Philippine History Report 2

KKK and Kartilya ng
Katipunan
ang an g
an gga l
Kag al an
a as an g ng b ay
ata a st an ak
K ng mg a
tip u na n
K a
Kataastaasang Kagalanggalangang
Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan
A secret society founded by Andres Bonifacio
that aims to unite Filipinos to overthrow the
Spanish Government.
Also known as "Katipunan"
Founded in 1892
Discovered in 1896 (led to the outbreak of the
Philippine Revolution)
The Katipunan had 4 aims, namely:
To develop a strong alliance with each and
every Katipunero
To unite Filipinos into one solid nation
To win Philippine Independence by means of
armed conflict
To establish a republic after independence
Objectives of the KKK:
The political goal was to completely separate the
Philippines from Spain after declaring the country's
independence.
The moral goal was to teach the Filipinos good
manner, cleanliness, hygiene, fine morals, and how
to guard themselves against religious fanaticism.
The civic goal was to encourage Filipinos to help
themselves and to defend the poir oppressed.
The Supreme Court Council /
Kataastaasang Sanggunian
Is composed of a selected group officers holding
the highest authority within the Katipunan,
responsible for it’s governance.
Was formed around August, 1892
Officers of the Supreme Court Council
 President ( Pangulo )
– the highest-ranking official, leading the organization, and making key decisions
-is called the “Supreme President / Kataastaasang Pangulo/ Presidente Supremo”
 Secretary ( Kalihim )
- Responsible for maintaining records and handling correspondence
 Treasurer ( Tagaingat-yaman )
– Manage the Katipunan’s finances
 Fiscal ( Tagausig )
– Enforced internal discipline and acted as the prosecutor in the trials.
 Counsilors ( Kasangguni )
– assisted in decision-making, providing advice and expertise to the president
and other officers.
The Triangle Systen
Was a military organizational structure devised by Andress
Bonifacio
To increase the membership of katipunan .
Aimed to divide the Katipunan’s forces into three main
group.
Formed with his 2 comrades : 1. Teodoro Plata
2. Ladislaw Diwa
3 categories of membership:
KATIPON - lowest class
- wore a black hood with a triangle of a white ribbon having the letter “Z.LI.B”
[corresponding to the roman “A.N.B”, meaning anak ng bayan (son of the people).]
Password: anak 
KAWAL - middle class
- Wore a green hood with a triangle having white lines and the letters “Z.L.L.B”
at the angles of the triangle
Password: Gom-Bur-Za 
Bayani (hero) – highest class
- wore a red mask and a sash with green border, symbolizing courage and hope.
Password: Rizal
1 st rite:
The Initiation Rites of Katipunan
New recruits underwent the rite three at a time so that no member knew more than
2 other members of the society.
- Then they would be blindfolded and lend into a dimly lighted room with black
curtains where his folded cloth was removed from his eyes.
2 nd rite:
Next step is the lecture given by the master ceremonies, called Mabalasig/ Mabalasik
(terrible Brother), who informed the neophyte to withdraw if he lacked corage since he
would be out of place in the patriotic society.
3 rd rite:
Pacto De Sangre “ BLOOD COMPACT/ SANDUGO”
- The recruit was asked to make a small cut on his left forearm with a sharp knife.
2 opposing Factions of Katipunan
Magdalo ( From the word dalo means to attend)
A faction in Katipunan, packed with Cavite Ilustrados. It was headed by
Baldomeo Aguinaldo but Emilio Aguinaldo, the first president of the
Philippines, was the popular leader of the group since his code name
happened to be Magdalo.
Magdiwang ( From the word diwang means celebrate)

Another rival group that is formed in Manila by Filipino rebels. It is regarded
as the "supreme institution responsible for successful enemy operations,"
which was created by Andres Bonifacio's in-law Mariano Alvarez.
Brief History:
It emerged in the late 19th century after over 300 years of Spanish domination.
The movement began with a desire for Philippine independence.
Key events included the 1872 Cavite Mutiny and the execution of three Filipino priests.
Dr. José Rizal led a literary campaign known as the Propaganda Movement in Europe.
In 1892, Andres Bonifacio formed the Katipunan, a secret revolutionary society.
By August 1896, it had around 100,000 members.
The revolution gained momentum, leading to the execution of Rizal and eventual Spanish
defeat.
Emilio Aguinaldo took over leadership, resulting in the end of Spanish rule in the
Philippines.
Andres Bonifacio
Founder and leader of Katipunan
November 30, 1863 - May 10, 1897 (Mt. Buntis,
Phil)
Advocated complete independence from
Spain
Also a member of the La Liga Filipina
Emilio Jacinto
Utak ng Katipunan
December 15, 1875- April 16, 1899
One of the highest-ranking officer in the Philippine
Revolution and in the Katipunan.
Was elected secretary of State for the Haring
Bayang Katagalugan
The Evolution of the Philippine Flag
1. Flag of the Revolution: The three K's stood for "Kataas-taasang Ka-
galang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan" or "Most High and
Most Sacred Society of the Sons of the People."
2. Earlier Katipunan Flag: Featured three K's arranged in an equilateral
triangle.
3. Flag with a Single "K": All versions had a red background symbolizing the
revolutionary nature of the Katipunan.
4. Bonifacio's Flag: Created by women members of the Katipunan and first

