KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN

REGIONAL OFFICE, JABALPUR REGION

Question Bank for Class XII-Mathematics

2020-21
An initiative of: Sh. Tajuddin Shaik
Deputy Commissioner KVS RO Jabalpur

Team-leader: Sh. Chandan Kohli

Principal K V 1 Rewa

Members of the Team [PGT Mathematics]

Sh. Daya Shankar Rai Sh. Raj Kumar Singh Smt. Shraddha Agrawal
[ K V Dhanpuri] [ K V 1 Rewa] [K V CMM JBP]

Sh. Mukesh Nigam Sh. S. K. Vishwakarma Sh. Apurwa Mitra Sh. B L TRIPATHI
[ K V 2 GCF JBP] [K V OFK JBP] [ K V Narsinghpur] [ K V 1 Rewa]
 FOREWORD

In the present pandemic scenario of Covid-19, KVS RO Jabalpur is conducting online classes
for the students of classes 6th -12th of all the Kendriya Vidyalayas of Jabalpur Region with the
help of dedicated teachers and support of VPs, PPLs. These classes are regularly observed by
ACs. As per feedback received from various stakeholders approximately 80% students
regularly attended daily online classes and benefitted. The online classes received
overwhelming appreciation not only from Jabalpur Region but from entire India and even non-
KVS Vidyalayas’ students were benefitted. Also we maintained a blog
https://www.kvsrojabalpur.in/. Daily recorded online classes links are being regularly updated
on the blog so that if any student misses the class, may watch it later.

Keeping in mind the expectations of KVS as a pace setting institution & requirement of board
class students, it was decided to prepare & provide quality Question Banks in all the subjects
for students as early as possible so that students may utilise the time saved during study from
home period and outshine in board examination as well as competitive examinations. The
Question Bank is a product of an in-house academic exercise undertaken by our subject teachers
under the supervision of subject expert at different levels to provide the students a
comprehensive, yet concise, learning support tool for consolidation of their studies.

The material has been developed keeping in mind latest CBSE curriculum. This material
provides the students a valuable window on precise information and it covers all essential
components that are required for effective revision of the subject. Moreover it is graded as L1,
L2 & L3. L1 level comprises basic questions with easy difficulty level, L2 with medium level
of difficulty level & L3 comprising of HOTS type questions, ultimately catering need of each
and every student. In few topics some questions are not tagged as L1, L2, L3 being compulsory
to be solved by all the students.

I hope this material will prove to be a good tool for quick revision and will serve the purpose
of enhancing students' confidence level to help them perform better. Planned study blended
with hard work, good time management and sincerity will help the students reach the pinnacle
of success.

Best of Luck.
Tajuddin Shaik
Deputy Commissioner
KVS RO Jabalpur
 केंद्रीय विद्यालय क्र० 1 रीिा (म०प्र०)
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA No.1 REWA (M.P.)
(मानि संसाधन विकास मंत्रालय भारत सरकार के अधीन)
(Under Ministry of HRD Govt. of India)
Email : rewa1kv@gmail.com website: www.no1rewa.kvs.ac.in Ph. No.: 07662-297023

From the desk of Director

सिवप्रथम मैं माननीय उपायुक्त महोदय एिं तीनों सहायक आयुक्त केविसं जबलपुर संभाग जबलपुर का
ह्रदय की गहराइयों से धन्यिाद एिं कृतज्ञता व्यक्त करता हूँ कक माननीय महोदय ने कक्षा 12 के गणित
विषय के प्रश्न-बैंक बनाने जैसे महत्ििपिव कायव को सौंपकर के. वि. क्र. 1 रीिा पर अपना विश्िास
जताया है I

उपयक्
ुव त कायव का ननदे श प्राप्त होते ही जबलपरु संभाग के छह केन्द्रीय विद्यालयों के योग्य स्नातकोत्तर
शशक्षकों (गणित) से चचाव कर एक व्हात्सप्प ग्रुप बनाया गया एिं माननीय द्िारा सौंपे गए दानयत्ि को
पिव मनोयोग से परा करने का ननदे श प्रदान ककए I सभी शशक्षकों ने अपनी रुचच के अनुरूप कायव का
विभाजन ककया एिं तय समय सीमा के भीतर अपने-अपने कायव का प्रथम ड्राफ्ट 15.05.2020 को सौंपा
I समस्त कायव की गुिित्ता का विश्लेषि कर एक समेककत फाइल बनाकर ददनांक 17/05/2020 को ग्रप
ु
में सभी के पन
ु रिलोकन हे तु प्रेवषत ककया गया ताकक िांनछत ग्रेडड
े लेिल जैसा माननीय महोदय के ननदे श
थे, L1, L2 एिं L3 के स्तर के प्रश्न िांनछत क्रम में समायोजजत हों I साथ ही लॉकडाउन के कारि कुछ
शशक्षकों ने हस्तशलणित प्रश्न-बैंक प्रेवषत ककया था, प्रयास ककया गया कक अचधकतम कायव त्रुदटरदहत हो
एिं टाइप हो सके I

अंतत: 22/05/2020 को समस्त कायव पिव कर सम्बंचधत शशक्षकों ने अधोहस्ताक्षरी को प्रस्तुत ककया I
विस्तत
ृ विश्लेषि करने पर पाया गया कक समस्त शशक्षकों ने ननदे शों के अनुरूप अपने अनुभि एिं
योग्यता का पररचय दे ते हुए सिोत्तम प्रयास ककया है तथा समयसीमा का पालन करते हुए एक आदशव
प्रश्न-बैंक प्रस्तुत ककया है I मैं समस्त शशक्षकों एिं स्ियं की ओर से पुन: माननीय महोदय को इस
अिसर को प्रदान करने हे तु कृतज्ञता व्यक्त करते हुए कक्षा 12 के गणित विषय का प्रश्न बैंक माननीय
के अिलोकनाथव एिं ओर बेहतर करने हे तु आिश्यक मागवदशवन प्राप्त करने के उद्दे श्य से प्रस्तुत कर रहा
हूँ I

धन्यिाद!
भवदीय

(चन्दन कोहली)
प्राचायय
के. वव. क्र. 1 रीवा
 CONTENTS

S. No. Name of Chapter Pg No.

5-16
1. Relations and Functions

17-31
2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions

32-45
3. Matrices & Determinants

46-49
4. Continuity and Differentiability

49-52
5. Applications of Derivatives

53-58
6. . Integrals

59-62
7. Applications of Integrals

63-66
8. Differential Equations

67-70
9. Vectors

71-75
10. Three-Dimensional Geometry

76-81
11. Linear Programming

82-88
12. Probability
 Class: 12th Mathematics Question Bank

Ch-1: Relations & Functions

Concept: - Types of relations

A relation R in a set A is called

(i) Reflexive, if a, a   R for every a  A
(ii) Symmetric, if a1 , a2   R  a 2 , a1   R, for all a1 , a2  A
(iii) Transitive, if a1 , a2   R and a2 , a3   R implies that a1 , a3   R for all a1 , a2 , a3  A
A relation R in a set A is said to be an equivalence relation if R is reflexive, Symmetric
and Transitive.

PRACTICE PROBLEMS
LEVEL –I
1. Let T be the set of all triangles in plane with R a relation in T given by R= {(T1,
T2):T1 is congruent to T2}. Show that R is an equivalence relation.

2. Let L be the set of all lines in a plane and R be the relation in L defined as R= {(L1,
L2):L1 is a perpendicular to L2}. Show that R is symmetric but neither reflexive nor
transitive.

3. Show that the relation R in the set R of real numbers, defined as R  {(a, b) : a  b 2 } is
neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.

4. If R = {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 8} is a relation on N, write the range of R.

LEVEL-II
5. Show that the relation R in the set Z of integers given by R={(a, b):2 divides a-b} is an
equivalence relation.

6. Show that the relation R in the set A  {1,2,3,4,5} given by R = {(a, b): a  b is even}, is
an equivalence relation. Show that all the element of {1, 3, 5} are related to each other
and all the element of {2, 4} are related to each other. But no element of {1, 3, 5} is
related to any element of {2, 4}.

7. Show that each of the relation R in the set A  {x  Z : 0  x  12} , given by

(i) R  {(a, b) : a  b is a multiple of 4}
(ii) R  {(a, b : a  b} is an equivalence relation. Find the set of all element related to 1 in
each case.
 LEVEL-III
8. Show that the relation R in the set A of points in a plane given by R = {(P, Q): distance
of the point P from the origin is same as the distance of the point Q from the origin}, is
an equivalence relation. Further, show that the set of all points P≠ (0, 0) is the circle
passing through P with origin as Centre.

9. Let f: X→ Y be a function.Define a relation R in X given byR={(𝑎, b): f(𝑎) = f(b)}.

Examine whether R is an equivalence relation or not.

10.Show that the relation R defined in the set A of all triangles as R = {(T1, T2):T1 is
similar to T2}, is equivalence relation. Consider three right angle triangle T1 with sides
3, 4, 5; T2 with sides 5, 12, 13 and T3 with sides 6, 8, 10. Which triangle among T1, T2
and T3 are related?

11.Show that the relation R defined in the set A of all polygon as R = {(P1, P2):P1 and P2
have same number of sides}, is an equivalence relation. What is the set of all element in
A related to the right angle triangle T with sides 3, 4 and 5?

12.Let A={1,2,3,4…..,9} and R is the relation on AXA defined by (a, b)R(c, d) if a+d=b+c
for (a, b),(c, d) in AXA. Prove that R is an equivalence relation and also obtain the
equivalence class 2,5 .

Concept: One-one (injective), Onto (surjective) and bijective

Injective: - A function f : X  Y is define to be injective, if the image of distinct

element of X under f are distinct. For every x1 , x2  X , f x1   f x2   x1  x2
Surjective:- A function f : X  Y is said to onto (surjective) if every element of Y is the
image of some element of X under f ,i.e for every y  Y there exists an element x in X such
that f ( x )  y
Bijective: A function f : X  Y is said to be bijective if f is one –one and onto

PRACTICE PROBLEMS
LEVEL – I
1. Prove that the function f : R  R ,given by f x   2 x is one - one and onto.

2. Show that the function f : N  N given by f 1  f 2  1 and f x   x  1 for every x>2 is
onto but not one-one.

3. Find the number of all one –one function from set A = {1, 2, 3} to itself.
 LEVEL – II
 x 2
4. Let A  R  {3} and B  R  {1} .consider the function f : A  B defined as f ( x)    . Is
 x 3
f one-one and onto? Justify your answer.

