ASSIGNMENT-I

GRADE-11
SUBJECT-BIOLOGY
TOPIC-NEURAL CONTROL AND COORDINATION
1. Which of the following is not a part of the central nervous system?
a) Brain b) Spinal cord c) Nerves d) None of the above
2. What is the primary function of the nervous system?
a) Digestion c) Respiration
b) Coordination and control d) Reproduction
3. The basic functional unit of the nervous system is the:
a) Neuron c) Red blood cell
b) Muscle cell d) Epithelial cell
4. What type of neuron carries information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system?
a) Sensory neuron c) Interneuron
b) Motor neuron d) Relay neuron
5. The gap between two adjacent neurons where the transfer of the nerve impulse occurs is called:
a) Synapse c) Dendrite
b) Myelin sheath d) Axon
6. Which part of a neuron typically receives incoming signals from other neurons?
a) Axon c) Dendrite
b) Cell body d) Synapse
7. The part of the brain responsible for regulating vital functions like breathing and heart rate is the:
a) Cerebrum c) Medulla oblongata
b) Cerebellum d) Hypothalamus
8. Which of the following is responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system?
a) Schwann cells c) Microglia
b) Oligodendrocytes d) Astrocytes
9. Which neurotransmitter is associated with pleasure and reward in the brain?
a) Serotonin c) Acetylcholine
b) Dopamine d) GABA
10. The autonomic nervous system controls:
a) Voluntary actions c) Both voluntary and involuntary actions
b) Involuntary actions d) None of the above
11. What is the largest part of the human brain and responsible for higher-order thinking?
a) Cerebellum c) Cerebrum
b) Medulla oblongata d) Hypothalamus
12. The condition where an individual experiences chronic, involuntary muscle contractions is known as:
a) Epilepsy c) Multiple sclerosis
b) Parkinson's disease d) Tetanus
13. Which part of the brain is responsible for the coordination of muscle movements and balance?
a) Cerebrum c) Medulla oblongata
b) Cerebellum d) Pons
14. Which part of the eye is responsible for refracting light to form an image on the retina?
a) Cornea c) Retina
b) Lens d) Iris
15. The sympathetic nervous system is associated with the "fight or flight" response, while the
parasympathetic nervous system is associated with:
a) Rest and digest c) Fear and panic
b) Sleep and dream d) Hunger and thirst
16. Which of the following is a function of the cerebrospinal fluid?
a) Providing nutrients to the brain c) Aiding in temperature regulation
b) Cushioning and protecting the brain d) All of the above
17. Which disorder is characterized by a sudden and unpredictable occurrence of seizures?
a) Alzheimer's disease c) Multiple sclerosis
b) Epilepsy d) Parkinson's disease
18. A reflex arc typically includes which order of neurons?
a) Sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron c) Interneuron, motor neuron, sensory neuron
b) Motor neuron, sensory neuron, interneuron d) Motor neuron, interneuron, sensory neuron
19. What is the name of the insulating substance that surrounds axons and speeds up the transmission of nerve
impulses?
a) Neurilemma c) Myelin
b) Synapse d) Dendrite
20. The part of the brain that regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst is the:
a) Cerebrum c) Medulla oblongata
b) Cerebellum d) Hypothalamus
21. The neurotransmitter responsible for muscle contraction at neuromuscular junctions is:
a) Serotonin c) Acetylcholine
b) GABA d) Dopamine
22. Which part of the neuron transmits the nerve impulse away from the cell body?
a) Dendrite c) Synapse
b) Axon d) Myelin sheath
23. The part of the eye that contains the photoreceptor cells responsible for vision is the:
a) Cornea c) Retina
b) Sclera d) Choroid
24. The term "plasticity" in neuroscience refers to the brain's ability to:
a) Form new neurons c) Maintain a fixed structure
b) Change and adapt throughout life d) Regenerate lost brain cells
25. What type of neuron carries information from the central nervous system to muscles and glands?
a) Sensory neuron c) Interneuron
b) Motor neuron d) Relay neuron
26. Which neurotransmitter is associated with mood, sleep, and appetite regulation?
a) Serotonin c) Dopamine
b) GABA d) Acetylcholine
27. The part of the brainstem that controls vital reflexes such as breathing and heartbeat is the:
a) Pons c) Hypothalamus
b) Thalamus d) Corpus callosum
28. The condition in which there is a loss of myelin in the central nervous system, leading to disrupted nerve
signals, is known as:
a) Alzheimer's disease c) Multiple sclerosis
b) Epilepsy d) Parkinson's disease
29. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for "rest and digest" activities?
