TAKING OFF

PAD
FOUNDATION
NOREHAN HAJI MOHD NOOR
Senior Lecturer
Department of Building Surveying
 OBJECTIVE & OUTCOME

Lesson Objective
Interpret drawings and quantification of sub-
structure works.
Lesson Outcome
Able to take off quantities for sub-structure
works according to drawings.
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
TAKING OFF QUANTITIES FOR :
SUB-STRUCTURE WORKS
PAD FOUNDATION
ITEMS TO TAKE OFF:
1) EXCAVATION WORKS

2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS

EXAMPLE 1: GROUND PLAN

300 x 300 mm Column Stump

EXAMPLE 1: FOOTING SECTION
EXAMPLE 1: FOOTING SECTION
4Y20

Reinf. Bar - 6 Y20 - 200c/c

R10 - 200

300
c/c
Length

Reinf. Bar - 6Y20 - 200c/c 300

COLUMN STUMP
TYPICAL SECTION

Length

PLAN OF PAD FOOTING

SPECIFICATION :

TYPE SIZE OF PAD HEIGHT OF PAD BAR REINF. 1) Excavation top soil 175 mm deep to be deposited 20.0 m from site
2) Concrete cover for pad footing, column stump and ground beam is 32
L (mm) H (mm) 2 WAYS
mm thick
3) Lean concrete shall be of Grade 7 concrete
P1 1260 x 1260 300 6Y20 - 200c/c 4) Concrete to pad footing, column stump, ground beam and bed shall be of
Grade 25 concrete
5) Size of column stump:-
Type C1 - 300 mm x 300 mm
6) Size of Ground Beam:-
G/Beam 1 & 2 - 250 mm x 500 mm
EXAMPLE 1: GROUND BEAM
How to interpret the PLAN
 How to interpret the PLAN
8810

P1 P1

A BEAM 2 BEAM 1 A 1

BEAM 2

5025
Hardcore & Concrete Bed

P1 B P1

BEAM 1
2
B

GROUND BEAM PLAN

How to interpret the PLAN

GROUND BEAM

OGL
CONCRETE BED GROUND FLOOR SLAB
HARDCORE

DEFORMED / STRAIGHT
BAR
COLUMN STUMP
LINK BAR

450 450
PAD
LEAN CONCRETE / CONC. BLINDING

LENGTH

SECTION A-A - PAD FOOTING

 How to interpret the PLAN

BEAM 2
250

5025
Hardcore & Concrete Bed
OGL 30 mm

GROUND BEAM
CONCRETE BED 200
500
B P1
270
BEAM 1 REDUCE LEVEL HARDCORE
2
B SECTION B - B
GROUND BEAM PLAN
 ITEMS TO TAKE OFF:-
COLUMN STUMP
1) EXCAVATION - 3 TYPES :-
(i) Topsoil
OGL (ii) Reduce Level
CONCRETE BED (iii) Pit Excavation
HARDCORE (iv) Rock Excavation

DEFORMED / STRAIGHT 2) SURFACES FREE FROM WATER

BAR
3) NEW WORKS in Pad
LINK BAR (i) Concrete Blinding / Asas
(ii) Concrete in Pad
(iii) Concrete in Column Stump
450 450 (iv) Fwk to Pad
PAD (v) Fwk to Column Stump
LEAN CONCRETE / CONC. BLINDING (vi) Bar Reinforcement in Pad
LEN GTH (vii) Bar Reinforcement in Column Stump

SECTION A-A - PAD FOOTING In Ground Beam & Bed

(i) Concrete Blinding / Asas
(ii) Concrete in Ground Beam
(iii) Fwk to G/Beam
(iv) Bar Reinforcement in G/Beam
(v) DPM
(v) Concrete in Bed
1. EXCAVATION WORKS
1. EXCAVATION WORKS:
3 types of EXCAVATION WORKS
 Taking off List:- Unit
EXCAVATION WORKS
1 Excavate topsoil m2
2 Deposition excavated topsoil m3
3 Excavate to reduce level m3
4 Remove excavated material from site m3
5 Excavate pit for pad foundation m3
6 Filling to excavation m3
7 Excavation pit in rock m3
8 Excavation trench for ground beam m3
9 Remove excavated material from site m3
10 Excavation in rock m3
11 Disposal of surface water item
DRAWING NO.: BS/Pad Ftg/2019 PAGE: 1

Excavate Top Soil 1260

Foundation spread
Length of PAD fdn 1260
Less: 1 column stump 300 Colum
Stump
Foundation spread = 960 fdn fdn
spread sprd
So, ½ / fdn sprd P1:
½ / 960 = 480 300

Length on Plan
8810
Add: 2 / ½ / fdn sprd P1
2 / ½ / 960 = 960
9770

Width
5025
Add: 2 / ½ / fdn sprd P1
2 / ½ / 960 = 960
5985

Depth of Topsoil
175 mm

Excavate top soil for preservation

9.77
5.99 average 175 mm deep.

