ZIET BHUBANESWAR

Chapter–10: Wave Optics

1. When light from a monochromatic source is incident on a single narrow slit, it gets diffracted and a
pattern of alternate bright and dark fringes is obtained on screen, called "Diffraction Pattern" of single slit. In
diffraction pattern of single slit, it is found that
(I) Central bright fringe is of maximum intensity and the intensity of any secondary bright fringe decreases
with increase in its order.
(II) Central bright fringe is twice as wide as any other secondary bright or dark fringe.

Question (i) A single slit of width 0.1 mm is illuminated by a parallel beam of light of wavelength 6000 A
and diffraction bands are observed on a screen 0.5 m from the slit. The distance of the third dark band from
the central bright band is
(a) 3 mm (b) 1.5 mm (c) 9 mm (d) 4.5 mm

Question (ii) A diffraction pattern is obtained by using a beam of red light. What will happen, if the red light
is replaced by the blue light?
(a) bands disappear
(b) bands become broader and farther apart
(c) no change will take place
(d) diffraction bands become narrower and crowded together.

2. Huygens’ Principle: Huygens’ principle is the basis of wave theory of light. Each point on a wavefront
acts as a fresh source of new disturbance, called secondary waves or wavelets. The secondary wavelets
spread out in all directions with the speed of light in the given medium.
An initially parallel cylindrical beam travels in a medium of refractive index µ(I)= µ 0 + µ2 I, where µ0 and
µ2 are the positive constants and I is the intensity of the light beam. The intensity of the beam is decreasing
with increasing radius.

i. The initial shape of the wave front of the beam is ?

a. Planar (b)convex (c) concave (d) both (a) and (b)
ii. In Huygens theory , light waves are longitudinal and do not require a material medium for their
propagation.
a. True (b) False
iii. As beam enters into the medium , it will

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(a)travel as a cylindrical beam (b) diverge
(c) converge (d) diverge near the axis and converge near the periphery.
iv. According to Huygens’ Principle the surface of constant phase is called
a. An optical ray (b) a wave (c) a wavefront (d) always linear in shape
3. Young’s double-slit experiment uses two coherent sources of light placed at a small distance apart,
usually, only a few orders of magnitude greater than the wavelength of light is used. Young’s double-slit
experiment helped in understanding the wave theory of light which is explained with the help of a diagram.
A screen or photo detector is placed at a large distance ’D’ away from the slits as shown. The original
Young’s double-slit experiment used diffracted light from a single source passed into two more slits to be
used as coherent sources. Lasers are commonly used as coherent souce in the modern-day experiments.

i. In Young’s Double Slit Experiment, if instead of monochromatic light white light is used, what
would be the observation?
(a) The pattern will not be visible
(b) The shape of the pattern will change from hyperbolic to circular
(c) Coloured fringes will be observed with a white bright fringe at the center
(d) The bright and dark fringes will change position
ii. What kind of sources is required for Young’s Double Slit experiment?
(a) Coherent (b) Incoherent (c) Intense (d) Bright
iii. If the distance between the two slits is doubled, the fringe width _________
(a) Doubles (b) Halves (c) Four-times (d) Remains same
iv. There is no effect on the interference pattern when the width of the slit is increased.
(a) True (b) False

4.Jimmy and Johnny were both creating a series of circular waves by jiggling their legs in water. The waves
form a pattern similar to the diagram as shown. Their friend, Anita, advised Jimmy and Johnny not to play
with water for a long time. She then observed beautiful patterns of ripples which became very colourful.
When her friend Latha poured an oil drop on it. Latha, a 12th standard girl, had explained the cause for
colorful ripple patterns to Anita earlier.

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 (i)Name the phenomenon involved in the activity
(A) Reflection
(B) Refraction
(C) Interference
(D) Polarization
(ii) A surface over which an optical wave has a constant phase is called.
(A) Wave
(B) Wave front
(C) Elasticity
(D) None of these
(iii) Which of the following is correct for light diverging from a point source?
(A)The intensity decreases in proportion for the distance squared.
(B)The wave front is parabolic
(C)The intensity at the wavelength does depend of the distance.
(D)None of these.
(iv)The phenomena which is not explained by Huygens’s construction of wave front
(A) reflection
(B) diffraction
(C) refraction
(D) origin of spectra
(v)Huygens’s concept of secondary wave
A. allows us to find the focal length of a thick lens
B. is a geometrical method to find a wave front
C. is used to determine the velocity of light
D. is used to explain polarization
5. CD reflecting rainbow colours:
Almost all of you have seen a rainbow formation on rainy days. Well, rainbow is formed because water
droplets in the atmosphere separate white light into different colours of the rainbow.