a) Sympathetic c) Somatic
b) Parasympathetic d) Central
30. What is the name of the fatty substance that surrounds and insulates axons in the peripheral nervous
system?
a) Dendrite c) Neurilemma
b) Synapse d) Myelin
31. The inability to control muscle movements and coordination is a symptom of which disorder?
a) Epilepsy c) Multiple sclerosis
b) Parkinson's disease d) Alzheimer's disease
32. The area of the brain responsible for processing sensory information and relaying it to the appropriate
regions is the:
a) Cerebrum c) Medulla oblongata
b) Cerebellum d) Thalamus
33. The optic nerve carries signals from the eye to which part of the brain for visual processing?
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Thalamus
34. Which part of the brain is responsible for maintaining balance and coordinating voluntary muscle
movements?
a) Cerebrum c) Medulla oblongata
b) Cerebellum d) Thalamus
35. The part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil to regulate the amount of light entering is the:
a) Cornea c) Retina
b) Lens d) Iris
36. In the nervous system, what is the role of the thalamus?
a) Regulation of body temperature
b) Processing sensory information and relaying it to the cerebrum
c) Control of basic life functions like breathing
d) Coordination of muscle movements
37. The condition characterized by a gradual loss of memory, cognitive function, and personality is known as:
a) Epilepsy c) Multiple sclerosis
b) Parkinson's disease d) Alzheimer's disease
38. What is the term for the protective covering of the brain and spinal cord made up of three layers?
a) Cerebrospinal fluid c) Synapses
b) Meninges d) Myelin sheath
39. The neurotransmitter responsible for inhibiting brain activity and promoting relaxation is:
a) GABA
b) Serotonin
c) Acetylcholine
d) Dopamine
40. The part of the brain responsible for regulating hunger and thirst is the:
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Hypothalamus
41. Which part of the brain is responsible for controlling basic life functions like breathing and heart rate?
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Thalamus
42. The disorder characterized by uncontrollable shaking, rigidity, and difficulty initiating movements is
known as:
a) Epilepsy
b) Parkinson's disease
c) Multiple sclerosis
d) Alzheimer's disease
43. The cranial nerve responsible for controlling eye movements is the:
a) Olfactory nerve
b) Optic nerve
c) Trochlear nerve
d) Abducens nerve
44. The myelin sheath is primarily composed of:
a) Neurilemma
b) Glial cells
c) Schwann cells
d) Fatty substances
45. The part of the brain responsible for regulating the body's internal environment, including body
temperature, hunger, and thirst, is the:
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Hypothalamus
46. The neurotransmitter associated with motor control and muscle movement is:
a) Serotonin
b) GABA
c) Acetylcholine
d) Dopamine
47. What is the function of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?
a) Speed up the transmission of nerve impulses
b) Protect the neuron from damage
c) Produce neurotransmitters
d) Transmit sensory information
48. The part of the brain responsible for processing and interpreting sensory information is the:
a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Thalamus
49. The condition in which there is a loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, leading to motor
dysfunction, is known as:
a) Epilepsy
b) Parkinson's disease
c) Multiple sclerosis
d) Alzheimer's disease
50. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response?
a) Sympathetic
b) Parasympathetic
c) Somatic
d) Central
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
51. Define a neuron and explain its basic structure.
52. What is the role of the myelin sheath in neuron function?
53. Describe the difference between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
54. Explain the process of synaptic transmission in the nervous system.
55. What are neurotransmitters, and how do they function in neural communication?
56. Describe the functions of the cerebrum and the cerebellum in the brain.
57. What is the importance of the hypothalamus in the brain?
58. Define reflex action and provide an example of a reflex arc.
59. Explain the roles of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system.
Assertion and Reason:
60. Assertion: The myelin sheath plays a crucial role in increasing the speed of nerve impulse transmission.
Reason: The myelin sheath insulates the axon, allowing for faster saltatory conduction.
61. Assertion: The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance.
Reason: The cerebellum receives sensory input from various parts of the body and integrates it to control
voluntary movements.
62. Assertion: Parkinson's disease is primarily characterized by the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in
the brain.
Reason: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in regulating motor control.
63. Assertion: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for the "fight or flight" response.
Reason: Activation of the sympathetic nervous system leads to increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and
heightened alertness.
64. Assertion: Reflex arcs involve the sensory neuron, motor neuron, and interneuron in that order.
Reason: Sensory neurons carry information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system,
interneurons process the information, and motor neurons transmit commands to muscles and glands.