9.77 Deposite preserved top soil in temperory

5.99 spoil heaps average 20m distance.
0.18
 P1
8810 P1

GRD BEAM 2 Ground Beam 1

GRD BEAM 2
Hardcore & Concrete Bed

5025
P1 P1
300 x 300 mm Column Stump
Ground Beam 1

GR O U N D P L A N
DRAWING NO.: BS/Pad Ftg/2019 PAGE:

Surface
OGL excavation/
topsoil
Exc to reduce 200mm level
CONCRETE BED Reduce
HARDCORE Level
270mm
Depth
Concrete Bed 200
Hardcore 270
470
Less: Topsoil 175
295
LEAN CONCRETE / CONC. BLINDING

LENGTH

Excavate to reduce level max. depth n.e.

1.0m Deep.
9.77
5.99 &
0.30 Remove excavated material from site
 Pit Excavation
Length & Width, P1 1260
Laps 450 mm
OGL
Depth
CONCRETE BED
Blinding 50 HARDCORE
Pad 300
Column stump 2150
2500
Less: t/soil 175
DEFORMED /
Reduce Level 295
STRAIGHT BAR
2030
LINK BAR

Excavate pit to receive foundation

starting from reduce level max. depth not PAD 450 mm
4 1.26 exceeding (n.e) 4.0m.
1.26 &
2.03 Filling to excavation with material arising
LEAN CONCRETE / CONC. BLINDING
from excavation.

10
E.O: pit excavation for excavating in rock
100 4 1.26
(Prov.)
1.26
2.03

Allow for keeping the surfaces of the site

Item & excvn free from surface water
2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS
 Taking off List:- Unit
NEW WORKS
12 Concrete blinding to pad fdn. m3
13 Remove excavated material m3
14 Ddt : Filling to excavation m3
15 Concrete in pad fdn. m3
16 Remove excavated material m3
17 Ddt : Filling to excavation m3
18 Formwork to edges of pad fdn. m2
19 Reinforcement bar in pad footing m
20 Concrete in column stump m3
21 Remove excavated material m3
22 Ddt : Filling excavation with material from excavation m3
23 Formwork to sides of column stumps m2
24 Reinforcement bar in column stump m
25 Links bar in column stumps m
26 Concrete blind in ground beam m3
27 Concrete in ground beam m3
28 Reinforcement bar in ground beam m3
29 Stirrups in ground beam m
30 Hardcore m
31 DPM m2
32 Concrete bed m3
 2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: PAD

200
DRAWING NO.: BS/Pad Ftg/2015 PAGE: 4 CONCRETE BED

270
HARDCORE
Pad base

475
Lean concrete thickness - 50 mm thk 300 x 300 COLUMN
OGL OGL
STUMP
CONCRETE BED
Size of PAD - 1.26 m x 1.26 m

2150
HARDCORE

Concrete Grade 7 blinding n.e. 100mm thick R10 - 200 c/c

laid on earth
4Y20

2150
&
4 / 1.26 Remove excavated material from site
450 450
1.26 &

300

220
0.05 Ddt; Filling to excavation with material arising
from excavation.
50mm Lean
1260 Conc. In PAD
Concrete

300
PAD
Reinforce concrete in-situ Grade 25 in pad
50mm Lean
fdn. bases.
1260 Concrete
4 / 1.26 &
1.26 Remove excavated material from site SECTION A-A - PAD P1
0.30 &
Ddt; Filling to excavation with mat. arising from
excavation.
 2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: PAD
Formwork to foundation & beds
Foundation
Girth
4 / 1260 5040

4 / 5.04 Formwork to edges and faces of Pad

foundation, exceeding 250 mm & n.e. 500 mm
high.

Bar Reinforcement
Pad footing
Length
1260
Less: 2 conc.cover - 2 / 32 = 64
1196
Add: 2 bend
Height of Pad: 300 300 300
236 236
Less: 2 conc.cover: 2 / 32 = 64
Height of Bend = 236 1260
Add: 2 bend: 2 / 236 472
1668

20 mm diameter high tensile reinft. in straight &

4/2/6 / 1.67 bent bars in Pad Footing
 2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: STUMP

475
4 / 0.30 Reinforce concrete in-situ Grade 25 in column OGL OGL
0.30 stumps

270 200
CONCRETE BED
2.15 HARDCORE

Filling to
Volume of stumps in pit excavation with

2150
height material arising Filling to
from excavation. excavation with

STUMP
2150 material arising
Less: from excavation.
T/soil 175
Red. Level 295
1680

