales vs Macaraig. G.R. No. 87636, Nov. 19, 1990 Bengzon vs Drilon, 208 SCRA 133
(1992)
INS v. Chadha, 462 U.S. 919 (1983)
Bowsher v. Synar, 476 U.S. 714 (1986)
Miller vs. Mardo, 2 SCRA 898 (1961)

d. power of appropria>on

i. defini>on
Cases
Belgica v. Execu>ve Secretary, G.R. No. 208566, November 19, 2013
Technical Educa>on and Skills Development Authority v. The Commission on Audit, G.R.
No. 196418, February 10, 2015
Jacomille v. Abaya, G.R. No. 212381, April 22, 2015
Daraga Press, Inc. v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 201042, June 16, 2015
Araullo v. Aquino, G.R. No. 209287, July 1, 2014

ii. classifica>on
1. general appropria>on la
2. special appropria>on laws
3. limita>ons
Cases
Araullo v. Aquino, G.R. No. 209287, July 1, 2014
Araullo v. Aquino, G.R. No. 209287, February 3, 2015
Goh v. Bayron and COMELEC, G.R. No. 212584, November 25, 2014

e. power of taxa>on
i. policy
ii. limita>ons
1. special fund
Cases
Swedish Match Philippines, Inc. v. The Treasurer of the City of Manila, G.R. No. 181277,
July 3, 2013
Mactan-Cebu Interna>onal Airport Authority v. City of Lapu-Lapu, G.R. No. 181756, June
15, 2015

f. power of legisla>ve inves>ga>on

i. limita>ons
Cases
Senate v. Ermita, G.R. No. 169777, April 20, 2006
Sabio, v. Gordon, et al. - G.R. No. 174340, October 17, 2006
Armault vs. Nazareno, 87 Phil. 29 (1950)
Armault vs., Balagtas, 97 Phil. 358 (1955)
Bengzon vs. Sen. Blue Rib. Comm., 203 SCRA 767 (1991)

g. ques>on hour
h. war powers
i. power to act as board of canvassers in elec>on of president
Cases
Pimentel v. Joint Com., G.R. No. 163783. June 22, 2004
Brillantes v. Comelec, G.R. No. 163193. June 15, 2004
j. power to call a special elec>on for president and vice president
k. power to judge president’s physical fitness to discharge the func>ons of the
presidency
l. power to revoke or extend suspension of privilege of writ of habeas corpus or
declara>on
of mar>al law
m. power to concur in presiden>al amnes>es
n. power to concur in trea>es and interna>onal agreements
Case Pimentel v. Execu>ve Secretary, G.R. No. 158988, July 6, 2005
o. power of impeachment
Cases:
Francisco v. House of Rep., G.R. No. 160261, Nov.10, 2003
Nixon v. U.S., 113 S. CT. 733 (1933)
p. power rela>ve to small scale u>liza>on of natural resources
q. power to propose amendments to the cons>tu>on

J. Other Cons>tu>onal Provisions

a. ban on increasing the appellate jurisdic>on of supreme court

b. ban on royal >tles

VI. The Execu>ve Department

1. The President
1. qualifica>ons
2. execu>ve immunity Cases
Beltran vs. Macasiar, G.R. 82585, November 14, 1998
Gloria v. CA, G.R. No. 119903, August 15, 2000
Estrada v. Desierto, G.R. No. 146710-15, March 2, 2001
Nixon v. Fitgerald, 457 U.S. 731 (1982)
Harlow v. Fitgerald, 457 U.S. 800 (1982)
Clinton v. Jones, 117 S. Ct. 1636 (1997)
3. official residence
2. The Vice-President
a. qualifica>ons
 b. vacancy

3. Common Provisions to both Offices

a. term/elec>ons/canvassing procedure
b. prohibi>ons/inhibi>ons
Case: Espiritu v. del Rosario, G.R. No. 204964, October 15, 2014
CLU vs. Exec. Secretary, 194 SCRA 317 (1991)
Cruz v. COA, G.R. No. 138489, Nov. 29, 2001
NAC v. COA. G.R. 156982, September 8, 2004
c. rules on succession
i.temporary and permanent vacancy
ii.beginning of term
iii.during the term
Case: Estrada v. Arroyo, G.R. No. 146738, March 2, 2001

