Science 4-Q4-SLM16

Science 4
Science – Grade 4
Quarter 4 – Module 16: The Importance of the Sun as a Source of Heat and Light, and
How Shadows are Formed
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City
Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Royna L. Mortel
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Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
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Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education-Schools Division of Pasig

City
Science 4
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 16
The Importance of the Sun as a Source
of Heat and Light, and How Shadows
are Formed
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to Science 4 Self Learning Module 16 on The Importance of the Sun

as a Source of Heat and Light, and How Shadows are Formed!
This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.
This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
Welcome to the Science 4 Self-Learning Module on The Importance of the Sun

as a Source of Heat and Light, and How Shadows are Formed!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
Expectations – These are the sets of knowledge and skills that

you will learn after completing the module.
Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.
Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.
Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.
Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to

perform.
Wrap Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.
Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.
Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
EXPECTATIONS
This module is designed and written to help you master the

lesson on the importance of the Sun as a source of heat and light,
and how shadows are formed.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. describe the importance of the sun as a source of heat
and light;
2. realize that shadows are formed when light from the
sun is blocked by an object; and
3. discuss how shadows are formed.
PRETEST
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. What is the main source of heat and light?
A. bulb B. candle C. flashlight D. sun
2. Where does the sun rise?

A. East B. North C. South D. West
3. In what way is the sun’s heat beneficial to humans?

A. Farmers can harvest and dry their crops.
B. Mother dry her laundry in a dryer machine.
C. Fishermen can dry and preserve their fishes.
D. A and C are correct.
4. Why do opaque objects form shadows?

A. because they absorb the light that hit them
B. because they reflect the light
C. because they bend the light that hit them
D. because they cover the light hits them
5. When does an object cast a longer shadow?
A. when light rays are on top
B. when light rays are slanted
C. when light rays are sideways
D. when light rays are trapped
RECAP
In the previous lesson, you learned that following safety

precautions during different weather conditions are very important
to us in order to live safely.
Direction: Write YES if the statement is correct and NO if not.

______1. Stay at home during stormy day.
______2. Prepare emergency kit o health kit always.
______3. During typhoon play outdoor games.
______4. Follow the safety precautions at all times.
______5. Listen to news if there is an incoming typhoon.
LESSON
Do you know what is the Earth’s main source of heat and
light? The sun is the center of the solar system. It is the closes
star nearest our planet. Revolving around it are the planets
such as our planet Earth. The sun is the main source of heat
and light. It is made up of very hot gases. The sun’s surface is
about 5,0000C and its temperature at the core is
Sun as a star near to Earth Sunlight gives vitamin D The Sun a source of heat and light
Figure 1 Figure2 Figure 3
https://www.slideshare.net/JuanCarlosValverde2/5th-block-5-the-sun-a-source-of-heat-and-light
about 15,000,000 0C. The sun’s heat and light reaches the earth
through radiation. People, plants, and animals benefit from the
heat and light of the sun. ( see figures 1-3 )
Why is the sun’s heat and light important?

Sun is important because it provides us heat and light in order
to sustain our lives. The Sun warms our seas, gives heat and light
to the growing green plants that provide the food and oxygen for
life on Earth. The heat of the sun keeps us warm. The sunlight
brightens the earth and help us see the things in our
surroundings. It also helps people to be happy and healthy. Plants
need sunlight in making their food. This process is called
photosynthesis. Sunlight heats up the earth and thus affects the
changes in temperature. It gives light during the day. It helps in
producing vitamin D. And stops the growth of bacteria.
( see figures 4 - 6 )
Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6

Sun is a source of heat and light to people, animals and plants.
https://eschooltoday.com/science/needs-of-living-organisms/living-organisms-need-sunlight-to-survive.html
What are Shadows? How are shadows formed?

Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9
As you can see on figure 7-9, shadows are dark areas

formed by the objects that block the straight path of light.
Shadows are formed when the straight light rays are blocked by
opaque objects. Shadows are formed when light strikes on
opaque objects. Shadows “move” or change position during the
day because of the position of the sun. The position and length
of the shadows vary during the day. In the morning, the light
rays are slanted, so the shadow is longer than the actual object
and points to the west. At noon, when the sun is directly above,
the shadow is very short. In the afternoon, the shadow is longer
and points to the east. Therefore, the changes in position and
length of shadow depend on the angle at which the sunlight
strikes the object to the ground. ( see figures 10-12)
Shadows in the morning Shadows at noon time Shadows in the afternoon

ACTIVITIES
Activity 1: The Importance of the Sun

Problem: Why is sun important as a source of heat and light?
What You Need: the illustration of a mother carrying her child,
exposing the child to sunshine on early morning
What To Do :
1. Observe the picture.
2. Describe what the baby is doing.
3. Describe where the baby is place.
Guide Questions:
1. Where is the baby placed by her mother?
2. Why is the baby exposed to the sunshine early in the
morning?
3. What does one get from heat and light from the sun?
Activity 2: Sun as a Source of Heat and Light

