Overview

Seminar on
Local
Government
Administration
What’s New in Local Governance
Let’s start understanding the local government units

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 2023 Challenges
Local Governance
v Local Government Cybersecurity
v Aging Infrastructure
v Loss of trust in government institutions
v Low recruitment and employee retention
v Increasing prominence of natural disasters
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v Economic Decline
 Local Governance
v Comprises a set of institutions, mechanisms and
processes, through which local government, central
agencies, community members and their groups,
private sector can articulate their interests and
needs and exercise their rights and obligations at the
local level;
v Local Governance is not just about local governments-
v All local institutions contributes to local governance;
v Local governance is not synonymous to decentralization.
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Issues and Concerns on Local Governance
• Mandanas Ruling • The Rising Inflation Rate
• Formulating • Local Autonomy
Implementing Ready • Embracing E-governance
Budget Proposals
• Emerging Social Problems
• Smart Communities
• Election Related Issues
• Digital Transformation
• Rampant Graft and Corruption
• Decentralization
• Demand for Change
• Greater Involvement of
the Society • Devolution over 30 years
• Transparency and • Towards Ambisyon 2040
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Accountability • The Quest for Galing Pook
What local government units should apply?

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 Good Local Governance
Community Development
v Good local governance:
v Empowered local community;
v Participation to meet people needs;
v Capable local institutions to engage in partnerships (PPP)
v Effective and accountable local government;
v Local development;
v Improvements in social and economic welfare of people
7 & accumulation of social capital
What Reminds You…

v Balangay v Palakasan System

v Alkalde v Payment
v Ordinance v Scrap
v Autonomous Region v Local Governance
v Budget Deliberation v Graft and Corruption
v National and Local Elections v Padrino System
v LGU units v Ningas Cogon
v Sandiganbayan v Decentralization
v Appointed Officials v Kaniya-kaniya syndrome
v Public Works and Safety v Bayanihan Spirit
v Taxes v Good Governance
v Devolution v Fraud and Deceit
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v SK Projects v Breaking our Own Rules
 4 LGU Components
Laws and
Ordinance

Elected and
Programs and
PEOPLE Appointed
Projects
Officials

Powers, Duties
and
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Responsibilities
 1. Policy-making in favor of?:
Factor Affecting Good Local Governance
• Lack of institutionalized opportunities to participate in local
planning, policy making and service delivery processes;
• Lack of permanent participation and monitoring
procedures;
• Opportunities to participate maybe not equally available to
all;
• Insufficient inclusion of different social and disadvantaged
groups as contributors to local governance, service
10 provision and as service beneficiaries;
 1. Policy-making in favor of?:
Factor Affecting Good Local Governance

Ano ang katotohanan?

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 2. People (Wrong Choice) :
Factor Affecting Good Local Governance
• Local governments do not have sufficient capacities
and resources to play a community leadership role:
• Limited or/and unclear mandate and responsibilities
of LGs;
• Organizational capacities and resources are
inadequate to meet citizen expectations or the
responsibilities transferred to them by national
policies;
12 • Lack of a modern understanding of the role of local
government;
 2. People (Wrong Choice) :
Factor Affecting Good Local Governance

FAULT FINDING:

Vote Buying - 1. Ang bumoto o ang ibinoto?

Appointed Official - 2. Discretionary Power or

Trust and Confidence

13 Political Dynasty - Sikat o Mayaman?

 3. Power Tripping:
Factor Affecting Good Local Governance
• Lack of adequate coordination and cooperation among local
stakeholders and with central level institutions;
• Absence of mechanisms for coordinating activities between
community groups, local government bodies, and central agencies;
• Coordination weaknesses between local governments and de-
concentrated central agencies due to different lines of responsibility
and inadequately developed horizontal mechanisms for
cooperation;
• Weak capacities of community members and organizations to
participate and partner with each other and with public sector
organizations;
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• Insufficient capacities of LG associations, weak channels of
communication.
 3. Power Tripping:
Factor Affecting Good Local Governance

MAY TAO vs. MAKATAO

TAO KO ‘TO PARA SA TAO

• Palakasan System • Professionalism
• Padrino System • Competence
• Nepotism or Cronyism • Capability
• Bata-Bata System • Rose from the rank
• Alaga or Angels syndrome • Merit and Performance
• Favoritism • Fairness
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 4. Mismatch of LGU Programs:
Factor Affecting Good Local Governance

• Institutional environment is not always

favorable to local initiatives:
• Ambiguous national legislation, policies and
regulations;
• Role and status of civil society and private
sector associations and organizations;
16 • Values and norms grounded in the culture.
 4. Mismatch of LGU Programs:
Factor Affecting Good Local Governance

Asan ang programa?