5. Let A = {-1,0,1,2}, B = {-4,-2,0,2} and f , g : A  B be a function defined by

1
f ( x)  x 2  x, x  A and g ( x)  2 x   1, x  A . Are f and g equal? Justify your answer.
2

LEVEL-III
6. Show that the function f : R  R given by f x   x 3 is injective.
 x  1 , x  odd
7. Show that f : N  N given by f x    is both one - one and onto.
 x  1 , x  even
8. Let f : N → N be defined by
𝑛+1
, if n is odd natural no.
f(𝑥) = { 𝑛2 , show that f is bijective
, if n is even natural no.
2

Concept: - Composition of function and Inverse of Function

Let f : A  B and g : B  C be two function .then the composition of f and g , denoted by gof,
is defined as the function gof: A  C given by gof x  =g  f x , x  A
A function f : X  Y is defined to be invertible. If there exists a function g : Y  X Such that
gof  I X and fog  I Y .The function g is called the inverse of f . If f is invertible, then f must
be one one and onto.

PRACTICE PROBLEMS
LEVEL – I
1
1. If f : R  R be given by f ( x)  (3  x 3 ) 3 , then find fof (x) .

2. Consider f : N  N , g : N  N and h : N  R defined as f ( x)  2 x, g ( y)  3 y  4 and

h(z )  sin z, x, y and z in N. Show that ho( gof )  (hog )of .

 4 4x
3. Let f : R     R be a function defined as f ( x)  . The show that inverse of f
 3 3x  4
 4 4x
is the map g : Range ( f )  R    is g ( x)  .
 3 4  3x
1
4. Let f (𝑥) = 8𝑥 3 and g (𝑥) = 𝑥 3 , find (g o f ) 𝑥 .

5. Let f , g : R → R be defined as f (𝑥) = [𝑥],and g (𝑥) = |𝑥|, find the values of

5 5 5 5
(i) (gof) (− ) − (fog) (− ) (ii) (gof) ( ) − (fog) ( ) (iii) (f + 2g)(−1), where
3 3 3 3
[.] is greatest integer function.
 LEVEL – II
6. Consider f : R  4,   given by f ( x)  x 2  3 . Show that f is invertible with the
inverse f 1 of given by f 1 ( y)  y  3 , where R is the set of all non-negative real
number.

7. Let f : R  R be defined as f ( x)  10 x  7 .Find the function g : R  R such that

gof  fog  1R .
x
8. Show that the function f : R  R defined by f x   , x  R is neither one-one nor
x 1
2

onto.

9. If the function f : R → R be defined by f (𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 3 and g : R → R by g (𝑥) = 𝑥 3 +

5, then find the value of ( fog) -1(𝑥).

10.Let f, g : R → R be defined as f (𝑥) = |𝑥| and g (𝑥) = [𝑥], then find the value of
5
f o g( ) and g o f(−√2)
2

LEVEL – III
11.Consider f : R   5,   given by f ( x)  9 x 2  6 x  5 . Show that if f is invertible with

f 1 ( y )  
 
y  6 1
.
 3 
 

12.Let f : N  R be a function defined as f ( x)  4 x 2  12 x  15 . Show that f : N  S ,

where, S is the range of f , is invertible. Find the inverse of f .

13.If the function f : R → R be given by f(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 2 and g : R →R be given by g

𝑥
(𝑥) = , 𝑥 ≠ 1,find fog and gof and hence find fog(2) and gof(−3)
𝑥−1

14.Consider a function f : R+→ [15, ∞) given by f (𝑥) = 4𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 15. Show that f
is bijective function. Also find f -1.
 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS (MCQ-1)
LEVEL - 1

Q.1 If A ={1,3,5,7} and B= {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8} then the number of one to one function from
A into B is

a) 1340 b) 1860 c) 1430 d) 1680

Q.2 If f(𝑥) = |𝑥| 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑥) = |5𝑥 − 2| then (g𝜊𝑓)(-3) is

a) 4 b) 6 c) 13 d) none of these.

Q.3 The relation R on the set A ={1,2,3} given by R = {(1,1), (1,2), (2,2), (2,3), (3,3)}
is

a) Reflexive b) Symmetric c) Transitive d) Equivalence

Q.4 Given set A = {1,2,3} and a relation R = {(1,2), (2,1)} will be

a) reflexive if (1,1) is added b) symmetric if (2,3) is added
c) transitive if (1,1) is added d) symmetric if (3,3) is added

Q.5 If R is an equivalence relation on A = {𝑥𝜖 𝑍 ∶ 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 15} given by

R = {(𝑎, 𝑏): |𝑎 − 𝑏| 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑓 5} then the set of elements related to 6 are
𝑎) {0,11} b) {6,15} c) {6,11} d) {0, 6}

Q.6 Let A = {1,2,3,4} and B = {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐}.The number of one to one functions from A to
B are …………………………..

Q.7 If 𝑓(𝑥) = 27𝑥 3 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 1/3 then (𝑔𝜊𝑓)(𝑥) is …………………..

Q.8 If f: R → 𝑅 be such that (𝑓𝜊 𝑓)(𝑥) = 𝑥 ∀ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 then the inverse of 𝑓 is ………

Q.9 Given triangles with sides 𝑇1 : 3 , 4 , 5 ; 𝑇2 : 5, 12, 13 ; 𝑇3 : 6, 8 ,10 ;

𝑇4 : 4 , 7 , 9 and f a relation R in the set of triangles defined as
𝑅 = {(∆1 , ∆2 ) ∶ ∆1 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑡𝑜 ∆2 } then triangle …….is related to …………

LEVEL - 2

Q.10 Let R be a relation on the set L of lines defined by

𝑅 = {(𝑙1 , 𝑙2 ): 𝑙1 𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑡𝑜 𝑙2 } . The relation R is ………………………
(reflexive/ symmetric/ transitive) relation.

Q.11 Let R be the equivalence relation in the set 𝐴 = {0,1,2,3,4,5} given by

𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 2 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 (𝑎 − 𝑏)}. Write the equivalence class[0].
 Q.12 Let 𝑓 ∶ 𝑅 → 𝑅 be defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 1. Find 𝑓 −1 (37).

Q.13 If the function 𝑓 ∶ 𝑅 → 𝑅 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 4 is invertible then

find 𝑓 −1 (𝑥).

Q.14 If n(A) = 3 and n(B) = 4 then find the number of injective functions from A to B.

Q.15 If f: R→ R defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = (3 − 𝑥 3 )1/3 then find (𝑓𝜊𝑓)(𝑥).

Q.16 If 𝑓(𝑥) = 8𝑥 3 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 1/3 then (𝑔𝜊𝑓)(𝑥) is

(a) x (b)2x (c) x/2 (d)3x2

𝜋
Q.17 If f(x) =x2 ,g(x) = tan x ,h(x) =log x then [h0 (g0f)](√ ) is
4
1 𝜋
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 1/x (d) log
2 4

Q.18 f:R→ R , f(x) =cos x is

(a) one to one and into (b)one to one and onto

(c) Many to one and onto (d)Many to one and into
 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS
QUESTIONS BANK:
LEVEL-1

1. Show that the relation R in the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} given by R = {(a,b): |a − b|

is even}, is an equivalence relation. Show that all the elements of {1, 3, 5} are
related to each other and all the elements of {2, 4} are related to each other. But
no element of {1, 3, 5} is related to any element of {2, 4}

2. Show that each of the relation R in the set A = {x ∈ Z: 0 ≤ x ≤ 12}, given

by (i) R = {(a, b) : |a – b| is a multiple of 4} (ii) R = {(a, b) : a = b} is an
equivalence relation. Find the set of all elements related to 1 in each case.

3. Show that the relation R defined in the set A of all triangles as R = {(T1, T2): T1
is similar to T2}, is equivalence relation. Consider three right angle triangles T1
with sides 3, 4, 5, T2 with sides 5, 12, 13 and T3 with sides 6, 8, 10. Which
triangles among T1, T2 and T3 are related?

4. Show that the relation R defined in the set A of all polygons as R = {(P1, P2):
P1 and P2 have same number of sides}, is an equivalence relation. What is the
set of all elements in A related to the right angle triangle T with sides 3, 4 and
5?

LEVEL-2
5. Let L be the set of all lines in XY plane and R be the relation in L defined as R
= {( L1,L2): L1 is parallel to L2}. Show that R is an equivalence relation. Find
the set of all lines related to the line y = 2x + 4.

6. Let A = R − {3} and B = R − {1}. Consider the function f: A → B defined by

𝑋−2
(x) = Is f one-one and onto? Justify your answer.
𝑋−3

7. Consider f: R → R given by f(x) = 4x + 3. Show that f is invertible. Find the

inverse of f.

8. Consider f: R+ → [4, ∞) given by f(x) = x2 + 4. Show that f is invertible with the

inverse f−1 of given f byf−1(y) = √y − 4, where R+ is the set of all non- negative
real numbers.
 LEVEL-3

9. Consider f: R+ → [−5, ∞) given by f(x) = 9x2 + 6x − 5. Show that f is invertible

with

10. Show that the relation R in the set Z of integers given byR = {(a, b) : 2 divides
a – b}is an equivalence relation.

11. Let f: W → W be defined as f(n) = n − 1, if is odd and f(n) = n + 1, if n is

even. Show that f is invertible. Find the inverse of f. Here, W is the set of all
whole numbers.
𝒙
12. Show that the function 𝒇: 𝑹 → {𝒙 ∈ 𝑹 , −𝟏 < 𝑥 < 1} defined by 𝒇(𝒙) =
𝟏+|𝒙|
, 𝒙 ∈ 𝑹 is one one and onto

13. Let A = {– 1, 0, 1, 2}, B = {– 4, – 2, 0, 2} and f, g : A →B be functions

1
defined by f(x) =x2–x, x∈A and g(x) = 2 x   1 , x∈A. Are f and g equal?
2
Justify your answer.
 INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

1. PROVE THAT:

2. SIMPLIFY:-

3. IF then find the value of

4.

