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Greenhouse Farming In India (Beginner Guide 2023)

March 5, 2023 by amar sawant

Nowadays, many farmers are shifting farming to other professions due to insufficient financial protection. Climatic change is a
significant challenge for the farmer. More than 95% of farmer uses the traditional farming technique in India. To earn more
profit from agriculture, we must adopt modern techniques such as Greenhouse farming ( polyhouse farming), hydroponic
farming, and aquaponic farming.

Table of Contents
1. Introduction of Greenhouse:
2. Advantages of Greenhouse:
3. How to start Greenhouse farming?
4. 1) Overview Of Greenhouse
5. I ) Types of Greenhouse:
5.1. A) Greenhouse type based on Shape
5.2. B) Greenhouse type based on construction
5.3. C) Greenhouse type based on covering materials
5.4. D) Greenhouse type based on ventilation
5.4.1. 1. Natural Vent Greenhouse –
5.4.2. 2. Climate control Greenhouse (Fan & Pad Polyhouses) –
 6. II) Point to consider before Selecting a Greenhouse site
7. III) Which Crop is Suitable for Greenhouse Farming
8. What are the most profitable crops to grow in a greenhouse?
9. 2) Apply For Bank Loan
10. Download the Greenhouse Farming project report pdf
10.1. List Of the Banks Providing Horticulture Loan
11. 3) Apply for Greenhouse Subsidy
12. 4) Place an order from the Greenhouse construction company.
12.1. Construction Rate for Polyhouse
13. 5) Plant Booking/ Ordering
13.1. List Of Hi-tech Nursery Company
14. 6) Cultural practices
15. 7) Marketing:
15.1. List Of Major Flower Agent/ Broker

In India, we import many fruits, vegetables, and flowers from other countries and pay them very good money. Suppose we

grow this flower vegetable & fruit in our country with the help of modern techniques. In that case, we can earn an outstanding
amount of money, so I say this modern technique, like greenhouse farming, will improve the living standard of our Indian

farmers.


Introduction Of Greenhouse:
Before starting Greenhouse farming, let’s clarify some concepts…

What is Greenhouse?
A Greenhouse is a framed structure covered with a transparent material that is large enough to grow crops under partial or
fully controlled environmental conditions for optimum growth and productivity.

Greenhouse Technology is the technique of providing favorable environmental conditions to the plants.

The greenhouse industry is the fastest-growing sector of all agricultural production activities. The greenhouse is goldmines
that offer the most profitable business opportunities.

The use of the greenhouse is mainly for producing seasonal and non-seasonal crops, the production of high-quality flowers,
vegetables, and the preparation of a nursery prepared by tissue culture.

Greenhouses offer many advantages.

Advantages Of Greenhouse:
The yield maybe 10-12 times higher than outdoor cultivation depending on the type of greenhouse, type of crop, and
environmental control facilities.
Reliability of crop increases under greenhouse cultivation.
Ideally suited for vegetables and flower crops.
Year-round production of floricultural crops.
Off-season production of vegetable and fruit crops.
Disease-free and genetically superior transplants can be produced continuously.
Efficient utilization of chemicals and pesticides to control pests and diseases.
Water requirement of crops very limited and easy to control
How To Start Greenhouse Farming?
Greenhouse farming requires a heavy expenditure on infrastructure, equipment, labor, and raw material. To become successful,
a greenhouse farmer needs to have knowledge in three areas – technical, economic, and marketing – to be successful. They
need to complete a training program before they start their own business.

If you want to start greenhouse farming, We provide complete training and consultancy program.

Enroll Greenhouse Business Blueprint program

To start greenhouse farming, follow this step.



1) Overview Of Greenhouse
What is the difference between greenhouse and Polyhouse?

There is no such difference between polyhouse and greenhouse. The greenhouse is a broad term; Polyhouse is among the
kinds of Greenhouse in which polyfilm (polyethylene) is used as the main material for construction so it is called polyhouse,

If greenhouse made with glass material then it is call glass greenhouse

The durability of the polyhouse is more compared to other types of Greenhouse.