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Compact Disc (CD) also resembles the same kind of colours when viewed from different angles. Recorded
data on CD is stored in microscopic pits of different lengths which carries information in the CD. These pits
are placed in a row of the same width and at equal distance. This forms a diffraction grating on the CD
mirror surface.

i. Formation of rainbow colours on the CD is due to

(A) Reflection
(B) Refraction
(C) Diffraction
(D) None of these
ii)The recorded data on the discs behaves as
A. Diffraction grating
B. Rainbow
C. Drops
D. Colours
iii)Bending of light at the corners of the door is an example of
(A) Reflection
(B) Refraction
(C) Interference
(D) Diffraction
(iv) Which of the following is an example of diffraction?
(A)Holograms
(B) Sun appears red during sunset
C. From the shadow of an object
D. All of these
(v)The intensity of light from the central maxima goes on ……in diffraction pattern.
(A) Increasing
(B) Decreasing
(C) Both a and b
(D) Neither a nor b

6. Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

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Geeta was watching her favourite TV programme KBC. Suddenly the picture started shaking on the TV
Screen. She asked her elder brother to check the dish antenna. Her brother found nothing wrong with the
antenna. A little later, Geeta again noticed the same problem on the TV Screen. At the same time, she heard
the sound of a low flying aircraft passing over their house. She asked her brother again. His brother being a
Physics student explained the cause of shaking the picture on the TV Screen when aircraft passes over head.

i. Why does the picture started shaking when a low lying aircraft passes overhead?

(a) Due to Interference

(b) Due to reflection
(c) Due to refraction
(d) Due to polarization

ii. Which of the following does not show any interference pattern?
a) Soap bubble
b) Excessively thin film
c) A thick film
d) Wedge Shaped film

iii. The main principle used in Interference is _

a) Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle
b) Superposition Principle
c) Quantum Mechanics
d) Fermi Principle

iv. The shape of the fringes observed in interference is

a) Straight b)Circular
c) Hyperbolic d) Elliptical

v. When Two waves of same amplitude add constructively, the intensity becomes ….
a) Double
b) Half
c) Four Times
d) One-Fourth

7. Read the passage given below and answer the following questions
Almost all of you have seen a rainbow formation on rainy days. Well, rainbow is formed because water
droplets in the atmosphere separate white light into different colours of the rainbow. Compact Disc (CD)
also resembles the same kind of colours when viewed from different angles. Recorded data on CD is stored
in microscopic pits of different lengths which carries information in the CD. These pits are placed in a row
of the same width and at equal distance. This forms a diffraction grating on the CD mirror surface.
i. Formation of rainbow colours on the CD is due to
(a) Reflection (b) Refraction
(c) Diffraction (d) None of these

ii. The recorded data on the discs behaves as

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(a) Diffraction grating
(b) Rainbow
(c) Drops
(d) Colours

iii. Bending of light at the corners is an example of

(a) Reflection
(b) Refraction
(c) Interference
(d) Diffraction

iv. The intensity of light from the central maxima goes on ……In Diffraction pattern.
(a) Increasing
(b) Decreasing
(c) Both a and b
(d) Neither a nor b

8.The phenomenon of bending of light around the sharp corners and the spreading of light within the
geometrical shadow of the opaque obstacles is called diffraction of light. The light thus deviates from its
linear path. The deviation becomes much more pronounced, when the dimensions of the aperture or the
obstacle are comparable to the wavelength of light.

i. Light seems to propagate in rectilinear path because

(a) its spread is very large

(b) its wavelength is very small
(c) reflected from the upper surface of atmosphere
(d) it is not absorbed by atmosphere

ii. In diffraction from a single slit the angular width of the central maxima does not depend on
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(a) λ of light used (b) width of slit
(c) distance of slits from the screen (d) ratio of λ and slit width
iii. For a diffraction from a single slit, the intensity of the central point is

(a) infinite
(b) finite and same magnitude as the surrounding maxima
(c) finite but much larger than the surrounding maxima
(d) finite and substantially smaller than the surrounding maxima
iv. In a single diffraction pattern observed on a screen placed at D metre distance from the slit of width
d metre, the ratio of the width of the central maxima to the width of other secondary maxima is