5. Prove that:

6. Prove that:

7. Prove that:

8. Solve the equation:

9. Prove that:

10. then find the value of x

11. Find the value of

12. Find the value of

13. Prove that:

14. Prove that:

15. Prove that:

 INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
LEVEL - 1
_________________________QUESTIONS__________________________
Direction: (Q.1 - Q.5) are multiple choice type questions. Select the correct option:

Q.1. If 3 tan−1 𝑥 + cot −1 𝑥 = 𝜋, then value of 𝑥 is:

1
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) −1 (d)
2

Q.2. The domain of the function 𝑦 = sin−1 (−𝑥 2 ) is:

(a) [0, 1] (b) (0, 1) (c) [−1, 1] (d) ∅

𝑥−𝑦
Q.3. The result tan−1 𝑥 − tan−1 𝑦 = tan−1 is true if:
1+𝑥𝑦

(a) 𝑥𝑦 < −1 (b) 𝑥𝑦 = −1 (c) 𝑥𝑦 > −1 (d) None of these

𝜋
Q.4. If tan−1 𝑥 + tan−1 𝑦 = , then the value of 𝑦 + 𝑥 + 𝑦𝑥 is equal to:
4

1
(a) 1 (b) √3 (c) (d) −1
√3

Q.5. If 𝑥 < 0, 𝑦 < 0 such that 𝑥𝑦 = 1, then tan−1 𝑥 + tan−1 𝑦 is:

𝜋 𝜋
(a) (b) − (c) −𝜋 (d) None of these
2 2
____________________________________________________________

Q.6. Find the principal value of:

1 √3
(i) sin−1 ( ) (ii) cos −1 (− )
2 √ 2

1
(iii) sec −1 (√2) (iv) cot −1 (− )
√3
______________________________________________________________________________

Q.7. Evaluate:
13𝜋 3𝜋
(i) sin−1 (sin ) (ii) cosec −1 (cosec )
7 4

9𝜋 7𝜋
(iii) tan−1 [tan (− )] (iv) cos −1 [cos (− )]
4 3

Q.8. Evaluate:
4 7
(i) sin (cos −1 ) (ii) cot [sin−1 (− )]
5 25

3 8
(iii) cos (tan−1 ) (iv) tan (cos −1 )
4 17

Q.9. Evaluate:
𝜋 1 √3 𝜋
(i) sin [ − sin−1 (− )] (ii) cos [cos −1 (− ) + ]
3 2 2 6

1 3 4
(iii) tan−1 [2 cos (2 sin−1 )] (iv) cot [sin−1 + sec −1 ]
2 4 3

Q.10. Write the following in the simplest form:

𝑥 𝑎−𝑥
(i) tan−1 ( ) , −𝑎 < 𝑥 < 𝑎 (ii) tan−1 (√ ) , −𝑎 < 𝑥 < 𝑎
√𝑎2 −𝑥 2 𝑎+𝑥

𝑥 𝑥
(iii) sin−1 ( ) (iv) cos −1 ( )
√𝑎2 +𝑥 2 √𝑎2 +𝑥 2

Q.11. Prove that:

1 1
(i) 2 sin−1 𝑥 = sin−1 (2𝑥√1 − 𝑥 2 ) , 𝑖𝑓 − ≤𝑥≤
√2 √2

(ii) 2 cos −1 𝑥 = cos −1 (2𝑥 2 − 1) , 𝑖𝑓 0≤𝑥≤1

1 1
(iii) 3 sin−1 𝑥 = sin−1 (3𝑥 − 4𝑥 3 ) , 𝑖𝑓 − ≤𝑥≤
2 2

1
(iv) 3 cos −1 𝑥 = cos −1 (4𝑥 3 − 3𝑥) , 𝑖𝑓 ≤𝑥≤1
2
______________________________________________________________________________
𝜋
Q.12. (i) If −1 ≤ 𝑥, 𝑦 ≤ 1 such that sin−1 𝑥 + sin−1 𝑦 = , find the value of cos −1 𝑥 + cos −1 𝑦.
2

1
(ii) If tan−1 𝑥 − cot −1 𝑥 = tan−1 , find the value of 𝑥.
√3

1
(iii) Evaluate: cos(2 cos −1 𝑥 + sin−1 𝑥) at = .
5

(iv) Prove that: tan(cot −1 𝑥) = cot(tan−1 𝑥) , for all 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅.

Q.13. Prove that:

2 7 1
(i) tan−1 + tan−1 = tan−1
11 24 2

1 1 1 𝜋
(ii) tan−1 + tan−1 + tan−1 =
2 5 8 4

3 8 77
(iii) sin−1 + sin−1 = sin−1
5 17 85

4 12 33
(iv) cos −1 + cos −1 = cos −1
5 13 65

Q.14. Solve for 𝑥:

8 3 𝜋
(i) sin−1 = sin−1 𝑥 − sin−1 (ii) cot −1 𝑥 + tan−1 8 =
17 5 2

2𝜋
(iii) 4 sin−1 𝑥 = 𝜋 − cos −1 𝑥 (iv) tan−1 𝑥 + 2 cot −1 𝑥 =
3

Q.15. Evaluate:
1 1
(i) tan−1 √3 − sec −1 (−2) (ii) cos −1 (− ) + sin−1 (− )
2 2

1 1 1 𝜋
(iii) tan−1 (−1) + cos −1 (− ) (iv) tan−1 (− ) + cot −1 ( 3) + tan−1 {sin (− 2 )}
√ 2 √ 3 √

Q.16. Prove that:

(i) sin−1 𝑥 = cos −1 √1 − 𝑥 2 , 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1

(ii) cos −1 𝑥 = sin−1 √1 − 𝑥 2 , 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1

(iii) cos(sin−1 𝑥) = sin(cos −1 𝑥) = √1 − 𝑥 2 , |𝑥| ≤ 1

______________________________________________________________________________

Q.17. Write the following functions in the simplest form:

1 √1+𝑥 2 −1
(i) cot −1 ( ) , 𝑥>1 (ii) tan−1 ( ) , 𝑥≠0
√𝑥 2 −1 𝑥

cos 𝑥 𝑎 cos 𝑥−𝑏 sin 𝑥

(iii)tan−1 ( ) (iv) tan−1 ( )
1−sin 𝑥 𝑏 cos 𝑥+𝑎 sin 𝑥

Q.18. Write the domain of the following functions:

(i) 𝑦 = sin−1 𝑥 (ii) 𝑦 = cos −1 𝑥 (iii) 𝑦 = tan−1 𝑥

(iv) 𝑦 = cosec −1 𝑥 (v) 𝑦 = sec −1 𝑥 (vi) 𝑦 = cot −1 𝑥

Q.19. Write the principal value branch of the following functions:

(i) 𝑦 = sin−1 𝑥 (ii) 𝑦 = cos −1 𝑥 (iii) 𝑦 = tan−1 𝑥

(iv) 𝑦 = cosec −1 𝑥 (v) 𝑦 = sec −1 𝑥 (vi) 𝑦 = cot −1 𝑥

Q.20. Draw the graphs of the following functions for principal value branch:

(i) 𝑦 = sin−1 𝑥 (ii) 𝑦 = cos −1 𝑥 (iii) 𝑦 = tan−1 𝑥

(iv) 𝑦 = cosec −1 𝑥 (v) 𝑦 = sec −1 𝑥 (vi) 𝑦 = cot −1 𝑥

 INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
LEVEL - 2
_________________________QUESTIONS_________________________
Direction: (Q.1 - Q.5) are multiple choice type questions. Select the correct option:

Q.1. The sum of the two angles cot −1 3 and cosec −1 √5 , is:
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 4 6

Q.2. Number of triplets (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) satisfying sin−1 𝑥 + cos −1 𝑦 + sin−1 𝑧 = 2𝜋, is

(b) 0 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) infinite

1+cos 3𝑥
Q.3. The value of cot −1 (√ ) is:
1−cos 3𝑥

𝑥 3𝑥
(b) (b) 𝑥 (c) (d) None of these
2 2

Q.4. The value of 𝑥 for which sin{cot −1 (1 + 𝑥)} = cos(tan−1 𝑥) is

1 1
(b) (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) −
2 2

𝜋
Q.5. The value(s) of 𝑥 satisfying the equation sin−1 𝑥 = + cos −1 𝑥 is (are):
6

√3 1 √3 1 1
(a) (b) (c) , (d) 0, −
2 2 2 2 2

Q.6. Simplify each of the following:

sin 𝑥+cos 𝑥 𝜋 𝜋 sin 𝑥+cos 𝑥 𝜋 5𝜋
(i) sin−1 ( ) ; −4 < 𝑥 < (ii) cos −1 ( ); <𝑥<
√2 4 √2 4 4

5 12 3 4 3𝜋 𝜋
(iii) sin−1 ( cos 𝑥 + sin 𝑥) (iv) cos −1 ( cos 𝑥 + sin 𝑥) ; − ≤𝑥≤
13 13 5 5 4 4

Q.7. Find the domain of the functions:

(i) 𝑓(𝑥) = sin−1 (2𝑥 − 3) (ii) 𝑓(𝑥) = cos −1 (𝑥 2 − 4)

(iii) 𝑓(𝑥) = sec −1 (2𝑥 + 1) (iv) 𝑓(𝑥) = cos −1 𝑥 + cos 𝑥

Q.8. Evaluate:
1 4
(i) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (tan−1 3) + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (cot −1 2) (ii) cos (sin−1 + sec −1 )
4 3

3 13 1
(iii) sin (cos −1 + cosec −1 ) (iv) tan (2 tan−1 − cot −1 3)
5 5 2

Q.9. Evaluate:
1 1
(i) tan (2 tan−1 ) (ii) sin (3 sin−1 )
5 3

5 1
(iii) sin (2 cot −1 (− )) (iv) cos (2 sin−1 )
12 3

Q.10.Evaluate:
1 √5 1 4
(i) tan ( cos −1 ) (ii) sin ( cos −1 )
2 3 2 5

1 3 1 5
(iii) cos ( tan−1 ) (iv) cosec ( sec −1 )
2 4 2 3

Q.11. Prove that:

1 5 √2 1 𝜋
(i) cot −1 7 + cot −1 8 + cot −1 18 = cot −1 3 (ii) 2 tan−1 + sec −1 + 2 tan−1 =
5 7 8 4

3 5 27 3 3 8 𝜋
(iii) sin−1 + cos −1 = tan−1 (iv) tan−1 + tan−1 − tan−1 =
5 √34 11 4 5 19 4

Q.12. Prove that:

12 4 63
(i) sin−1 + cos −1 + tan−1 =𝜋 (ii) tan−1 1 + tan−1 2 + tan−1 3 = 𝜋
13 5 16
−1 1 −1 1 −1 1 𝜋 63 1 3
(iii) 4 tan − tan + tan = (iv) cos −1 + 2 tan−1 = sin−1
5 70 99 4 65 5 5

Q.13. Prove that:

3 7 304 5 1 120
(i) sin [2 tan−1 − sin−1 ]= (ii) cos −1 = tan−1
5 25 425 √26 4 119
1 1 𝜋 3 −1 16 1 7
(iii) 4 tan−1 − tan−1 = (iv) 2 cos −1 + cot + cos −1 =𝜋
5 239 4 √13 63 2 25
______________________________________________________________________________

Q.14. Prove that:

(i) tan−1 𝑛 + cot −1 (𝑛 + 1) = tan−1 (𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 1)