Let’s understand which are the different types of greenhouse –

I ) Types Of Greenhouse:
Different types of greenhouses are available based on shape, construction, material, and ventilation. Each greenhouse type
has its own advantage. Different types of greenhouses are designed according to match specific needs.

Generally, in India, sawtooth Natural ventilated greenhouse is used for cut flower and vegetable production purposes.

A) Greenhouse Type Based On Shape

1. Sawtooth-type Greenhouse
2. Ridge and furrow type greenhouse
 3. Uneven span type greenhouse
4. Even span type of greenhouse.
5. Sawtooth type.
6. Quonset greenhouse.
7. Interlocking ridges greenhouse.
8. Ground-to-ground greenhouse

B) Greenhouse Type Based On Construction

1. Wooden framed structures – It is a low-cost greenhouse for Vegetable Production.

2. Pipe-framed structures

C) Greenhouse Type Based On Covering Materials

1. Glass greenhouse – Glass greenhouse most suitable for cold weather country like United states, Canada
 2. Plastic greenhouse – plastic greenhouse also called polyhouse which is mostly used in India


D) Greenhouse Type Based On Ventilation

1. Natural Vent Greenhouse –


This type of greenhouse is based on natural ventilation, and depending on the crop’s requirement, the temperature, humidity,
and carbon dioxide gas can be maintained as per the requirement.

In this Greenhouse, upper and side shade nets prevent insect and bacterial access to control inside temperature.

This type of greenhouse is used to produce cut flower-like Gerbera, Dutch rose, Carnation, Lily & Vegetables like Colour
capsicum, Tomato, Cucumber, and Exotic vegetables.

2. Climate Control Greenhouse (Fan & Pad Polyhouses) –

In such a greenhouse, temperature and humidity are controlled by using micro-irrigation techniques. In this type of greenhouse,
the internal environment is fully managed.

This type of greenhouse is mostly used for Hi-tech nurseries and hi-tech hydroponic project

II) Point To Consider Before Selecting A Greenhouse Site

Before starting greenhouse farming, you have to consider the following point to become successful in greenhouse farming.

1. Soil PH Should be between 5.5 to 6.5 and EC (Volatility) 0.3 to 0.5 mm/cm.
2. Good water quality is continuously available.
3. The irrigation water samples should be range from PH 5.5 to 7.0 and E.C. 0.1 to 0.3
4. The selected place should be pollution-free.
5. There should be roads for the transportation and shipping goods in the market.
6. The place should be large enough for the upcoming expansion.
7. Workers should be available easily.
8. There should be excellent communication facilities in place.
9. The drainage of the soil should be excellent.
III) Which Crop Is Suitable For Greenhouse Farming
Greenhouse farming requires high investment; hence though the crop has high commercial value & sustainable market
demand, this crop is cultivated in the Greenhouse.

Floriculture crop, like all cut flower & vegetable, is mainly grown in the greenhouse.

What Are The Most Profitable Crops To Grow In A Greenhouse?

The profitability of greenhouse crops depends on the market, climatic conditions, labor, and raw material availability.

List of Most Popular Floriculture and vegetable growing crops in a Greenhouse.

Floriculture Vegetable & Fruit

Gerbera Colour Capsicum

Dutch Rose Cucumber

Carnations Tomato

Anthurium Exotic vegetable

Lily Strawberry

Orchids

Gypsophila

Limonium
 Alstroemeria

2) Apply For Bank Loan

The initial investment in greenhouse farming is enormous. To start, Greenhouse farming costs come to approximately 40 Lac-
60 Lac ( polyhouse farming cost per acre )

Many banks are interested in providing Horticulture loans to farmers.

To get a loan for the greenhouse, you have to Create a Greenhouse farming project report and present it to the bank. Also, this
project report helps apply subsidies for the greenhouse.

Steps for creating a project report



 1. Introduction about Greenhouse farmer

2. The need for a Greenhouse project

3. Technical analysis

4. Economical analysis

Download The Greenhouse Farming Project Report Pdf

Get Project Report

List of documents required in the bank

1. Detailed Project Report

2. 8 “A” land Report
3. 7/12 of land Report
4. Estimate of polyhouse
5. Blueprint of polyhouse
6. Estimate of plants
7. Estimate of Irrigation
8. Soil and water analysis report
9. Buyer’s letter

Banks provide Loans with 12% – 14% interest for the 5-7 year period, and mainly, many banks offer EMI (equated monthly
installment) options quarterly or every six months.