(i)2:1 (ii)2:3 (iii) 1:1 (iv) 3:2

9.Interference is based on the superposition principle. According to this principle, at a particular point in the
medium, the resultant displacement produced by a number of waves is the vector sum of the displacements
produced by each of the waves. If two sodium lamps illuminate two pinholes S 1 and S2. the intensities will
add up and no interference fringes will be observed on the screen. Here the source undergoes abrupt phase
change in times of the order of 10-10 seconds.

i. Two coherent sources of intensity 9 W/m2 and 25 W/m2 interfere to form fringes. Find the
ratio of maximum intensity to minimum intensity
(i) 10:3 (ii) 16:1 (iii) 4:1 (iv) 2:1
ii. In a Young's double-slit experiment, the slit separation is doubled. To maintain the same
fringe spacing on the screen, the screen-to-slit distance D must be changed to
(i)2D (ii) 4D (iii) D/2 (iv) D/4
iii. The maximum number of possible interference maxima for slit separation equal to twice
the wavelength in Young's double-slit experiment, is
(i)infinite (ii)five (iii)three (iv)zero
iv. The resultant amplitude of a vibrating particle by the superposition of the two waves,
y1 = a sin [ωt+π/3] and y2 = a sin ωt

(i) a (ii)22 a (iii)2 a (iv)3 a

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10. The given diagram is the proof of the
refraction of wavefront when it is incident
on the separating surface named PQ. Here
AB is the plane wavefront incident on PQ at
angle i. Here medium 2 is denser having
refractive index μ2 (μ2 >μ1) with respect
to medium 1. According to Huygens
principle every point of wavefront AB is a
source of secondary wavelets. Here velocity
of wavelets in medium 1 is v1 and in medium
2 is v2. The secondary wavelet from B strikes
at point C after t seconds. Here incident
wavefront, refracted wavefront and normal
all are in same plane.

Q (i). According to snail’s law here sin(i) /sin (r) is equal to

(A) μ1 μ2 (B) μ1 / μ2 (C) μ2 / μ1 (D) None of these

Q (ii). What will be the angle of refraction when light wavelets incident from air to medium 2 having
refractive index 1.5?
(A) 19.2 (B) 29.2 (C) 45 (D) none of these

Q (iii). Calculate the time taken to travel normally through a glass slab of thickness 1mm, of refractive index
1.5.
(A) 25 X 10-2 m/s (B) 5 X 10-2 m/s
(C) 15 X 10-2 m/s (D) 25 X 10-4 m/s

Q (iv). A monochromatic light of wavelength 589nm is incident from air on a water surface. Then find out
the wavelength of refracted light-
(A) 4.42 x 10 -7 (B) 2.24 x 10-7
(C) 4.42 x 10-9 (D) 2.24 x 10-9

11.Interference is a pattern produced by the superposition of two waves. According to the superposition
principle at a particular point in the medium, the resultant displacement produced by a number of waves is
the vector sum of the displacement produced by each of the wave.
When the crest of a wave overlaps the crest of another wave of the same frequency at the same point, then
the resultant amplitude will be the sum of the amplitudes of individual waves. Then it is known as
constructive interference. It will be a bright band.
When the crest of one wave meets the trough of another wave, then the resultant amplitude is given as
difference of the two individual amplitudes. Then it is known as destructive interference. It will be a dark
fringe.

Q (i). Choose the wrong statement

(A) superposition is the redistribution of light energy
(B) In constructive interference intensity of light will increase

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(C) In destructive interference intensity of light will decrease
(D) interference can be generated by two identical sodium bulbs

Q (ii). Two beams of light of intensities I1 and I2, interfere to given an interference pattern. Here the ratio of
the maximum intensity to minimum intensity is 25/9 then I1/I2 is –
(A) 5/3 (B) 4 /3
(C) 81/625 (D) 16/25

Q (iii). If young’s double slit experiment is performed in water instead of air, then
(A) no fringe would be seen
(B) fringe width would decrease
(C) fringe width would increase
(D) fringe width will remain same

Q (iv) in young’s double slit experiment, the slit width and distance of slits from the screen both are halved.
Then the fringe width will
(A) increase (B) decrease
(C) remain unchanged (D) none of these