𝑛 3𝜋
(ii) tan−1 ( ) − tan−1 (2𝑛 + 1) =
𝑛+1 4

𝜋 1 𝑎 𝜋 1 𝑎 2𝑏
(iii) tan ( + cos −1 ) + tan ( − cos −1 ) =
4 2 𝑏 4 2 𝑏 𝑎

1−𝑥 2 1−𝑥 2
(iv) sin [tan−1 ( ) + cos −1 (1+𝑥 2 )] = 1 ; 0 < 𝑥 < 1
2𝑥

Q.15. Prove that:

𝑥 2 +1
(i) cos[tan−1 {sin(cot −1 𝑥)}] = √
𝑥 2 +2

𝑎−𝑏 𝜃 𝑎 cos 𝜃+𝑏

(ii) 2 tan−1 {√( ) tan 2 } = cos −1 ( 𝑎+𝑏 cos 𝜃 )
𝑎+𝑏

1 1+√1+𝑥 2
(iii) tan−1 𝑥 = cos −1 {√ 2
}
2 2√1+𝑥

𝑎 cos 𝑥−𝑏 sin 𝑥 𝑎

(iv) tan−1 [ ] = tan−1 − 𝑥
𝑏 cos 𝑥+𝑎 sin 𝑥 𝑏

𝑥 𝑦
Q.16. (i) If cos −1 ( ) + cos −1 ( ) = 𝜃, then prove that: 9𝑥 2 − 12𝑥𝑦 cos 𝜃 + 4𝑦 2 = 36 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 .
2 3

𝑥 𝑦 𝑥2 2𝑥𝑦 𝑦2
(ii) If cos −1 ( ) + cos −1 ( ) = 𝜃, then prove that: 2 − cos 𝜃 + = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 .
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎 𝑎𝑏 𝑏2

Q.17. Solve for 𝑥:

5𝜋2 3𝜋
(i) (tan−1 𝑥)2 + (cot −1 𝑥)2 = (ii) tan−1 (2𝑥) + tan−1 (3𝑥) = 𝑛𝜋 + , 𝑛∈𝑍
8 4
𝜋
(iii) sin−1 (1 − 𝑥) − 2 sin−1 𝑥 = (iv) sin−1 (1 − 𝑥) + sin−1 𝑥 = cos −1 𝑥
2
𝜋
(v) cos −1 (𝑥√3) + cos −1 𝑥 = (vi) sin−1 𝑥 − cos −1 𝑥 = sin−1 (3𝑥 − 2)
2
____________________________________________________________________________

Q.18. Solve for 𝑥:

𝒙𝟐 −𝟏 𝟐𝒙 𝟐𝝅
(i) 𝐜𝐨𝐬−𝟏 ( ) + 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 (𝒙𝟐 −𝟏) =
𝒙𝟐 +𝟏 𝟑

𝒙−𝟐 𝒙+𝟐 𝝅
(ii) 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 ( ) + 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 (𝒙+𝟑) = , |𝒙| < 𝟏
𝒙−𝟑 𝟒

(iii) 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 (𝒙 − 𝟏) + 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 𝒙 + 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 (𝒙 + 𝟏) = 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 (𝟑𝒙)

(iv) 𝟐 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 (𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙) = 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 (𝟐 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝒙)

𝝅
Q.19. (i) In a ∆𝑨𝑩𝑪, 𝒊𝒇 ∠𝑨 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 𝟐 and ∠𝑩 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 𝟑. Prove that ∠C = .
𝟒

𝒂 𝒃 𝝅
(ii) If angle 𝑪 of a ∆𝑨𝑩𝑪 be a right angle, prove that: 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 + 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 = .
𝒃+𝒄 𝒄+𝒂 𝟒

𝟐𝒙 𝟏−𝒙𝟐 𝟐𝒙 𝝅
Q.20. (i) If 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 ( ) − 𝟒 𝐜𝐨𝐬−𝟏 (𝟏+𝒙𝟐 ) + 𝟐 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 (𝟏−𝒙𝟐 ) = 𝟑 , find the value of 𝒙.
𝟏+𝒙𝟐

𝟏 𝟐𝒙 𝟏−𝒚𝟐
(ii) Find the value of 𝐭𝐚𝐧 [ (𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬 −𝟏 )] , |𝒙| < 𝟏, 𝒚 > 𝟎 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙𝒚 < 𝟏.
𝟐 𝟏+𝒙𝟐 𝟏+𝒚𝟐
 INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
LEVEL - 3
_________________________QUESTIONS_________________________
Direction: (Q.1 - Q.5) are multiple choice type questions. Select the correct option:

Q.1. The set of values of 𝑥 satisfying: 2 cos −1 𝑥 = sin−1 (2𝑥√1 − 𝑥 2 ) is:

1 1
(a) [0, 1] (b) [ , 1] (c) [0, ] (d) [−1, 1]
√2 √2

Q.2. Value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 (sec −1 3) + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 (cosec −1 4) is:

(c) 20 (b) 21 (c) 23 (d) 25

𝑥 √3 2𝑥−𝑦
Q.3. If 𝛼 = tan−1 ( ) , 𝛽 = tan−1 ( 𝑦 ), then 𝛼 − 𝛽 =
2𝑦−𝑥 √3

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
(c) (b) (c) (d) −
6 3 2 3

1 1
Q.4. The value of sin (4 tan−1 ) − cos (2 tan−1 ) is:
3 7

3 7 8
(c) (b) (c) (d) None of these
7 8 21

√3 1 √3 1
Q.5. If 𝛼 = sin−1 + sin−1 and 𝛽 = cos −1 + cos −1 , then:
2 3 2 3

(a) 𝛼 > 𝛽 (b) 𝛼 = 𝛽 (c) 𝛼 < 𝛽 (d) 𝛼 + 𝛽 = 2𝜋

____________________________________________________________
Q.6. (i) If sin−1 𝑥 + sin−1 𝑦 + sin−1 𝑧 = 𝜋, prove that: 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 − 𝑧 2 + 2𝑦𝑧√1 − 𝑥 2 = 0.

(ii) If cos −1 𝑥 + cos −1 𝑦 + cos −1 𝑧 = 𝜋, prove that: 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 + 2𝑥𝑦𝑧 = 1.

𝜋
(iii) If tan−1 𝑥 + tan−1 𝑦 + tan−1 𝑧 = , 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 > 0 prove that: 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦𝑥 + 𝑧𝑥 = 1.
2

Q.7. (i) If 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 ∈ [−1, 1] such that cos −1 𝑥 + cos −1 𝑦 + cos −1 𝑧 = 0, find 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧.

(ii) If 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 ∈ [−1, 1] such that cos −1 𝑥 + cos −1 𝑦 + cos −1 𝑧 = 3𝜋, find 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦𝑥 + 𝑧𝑥.
3𝜋
(iii) If 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 ∈ [−1, 1] such that sin−1 𝑥 + sin−1 𝑦 + sin−1 𝑧 = , find the value of
2

9
𝑥 2016 + 𝑦 2018 + 𝑧 2020 − .
𝑥 2016+𝑦 2018 +𝑧 2020
 𝑥
Q.8. If 𝑦 = cot −1 (√cos 𝑥) − tan−1 (√cos 𝑥), then prove that sin 𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 ( ).
2
Q.9. Solve: sin[2 cos −1 cot(2 tan−1 𝑥)] = 0.
𝑥+1 𝑥−1
Q.10. Solve for 𝑥: (i) tan−1 + tan−1 = tan−1 (−7) .
𝑥−1 𝑥

1 1 2
(ii) tan−1 + tan−1 = tan−1 .
2𝑥+1 4𝑥+1 𝑥2

1 1 1 1 𝜋
Q.11. Prove that: tan−1 ( ) + tan−1 ( ) + tan−1 ( ) + ⋯ + tan−1 ( 2 )+⋯ ∞= 4.
3 7 13 𝑛 +𝑛+1

Q.12. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are positive real numbers, prove that:

𝑎(𝑎+𝑏+𝑐) 𝑏(𝑎+𝑏+𝑐) 𝑐(𝑎+𝑏+𝑐)

tan−1 √ + tan−1 √ + tan−1 √ = 0(𝑜𝑟 𝜋) .
𝑏𝑐 𝑐𝑎 𝑎𝑏

𝜋
Q.13. How many real solutions the equation tan−1 √𝑥(𝑥 + 1) + sin−1 √𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 = has?
2

√1+cos 𝑥+√1−cos 𝑥 𝜋 𝑥 𝜋
Q.14. Prove that: (i) tan−1 { } = + , 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑥 < .
√1+cos 𝑥−√1−cos 𝑥 4 2 2

√1+cos 𝑥+√1−cos 𝑥 𝜋 𝑥 3𝜋
(ii) tan−1 { } = − , 𝑖𝑓 𝜋 < 𝑥 < .
√1+cos 𝑥−√1−cos 𝑥 4 2 2

√1+sin 𝑥+√1−sin 𝑥 𝑥 𝜋
Q.15. Prove that: (i) cot −1 { }=2 , 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑥 < .
√1+sin 𝑥−√1−sin 𝑥 2

√1+sin 𝑥+√1−sin 𝑥 𝜋 𝑥 𝜋
(ii) cot −1 { } = 2 − 2 , 𝑖𝑓 <𝑥<𝜋.
√1+sin 𝑥−√1−sin 𝑥 2

√1+𝑥−√1−𝑥 𝜋 1
Q.16. Prove that: (i) tan−1 { } = − cos −1 𝑥 , 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑥 < 1 .
√1+𝑥+√1−𝑥 4 2

√1+𝑥 2 +√1−𝑥 2 𝜋 1
(ii) tan−1 { } = 4 + 2 cos −1 𝑥 2 , 𝑖𝑓 − 1 < 𝑥 < 1
√1+𝑥 2 −√1−𝑥 2
______________________________________________________________________________
𝑥𝑦+1 𝑦𝑧+1 𝑧𝑥+1
Q.17. Prove that: (i) cot −1 ( ) + cot −1 ( 𝑦−𝑧 ) + cot −1 ( 𝑧−𝑥 ) = 0; 0 < 𝑥𝑦, 𝑦𝑧, 𝑧𝑥 < 1
𝑥−𝑦

𝑥𝑦+1 𝑦𝑧+1 𝑧𝑥+1

(ii) cot −1 ( ) + cot −1 ( 𝑦−𝑧 ) + cot −1 ( 𝑧−𝑥 ) = 𝜋; 𝑥 > 𝑦 > 𝑧 > 0
𝑥−𝑦

cos 𝑥+cos 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
Q.18. Prove that: (i) cos −1 ( ) = 2 tan−1 (tan 2 tan 2 ) .
1+cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦

