Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 13 views

    Chapter 5 Signal and System

    Uploaded by

    s221151543
    Discrete-time systems are described by difference equations rather than differential equations. They experience events at discrete points in time rather than continuously. An example of a simple discrete-time system is one where the signal value at time n is 1.97 times the value at time n-1 minus the value at time n-2. Discrete-time systems can be modeled using block diagrams similar to continuous-time systems, with blocks representing delays, summing junctions, and amplifiers. Properties like homogeneity, additivity, linearity, and time-invariance carry the same meanings between discrete and continuous domains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Chapter 5 Signal and System

    Uploaded by

    s221151543
    13 views8 pages
    Discrete-time systems are described by difference equations rather than differential equations. They experience events at discrete points in time rather than continuously. An example of a simple discrete-time system is one where the signal value at time n is 1.97 times the value at time n-1 minus the value at time n-2. Discrete-time systems can be modeled using block diagrams similar to continuous-time systems, with blocks representing delays, summing junctions, and amplifiers. Properties like homogeneity, additivity, linearity, and time-invariance carry the same meanings between discrete and continuous domains.

    Original Title

    Chapter 5 signal and system

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Discrete-time systems are described by difference equations rather than differential equations. They experience events at discrete points in time rather than continuously. An example of a simple discrete-time system is one where the signal value at time n is 1.97 times the value at time n-1 minus the value at time n-2. Discrete-time systems can be modeled using block diagrams similar to continuous-time systems, with blocks representing delays, summing junctions, and amplifiers. Properties like homogeneity, additivity, linearity, and time-invariance carry the same meanings between discrete and continuous domains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views8 pages

    Chapter 5 Signal and System

    Uploaded by

    s221151543
    Discrete-time systems are described by difference equations rather than differential equations. They experience events at discrete points in time rather than continuously. An example of a simple discrete-time system is one where the signal value at time n is 1.97 times the value at time n-1 minus the value at time n-2. Discrete-time systems can be modeled using block diagrams similar to continuous-time systems, with blocks representing delays, summing junctions, and amplifiers. Properties like homogeneity, additivity, linearity, and time-invariance carry the same meanings between discrete and continuous domains.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 8

    Description of Discrete-Time

    Systems
    Growth of Discrete-Time Systems

    • With the increase in speed and decrease in


    cost of digital system components, discrete-
    time systems have experienced and are still
    experiencing rapid growth in modern
    engineering system design
    • Discrete-time systems are usually described
    by difference equations

    10/24/2023 M. J. Roberts - All Rights Reserved 2


    Block Diagram Symbols

    The block diagram symbols for a summing junction and an


    amplifier are the same for discrete-time systems as they are
    for continuous-time systems.

    Block diagram symbol for a delay

    ‘D’ means delay one unit in discrete


    time.
    10/24/2023 M. J. Roberts - All Rights Reserved 3
    Discrete-Time Systems
    In a discrete-time system events occur at points in time but not
    between those points. The most important example is a digital
    computer. Significant events occur at the end of each clock
    cycle and nothing of significance (to the computer user) happens
    between those points in time.

    Discrete-time systems can be described by difference (not


    differential) equations. Let a discrete-time system generate an
    excitation signal y[n] where n is the number of discrete-time
    intervals that have elapsed since some beginning time n = 0.
    Then, for example a simple discrete-time system might be
    described by
    y  n  = 1.97 y  n − 1 − y  n − 2

    10/24/2023 M. J. Roberts - All Rights Reserved 4


    Discrete-Time Systems
    The equation
    y  n  = 1.97 y  n − 1 − y  n − 2

    says in words

    “The signal value at any time n is 1.97 times the signal value at the
    previous time [n -1] minus the signal value at the time before that
    [n - 2].”
    If we know the signal value at any two times, we can compute its
    value at all other (discrete) times. This is quite similar to a
    second-order differential equation for which knowledge of two
    independent initial conditions allows us to find the solution for all
    time and the solution methods are very similar.
    10/24/2023 M. J. Roberts - All Rights Reserved 5
    Discrete-Time Systems
    y  n  = 1.97 y  n − 1 − y  n − 2
    We could solve this equation by iteration using a computer.

    We could also describe the system


    with a block diagram.

    10/24/2023 M. J. Roberts - All Rights Reserved 6


    Discrete-Time Systems
    y  n  = 1.97 y  n − 1 − y  n − 2
    With the initial conditions y[-1] = 0 and y[0] = 1 the response
    is

    10/24/2023 M. J. Roberts - All Rights Reserved 7


    System Properties

    • The properties of discrete-time systems have


    the same meaning as they do in continuous-
    time systems (homogenous, additive, linear,
    time-invariance, etc)

    10/24/2023 M. J. Roberts - All Rights Reserved 8

    You might also like