12. The phenomenon of bending of light around the sharp corners and the spreading of light within the
geometrical shadow of the opaque obstacles is called the diffraction of light. The light thus deviates from its
linear path. The deviation becomes more prominent when the dimensions of the aperature or the obstacle are
comparable to the wavelength of light.
i. Light seems to propagate in rectilinear path because
a) its spread is very large
b) its wavelength is very small
c) it is not absorbed by atmosphere
d) it is reflected by atmosphere
ii. In diffraction from a single slit the angular width of the central maxima doesn’t depend on
a. wavelength of light used.
b. width of slit
c. Distance of slits from the source
d. ratio of wavelength and slit width
iii. For a diffraction from a single slit, the intensity of the central point is
a) infinite
b) finite and same magnitude as the surrounding maxima
c) finite but much larger than the surrounding maxima
d) finite and substantially smaller than the surrounding maxima.
iv. Resolving power of telescope increases when
a) wavelength of light decreases
b) wavelength of light increases
c) focal length of eye piece increases
d) focal length of eye piece decreases.
v. In a single diffraction pattern observed on a screen placed at D metre distance from the slit of width
d metre, the ratio of the width of the central maxima to the width of other secondary maxima is
a.) 2:1
b.) 1:2
c.) 1:1
d.) 3:1
13. Read the passage and answer any four

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 A photocell is an application of the photoelectric effect. Its electrical properties are affected by light. It is
called electric eye. A photocell consists of a semi cylindrical photosensitive metal plate(emitter) and a wire
loop(collector)supported in an evacuated glass bulb. It is connected to external circuit of high tension and
mico ammeter. Sometimes instead of the emitter a thin layer of photosensitive material is pasted inside the
bulb. A part of the bulb is left clean for the light to enter it. When light of suitable wavelength falls on the
emitter photoelectons are emitted. These photoelectrons are drawn to the collector. Photocurrent of the order
of micro ampere can be obtained from a photocell. It converts a change in intensity of illumination into a
change in photocurrent. This current can be used to operate controlled systems and in light measuring
devices.
i. Photocell is an application of
a. Thermoelectric effect
b. Photoelectric effect
c. Photoresistive effect
d. None of the above
ii. Photosensitive material should be connected to
a. –ve terminal of the battery
b. +ve terminal of the battery
c. Any one of (A) or (B)
d. Connected to ground
iii. Which of the following statement is true?
a. The photocell is totally painted black
b. A part of the photocell is left clean
c. The photocell is completely transparent
d. A part of the photocell is made black.
iv. The photocurrent generated is in the order of
a. Ampere
b. Milliampere
c. Microampere
d. None of the above
v. A photocell converts a change in ----- of incident light into a change in ------
a. Intensity, photovoltage
b. Wavelength, photovoltage
c. Frequency, photocurrent
d. Intensity, photo current

14.Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.

Polarisation of Light
Natural light i.e. light from the sun is unpolarised light. This means the electric field vector takes all possible
directions in the transverse plane, rapidly and randomly, during a measurement. A Polaroid transmits only
one component parallel to its optic axis. The resulting light is called plane polarized light. When this kind of
light is viewed through a second Polaroid whose axis turns through 2 π, two maxima and minima of
intensity are seen. Polarised light also can be produced by reflection at a certain angle, called Brewster angle
and the scattering through π/2 in the earth’s atmosphere.
Answer any four of the following questions

i. Polarisation of light proves

(a) corpuscular nature of light.
(b) quantum nature of light.
(c) transverse wave nature of light.
(d) longitudinal wave nature of light.

ii. Law of Malus is correctly expressed by the equation

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a. I= I0 2cos2 θ
b. I= I0 cos2 θ
c. I= I0 2sin2 θ
d. I= I0 tan θ

iii. Unpolarised light is incident on a plane glass surface at an angle of incidence i. If the reflected and
refracted rays are perpendicular to each other, then the angle of refraction r is related to i as
a. i +r = 900
b. i +r = 1800
c. i +r = 00
d. i +r = ic

iv. . The angle of incidence at which reflected light is totally polarised for reflection from air to glass
(refractive index n) is

v. Unpolarised light of intensity I0 is incident on a polarizer P1 . Another polarizer P2 is held parallel

to it such that its pass axis is oriented at an angle of 600 , then what percentage of light will emerge
from the system?
a. 32%
b. 100%
c. 12.5%
d. 37.5%

15. Read the passage given below and answer the following questions….
Young devised an ingenious experiment. Using sunlight diffracted through a small slit as a source of
coherent illumination, he projected the light rays emanating from the slit onto another screen containing two
slits placed side by side. Light passing through the slits was then allowed to fall onto a screen. Young
observed distinct bands of color separated by dark regions in a serial order. Young coined the
term interference fringes to describe the bands and realized that these coloured bands could only be
produced if light were acting like a wave. The phenomenon of interference of light is due to the
redistribution of energy.