𝑥 𝜋 𝑦 sin 𝑥 cos 𝑦
(ii) 2 tan−1 [tan tan ( − )] = tan−1 ( ).
2 4 2 cos 𝑥+sin 𝑦

Q.19. Find the intervals in which: (i) sin−1 𝑥 > cos −1 𝑥

(ii) cos −1 𝑥 > sin−1 𝑥

Q.20. Evaluate the following:

(i) sin−1 (sin 10) (ii) sin−1 (sin 5)

(iii) cos −1 (cos 10) (iv) tan−1 {tan(−6)}

 CHAPTER-3: MATRICES
BASIC CONCEPTS

MATRIX – A rectangular array having m rows and n columns, is called a matrix of order 𝒎 × 𝒏.
DETERMINANT – Let A be a square matrix of order n, then we can associate a unique number
called determinant of this matrix, which is written as 𝒇(𝑨) = |𝑨| = 𝒅𝒆𝒕(𝑨) = 𝒌.
Diagonal Matrix → 𝑨 𝒔𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒙 𝒘𝒉𝒐𝒔𝒆 𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝒏𝒐𝒏
𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒈𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒛𝒆𝒓𝒐. Matrix multiplication is not always
𝒂 𝟎 𝟎
commutative i.e. AB≠ 𝑩𝑨.
[ 𝟎 𝒃 𝟎]
𝟎 𝟎 𝒄
Unit Matrix (Identity Matrix): A diagonal matrix whose
𝟏 𝟎 𝟎 𝑴𝒂𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒆𝒔 𝑨𝒎×𝒏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑩𝒑×𝒒 𝒂𝒓𝒆
all diagonal elements are 1, 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆 [𝟎 𝟏 𝟎]. 𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒊𝒑𝒍𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒊𝒇 𝒏 = 𝒑
𝟎 𝟎 𝟏
Column Matrix ⇒ 𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒙 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒐𝒏𝒍𝒚
𝟏 If 𝑨 𝒃𝒆 𝒂 𝒔𝒒. 𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒙 𝒐𝒇 𝒐𝒓𝒅𝒆𝒓 𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏
𝒐𝒏𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏. 𝑭𝒐𝒓 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆 [ ]
𝟐 |𝒌𝑨| = 𝒌𝒏 |𝑨|

Row Matrix ⇒ 𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒙 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒐𝒏𝒍𝒚 𝒐𝒏𝒆 𝒓𝒐𝒘. 𝒙𝟏 𝒚𝟏 𝟏

𝟏
𝑭𝒐𝒓 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆 [𝒂 𝒃 𝒄] Area of Triangle = 𝟐 |𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 𝟏|
𝒙𝟑 𝒚𝟑 𝟏
Scalar Matrix : A diagonal matrix whose all diagonal
𝟐 𝟎 𝟎 Points are collinear if, Area of triangle
elements are equal, 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆 [𝟎 𝟐 𝟎] =0
𝟎 𝟎 𝟐
Note: Unit matrix is also a scalar matrix. Cofactor is a minor with proper sign.
Zero (Null) Matrix : A square matrix whose all elements Singular Matrix: A square matrix A is
𝟎 𝟎 called singular matrix if |𝑨| = 𝟎.
are zero ,for example [𝟎] , [ ]
𝟎 𝟎 Invertible Matrix: Matrix A is
invertible if |𝑨| ≠ 𝟎.
(𝑨′ )′ = 𝑨 , (𝑨. 𝑩)′ = 𝑩′ 𝑨′ , (𝑨 + 𝑩)′ = 𝑨′ + 𝑩′ ,
|𝑨′| =|𝑨| [A’ = Transpose of Matrix A ]
Symmetric Matrix : A square matrix A is called a
Symmetric If A is a non singular matrix of order n
matrix if A’= A then
𝒏−𝟏
1. |𝒂𝒅𝒋𝑨|=|𝑨|
Skew-symmetric Matrix: A square matrix A is called a
2. A(adj A) = (adj A) A= |𝑨| 𝑰
Skew-symmetric matrix if A’= - A 𝒂𝒅𝒋 𝑨
𝟑. 𝑨−𝟏 = |𝑨| where |𝑨| ≠ 𝟎
𝑨+𝑨′ 𝑨−𝑨′
If A is any square matrix then A = ( 𝟐 )+( )
𝟐
= (Symmetric Part)+(skew symmetric Part)
 L1: MCQ
Q1. If matrix AB is zero, then
(A) It is not necessary that either A =O, or B = O
(B) A = O or B = O
(C) A =O and B =O
(D) All the above statements are wrong

Q2. If A,B are square matrices of order 3, A is non-singular and AB = O, then B is a .

(A)Null matrix (B)Singular matrix (C)Unit Matrix (D) non – singular matrix

Q3. Let A be a square matrix of order 3 × 3, then | kA| is equal to

(A) k| A | (B) k 2 | A | (C) k3| A | (D) 3k | A |

Q4. If then x is equal to

(A) 6 (B) ± 6 (C) – 6 (D) 0

Q5. If area of triangle is 35 sq units with vertices (2, – 6), (5, 4) and (k, 4). Then k is
(A) 12 (B) –2 (C) –12, –2 (D) 12, –2

Q6.

Q7. Let A be a nonsingular square matrix of order 3 × 3. Then |adj A| is equal to

(A) | A | (B) | A | 2 (C) | A | 3 (D) 3|A|
Q8. If the points (x1, y1), (x2, y2) and (x1+x2, y1+y2) are collinear then x1y2 is equal to
(a) x2y1 (b) x1y1 (c) x2y2 (d) x1x2

VSA (1 MARK)
Q1. If a matrix has 5 elements, write all possible orders it can have.

Q2. Write the element a23 of a 3x3 matrix A=(aij ) whose elements aij are given by aij =l i-j l/2.

𝑎+𝑏 2 6 5
Q3. If | |=| |, find a
5 𝑏 2 2
𝑥+2 3
Q4. If | | =3 find the value of x
𝑥+5 4
 VSA (2 MARKS)
1 2 1 3
Q1. If A = [ ] and B =[ ], Write the value of |𝐴𝐵|.
3 −1 −1 1
Q2. Examine the consistency of the following system of equations:

x+2y = 2, 2x+3y =3

1 −1 5
Q3. Show that the matrix A =[ −1 2 1 ] is a symmetric matrix.
5 1 3
(𝑖+𝑗)2
Q4. Construct 2 × 2 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 , 𝐴 = [𝑎𝑖𝑗 ] 𝑤ℎ𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑏𝑦 𝑎𝑖𝑗 = 2

SA (4-Marks)
𝑥+𝑎 𝑥 𝑥
𝑄1. Solve the equation: |𝑥 𝑥 + 𝑎 𝑥| =0, a≠ 0
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥+𝑎

𝑎2 𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑐 + 𝑐 2
2
𝑄2. Prove that: |𝑎 + 𝑎𝑏 𝑏2 𝑎𝑐 |=4a2 b2 c2
𝑎𝑏 𝑏 2 + 𝑏𝑐 𝑐2
1 2
Q3. Compute the adjoint of the matrix A=[ ] and verify that A.(adjA)=lAl I
3 −5
3 4
−1 2 1
Q4. If A’ = [−1 2] and B = [ ] then verify that (A+B)’ = A’+B’.
1 2 3
0 1
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
Q5. If, A = [ ], then verify that A’A = I .
−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛼

LSA (6-Marks)
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 2𝑧 𝑥 𝑦
Q1. Show that: | 𝑧 𝑦 + 𝑧 + 2𝑥 𝑦 |=2(x+y+z)3
𝑧 𝑥 𝑧 + 𝑥 + 2𝑦

1 1 1
Q2. For the matrix A=[ 1 2 − 3 ] show that A3 -6A2+5A+11I=O. Hence find A-1.
2 −1 3
𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑐 𝑐−𝑎
Q3. Using the properties (without expanding) find the value of det.: | 𝑏 − 𝑐 𝑐−𝑎 𝑎 − 𝑏|
𝑐−𝑎 𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑐
 3 −4 1 + 2𝑛 −4𝑛
Q4. If A = [ ], then prove that 𝐴𝑛 = [ ], where n is any positive integer.
1 −1 𝑛 1 − 2𝑛
1 −1
Q5. Using elementary transformations, find the inverse of the matrix [ ]
2 3

L2: MCQ
Q1. If A and B are two matrix such that AB = A and BA= B, then B2 is equal to,

(A) B (B) A (C) 1 (D) 0

Q2.

Q3. A = [aij] m x n is a square matrix, if

(A) m < n (B) m > n (C) m = n (D) None of these

FOR Q4. & Q5.

Assume X, Y, Z, W and P are matrices of order 2x n , 3 x k , 2 x p , n x 3 and p x k respectively

Q4. The restriction on n, k and p so that PY + WY will be defined are:

(A) k = 3, p = n (B) k is arbitrary, p = 2 (C) p is arbitrary, k = 3 (D) k = 2, p = 3

Q5. If n = p, then the order of the matrix 7X – 5Z is:

(A) p × 2 (B) 2 × n (C) n × 3 (D) p × n

52 53 54
Q6. The value of |53 54 55 | is
54 55 56
(A) 52 (B) 0 (C) 513 (D) 59

Q7. Which of the following is correct

(A) Determinant is a square matrix.

(B) Determinant is a number associated to a matrix.

(C) Determinant is a number associated to a square matrix.

(D) None of these

Q8.

VSA (1 MARK)
3 − 2𝑥 𝑥+1
Q1. For what value of x, the given matrix A =[ ] is a singular matrix?
2 4

Q2. If A is a matrix of order 3x4 and B is a matrix of order 4x3, write the order of the matrix (AB).