4. Powers of the Presidency

a. execu>ve power Cases:
Republic of the Philippines v. Bayao, G.R. No. 179492, June 5, 2013
Resident Marine Mammals of the Protected Seascape Tanon Strait, e.g., Toothed
Whales, Dolphins, Porpoises, and other Cetacean Species, Joined in and Represented
herein by Human Beings v. Reyes, G.R. No. 180771, April 21, 2015
Laurel vs. Garcia, G.R. No. 92013, July 25, 1990
Marcos vs. Manglapus, 178 SCRA 760 (1989)
DENR v. DENR Empl., G.R. No. 149725, August 19, 2003
b. power of appointment
i. special limita>ons
1. appointment of family members and rela>ves
2. appointment made by ac>ng president
3. appointment two months immediately before the next presiden>al
elec>ons and up to the end of the term
Cases
Velicaria-Garafil v. Office of the President, G.R. No. 203372, June 16, 2015
The Provincial Government of Aurora v. Marco, G.R. No. 202331, April 22, 2015
Bermudez v. Torres, G.R. No. 131429, August 4, 1999

5. The Military Powers

1. commander-in-chief
2. suspension of writ of habeas corpus
3. mar>al law
Case: Yusay v. Segui, G.R. No. 193652, August 5, 2014 IBP v. Zamora, G.R. No. 141284,
August 15, 2000 Sanlakas v. Exec. Sec., G.R. No. 159085. Feb. 3, 2004 Aquino v. Enrile, 59
SCRA 183 (1974)
Olaquer vs. MC No. 4, 150 SCRA 144 (1987)
Navales v. Abaya, G.R. No. 162318, October 25, 2004 Lansang vs. Garcia, 42 SCRA 448
(1971)
In Re De Villa, G.R. No. 158802, November 17, 2004 David v. Arroyo, G.R. No. 171390,
May 3, 2006

6. The Pardoning Power

a. execu>ve clemency in general
Cases
i. pardon
ii. commuta>on
iii. parole iv. amnesty
Risos-Vidal v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 206666, January 21, 2015 Maruhom v. People, G.R. No.
206513, October 20, 2015

7. The Borrowing Power Cases

Constan>no v. Cuisia, G.R. No. 106064, October 13, 2005

8. The Diploma>c Power

a. treaty vs execu>ve agreement Cases
People's Movement vs. Manglapus, September 13, 1988
Comm. of Customs vs. Easter Sea, 3 SCRA 351 (1961)

9. Budgetary Power

10. The Informing Power

a. state of the na>on

11. Other powers

a. call congress to a special session

b. power to approve or veto bills
c. consent to depu>es of government personnel by COMELEC
d. discipline such depu>es
e. emergency powers and tariff powers as delegated by congress
f. general supervision over local governments and autonomous regional governments

Cases:

Espiritu v. del Rosario, G.R. No. 204964, October 15, 2014

Abad v. De la Cruz, G.R. No. 207422, March 18, 2015

V. The Judicial Department (Art VIII)

1. judicial power
Case: Daabay v. Coca-Cola Bo^lers Phils., Inc., G.R. No. 199890, August 19, 2013
Miranda v. Aguirre, G.R. No. 133064, September 16, 1999

2. fiscal autonomy
Cases
In The Ma^er of Save the Supreme Court Judicial Independence and Fiscal Autonomy
Movement v. Aboli>on of Judiciary Development Fund (JDF) And Reduc>on of Fiscal
Autonomy, UDK-15143, January 21, 2015
Mari>me Industry Authority v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 185812, January 13, 2015
Araullo v. Aquino, G.R. No. 209287, February 3, 2015