For subsidy, the purpose takes loans from national and district banks.

List Of The Banks Providing Horticulture Loan

1. State Bank Of India

2. Bank of Baroda
3. Bank of India
 4. Maharashtra Bank
5. IDBI Bank

3) Apply For Greenhouse Subsidy

Our Indian government promotes greenhouse farming; they offer a subsidy for greenhouse farming through the horticulture
department.

The government gives a subsidy of 50%-60% to the project cost of the greenhouse. The subsidy percentage varies from state
to state.

For subsidy-related information, read the guideline NHM & NHB website or contact the nearest government agriculture officer.

Before applying for the subsidy following document required


1. Detailed Project Report
 2. Certified Copy of record of rights over the piece of project land ( 7/12 of land)
 3. loan sanctioned letter issued by the bank with complete terms & conditions


For NHB, you can apply online here, click

National Horticulture Board subsidy norm

source: NHB

National Horticulture Mission subsidy norm



Source: NHM

4) Place An Order From The Greenhouse Construction Company.

After the government approves a Letter of Intent (LOI) for subsidy & approval of a bank loan Next step is to Start greenhouse
construction. There are many greenhouse construction companies available in the market. Contact them and check past
company projects ( work quality) & negotiated for greenhouse construction rate.

Construction Rate For Polyhouse

Greenhouse construction cost (Polyhouse) starts around Rs.700 to Rs.1000 per square meter. The cost depends on the quality
of the material, size, shape, transport, and structure.
 5) Plant Booking/ Ordering

source: Rise n’ Shine

To produce a good quality flower and vegetable, planting material quality must be superior and free from any disease.

In India, very few nurseries provide planting material for greenhouses, so place a booking order before setup a plastic cover on

the greenhouse to avoid delay in the plantation.


before plant booking following points should be considered

1. Which variety has high market demand

2. Variety yield performance report
3. Which variety is suitable for your climate
4. Disease and pest report

You can collect this information from a nursery representative or another greenhouse owner; also, remember plant nursery
companies not only sell plants; they entirely give plant cultivation guidance, so don’t hesitate any plant-related queries.

List Of Hi-Tech Nursery Company

KF Bio plants
Florance Flora
Rise & Shine

6) Cultural Practices
Every growing plant has a different cultivation and management procedure. Plant nursery company provides detailed
guidelines for fertilization schedule and pest & disease control management procedures.

You can find the greenhouse crop cultivation guide here gerbera cultivation guide, dutch rose cultivation guide, carnation
cultivation, and capsicum cultivation.

The Key to becoming a successful greenhouse farmer is “Evey day close monitoring crop” it helps understand any pest or
disease attack on the crop early. Also, it helps to understand nutrient deficiency in the plant.

Some essential tools and chemicals must be required for every greenhouse farmer.
 EC-PH Meter – This meter is helpful for soil and water analysis. It is important to decide on a fertilizer dose
combination. Buy – EC-PH Meter
Hygrometer -Thermometer – This device show humidity and temperature inside the greenhouse. Buy –
Hygrometer -Thermometer
Weighing Scale – This device helps measure the required quantity of fertilizer per dose.
Buy – Weighing Scale
Soil sterilization – Hydrogen Peroxide with Silver is mainly used for soil sterilization. Kumaran Enterprise is the leading
manufacturer of hydrogen peroxide with silver.

7) Marketing:

The export-quality product is grown in the greenhouse according to market specifications. It is then packaged and sold by the
polyhouse grower itself or with the help of an agent or broker.

The major markets are metro cities like Hyderabad, Mumbai, Delhi, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, Pune, and Bangalore for cut flowers
and vegetables crop.

Most polyhouse growers market their products with the help of a broker/agent. For cut flower agents, work on a 10%
commission.

List Of Major Flower Agent/ Broker

1. Baba Flower
Guddi Malkapur, Mendipetnum Indra Reddy Flower Market, Hyderabad
2. Nizam Flower
New Osmanguni, Hyderabad