2 3 1 − 3 −4 6
Q3. If [ ][ ] [ ]
5 7 −2 4 = −9 𝑥 write the value of x
−1 2 3 −2
Q4. Find a matrix X such that 2A + B + X =0, where A = [ ] ,B = [ ]
3 4 1 5
4 3 y z
Q5. Find the value of x, y, z from the following equations : [ ]= [ ]
x 5 1 5

VSA (2 MARKS)
2 3 4
Q1. Write the value of the determinant | 5 6 8 |
6𝑥 9𝑥 12𝑥
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 2𝑐 𝑎 𝑏
Q2.Prove that: | 𝑐 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 2𝑎 𝑏 | = 2(𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)3
𝑐 𝑎 𝑐 + 𝑎 + 2𝑏

cosθ sinθ sinθ −cosθ

Q3. Simplify: cosθ [ ] + sinθ [ ]
−sinθ cosθ cosθ sinθ
2 −1 10
Q4. If x [ ] + y [ ] = [ ] , then find x.
3 1 5
2 −1
Q5. Find the adjoint of the matrix A = [ ]
4 3
 SA (4-Marks)
0 2𝑏 −2
Q1. Matrix A =[ 3 1 3 ] is given to be symmetric, find values of a and b.
3𝑎 3 −1
0 𝑎 𝑏
1 1
Q2. Find 2 (A + A`) and 2 (A - A`) when A =[ −𝑎 0 𝑐]
−𝑏 − 𝑐 0
1 2 3 −7 − 8 − 9
Q3. Find the matrix X so that X [ ]=[ ]
4 5 6 2 4 6

𝑎2 + 1 𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑐
Q4. Show that | 𝑎𝑏 𝑏 2 + 1 𝑏𝑐 | = 1+ a2 + b2+ c2
𝑐𝑎 𝑐𝑏 𝑐 2 + 1

3 −1 1 1 2 −2
𝑄5. If A-1 =[−15 6 − 5] and B = [−1 3 0] find (AB)-1
5 −2 2 0 −2 1

LSA (6-Marks)
𝛼
0 −𝑡𝑎𝑛
2
Q1 𝐼𝑓 𝐴 = [ 𝛼 ] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐼 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑟 2, 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡
𝑡𝑎𝑛 2 0

cos 𝛼 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
𝐼 + 𝐴 = (𝐼 − 𝐴) [ ]
sin 𝛼 cos 𝛼
Q2. Solve the system of equations, using matrix method

x-y+z =4, 2x+y-3z =0 and x+y +z =2

8 4 3
Q3. Using Elementary transformation, find the Inverse of the matrix A=[ 2 1 1]
1 2 2
Q4. Solve the following system of linear equation,

8x + 4y+ 3z = 19, 2x + y+ z =5 ,x+2y +2z = 7

2 −3 5
Q5. If A = [ 3 2 − 4 ] ,find A-1 Using A-1 Solve the system of eq.s
1 1 −2
2x – 3y +5z =11, 3x+2y -4z=-5, x+y-2z =-3.
 L3: MCQ
Q1. If AB = A and BA = B, where A and B are equal square matrix, then
(A) B2 = B and A2 = A (B) B2 ≠ B and A2 =A
(C) A2 ≠ A, B2 = B (D) A2 ≠ A , B2 ≠ B

Q2. If A and B are two matrix such that AB = A and BA= B, then A2 + B2 is equal to
(A) 2AB (B)2BA (C) A + B (D) AB

1 𝑎
Q3. If A = [ ] , then An (where n ∈ N) equals
0 1
1 𝑛𝑎 2 1 𝑛𝑎 𝑛 𝑛𝑎
(A) [ ] (B) [1 𝑛 𝑎] (C) [ ] (D) [ ]
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 𝑛

Q4. The number of all possible matrices of order 3 × 3 with each entry 0 or 1 is:
(A) 27 (B) 18 (C) 81 (D) 512

Q5. If A and B are square matrix of order 2, then det (A +B) = 0 is possible only when
(A) det(A) = 0 or det(B) = 0
(B) det(A) + det(B) = 0
(C) det(A) = 0 and det(B) = 0
(D) A + B = O

𝑥+2 𝑥+3 𝑥 + 2𝑎
Q6. If a, b, and c are in AP, then the determinant |𝑥 + 3 𝑥 + 4 𝑥 + 2𝑏 | is
𝑥+4 𝑥+5 𝑥 + 2𝑐
(A ) 0 (B) 1 (C) x (D) 2x
𝑎 𝑝 𝑥 𝑝+𝑞 𝑎+𝑥 𝑎+𝑝
Q7. If |𝑏 𝑞 𝑦| = 16, then the value of |𝑞 + 𝑦 𝑏 + 𝑦 𝑏 + 𝑞 | is
𝑐 𝑟 𝑧 𝑥+𝑧 𝑐+𝑧 𝑐+𝑟
(A) 4 (B) 2 (C) 8 (D) 32

Q8. If A is an invertible matrix of order 2, then det (A-1) is equal to

(A) det (A) (B) 1/ det (A) (C) 1 (D) 0

Q9.
 VSA (1 MARK)
3 −3
Q1. If matrix A= [ ] and A2=∝ 𝐴 then write the value of ∝ .
−3 3

Q2. A matrix A of order 3x3 has determinant 5 what is the value of l3Al?

Q3. If A is a square matrix of order 3 such that ladjAl=64, find lAl.

Q4. If a matrix has 18 elements, what are the possible orders it can have? What if, it has 5
elements?

5
3 −6
Q5. Compute[1 2] [ ] + [0 3 – 1 2] [ ]
4 8
2

VSA (2 MARKS)
1 0 2 𝑥
Q1. Find x , if [𝑥 − 5 − 1 ] [ 0 2 1 ] [ 4 ] =O
2 0 3 1

0 𝑎 3
Q2. If matrix [2 𝑏 − 1] is skew symmetric matrix find the value of a,b,c.
𝑐 1 0

𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑐 𝑐−𝑎

Q3. Without expanding prove that |𝑏 − 𝑐 𝑐 − 𝑎 𝑎 − 𝑏| = 0
𝑐−𝑎 𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑐

2 7 65
Q4. Without expanding prove that | 3 8 75 | = 0
5 9 86
Q5. Solve the equation for x, y, z and t if
𝑥 𝑧 1 −1 3 5
2[𝑦 𝑡 ] + 3 [0 2
] = 3[
4 6
]

SA (4-Marks)
 𝑥 𝑥2 1 + 𝑝𝑥3
𝑄1. Using properties of Det., prove that | 𝑦 𝑦2 1 + 𝑝𝑦3 |= (1+pxyz) (x-y) (y-z) (z-x),
𝑧 𝑧2 1 + 𝑝𝑧3
where p is any scalar.

2 –1 −1 −8 −10
Q2. If [ 1 0 ] A = [ 1 −2 −5 ] , then find A.
−3 4 9 22 15
3 1
Q3. If A = [ ] then show that A2 − 5A + 7I = 0, hence find A−1 .
−1 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 0
Q4. 𝐼𝑓 𝐹(𝑥) = [ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 0], then show that 𝐹(𝑥)𝐹(𝑦) = 𝐹(𝑥 + 𝑦).
0 0 1
Q5. Solve the following system of equations by matrix method.

3x – 2y + 3z =8 ,2x + y – z =1 , 4x – 3y + 2z =4

LSA (6-Marks)
1 −1 0 2 2 −4
𝑄1. Given that A =[ 2 3 4 ] and B = [−4 2 − 4] find AB.
0 1 2 2 −1 5
𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 use this to solve the following system of equations,

𝑥 − 𝑦 = 3 , 2x+3y+4z =17 ,y+2z =7

Q2. A school wants to award its students for the values of honesty, Regularity, and Hard Work
with a total cash award of Rs.6000, three times the award money for hard work added to that
given for honesty amounts to Rs. 11000. The award money given for honesty and hard work
together is double the one given for regularity. Represent the above situation algebraically and
find the award money for each value, using matrix method. Apart from these values, namely,
Honesty, Regularity and Hard Work, Suggest one more value which school must include for
award.

1+𝑎 1 1
1 1 1
Q3. Prove: | 1 1+𝑏 1 | = 𝑎𝑏𝑐 (1 + 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 ) = 𝑎𝑏𝑐 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎 + 𝑎𝑏.
1 1 1+𝑐

Q4. The cost of 4 kg onion, 3 kg wheat and 2 kg rice is Rs 60. The cost of
2 kg onions 4 kg wheat and 6 kg rice is Rs 90. The cost of 6 kg onion,
2 kg wheat and 3 kg rice is Rs. 70. Find the cost of each item per kg by matrix method.

Q5. Using the property of determinants, prove that

 (𝑥 + 𝑦)2 𝑧𝑥 𝑧𝑦
| 𝑧𝑥 (𝑧 + 𝑦)2 𝑥𝑦 | = 2𝑥𝑦𝑧(𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧)2
𝑧𝑦 𝑥𝑦 (𝑧 + 𝑥)2

PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Ch.3 (Matrices)
 Chapter-4: Determinants
PROPERTIES OF DETERMINENTS
P 1: The value of the determinant remains unchanged if its rows or columns are interchanged.
P 2 If any two rows (or columns) of a determinant are interchanged, then sign of determinant
changes.
P 3 If any two rows (or columns) of a determinant are identical (all corresponding elements
are same), then value of determinant is zero.
P 4 If each element of a row (or a column) of a determinant is multiplied by a constant k,
then its value gets multiplied by k.
P 5 If some or all elements of a row or column of a determinant are expressed as sum of two
(or more) terms, then the determinant can be expressed as sum of two (or more) determinants.
P 6 If, to each element of any row or column of a determinant, the equi-multiples of
corresponding elements of other row (or column) are added, then value of determinant
remains the same, i.e., the value of determinant remain same if we apply the operation Ri →
Ri + kRj or Ci → Ci + k Cj
 CH-5 CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY
L-1 (MCQs)
𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑥
𝑥≠0
𝑥
1. If the function f(x) ={ 𝑘
is continuous at at x=0 then k = -----
𝑥=0
2
(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 2 (d)12
2. The derivative of function f(x) = sin (cosx) at x =0 is -----------
-1

(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) -1 (d)not defined

𝑑𝑦
3. If y =log√𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 , then find at x = 𝜋/4
𝑑𝑥
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 0 (d) not defined
4. The function f(x) = [x] ,where [x] denotes the greatest integer function is
(a) Continuous at integer points only (b) continuous at everywhere (c)
continuous at non-integer points only (d) differentiable everywhere
L-1 (VSAs)
𝑑𝑦
5. If y= log (x +√𝑥 2 + 1) ,then = ----------------
𝑑𝑥
𝑑2𝑦
6. If y2 = ax2 +b, then =----------
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑2𝑦
7. Find , if x = at2 , y =2at
𝑑𝑥 2
3𝑥+4𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
8. Check whether the function f(x) ={ 𝑥 , 𝑥 ≠ 0 is continuous at x =0
7 ,𝑥 = 0
L-1 (SAs)
9. If y= a sinx + b cosx, then prove that y’’+ y = 0
√1+𝑥 2 − 1
10. Differentiate tan−1 [ ]with respect to x.
𝑥
11. Use Lagrange’s mean value theorem to determine a point P on the curve
y=√𝑥 − 2 , where the tangent is parallel to the chord joining (2,0) and (3,1).
12. If sin-1x = y, show that (1-x2) y’’ -xy’ = 0
√1+𝑥+√1−𝑥 𝑑𝑦 −1
13. If y = sin-1( ), then show that =
2 𝑑𝑥 2√1−𝑥 2