3. The Supreme Court

a. composi>on
b. cons>tu>onal challenge of trea>es and laws
Cases
Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. San Roque Power Corpora>on, G.R. No. 187485,
October 8, 2013
Mirallosa v. Carmel Development, Inc., G.R. No. 194538, November 27, 2013
Belgica v. Execu>ve Secretary, G.R. No. 208566, November 19, 2013
SameerOverseas Placement Agency, Inc. v. Cabiles, G.R. No. 170139, August 5, 2014
Go v. Bureau of Immigra>on, G.R. No. 191810, June 22, 2015
Araullo v. Aquino, G.R. No. 209287, February 3, 2015
Film Development Council of the Philippines v. Colon Heritage Realty Corpora>on, G.R.
No. 203754, June 16, 2015
Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Puregold Duty Free, Inc., G.R. No. 202789, June 22,
2015 Central Bank Employees Associa>on v. Bangko Sentral, G.R. No. 148208, December
15, 2004 Luz Farms v. Secretary of Agrarian Reform, G.R. No. 86889, December 4, 1990

c. en banc/division cases Cases

Secretary of the Department of Public Works and Highways v. Sps. Tecson, G.R. No.
179334, April 21, 2015
SM Land, Inc. v. Bases Conversion and Development Authority, G.R. No. 203655,
September 7, 2015

4. powers
1. Poli>cal Ques>ons
Cases
Vinuya v. Execu>ve Secretary, G.R. No. 162230, August 13, 2014
In The Ma^er of Save the Supreme Court Judicial Independence and Fiscal Autonomy
Movement v. Aboli>on of Judiciary Development Fund (JDF) And Reduc>on of Fiscal
Autonomy, UDK-15143, January 21, 2015
2. Temporary assignment of judges
3. order change of venue
4. rule-making power
Cases
Re: Le^er dated April 18, 2011 of Chief Public A^orney Persida Rueda-Costa Reques>ng
Exemp>on from the Payment of Sheriff’s Expenses, A.M. 11-10-03-0, July 30, 2013
Republic v. Uy, G.R. No. 198010, August 12, 2013
Yusay v. Segui, G.R. No. 193652, August 5, 2014
Bureau of Customs v. Devanadera, G.R. No. 193253, September 8, 2015 Carpio-Morales
v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 217126-27, November 10, 2015
5. power of administra>ve supervision
Cases:
Request for Guidance/Clarifica>on on Sec>on 7, Rule III of Republic Act No. 10154
Requiring Re>ring Government Employees to Secure a Clearance of Pendency/Non-
pendency of Case/s from the Civil Service Commission, A.M. No. 13-09-08-SC, October 1,
2013
Mamiscal v. Clerk of Court, A.M. No. SCC-13-18-J, July 1, 2015
6. qualifica>ons
7. judicial and bar council
Cases
Jardeleza v. Sereno, G.R. No. 213181, August 19, 2014
Villanueva v. Judicial and Bar Council, G.R. No. 211833, April 7, 2015 Gonzales v. Serrano.
G.R. No. 175433, March 11, 2015
Sarmiento vs. Mison, 156 SCRA 549 (1987)
Concepcion-Bau>sta vs. Salonga, 172 SCRA 160 (1989)
Calderon vs. Carale, G.R. No. 91636, April 23, 1992
Manalo v. Sistoza, G.R. 107369, August 11, 1999
Soriano v. Lista, G.R. No. 153881, March 24, 2003
8. power of appointment
9. salary
Case: Nitafan vs. CIR, 152 SCRA 284 (1987)
10. tenure
Cases
Que v. Revilla, A.C. No.7054, November 11, 2014
Re: Le^er of Court of Appeals Jus>ce Vicente S.E. Veloso for En>tlement to Longevity Pay
for His Services as Commission Member III of the Na>onal Labor Rela>ons Commission,
A.M. No. 12-8-07-CA, June 16, 2015
Zoleta v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 185244, July 29, 2015
Re: Decision dated 17 March 2011 in Criminal Case No. SB-2836 en>tled People of the
Philippines v. Joselito C. Barrozo, A.C. No. 10207, July 21, 2015
11. prohibited designa>on
12. consulta>on/decisions (>me frame)
Cases
Re: Complaint dated January 28, 2014 of Wenefredo Parreno, OCA IPI No. 14-220-CA-J,
March 17, 2015
Office of the Court Administrator v. Re>red Judge Filemon A. Tandinco, A.M.. No. MTJ-
10-1760
Deutsche Bank AG Manila Branch v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, G.R. No. 188550,
August 19, 2013
Republic v. Cortez, G.R. No. 197472, September 7, 2015
Ola v. People, G.R. No. 195547, December 2, 2015
Valladolid vs. Inciong, 121 SCRA 205 (1992)
Nunal vs. COA, 169 SCRA 356 (1989)
People v. Bugarin, 273 SCRA 384 (1996)
Hernandez v. Court of Appeals, 228 SCRA 429 (1993) Yao v. CA, G.R. No. 132428, October
24, 2000
Dizon v. Judge Lopez, A.M. 96-1338, September 5, 1997
Asiavest v. CA, G.R. No. 110263, July 20, 2001
13. annual report
14. cons>tu>onal safeguards to insure dependence of judiciary