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IF I1 and I2 be the intensity of light from two slits and φ be the phase difference, then the resultant
intensity at a point on the screen is given by I = I1 + I2 + 2 I1I2 cos φ .For bright fringe φ = 2nπ and for
dark fringe φ = (2n – 1)π.

(i) Interference of light is a consequence of the

(A) transverse nature of light
(B) Longitudinal nature of light
(C) Particle nature of light
(D) Wave nature of light
(ii) If the distance of the screen from the plane of slits is small compared to the width of fringe then the
fringe pattern will be
(A) Parabola
(B) Hyperbola
(C) Spherical
(D) Nearly straight line
(iii) Consider the interference between two sources of intensities I and 4I. Then the intensity at the point
where the phase difference is π/2
(A) I
(B) 3I
(C) 5I
(D) 6I
(iv) Let a be the size of the source and S its distance from the plane of the two slits. For interference fringes
to be seen, the condition should be satisfied- (λ = wavelength of light, d = separation between the slits)
(A) a/S = λ/d
(B) a/S < λ/d
(C ) a/S > λ/d
(D) None of the above

16. Read the passage given below and answer the following questions….
When the double slit in Young’s experiment is replaced by a single narrow slit (illuminated by a
monochromatic source), a broad pattern with a central bright region is seen. On both sides, there are
alternate dark and bright regions, the intensity becoming weaker away from the centre. The variation of
intensity with the angle θ is shown in the figure.

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(i) In Young’s experiment if double slit is replaced by the single slit then dark and bright bands are formed
due to
(A) Interference
(B) Dispersion
(C) Diffraction
(D) Scattering
(ii) The linear width of the central maximum is
(A) λ/d
(B) 2λ/d
(C ) λ/2d
(D) d/λ
(iii) If the single slit experiment set up is immersed in a liquid of refractive index µ then the fringe width of
central maximum becomes
(A) µ times
(B) µ2 times
(C ) 1/µ times
(D) 1/µ2 times

(iv) To obtain the bright and dark fringe due to the single slit the width of the slit should be
(A) Large than the wavelength of light
(B) Very small than the wavelength of light
(C ) Does not depend on wavelength of light
(D) Comparable to the wavelength of light

17. Read the passage given below and answer the following Questions………

When waves from two coherent source, having amplitudes a and b superimpose, the amplitude R of the
resultant wave is given by..
R = a2 + b2 + 2ab cosφ

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Where φ is the constant phase angle between the waves. The resultant intensity I is directly proportional to
the square of the amplitude of the resultant wave, i.e., I α R2 i.e., I α (a2 +b2 +2ab cosφ)

For constructive interference, φ = 2nπ,

Imax = (a + b)2

For destructive interference,

φ = (2n- 1) π, Imin =(a - b)2

If I1 I2 are intensities of light from two slits of widths ω1 and ω2, then

I1/I2 = ω1/ω2 = a2/b2

Light waves from two coherent sources of intensity ratio 81:1 produce interference. Width the help of the
passage given above, choose the most appropriate alternative for each of the following questions:

i. The ratio of amplitude of two sources is

a. 9:1
b. 81:1
c. 1:9
d. 1:81

ii. The ratio of slit widths of the two sources is

a. 9:1
b. 81:1
c. 1:9
d. 1:81

iii. The ratio of maxima and minima in the interference pattern is

a. 9:1
b. 81:1
c. 25:16
d. 16:25

iv. If two slits in Young’s experiment have width ratio 1:4, the ratio of maximum and minimum
intensity in the interference pattern would be

a. 1:4
b. 1:16
c. 9:1
d. 9:16

v. The ratio of amplitudes of light waves from two source is

a. 1:4
b. 4:1
c. 2:1
d. 1:2

18. Power (P) of a lens is given by reciprocal of focal length (f) of the lens .i.e. P = 1/f .when f is in metre, P
is in diopter. For a convex lens, power is negative. When a number of thin lenses, o0s power p 1, p2, p3……
are held in contact with one another, the power of the combination is given by algebraic sum of the power of
all the lenses i.e.
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 P = p1 + p2 + p3 + ………….
With the help of the passage given above, choose the most appropriate alternative for each of the
following questions:

i. Two thin lenses are in contact and the focal length of the combination is 80 cm. I the focal length of
the one lens is 20 cm, the focal length of other lens would be
a. -26.7 cm
b. 60 cm
c. 80 cm
d. 20 cm

ii. Power of second lens is

a. -3.75 D
b. 0.5 D
c. –5D
d. 1.25 D

iii. The combination behaves as

a. Convex
b. Concave
c. Neither convex nor concave
d. Sometimes convex and sometimes concave.