L-1 (LAs)
d2y
14. If y = a( Sin  -  Cos  ) and x= a ( Cos  +  Sin  ), then find
dx 2
𝑑𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (𝑎+𝑦)
15. If siny = x sin(a+y) , then prove that =
𝑑𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎
16. Verify Rolle’s theorem for the function f(x) = sinx in [ 0, π].
17. Show that the function f(x)=|𝑥 + 2 | is continuous at every x∈ 𝑅, but fails to
be differentiable at x=−2.
L-2 (MCQs)
1. Rolle’s theorem is not applicable for f(x) = |𝑥| in [-2,2] because
(a) f is not continuous in [-2,2] (b) f is not derivable in (-2,2) (c) f(2) ≠ f(-2) (d)
none of these
2. The function f(x) = |cos 𝑥| is
(a) differentiable at x = (2n+1) π/2 , n𝜖 𝑍
(b) continuous but not differentiable at x = (2n+1) π/2 ,n𝜖 𝑍
(c)differentiable for all x but not continuous at some x (d) None of these
5𝑥 − 4, 0<𝑥≤1
3. The value of b for which the function f(x) = { 2 is
4𝑥 + 3𝑏𝑥 , 1 < 𝑥 < 2
continuous at every point of its domain is
(a) -1 (b) 0 (c) 13/3 (d) 1
𝑥+𝑎, 𝑥 ≥1
4. Let f(x) = { 2 If f is derivable at x=1 ,then a = -----------
𝑎𝑥 + 1 𝑥 < 1,
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) -1 (d) 1/2

L-2 (VSAs)
1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
5. Differentiate 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) with respect to x.
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑘 cos 𝑥 𝜋
𝑖𝑓 𝑥ǂ 𝜋
6. Find k if f(x) ={ 𝜋−2𝑥
𝜋
2
𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑜𝑢𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 =
2
3 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 =
2

7. Differentiate log sin x w.r. to √cos 𝑥

𝑑2𝑦 𝑥
8. If y = sin-1 x, Show that = 3
𝑑𝑥 2 (1−𝑥 2 )2

𝑑𝑦
9. If y = f(x2) and f’(x) = 𝑒 √𝑥 , then find .
𝑑𝑥

L-2 (SAs)
𝑑𝑦 1
10. If x√1 + 𝑦 + 𝑦√1 + 𝑥 = 0, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 |𝑥| < 1, 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 =−
𝑑𝑥 (1+𝑥)2

𝑚 𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
11. If = (𝑥 + √𝑥 2 + 1) , show that (𝑥 2 + 1) 2
+𝑥 − 𝑚2 𝑦 = 0.
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

−1 𝑡 −1 𝑡 𝑑𝑦 𝑦
12. IF x=√𝑎sin 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = √𝑎cos , 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 =−
𝑑𝑥 𝑥

13. Find all the point of discontinuity of the function f defined by

𝑥 + 2, 𝑖𝑓𝑥 ≤ 1
f(x)={ 𝑥 − 2, 𝑖𝑓 1 < 𝑥 < 2
0 , 𝑖𝑓𝑥 ≥ 2
L-2 (LAs)
𝑑𝑦 √1+𝑥 2 +√1−𝑥 2
14. Find if y = tan−1 [ ], 0 <|𝑥| < 1
𝑑𝑥 √1+𝑥 2 −√1−𝑥 2
𝑑𝑦 log 𝑥
15. If 𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 , 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 = .
𝑑𝑥 (1+log 𝑥)2

dy 1 y2
16. If 1 x  1 y
2 2
= a ( x – y ) , prove that  .
dx 1 x2
𝑑𝑦
17. Find , if 𝑦 𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑦 + 𝑥 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑏
𝑑𝑥

L-3 (MCQs)
log(1+3𝑥)−log(1−2𝑥)
, 𝑥≠0
1. If the function f(x) defined by f(x) = { 𝑥 is continuous
𝑘 , 𝑥=0
at x =0 then k =
(a) 1 (b) 5 (c) -1 (d) none of these
𝜋
𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝑥 + 1), 𝑥 ≤ 0
2
2. If f(x) = { 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 is continuous at x =0 then a =
, 𝑥 > 0
𝑥3
(a) ½ (b) 1/3 (c) ¼ (d) 1/6
𝑥+𝑎, 𝑥 ≥1
3. Let f(x) = { 2 If f is derivable at x=1 ,then a = -----------
𝑎𝑥 + 1 𝑥 < 1,
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) -1 (d) 1/2

4. The function f(x) = x-[x], where [x] denotes the greatest integer function is
(a) continuous at integer points only (b) continuous at everywhere
(c) continuous at non integer points only (d) differentiable everywhere
L-3 (VSAs)
𝑥(𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 −1)
5. If the function f(x) = is continuous at x =0, then find f(0)
1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
6. Differentiate with respect to x : log√
1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑2𝑦
7. If 𝑦 = cos −1 𝑥 , 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 in terms of y alone
𝑑𝑥 2
1 𝑑𝑦
8. If y =𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 ( ) 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑
2𝑥 2 −1 𝑑𝑥
9. If f(x) = x|𝑥|, then find f’(x).

L-3 (SAs)
∙∞
∙∙ 𝑑𝑦
𝑥𝑥
10. If 𝑦 = 𝑥 find
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
11. If 𝑥 𝑝 𝑦 𝑞 = (𝑥 + 𝑦) 𝑝+𝑞
, Prove that =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
dy
12. Find when y  xlog x  (log x) x
dx
 2𝑥+1 .3𝑥
13. Differentiate the following with respect to x : sin−1 ( )
1+(36)𝑥
14. Verify the Rolle’s Theorem for the function f(x) = ex cosx in [-π/2, π/2].
L-3 (LAs)
15. Show that function f(x) defined by
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
+ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥, 𝑥>0
𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = 2, 𝑥 = 0, is continuous at x = 0
4(1−√1−𝑥)
{ , 𝑥<0
𝑥
√1+𝑘𝑥−√1−𝑘𝑥
𝑖𝑓 −1≤𝑥 <0
16. Find the value of k for which 𝑓(𝑥) = { 2𝑥+1𝑥 is
𝑖𝑓 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 1
𝑥−1
continuous at x = 0
𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 ,0 ≤ 𝑥 < 2
17. The function f(x) is defined as f(x) = { 3𝑥 + 2, 2≤𝑥≤4.
2𝑎𝑥 + 5𝑏, 4 < 𝑥 ≤ 8
if f(x) is continuous on [0,8], find the values of a and b.
𝑥 2 −𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 𝑦
18. If 𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( ) = 𝑎 , then prove that =
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑥

Ch.6 Applications of Derivatives

L-1 (MCQs)
1. The rate of change of the area of a circle with respect to its radius r when r =5 cm.
(a) 25π (b)5π (c) 10π (d) 100π
2. The maximum and minimum values of the function f(x)=(2x-1)2 respectively
(without using derivatives)
(a)0,1 (b) 1,0 (c) 0, ∞ (d)∞, 0
3. The function f(x) = 3x+17 is
(a) strictly increasing (b) strictly decreasing (c) neither increasing nor
decreasing (d) none
4. The slope of the tangent to the curve y=x3 - 3x+2 at the point whose x –
coordinate is 3
(a) 20 (b) 24 (c) 28 (d) none
L-1 (VSAs)
5. The total revenue received from the sale of x units of a product is given by
R( x)  6 x 2  13x  10 . Find the marginal revenue when x = 10
6. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y=x3-3x+2 at the point whose x –
coordinate is 3.
1
7. Find the slope of the normal to the curve x  , y=2t at t= 2
t
8. If y=x2 +4 and x changes from 2 to 2.1 find the approximate change in y
𝑥 3
9. Show that the function f(x) = + decreases in the intervals (-3,0)U(0,3).
3 𝑥
L-1 (SAs)
10. At which points of the ellipse 16𝑥 2 + 9 𝑦 2 = 400, does the ordinate decreases at
the same time at which the abscissa increases?
11. Find the equations of the tangent lines to the curve 𝑦 = 4𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 + 5 which
are perpendicular to the line 9y+x+3=0.
12. A ladder 5m long is leaning against a wall. The bottom of the ladder is pulled
along the ground, away from the wall at the rate 2cm/sec . How fast is its height
on the wall decreasing when the foot of the ladder is 4m away from the wall?
13. Show that of all the rectangles inscribed in a given fixed circle, the square
has the maximum area.
L-1 (LAs)
14. Prove that the volume of the largest cone that can be inscribed in a sphere
8
of radius R is of the volume of the sphere.
27
15. A wire of length 28m is to be cut into two pieces. One of the pieces is made
into a circle and the other into a square. Where wire should be cut so that
combined area is minimum.
16. An Apache helicopter of enemy is flying along the curve given by 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 +
7. A soldier placed at (3, 7) wants to shoot down the helicopter when it is nearest
to him. Find the nearest distance.
17. A window is in the form of a rectangle surmounted by semi-circular
opening. The total perimeter of the window is 10 m . Find the dimensions of the
window to admit maximum light through the whole opening.
18. Find the dimensions of the rectangle of perimeter 36 cm which will sweep
out a volume as large as possible, when revolved about one of its side. Also, find
the maximum volume.
L-2 (MCQs)
1. An edge of a variable cube is increasing at the rate of 3 cm/s. How fast is the
volume of the cube increasing when the edge is 10 cm long?
(a) 0.01 m3 (b) 0.02 m3 (c) 0.12 m3 (d) 0.06 m3
2. The maximum and minimum values of the function f(x)=9x2+12x+2 (without
using derivatives)
(a) ∞, 2 (b) ∞, -2 (c) -2, ∞ (d) 2, ∞
3. The approximate change in the surface area of a cube of side x metres caused by
decreasing the side by 1% is
(a) decreasing 1% (b) decreasing 2% (c) increasing 2% (d) increasing 6%
4. The line y = mx + 1 is a tangent to the curve y2 = 4x if the value of m is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 1/2
L-2 (VSAs)
5. If line y = x is a tangent to the curve y = x2 + bx + c at the point of contact (1, 1),
then find the values of b and c.
 6. Find the least value of a such that the function f is given by f(x)= x2+ax+1 is
strictly increasing on (1,2).
7. Find a point on the curve y = x2 - 4x+5 where the tangent to the curve is parallel
to the x -axis
8. Find absolute maxima and minima for the function f(x)=x3 in interval [-2,2].
L-2 (SAs)
9. Show that the curve 2𝑥 = 𝑦 2 and 2𝑥𝑦 = 𝑘 cut at right angles if 𝑘 2 = 8.
10. Show that the function given by f(x) = logx/x has maximum at x=e.
𝑥2 𝑦2
11. Find the equations of the tangent and the normal to the curve 2
− = 1 at
𝑎 𝑏2
the point (√2𝑎, 𝑏).
12. Show that the right circular cylinder of given surface and maximum volume
is such that its height is equal to the diameter of the base.
L-2 (LAs)
13. If the sum of the lengths of the hypotenuse and a side of a right-angled
triangle is given, show that the area of the triangle is maximum when the angle
𝜋
between them is .
3
14. The sum of the perimeters of a circle and a square is k, where k is some
constant. Prove that the sum of their areas is least when the side of the square is
double to radius of the circle.
15. A window has the shape of a rectangle surmounted by an equilateral
triangle. If the perimeter of the window is 12 m, find the dimension of the
rectangle that will produce the largest area of the circle.
16. Find the area of the greatest isosceles triangle that can be inscribed in a
given ellipse having its vertex coincident with one extremity of major axis.
17. A given quantity of metal is to be cast into a solid half circular cylinder with
a rectangular base and semi-circular ends. Show that in order that total surface
area is minimum, the ratio of length of cylinder to the diameter of semi-circular
ends is π∶π+2.
L-3 (MCQs)
1. Two equal sides of an isosceles triangle with fixed base ‘a’ are decreasing at the
rate of 3 cm/ sec. How fast is the area of the triangle decreasing when the two
sides are equal to ‘a’.
(a)√3 a (b) 6a (c) √2a (d) 9a
2. At what points in the interval [0, 2π], does the function sin2x attain its maximum
value?
(a) π/4 , π (b)5π/4 , π (c)π/4, 5π/4 (d)π/2, π
3. If f(x) = 3x + 15x + 5, then approximate value of f(3.02) is
2