VIII. Cons>tu>onal Commission (Art IX)

A. common provision
a. composi>on
b. aspects of independence
c. disqualifica>on/independence
Case: Funa v. The Chairman, Civil Service Commission, G.R. No. 191672, November 25,
2014
d. decisions
Case: City Government of Maka> v. Odena, G.R. No. 191661, August 13, 2013

B. the civil service commission

a. composi>on and term of office
b. objec>ves/func>ons
c. scope of civil service
d. classes of service
i. career
ii. non-career
e. appointments in civil service i. qualifica>ons
1. excep>ons
a. policy-determining
b. primarily confiden>al
c. highly technical
Cases
Buena v. Benito, G.R. No. 181760, October 14, 2014
Abad v. De la Cruz, G.R. No. 207422, March 18, 2015
Seneres v. Sabido, G.R. No. 172902, October 21, 2015
The Provincial Government of Camarines Norte v. Gonzales, G.R. No. 185740, July 23,
2013

iii. disqualifica>on/inhibi>ons

Cases
Posadas v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 168951 & 169000, July 17, 2013

iv. rights and security of tenure

Cases
Pat-og v. Civil Service Commission, G.R. No. 198755, June 5, 2013
Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corpora>on v. Marquez, G.R. No. 191877,
June 18, 2013
Dimapilis-Baldoz v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 199114, July 16, 2013
The Provincial Government of Camarines Norte v. Gonzales, G.R. No. 185740, July 23,
2013
CAAP Employees’ Union v. CAAP, G.R. No. 190120, November 11, 2014 Davao City Water
District v. Aranjuez, G. R. No. 194192, June 16, 2015 Ca>pon v. Japson, G.R. No. 191787,
June 22, 2015
CAAP Employees’ Union v. CAAP, G.R. No. 190120, November 11, 2014 Seneres v. Sabido,
G.R. No. 172902, October 21, 2015

v. right to self-organiza>on
Cases
Davao City Water District v. Aranjuez, G.R. No. 194192, June 16, 2015
vi. protec>on to temporary employees

vii. standardiza>on of compensa>on

viii. double compensa>on
Cases
Ocampo v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 188716, June 10, 2013
Na>onal Transmission Corpora>on v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 204800,
October 14, 2014
Na>onal Transmission Commission v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 204800,
October 14, 2014
Mari>me Industry Authority v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 185812, January
13, 2015
ix. oath of allegiance

C. the commission on elec>ons

a. composi>on and qualifica>ons of members
b. powers
i. general powers
1. nature
2. power to annul
3. power to call special elec>on
ii. exclusive original jurisdic>on
1. limita>ons
iii. exclusive appellate jurisdic>on
 1. power to issue writs of cer>orari, mandamus and prohibi>on
2. execu>on pending appeal
iv. adjudicatory func>on
v. registra>on of par>es
vi. exclusive and sole preroga>ve to prosecute viola>ons of elec>on laws
vii. recommendatory powers
c. decision-making procedure
i. decision of elec>on contests
Cases
Garcia v. Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 216691, July 21, 2015
Villarosa v. Fes>n and Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 212953, August 5, 2014
Legaspi v. Commission on Elec>ons, G. R. No. 216572, September 1, 2015 De Jesus vs.
People, 120 SCRA 760 (1983)
People vs. Judge In>ng, 187 SCRA 788 (1990)
Baytan v. Comelec, G.R. No. 153945, February 4, 2003
ii. decision of administra>ve ques>ons Cases
Romeo Jalosjos v. The Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 205033, June 18, 2013
Querubin v. Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 218787, December 8, 2015 Guevarra v.
Comelec, 104 Phil 269 (1968)
Jaramilla v. Comelec, G.R. No. 155717, October 23, 2003
d. elec>on
i. period
Case: Aquino v. Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 211789-90, March 17, 2015
iii. failure of elec>on
iv. funding
D. the commission on audit
1. composi>on and term
2. powers and func>ons
i. general audit
ii. post audit
iii. special audit
Cases
Ocampo v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 188716, June 10, 2013
Dimapilis-Baldoz v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 199114, July 16, 2013
Re: Applica>on for Survivorship Benefits, A.M. No. 14155-Ret., November 19, 2013
Mari>me Industry Authority v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 185812, January 13, 2015
Technical Educa>on and Skills Development Authority v. The Commission on Audit, G.R.
No. 196418, February 10, 2015
The Law Firm of Laguesma, etc. v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 185544, January 13,
2015
Daraga Press, Inc. v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 201042, June 16, 2015
Silang v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 213189, September 8, 2015
Almadovar v. Chairperson Ma. Gracia M. Pulido-Tan, Commission on Audit, G.R. 213330,
November 16, 2015
DBP v. COA, 231 SCRA 202, (1994)
Sambeli vs. Province of Isabela, 210 SCRA 80 (1992)
Albert v. COA, G.R. No. No. 126537, March 6, 2001
Bustamante v. COA, 216 SCRA 164 (1992)
DBP v. COA, G.R. No. 88435, January 16, 2002
3. report