used at the Cry of Pugad Lawin in 1896.
5. Official Flag of the De Facto Government: Depicted eight sun rays
representing various provinces, with the center featuring the ancient
Filipino alphabet "K" for "Kalayaan."
6. First Official Revision: The flag was revised and declared the official flag of
the Philippine Government during the Naic, Cavite Assembly in 1897.
7. Llanera's Flag: Used by Gen Mariano Llanera in San Isidro, Nueva Ecija,
sometimes called "Bungo ni Llanera" (Llanera's Skull).
8. Pio del Pilar's Flag: Known as "Bandila ng Matagumpay" (Victorious Flag)

with eight rays symbolizing provinces under martial law by the Spanish
authorities.
9. Gregorio del Pilar's Flag: The first Katipunan flag to use three colors: red,
blue, and black, used in significant battles.
10. Present Flag: Adopts features from previous Katipunan flags and was raised by General Emilio
Aguinaldo six weeks after the Battle of Manila Bay.
“ The Proclamation of the Philippine
Independence”
Reading the “Proclamation of the
Philippine Independence”
Every year,the country commemorates the
anniversary of the Philippine Independence
proclaimed on 12 June 1898, in the province of
Cavite.
Indeed, such event is a significant turning
point in the history of the country because it
signaled the end of the333 years of Spanish
colonization.
The declaration was a short 2,000-word

document, which summarized the reason
behind the revolution against Spain, the war for
independence, and the future of the new
republic under Emilio Aguinaldo.
·Highlights of the proclamation speech include:
1. A characterization of the conditions in the Philippines during the

Spanish Colonial period. The document specifically mentioned abuses and
inequalities in the colony.
2. A brief historical overview of the Spanish occupation since Magellan's
arrival in Visayas until the Philippine Revolution, with specific details about
the latter, especially after the Pact of Biak-na-Bato had collapsed.
3. The mention of Rizal's execution, calling it unjust.
4. The Cavite Mutiny of January 1872 that caused the infamous
execution ofthe martyred native priests Jose Burgos, Mariano
Gomez, and Jacinto Zamora, “whose innocent blood was shed
through the intrigues of thoseso-called religious orders” that
cited the three secular priests in the saidmutiny.
5. The established republic would be led under the dictatorship
of EmilioAguinaldo.
6. Its explanation on the Philippine flag that was first waved on
the same day.
Analysis of the “Proclamation of the
As mentioned earlier, a re-examination of the document on the declaration
of independence can reveal some often overlooked historical truths about
this important event in Philippine history:
1. The document reflects the general revolutionary sentiment of that period.

2. The proclamation also gives us the impression on how the victorious
revolutionary government of Aguinaldo historicized the struggle for
independence.
3. There were mentions of past events that were seen as important turning
points of the movement against Spain.
4. However, the Katipunan as the pioneer of the revolutionary movement
was only mentioned once toward the end of the document. There was no
mention of the Katipunan's foundation. Bonifacio and his co-founders were
also left out. The enmity between Aguinaldo's Magdalo and Bonifacio's
Magdiwang in the Katipunan is no secret in the pages of our history.
5. The point is, even official records and documents like the proclamation
of independence, while truthful most of the time, still exude the politics and
biases of whoever is in power.
•This manifests in the selectiveness of information that can be found in
these records.
• It is the task of the historian, thus, to analyze the content of these
documents in relation to the dominant politics and the contexts of people
and institutions surrounding it.

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KKK and Kartilya ng

Magdiwang ( From the word diwang means celebrate)

4. Bonifacio's Flag: Created by women members of the Katipunan and first

8. Pio del Pilar's Flag: Known as "Bandila ng Matagumpay" (Victorious Flag)

The declaration was a short 2,000-word

1. A characterization of the conditions in the Philippines during the

1. The document reflects the general revolutionary sentiment of that period.

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