iv. When a third lens of focal length -20 cm is placed in contact with the two lenses, power of the three
would be

a. -3.75 D
b. 3.75 D
c. 5.0 D
d. - 5.0 D

v. Focal length of the combined three lenses would be

a. 80 cm
b. 60 cm
c. 20 cm
d. -26.7 cm

19. When light from a monochromatic source is incident on a single narrow slit, it gets diffracted and a
pattern of alternate bright and dark fringes is obtained on screen, called "Diffraction Pattern" of single slit. In
diffraction pattern of single slit, it is found that
(I) Central bright fringe is ·of maximum intensity and the intensity of any secondary bright fringe
decreases with increase in its order.
(II) Central bright fringe is twice as wide as any other secondary bright or dark fringe .

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 Answer the questions based on the above study:
i. A single slit of width 0.1 mm is illuminated by a parallel beam of light of wavelength 6000 A and
diffraction bands are observed on a screen 0.5 m away from the slit. The distance of the third dark
band from the central bright band is
(a) 3 mm (b) 1.5 mm (c) 9 mm (d) 4.5 mm
ii. In Fraunhofer diffraction pattern, slit width is 0.2 mm and screen is at 2 m away from the lens. If
wavelength of light used is 5000 λ then the distance between the first minimum on either side the
central maximum is
(a) 10-1 m (b) 10-2 m (c) 2 x 10-2 m (d) 2 x 10-1 m
iii. Light of wavelength 600 nm is incident normally on a slit of width 0.2 mm. The angular width of
central maxima in the diffraction pattern is (measured from minimum to minimum)
(a) 6 x 10-3 rad (b) 4 x 10-3 rad(c) 2.4 x 10-3 rad (d) 4.5 x 10-3 rad
iv. A diffraction pattern is obtained by using a beam of red light. What will happen, if the red light is
replaced by the blue light?
a. bands disappear
b. bands become broader and farther apart
c. no change will take place
d. diffraction bands become narrower and crowded together.
v. To observe diffraction, the size of the obstacle
(a) should be A/2, where A is the wavelength. (b) should be of the order of wavelength.
(c) has no relation to wavelength. (d) should be much larger than the wavelength.

20.A narrow tube is bent in the form of a circle of radius R, as shown in figure. Two small holes Sand D are
made in the tube at the positions at right angle to each other. A source placed at S generates a wave of
intensity Io which is equally divided into two parts: one-part travels along the longer path, while the other
travels along the shorter path. Both the waves meet at point D where a detector is placed.

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 Answer the following question on the basis of the above case:
i. If a maxima is formed at a detector, then the magnitude of wavelength λ of the wave produced is
given by
(a)πR (b)πR/2 (c)πR/4 (d) all of these
ii. If the intensity ratio of two coherent sources used in Young's double slit experiment is 49 : 1, then
the ratio between the maximum and minimum intensities in the interference pattern is
(a) 1: 9 (b) 9: 16 (c) 25: 16 (d) 16: 9
iii. The maximum intensity produced at D is given by
(a) 4I0 (b) 2I0 (c) I0 (d) 3I0
iv. In a Young's double slit experiment, the intensity at a point where the path difference is λ/6 (λ -
wavelength of the light) is I. If I0 denotes the maximum intensity, then I/I0 is equal to
(a)1/2 (b)√3/2 (c)1/√2 (d)3/4
v. Two identical light waves, propagating in the same direction, have a phase difference d. After they
superpose the intensity of the resulting wave will be proportional to
(a)cosδ (b)cos(δ/2) (c)cos2(δ/2) (d)cos2δ