IX. Local Government (Art. X)

1. general
 1.territorial and poli>cal subdivisions/local autonomy
2.local government code
3.power of the president: general supervision
4.powers/rights of local government units
i. power to create own source of revenues
ii. share in na>onal taxes
iii. share in natural resources
iv. local groupings
5. term of office of elec>ve officials
6. sectoral representa>on
7. crea>ons, aboli>on, mergers of LGUs
8. special metropolitan poli>cal subdivisions
9. classifica>on of ci>es
10. regional development councils
2. autonomous regions
1. two autonomous regions: muslim Mindanao and cordilleras
2. powers of the president
3. powers not given to autonomous regions
4. enactment of organic act/crea>on of autonomous region
5. powers granted by organic act
6. peace and order/na>onal defense

Cases
Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, G.R. No. 196271, October 18, 2011
Boracay Founda>on, Inc. v. The Province of Aklan, G.R. No. 196870, June 26, 2012 Social
Jus>ce Society v. A>enza, G.R. No. 156052, February 13, 2008
Rimando v. Naguilian Emission Tes>ng Center, G.R. No. 198860, July 23, 2012
Heirs of Dr. Jose De!este v. Land Bank of the Philippines, G. R. No. 169913, 8 June 2011
Jamar M. Kulayan, et al. vs. Gov. Abdusakur M. Tan etc., et al., G.R. No. 187298, July 3,
2012 Vicencio v. Villar, G.R. No. 182069, July 3, 2012
Ambil v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 175457, July 6, 2011
New Sun Valley Homeowners’ Associa>on, Inc. v. Sangguniang Barangay, Barangay Sun
Valley, G.R. No. 156686, July 27, 2011
Republic of the Philippines v. City of Paranaque, G.R. No. 191109, July 18, 2012
COMELEC v. Cruz, G.R. No. 186616, November 20, 2009
Abundo v. Commission on Elec>ons, G.R. No. 201716, January 8, 2013
Navarro v. Ermita, G.R. No. 180050, April 12, 2011
The Province of North Cotabato v. The Government of the Republic of the Philippines
Peace Panel on Ancestral Domain, G.R. No. 183591, October 14, 2008
Ruzol v. Sandiganbayan, G. R. Nos. 186739-960, April 17, 2013
Valcurza v. Tamparong, G.R. No. 189874, September 4, 2013
Ferrer v. Bau>sta, G.R. No. 210551, June 30, 2015
Demaala v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 199752, February 17, 2015
Film Development Council of the Philippines v. Colon Heritage Realty Corpora>on, G.R.
No. 203754, June 16, 2015
Batangas City v. Pilipinas Shell Petroleum Philippines, G.R. No. 187631, July 8, 2015
Naval v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 207851, July 8, 2014
Aquino v. Municipality of Malay, Aklan, G.R. No. 211356, September 29, 2014