May mali ba sa
programa?

Sino ang
nakinabang?
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 4 Chapters
• Legislation
• Elective and Appointed Officials
• Powers
• Programs

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 Chapter 1. Legislation
Lesson 1. Local 2. Legislation Lesson 3. Structure Lesson 4. Local
Overview (Ordinances) and Creation of Fiscal
Local Government Administration
Units
1. What is Local 1. Test of a Valid 1. The DILG 1. Budget Preparation
Government? Ordinance 2. Structure and Levels 2. Budget Cycle
2. Historical 2. Quorum of Governance 3. Budget Limitations
Background of 3. How to Pass an 3. Creation, Merger 4. Procurement Process
Philippine Local Ordinance and Demolition of 5. Principles of
Government 4. Action by the Local LGUs Transparency and
3. Principles of Local Chief Executive 4. Organizational Chart Accountability
Governance 5. Implementation of and Staffing Pattern
4. 1987 Philippine Ordinance per Levels of
Constitution on 6. Judicial Intervention Governance
Local Government 5. Autonomous Region
(Article II and X) and Highly
5. Summary of Local Urbanized Cities
19 Government Code 6. The MMDA
of 1991 (RA 7160)
Chapter 2. Elective and Appointive Officials
Leeson 5. Elective Lesson 6. Lesson 7. Local Lesson 8. Human
Officials Disciplinary Actions Governance and Resources and
Other Disciplining Development
Agency
1. Qualifications 1. Grounds for 1. COMELEC 1. Appointed Key
and Administrative 2. DILG Positions in the
Disqualifications Action 3. The Ombudsman Local Government
2. Elections 2. Preventive 4. The 2. Careers in Local
3. Allocation and Suspension Sandiganbayan Government
3. Benefits and
Appointment 3. Resignations 5. COA
Welfares
4. Composition 4. Removal 6. PNP
4. Compensation of
5. Vacancies and 5. Recall 7. PCGG Elective Officials
Succession 5. Code of Ethics for
Public Officials
6. Practice of
20 Profession
 Chapter 3. Powers
Lesson 9. General Lesson 10. Duties Lesson 11. Lesson 12. Local Lesson 13. Local
Powers and and Decentralization Government Government
Attributes of LGUs Responsibilities and Governance Funds and Taxation
of LGUs Taxation
1. Powers of the 1. Agricultural 1. What is 1. Local and 1. Definition and
Local Chief support services Decentralization General Funds Rationale of
Executives 2. Health services 2. Public 2. Resource Taxation
2. Powers of the 3. Social Welfare Governance Generation and 2. The Philippine
Sanggunians 4. Public works and 3. Forms of Allocation Tax System
3. Regulatory facilities Decentralization 3. Income 3. Local
Powers 5. Environmental 4. Local Autonomy Classifications Government
4. Corporate Protection 5. Intergovernment of LGUs Taxation Law
Powers 6. Research and al Relations of 4. IRA and Share 4. Tax Exemptions
5. Appointing Development National 5. Summary Tax
Authority and Government Guide in the
Appointive and Local Philippines
Officials Government
6. PNP Inter-
21 Relation
 Chapter 4. Programs
Lesson 14. Local Lesson 15. Local Lesson 16. Lesson 17. Good Lesson 18.
Special Bodies Government Sustainable and Governance Current Issues in
Reforms Development Initiatives Local Governance
Programs
1. Local School 1. LGU Push for 1. Infrastructure 1. Improved 1. Unequal and
Boards key local Projects Transparency Biased Sharing
2. Local Health governance 2. Planning and and Citizen’s of Wealth
Boards reforms Community Empowerment 2. Devolution:
3. Local 2. Seal of Good Development 2. Improved public Mandanas
Development Local 3. Economic sector Ruling
Councils Governance Development performance 3. Political Dynasty
4. Local Peace Program 4. Promotion of 3. Improved anti- and Election
and Order 3. Digital Culture and corruption Unease
Council Transformatio Sports measures 4. Aging
5. Autonomous n 5. Improvement of 4. Improved policy Infrastructure
Special 4. Policy Tourism environment for and Insufficient
Economic Zone Reforms to good of Funds
6. People’s Law improve Local governance 5. Emergency and
22 Enforcement Governance Natural Disaster
Board 6. Other Issues
“

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 Why do we
need good
local
governance?
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 Good Local Governance Requires
*Changing attitudes and practices, that is more
than changes in rules and procedures;

*New institutional arrangements to manage

complex processes and overcome institutional
boundaries;

*Changes in the distribution of power between

25 central and local levels and among local actors.
Integrated Local
Community Development
Helps to agree on a common development vision of the area;
Ensures integration of local governance activities with other spheres of
local development planning at regional and national levels;
Serve as bases for engagement and partnerships between local
governments and various stakeholders and interest groups at local
level;
Ensures effective utilization of limited financial and human resources; 26

Develops capacities local stakeholders.