21. When light from a monochromatic source incident on a single narrow slit, it gets diffracted and a pattern
of alternate bright and dark fringes is obtained on screen, called – ‘diffraction pattern’ at single slit.
In diffraction pattern of single slit, it is found that –
i. Central bright fringe is of maximum intensity and the intensity of any secondary bright fringe
decreases with increase in its order.
ii. Central bright fringe is twice as wide as any other secondary bright or dark fringe.

i. A single slit of width 0.1 mm is illuminated by a parallel beam of light of wavelength 6000 Å and
diffraction band are observed on screen 0.5 m away from the slit. The distance of the third dark band from
central bright band is
A. 3.0 mm
B. 1.5 mm
C. 9.0 mm
D. 4.5 mm

ii. In Fraunhofer diffraction pattern, slit width is 0.2 mm and screen is at 2 m away from the lens. If the
wavelength of light used is 5000 Å then the distance between the first minimum on either side of the central
maximum is
A. 10-1 m
ZIET BHUBANESWAR 8/10/2021 Page 17
 B. 10-2 m
C. 2×10-2 m
D. 2×10-1 m

iii. Light of wavelength 600 nm is incident normally on a slit of width 0.2 mm. The angular width of
central maxima in the diffraction pattern is
A. 6×10-3 rad
B. 4×10-3 rad
C. 2.4×10-3 rad
D. 4.5×10-3 rad

iv. A diffraction pattern is obtained by using a beam of red light. What will happen if it is replaced by
blue light?
A. Bands disappear
B. Band become broader and father apart
C. No change will take place
D. Diffraction bands become narrower and crowded together

v. To observe diffraction, the size of obstacle

A. should be λ/2, where is the wavelength of light
B. should be of the order of wavelength
C. has no relation to wavelength
D. should be much larger than the wavelength

22. An initially parallel cylindrical beam travels in a medium of refractive index I=0+1I, where 0 and 1are
positive constants and I is the intensity of light beam. The intensity of the beam is decreasing with
increasing the radius.
i. The initial shape of the wavefront of the beam is
A. Planer
B. Convex
C. Concave
D. Convex near the axis and concave near the periphery

ii. According to Huygens’s Principle, the surface of constant phase is

A. called an optical ray
B. called a wave
C. called a wavefront
D. always linear in shape

ZIET BHUBANESWAR 8/10/2021 Page 18

 iii. As the beam enters the medium, it will
A. travel as a cylindrical beam
B. converge
C. diverge near the axis and converge near the periphery
D. diverge

iv. Two plan wavefront of light, one incident on thin convex lens and another on refracting face of a thin
prism. After refraction at them, the emerging wavefronts respectively become
A. Plane wavefront and plane wavefront
B. Plane wavefront and spherical wavefront
C. Spherical wavefront and plane wavefront
D. Spherical wavefront and spherical wavefront

v. Which is the following phenomenon supporting the wave theory of light?

1. Scattering
2. Interference
3. Diffraction
4. Polarization
A. 1, 2, 3
B. 2, 3, 4
C. 1, 3, 4
D. 1, 2, 4

1. i. ii. iii. iv. v.

C D
2. i. ii. iii. iv. v.
a b c c
3. i. ii. iii. iv. v.
c a b b
4 i. ii. iii. iv. v.
c b a d B
5 i. ii. iii. iv. v.
c a d d B
6 i. ii. iii. iv. v.
a b b c c
7 i. ii. iii. iv. v.
c a d b
8 i. ii. iii. iv. v.
b c c d
9 i. ii. iii. iv. v.
b a a d
10 a. ii. iii. iv. v.
c a b a
11 i. ii. iii. iv. v.
d c b c
12 i. ii. iii. iv. v.
a b c d
13 i. ii. iii. iv. v.

ZIET BHUBANESWAR 8/10/2021 Page 19

 a a b c d
14 i. ii. iii. iv. V
c a a d c
15 i. ii. iii. iv.
d b c b
16 i. ii. iii. iv. v.
c b c d
17 i. ii. iii. iv. v.
a b c c d
18 i ii. iii. iv. v.
A A A A d
19 i ii. iii. iv. v.
c b a d b
20 i ii. iii. iv. v.
d d b d C
21 i ii. iii. iv. v.
c b a d b
22 i. ii. iii. iv. v.
a c c c b
PREPARED BY :
PGTs OF BHUBANESWAR, GUWAHATI,KOLKOTA ,RANCHI,SILCHAR,TINSUKIA regions.
VETTED BY :TINSUKIA REGION

ZIET BHUBANESWAR 8/10/2021 Page 20