X. Accountability of public officers (Art XI)

1. Nature of public office
2. impeachable officers
3. ini>a>on of impeachment/impeachment rules
a. where vested: House of Representa>ves
b. requisites/limita>ons
Case: Gonzales v. Office of the President, G.R. No. 196231, September 4, 2012
4. the Sandiganbayan
5. the ombudsman/officials and employees
1. the ombudsman and the tanodbayan
2. qualifica>ons
Case
Gonzales v. Office of the President, G.R. No. 196231, September 4, 2012
Gonzales v. Office of the President, G.R. No. 196231, January 28, 2014, Resolu>on on
Mo>on for Reconsidera>on; see Concurring and Dissen>ng Opinion of J. Leonen. PCGG
v. Ombudsman, G.R. No. 206357, November 12, 2014
3. appointment and rank
4. term of office
5. powers
Cases
Ampil v. Office of the Ombudsman, G.R. No. 192685, July 31, 2013
Busuego v. Office of the Ombudsman Mindanao, G.R. No. 196842, October 9, 2013
People v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 185729-32, June 26, 2013
Orais v. Almirante, G.R. No. 181195, June 10, 2013
Office of the Ombudsman v. de Chavez, G.R. No. 172206, July 3, 2013
Dagan v. Office of the Ombudsman, G.R. No. 184083, November 19, 2013
People v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 188165, December 11, 2013
Ombudsman v. de los Reyes, G.R. No. 208976, October 13, 2014
Bueno v. Office of the Ombudsman, G.R. No. 191712, September 17, 2014
Office of the Ombudsman v. Valencerina, G.R. No. 178343, July 14, 2014
14
Carpio-Morales v. Court of Appeals. G.R. No. 217126-27, November 10, 2015 Bueno v.
Office of the Ombudsman, G.R. No. 191712, September 17, 2014 Ciron v. Gu>errez, G.R.
No. 194339-41, April 20, 2015
Gonzales v. Serrano. G.R. No. 175433, March 11, 2015
Aguinaldo v. Ventus, G.R. No. 176033, March 11, 2015
Office of the Ombudsman v. Valencerina, G.R. No. 178343, July 14, 2014 Office of the
Ombudsman v. Castro, G.R. No. 172637, April 22, 2015 Carpio-Morales v. Court of
Appeals, G.R. No. 217126-27, November 10, 2015 Ledesma v. CA, G.R. 161629, July 29.
2005
Ombudsman v. Madriaga, G.R. No. 164316, September 27, 2006
6. recovery of ill-go^en wealth
7. prohibi>ons and obliga>ons

XI. Na>onal Economy and Patrimony (Art XII)

1. the na>onal economy: goals
Case: Bureau of Fisheries v. Commission on Audit, G.R. No. 169815, August 13,
2008
2. development of natural resources
1. regalian doctrine
Cases
Republic of the Philippines v. Imperial Credit Corpora>on, G.R. No. 173088, June 25,
2008
Secretary of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources v. Yap, G.R. No.
167707, October 8, 2008
Republic v. Munoz, G.R. No. 151910, October 15, 2007
Heirs of Mario Malabanan v. Republic of the Philippines, G.R. No. 179987, April 29, 2009
Republic of the Philippines v. Hanover Worldwide Trading Corpora>on, G.R. No. 172102,
July 2, 2010
Republic of the Philippines v. Roche, G.R. No. 175846, July 6, 2010
Secretary of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources v. Yap, G.R. Nos.
167707 and 173775, October 8, 2008, 568 SCRA 164, 192
Republic v. de la Paz, G.R. No. 171631, November 15, 2010
Republic of the Philippines v. T.A.N. Proper>es, G.R. No. 154953, June 26, 2008 Republic
v. Ching, G.R. No. 186166, October 20, 2010
Land Bank of the Philippines v. Republic of the Philippines, G.R. No. 150824, February 4,
2008
Mercado v. Valley Mountain Mines Explora>on, Inc., G.R. No. 141019, November 23,
2011
Valiao v. Republic of the Philippines, G.R. No. 170757, November 28, 2011
Aranda v. Republic of the Philippines, G.R. No. 172331, August 24, 2011
Republic v. Sps. Benigno, G.R. No. 205492, March 11, 2015
Republic v. Lualha>, G.R. No. 183511, March 25, 2015
Republic of the Philippines v. Dayaoen, G.R. No. 200773, July 8, 2015
Republic v. Cortez, G.R. No. 197472, September 7, 2015
2. limits imposed on jura regalia
3. filipiniza>on of natural resources
4. aliena>on of natural resources
5. u>liza>on of natural resources
3. land of the public domain
a. classifica>on
b. disposi>on and exploita>on of agricultural lands of public domain
c. right of corpora>on to acquire land
d. acquisi>on by private individuals
4. forest lands and na>onal parks a. safeguards
5. rights of indigenous cultural communi>es a. ancestral lands
6. social character of property
a. free private enterprise
7. capacity to acquire private lands a. condi>on
8. former Filipinos
1. private lands
Cases
Borromeo v. Descallar, G.R. No. 159310, February 24, 2009
Ho v. Gui, G.R. No. 130115, July 16, 2008
Muller v. Muller, 500 SCRA 65
Hulst v. PR Builders, Inc., G.R. No. 156364, September 25, 2008
Republic of the Philippines v. Register of Deeds of Roxas City, G.R. No. 158230, July 16,
2008
Espina v. Zamora, G.R. No. 143855, September 21, 2010
2. aliens and private lands
cases: Ramirez vs Vda. de Ramirez, 1982
Republic vs CA, GR 108998
3. recovery of invalidly sold private land
Case: Halili vs CA GR 113539
Frenzel vs Ca>to, GR 143958
4. right of former filipinos