What to do:
1. Half fill the two (2) small plastic cups with water. Mark them
A and B.
2. Measure the temperature of water in each cup with a
laboratory thermometer.
3. Record the temperature of the water in the graphic table.
4. Place cup A directly under the sun for 30 minutes. Place cup
B in the cabinet or any part of the room where sunlight
cannot reach it.
5. After 30 minutes measure the temperature of water in cups
A and B.
Guide Questions:
1. What is the initial temperature of the water in cup A and B?
2. Which cup of water has the higher temperature after 30
minutes? Why?
3. What is the cause of the increase in temperature of the water?
Activity 3 : “How Are Shadows Formed? “

What you need
 Cardboard
 flashlight
What to do
1. Close the windows and the door of your house.
2. Hold the cardboard 30 cm away from the wall of your house.
3. Hold the flashlight 30 cm away from the cardboard.
4. Switch on the flashlight and focus directly on the center of
the cardboard.
5. Observe what happens and write your observations.
Guide Questions:
1. What do you observe on the wall when light strikes an object in
the dark house? Describe what you observed.
2. Did you get the same result outside the house? Why?
3. What did you observe when light strikes a clear plastic sheet?
4. What are shadows? How are shadows formed?
5. Do all objects formed shadows? Why?
WRAP UP
Direction: To summarize what you have learned, fill in the

diagram using the pictures given below.
1. It gives
H_____&
L_____
2. It helps 3. It is
needed by
Importance
P________ of the Sun P_________
4. It is
needed by 5. It kills
A__________ B___________
VALUING
There are some situations where people, animals and plants

use the sun’s heat and light.
Direction: Check the picture where living things use the sun’s
heat and light.
____1. Morning sunlight ____3. Solar energy
____2. Photosynthesis of plants
____4. Drying clothes ____5. Brightens the Earth
POSTTEST
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. Which gives us enough heat and light in order to live?
A. electricity B. candle C. flashlight D. Sun
2. What is the importance of sun’s heat and light to the
environment?
A. It is the main cause of climate change.
B. It helps the plants in making their food.
C. It sustains the life of animals, plant and humans.
D. B and C are correct.
3. Without the sun, what would most likely to happen on the

Earth?
A. The Earth will be lifeless.
B. The Earth will be dark and cold.
C. The Earth will be a bountiful place to live in.
D. A and B are correct
4. When are shadows formed?

A. when light rays hit an opaque objects.
B. when light rays hit transparent objects.
C. when light rays hit translucent objects.
D. when light rays hit hard objects.
5. At which time of the day you have the shortest shadow?

A. 9:00 A.M. C. 12:00 noon
B. 10:00 A.M. D. 2:00 P.M.
KEY TO CORRECTION
5. Bacteria
4. Animals
5.C 3. Plants
 Answers vary 2. People
4. A
Activity 3
3. C 1. Heat and Light
2. D
Wrap-up
1. D
Post Test 5. YES
 Answers vary
5. B 4. Yes
Activity 2
4. C
3. NO
3. D
2. A 2. Yes
 Answers vary
1. D 1. Yes
Activity 1
Pre- Test Recap
REFERENCES
K to 12 Grade 4 Learner’s Material in Science4 Q4 pages 296 - 300
K to 12 Grade 4 Teacher’s Guide in Science4 Q4 pages 336 -340
K to 2 Grade 4 Workbook in Science 4 Q4 pages 26-30
https://eschooltoday.com/science/needs-of-living-organisms/living-
organisms-need-sunlight-to-survive.html
https://www.slideshare.net/JuanCarlosValverde2/5th-block-5-the-sun-a-
source-of-heat-and-light

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Science 4

First Edition, 2020

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. AgonEdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education-Schools Division of Pasig

Welcome to Science 4 Self Learning Module 16 on The Importance of the Sun

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

Notes to the Teacher

Welcome to the Science 4 Self-Learning Module on The Importance of the Sun

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations – These are the sets of knowledge and skills that

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to

Wrap Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

This module is designed and written to help you master the

2. Where does the sun rise?

3. In what way is the sun’s heat beneficial to humans?

4. Why do opaque objects form shadows?

In the previous lesson, you learned that following safety

Direction: Write YES if the statement is correct and NO if not.

Why is the sun’s heat and light important?

Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6

What are Shadows? How are shadows formed?

As you can see on figure 7-9, shadows are dark areas

Shadows in the morning Shadows at noon time Shadows in the afternoon

Activity 1: The Importance of the Sun

Activity 2: Sun as a Source of Heat and Light

Activity 3 : “How Are Shadows Formed? “

Direction: To summarize what you have learned, fill in the

There are some situations where people, animals and plants

____1. Morning sunlight ____3. Solar energy

____2. Photosynthesis of plants

____4. Drying clothes ____5. Brightens the Earth

Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer.

3. Without the sun, what would most likely to happen on the

4. When are shadows formed?

5. At which time of the day you have the shortest shadow?

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1. Morning sunlight 3. Solar energy

4. Drying clothes 5. Brightens the Earth