300
Conc. In PAD

Remove excavated material from site 50mm Lean

1260 Concrete
4 / 0.30 &
0.30 Ddt ; Filling to excavation with mat. arising from SECTION A-A - PAD P1
1.68 excavation.
2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: STUMP
2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: STUMP
2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: STUMP
 2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: GROUND BEAM & BED

250

30 mm GROUND BEAM
OGL
GROUND BEAM

CONCRETE BED 200 OGL

500 GROUND FLOOR SLAB CONCRETE BED GROUND FLOOR SLAB
HARDCORE
270
REDUCE LEVEL HARDCORE DEFORMED / STRAIGHT
BAR
SECTION B - B COLUMN STUMP
LINK BAR

450 450

Ground beam level is same with PAD

Hardcore level, so the Excavation LEAN CONCRETE / CONC. BLINDING

work has been included in Pit LENGTH

Excavation
SECTION A-A - PAD FOOTING
2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: GROUND BEAM & BED

Col. C1 Col. C1

GROUND BEAM

300 50mm Lean Concrete 300

length of Ground Beam, including Lean Concrete

8810
2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: GROUND BEAM & BED
2 / 8.21 Reinforced concrete Grade 25 in Beam 1
0.25
0.50

2 / 4.43
0.25 Reinforced concrete Grade 25 in Beam 2
0.50

Formwork to edges of Ground beam, exceeding

2 / 8.21
250 mm & n.e. 500 mm high - in Beam 1

2 / 4.43 Ditto, in Beam 2

Col. C1 Col. C1

GROUND BEAM

300 50mm Lean Concrete 300

length of Ground Beam, including Lean Concrete

8810
 2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: GROUND BEAM & BED
Bar Reinforcement
Ground beam, BEAM 1
2Y16 (top )
Length
8810
Less: 2 conc.cover: 2 / 32 = 64
8746
Add: 2 bend
ht of Grd Bm = 500
Less: 2 conc.cover: 2 / 32 = 64
Total of Bend height = 436
So, 2 bend: 2 x 436 = 872
9618

2 / 4/ 9.62 16 mm dia h.t. reinf in strt & bent bars in Beam

1 (Top & Bottom)

Column C1 Column C1
1-1 2Y16 250
2Y16
R8 @ 280 c/c
R8 - 280

500
300 50mm Lean Concrete 300 2Y16
2Y16 SECTION 1 - 1
8810

BEAM 1
 2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: GROUND BEAM & BED
Bar Reinforcement
Ground beam, BEAM 2
2Y20 (top )
Length
5025
Less: 2 conc.cover: 2 / 32 = 64
4961
Add: 2 bend
ht of Grd Bm = 500
Less: 2 conc.cover: 2 / 32 = 64
Total of Bend height = 436
So, 2 bend: 2 x 436 = 872
5833

2 / 4 / 5.83 20 mm dia h.t. reinf in strt & bent bars in Beam

2 (Top & Bottom)
2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: GROUND BEAM & BED
Stirrup R8
Beam 1 & Beam 2
girth
length 250 250
Less: 2 conc.cover: 2 / 32 64
186
R8 @ 280 c/c

500
height 500
Less: 2 conc.cover: 2 / 32 64
436

Girth = 2L + 2W
2/ 186
2/ 436
1244
Add: Hook = 24d @ 24 / 8 192
1436

Nos. of strirrup, R8
Beam 1
Length 8810
280
Bilangan stirrup bar 31.5
= 32 - 1
= 31
2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: GROUND BEAM & BED

Nos. of strirrup, R6
Beam 2
Length 5025
175
Bilangan stirrup bar 28.7
= 29 - 1
= 28

2 / 31 / 1.44 8 mm dia mild steel (m.s.) reinft. in

stirrups in Beam 1

2 / 28 / 1.44 6 mm dia mild steel (m.s.) reinft. in

stirrups in Beam 2
2) NEW STRUCTURE WORKS: BED
Bed 8810
P1 P1
Hardcore & DPM
Length Ground Beam 1
8810

GRD BEAM 2

GRD BEAM 2
Less: 2 stumps: 2 /300 600
8210
Hardcore & Concrete Bed

5025
width
5025
P1 P1
Less: 2 stumps: 2 /300 600 300 x 300 mm Column Stump
4425 Ground Beam 1

GR OU N D P L A N
Filling to make up level ave. 270mm
8.21
thick with hardcore of clean hard
4.43
broken stones obtained off site.
0.27

Polythene not less than 1000 gauge

8.21 horizontal d.p.m well lapped 100mm at
4.43 joints laid on hardcore.

8.21 Concrete Grade 25 in bed exceeding

4.43 150mm & n.e. 300mm thk laid on
0.20 hardcore.