 Community Development
Project Proposal
Main issues to be addressed:
Different methodologies and various approaches are applied for
local development planning;
Few links with higher level planning processes;
Insufficient attention to the institutionalization of participatory
spaces and limited inclusion of different social and disadvantaged
groups into planning;
Local development plans are mainly project oriented and rely
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mainly on donor funding, weak linkages with budgeting process
and performance management systems.
 Course Template:
Community Development Project Proposal
I. Title
II. Project Description
III. The Community
IV. Rationale
V. Objectives
VI. Methodology
VII.Strategies
VIII.Budget Requirement
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IX. Promoting Accountable Local Government
X. Sustainable Program
Public Accountability Approaches to Social Accountability

• Administrative • Sustainable services

Accountability • Greater local Control
• Bureaucratic hierarchy • Local Council oversight
• Civil service rules • Local Autonomy
• Procurement practices • E-governance
• Financial Accountability • Social participation
• Financial Management • Monitoring & Evaluation
• Political accountability • Investment/Project Mgt.
• Local Governance • Citizen Watch/Feedback
Outcomes
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• Participatory Management
• Electoral Accountability
• Access to Information Campaign
Case Study Analysis
*A case study analysis requires you to investigate a business or community
problem, examine the alternative solutions, and propose the most effective
solution using supportive evidence.
*A case study should include background information on the specific topic, an
analysis of the case under student showing problems or effective strategies, as
well as recommendations.
*A case study can focus on a business or entire industry, a specific project or 30

program, or a person.
 How to Make a Case Study Analysis
1. Read and examine the case thoroughly. 2. Focus your
analysis.

3. Uncover possible Review course

readings, discussions, -Identify two to five
solutions/changes outside research, your key problems.
needed. experience. -Why do they exist?
-How do they impact
the organization or

•Consider strong supporting

4. Select community?
the best -Who is responsible for
evidence, pros, and cons. Is this
31 solution realistic? solution them?
 Course Final Exam Template:
Case Study Analysis
1. Introduction 2. Background
•Identify the key problems and •Set the scene: background
issues in the case study. information, relevant facts, and
•Formulate and include a thesis the most important issues.
statement, summarizing the •Demonstrate that you have
outcome of your analysis in 1–2 researched the problems in this
sentences. case study.

3. Evaluation of the Case

•Outline the various pieces of the case study that you are
focusing on.
•Evaluate these pieces by discussing what is working and
what is not working.
32 •State why these parts of the case study are or are not
working well.
 Course Final Exam Template:
Case Study Analysis

4. Propose Solution/Changes 5. Recommendations

•Provide specific and realistic •Determine and discuss specific
solution(s) or changes needed. strategies for accomplishing the
•Explain why this solution was proposed solution.
chosen. •If applicable, recommend further
•Support this solution with solid action to resolve some of the
evidence, such as: issues.
• Concepts from class •What should be done and who
(text readings, should do it?
discussions, lectures)
• Outside research
• Personal experience Reference: Writing a Case Study Analysis,
(anecdotes) The University of Arizona
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Global Campus, Writing Center
Sources of Topics - Case Study Analysis on Local Governance
…

• Local Cooperatives and Community Livelihoods

• Health Emergency: Ayuda or Bayanihan during the Pandemic
• 4Ps Pantawid Pamilya: Alleviating the Life of the Poor
• Gawad Galing Pook: Recognizing Community Innovations
• Sustainable Development Goals in Local Communities
• Early Grade Education Investment: The Day Care Program
• Disaster Preparedness: Risk Reduction Management
• Rural or Urban Planning and Development
• Customer Service Care or Clientele Satisfaction
• Tourism: Local Initiatives; One Town, One Product; Festivals
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• Financing Local Communities through Decentralization
Basis of Student Performance Evaluation
*Reporting 20%
*Case Study Analysis 15%
*Community Project Proposal 15%
*Participation 30%
*Other Learning Outputs 20% 35
Thanks!

36 Let’s support our local governments.