This document summarizes a lab task on calculating the bandwidth of a rectangular pulse using Parseval's theorem. It provides the background on Parseval's theorem and defines pulse width and bandwidth. The procedure takes the Fourier transform of a rectangular pulse to get the sinc function frequency response. Matlab code is used to calculate the bandwidth for different pulse widths, verifying the inverse relationship between pulse width and bandwidth. The conclusion presents the key findings that bandwidth contains 90% of signal energy and has an inverse relationship with pulse width as defined by the formula B= 1/Ta Hz.
This document summarizes a lab task on calculating the bandwidth of a rectangular pulse using Parseval's theorem. It provides the background on Parseval's theorem and defines pulse width and bandwidth. The procedure takes the Fourier transform of a rectangular pulse to get the sinc function frequency response. Matlab code is used to calculate the bandwidth for different pulse widths, verifying the inverse relationship between pulse width and bandwidth. The conclusion presents the key findings that bandwidth contains 90% of signal energy and has an inverse relationship with pulse width as defined by the formula B= 1/Ta Hz.
This document summarizes a lab task on calculating the bandwidth of a rectangular pulse using Parseval's theorem. It provides the background on Parseval's theorem and defines pulse width and bandwidth. The procedure takes the Fourier transform of a rectangular pulse to get the sinc function frequency response. Matlab code is used to calculate the bandwidth for different pulse widths, verifying the inverse relationship between pulse width and bandwidth. The conclusion presents the key findings that bandwidth contains 90% of signal energy and has an inverse relationship with pulse width as defined by the formula B= 1/Ta Hz.
This document summarizes a lab task on calculating the bandwidth of a rectangular pulse using Parseval's theorem. It provides the background on Parseval's theorem and defines pulse width and bandwidth. The procedure takes the Fourier transform of a rectangular pulse to get the sinc function frequency response. Matlab code is used to calculate the bandwidth for different pulse widths, verifying the inverse relationship between pulse width and bandwidth. The conclusion presents the key findings that bandwidth contains 90% of signal energy and has an inverse relationship with pulse width as defined by the formula B= 1/Ta Hz.
Submitted By : Syed Abuzar Hussain Shah Reg # SP15-BEE-096 Submitted To: Sir Ateeq-ul-Anam Class: BEE-5A
Dated: 03/04/2017 Problem Statement : Find the band width of a rectangular pulse, having pulse width ‘ ’, using Parsaval’s theorem. Also derive a formula for calculating the band width of a pulse in terms of pulse width in hertz.
Literature Background : Parseval's theorem usually refers to the total energy of the signal which is equal to the integral of the square of a function.
Mathematically:
∫ ( ) ∫ ( ) (1)
Or
∫ ( ) ∫ ( ) (2)
These two equations represents the area under the curve of the signal which defines the energy of the signal.
Pulse Width ( ) is the time interval between the leading edge and trailing edge of a pulse at a point. Band Width is the range of frequencies within a given band, in particular that used for transmitting a signal. Its contain 90% of energy. We can find pulse width using Parsevals’s theorem. We will also see a relationship between pulse width and band width at the end of this lab task.
Procedure : Step 1:
Take a Fourier transform of a rectangular pulse and derive frequency domain
function F(f) (Sinc function), where ‘f’ is frequency in hertz.
Figure No 1: Rectangular Pulse (Frequency Response of Sinc function )
Step 2: Fourier Transform Now taking Fourier Transform of sinc function and then analyse it using MatLab.
X(jw) = ∫ ( )
( ) { (3)
⇒ F(w) = ∫
F(w) =
F(w) = [ ]
F(w) = [ ]
F(w) = [ ]
F(w) = [ ]
F(w) = ( )
F(w) = ( )
F(w) = ( )
F(w) = ( )
Step 3: Matlab Coding:
clc clear all close all
Ta=input('Enter pulsewidth (from 0 to 1) = ')
df=0.001; f=0; Ef=0;
while ((Ef/Ta)*100)<45 F=Ta*sinc(f*Ta); y=sum((F^2)*df); Ef=Ef+y; f=f+df; end B=f*2; disp(['B = ' num2str(B) 'Hz'])
Step 4: Input and Output:
Enter pulsewidth (from 0 to 1) = 0.1
Ta =
0.1000
B = 16.94Hz
Enter pulsewidth (from 0 to 1) = 0.4
Ta =
0.4000
B = 4.212Hz
Enter pulsewidth (from 0 to 1) = 0.5
Ta =
0.5000
B = 3.364Hz
Enter pulsewidth (from 0 to 1) = 0.9
Ta =
0.9000
B = 1.856Hz
Analysis and Observation:
In this lab I observed the changing behaviour of the bandwidth of a signal with changing pulse width. I find out the relation between bandwidth and pulse width which is :
B (4)
Table No 1:
S.NO Pulse Width ‘ ’ in second Band Width in Hertz
1 0.1 16.94 2 0.4 4.212 3 0.5 3.364 4 0.9 1.856 Question & Answers : Q1) Based on the above exercise, what can be possible definition of bandwidth ?
Ans. Bandwidth can be defined as the range of the frequencies within a given band containing 90% of energy that is used for transmission of a signal.
Q2) What is the relationship of proportionality between pulse width and
band width ?
Ans. Pulse width and Bandwidth are inversely proportional to each other. As one quantity(pulse width) increases, second one(band width) decreases. As mentioned in eq (1) and Table no 1.
Conclusion: From this lab I concluded that Bandwidth having 90% energy of the signal. Also pulse width and band width have inverse relation. Increase in one cause other to decrease. We can calculate the energy of the signal by Parseval’s Theorem. We can find Bandwidth from pulse width by formula: B= Hz