9. economic planning agency

a. role of NEDA
10. Filipiniza>on of investments
a. foreign investments
Case: GArcis vs Board of Investment, GR 92024
b. na>onalism
Case: Manila Prince Hotel vs GSIS, GR 122156 Tanada vs Angara, GR 118295
11. franchises
1. public u>li>es
2. limita>ons cases
Albano vs Reyes, 1989
Tatad vs Garcia, GR 114222
Assoc. Communica>on vs NTC, GR 144109 JG Summit Holding vs CA, GR 124293
12. preferen>al use of Filipino labor and materials; “The Filipino First” Policy
13. Trade Policy
14. Prac>ce of Profession
15. Coopera>ves
16. Forma>on of corpora>ons
a. forma>on of private corpora>ons
Case: Na>onal Dev. Co. vs Phil Veterans Bank, GR 84132-33
17. emergency takeovers
Cases
Divinagracia v. Consolidated Broadcas>ng System, Inc., G.R. No. 162272, April 7, 2009
Republic of the Philippines v. City of Paranaque, G.R. No. 191109, July 18, 2012
Bank of Commerce v. Planters Development Bank, G.R. Nos. 154470-71, September 24,
2012
18. expropria>on of public u>li>es
1. telephone interconnec>ons
2. the NTC Interconnec>on Order Cases
Republic vs PLDT, 1969
PLDT vs NTC and Cellcom Inc., GR 88404 Agan vs PIATCO, GR 155001
19. monopolies
20. central monetary authority
a. the Central Bank of the Philippines

21. foreign loans

a. restric>ons on contrac>ng of foreign loans

22. circumven>ons

XII. General Provisions (Art XVI)

1. the Philippine flag
2. na>onal anthem and seal
3. state immunity from suit without its consent
4. the armed forces
5. oath of affirma>on of armed forces
6. the na>onal police
Cases:
Quilona vs The general court mar>al, GR 9660 Carpio vs Exec. Secretary, GR 96409
7. war veterans
8. re>rees
9. consumer protec>on
10. communica>on structure
11. ownership of mass media and adver>sing agencies
Case: Chang Ik Jin v. Choi Sung Bong, G.R. No. 166358, September 8, 2010
 12. indigenous cultural communi>es
XIII. Amendments and Revisions (Art XVII)
1. amendments or revision
2. amendment by ini>a>ve
a. requirements for people’s ini>a>ve C. cons>tu>onal conven>on
1. amendment, revision
2. proposal of amendments
D. ra>fica>on
Cases
Gonzales vs. Comelec, 21 SCRA 774 (1968)
San>ago vs. Comelec, G.R. 127325, March 19, 1997 Lambino v. Comelec, G.R. No.
174153, October 25, 2006 Tolen>no vs. Comelec, 41 SCRA 702 (1971)
Del Rosario vs COMELEC, 36 SCRA 367(1970)
Imbong vs COmelec (1970)
Planas vs Comelec (1973)
Mitra vs Comelec,April 4, 1981