(a) 47.66 (b) 57.66 (c) 67.66 (d) 77.66

4. The slope of normal to the curve x = a cosα , y = a sinα at α = π/4 is
(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 2 (d) -2
 5. On which of the following intervals is the function given by f(x) = x100 + sinx -1
strictly decreasing?
(a)(0,1) (b) (π/2, π) (c) (0, π/2) (d) none of these.
L-3 (VSAs)
6. A particle moves along the curve 6y = x3 + 2. find the points on the curve at which
the y co-ordinate is changing 8 times as fast as x coordinate
7. Find the point on the curve y=(x-2)2 at which the tangent is parallel to the chord
joining the points (2,0) and (4,4)
8. Find the maximum value, if any, without using derivatives of the following function
f(x)=3x2+6x+8, x∈R
9. The total cost C(x) in Rupees associated with the production of x units of an item
is given by
C(x) = 0.007 x 3  0.003x 2  15 x  4000 . Find the marginal cost when 17 units are
produced.
L-3 (SAs)
10. Find the equations of the tangent and the normal to the curve 𝑥 = 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝜋
and 𝑦 = 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 at 𝜃 = .
4
11. . Find the value(s) of 𝑥 for which 𝑦 = [𝑥(𝑥 − 2)]2 is an increasing function.
12. A water tank has the shape of an inverted right circular cone with its axis
1
vertical and vertex lower most. Its semi vertical angle is tan−1 ( ) .Water is
2
poured into it at a constant rate of 5𝑚3 /𝑚𝑖𝑛. Find the rate at which the level of
the water is rising at the instant when the depth of water in the tank is 10m.
13. A tank with rectangular base and rectangular sides, open at the top is to be
constructed so that its depth is 2m and volume is 8m3.If building of tank costs Rs.
70 per sq. metre for the base and Rs. 45 per sq. metre for sides , what is the cost
of least expensive tank?
L-3 (LAs)
14. A point on the hypotenuse of the triangle is at distance a and b from the
sides of the triangle. Show that the maximum length of the hypotenuse is
3
 23 2
2
a  b 3 
 
 
15. An open box with a square base is to be made out of a given quantity of
cardboard of area c2 square units. Show that the maximum volume of the box is
c3/6√3 cubic units.
16. Find the intervals in which the following function is (a) increasing (b)
decreasing 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 8𝑥 3 + 22𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 + 21..
x
17. Find the point on the curve y  , where the tangent to the curve has
1 x 2
the greatest slope.
 Ch-7: Integral

Key Concepts
Integration is the reverse process of differentiation
𝑑
e.g. If (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝑑𝑥
(A) Indefinite Integrals
x n 1 *  1.dx  x  c
*  x dx 
n
c
n 1 n ≠ -1 1
1
*  dx  log x  c
*  2 x c x
 e dx  e  c
x x
x
*
ax
*  a x dx  c *  cos xdx  sin x  c
log a
*  sec 2 x dx  tan x  c
*  sin xdx   cos x  c
*  sec x. tan x dx  sec x  c
*  cos ec 2 x dx   cot x  c
*  cos ecx. cot x dx   cos ecx  c *  tan x dx   log cos x  c  log sec x  c
*  cot x dx = log | sin x | + c
= - log | cosec x | *  cosec x dx  log | cosec x - cot x |  C
*  sec x dx  log | sec x  tan x |  C dx
 x a
2 2
 log | x  x 2  a 2 | C
 x  *
=log tan    C
2 4
1 x
dx 1
*  2 2  log
xa
 C, if x > a  dx  sin 1
a
c
a x = - cos-1 x  C`
2 2
x a 2a xa *
a
dx
dx 1
*  2 2  log
ax
 C, if x > a
 a x
2 2
 log | x  x 2  a 2 | C
a x 2a ax *
*
dx 1 x 1 x x 2 a2
 2
x a 2
 tan 1  C,   cot 1  C`
a a a a
 x 2  a 2 dx 
2
x  a 2  log x  x 2  a 2  C
2
*
*
x 2 a2 x
 x  a dx 
2 2 x 2 a2
x  a 2  log x  x 2  a 2  C
*
 a 2  x 2 dx 
2
a  x 2  sin 1  C
2 a
2 2

1
 (B) General Properties of Definite Integrals.
b b b
*  f ( x ) dx = F(b) – F(a), where F(x) =  f(x) dx *  f ( x ) dx =  f ( t ) dx
a a a
b
𝑎
*  f ( x ) dx = - ∫𝑏 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 b c b
a *  f ( x ) dx =  f(x) dx +  f(x) dx
b b a a c
*  f(x) dx =  f(a + b - x) dx a a
a a *  f(x) dx =  f(a - x) dx
0 0
a  a 2a  a
*  f(x) dx = 2 f(x)dx, if f(x) is an even function of x. * f(x) dx = 2  f(x)dx, if f(2a - x)  f(x) .
 0 0
a  0  0 if f(2a - x)  - f(x)
 0 if f(x) is an odd function of x 

(C) Integration by parts

 u.v dx  u. v .dx    v.dx dx .dx

du *
(Here u is considered as first function and v is
considered as second function)

Note:
(1) We can use the order ILATE for sequencing the first function and second
function, where
I = Inverse Trigonometric functions, L = Logarithmic functions, A = Algebraic
functions, T = Trigonometric functions, E= Exponential functions

(2) If the Integrant contains only one function, we take that function as the first
function and 1 as the second function.

(D) Integral as a limit of a sum

𝑏
∫𝑎 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = lim ℎ { 𝑓(𝑎) + 𝑓(𝑎 + ℎ) + ⋯ + 𝑓(𝑎 + ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑛 − 1)ℎ }, where nh=b-a
ℎ→0
𝑏
1
∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = (𝑏 − 𝑎) lim { 𝑓(𝑎) + 𝑓(𝑎 + ℎ) + ⋯ + 𝑓(𝑎 + ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑛 − 1)ℎ }
𝑎 𝑛→∞ 𝑛
(E)Special types of Integration
𝟏 𝟏
(1) Evaluation of Integrals of the form ∫ 𝟐 𝒅𝒙 𝒐𝒓 ∫ 𝒅𝒙
𝒂𝒙 +𝒃𝒙+𝒄 √ 𝒂𝒙𝟐 +𝒃𝒙+𝒄

Express 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 as a sum or difference of squares of two 𝑥 2 ± 𝑎2

𝒑𝒙+𝒒 𝒑𝒙+𝒒
(2)Evaluation of Integrals of the form ∫ 𝟐 𝒅𝒙 𝒐𝒓 ∫ 𝒅𝒙
𝒂𝒙 +𝒃𝒙+𝒄 √ 𝒂𝒙𝟐 +𝒃𝒙+𝒄

𝑑
Express 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞 = 𝐴 (𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐) + 𝐵 which reduces to any one of standard
𝑑𝑥
form
2
(3)Evaluation of Integrals of the form
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
∫ , ∫ , ∫ , ∫ , ∫
𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙 + 𝒃𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙 𝒂 + 𝒃𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙 𝒂 + 𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙 𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙 + 𝒃𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙 + 𝒄 (𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 + 𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 )𝟐

To evaluate these types of integrals we have to do the following:

(i) Divide both numerator and denominator by 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥

(ii) Put 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 = 𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑦 which reduces the integral of the form
1
∫ 𝑎𝑡 2+𝑏𝑡+𝑐 𝑑𝑥

(4)Evaluation of Integrals of the form

1 1 1 1
∫ 𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥+𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ,∫ 𝑎+𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑥, ∫ 𝑎+𝑏𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥, ∫ 𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥+𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥+𝑐 𝑑𝑥

To evaluate these types of integrals we have to do the following:

𝑥 𝑥
2𝑡𝑎𝑛 1− 𝑡𝑎𝑛2
(i) Put 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 2
𝑥 , 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 = 2
𝑥
1+ 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 1+ 𝑡𝑎𝑛 2
2 2
𝑥 𝑥
(ii) Replace 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2
2 2
(iii) Put 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 = 𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑦 𝑖𝑡.
(5)Evaluation of Integrals of the form: ∫ 𝒆𝒙 {𝒇(𝒙) + 𝒇′ (𝒙)}𝒅𝒙 = 𝒆𝒙 𝒇(𝒙) + 𝒄
(6) Evaluation of Integrals of the form
S. Form of Integrals Substitution
No.
1 ∫ √𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 𝒅𝒙 Convert to the form x 2  a 2 or x 2  a 2 or a 2  x 2
2 𝟐
∫ (𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒)√𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 Convert (𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒)= A 𝒅(𝒂𝒙 +𝒃𝒙+𝒄) + B
𝒅𝒙
(7) To evaluate the integrals of the form of rational function:

S. No. Form of rational function Form of partial fraction

1 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞 𝐴 𝐵
+
(𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑥 − 𝑏) 𝑥−𝑎 𝑥−𝑏

2 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞 𝐴 𝐵
+
(𝑥 − 𝑎)2 𝑥 − 𝑎 (𝑥 − 𝑎)2
3 𝑝𝑥 2 + 𝑞𝑥 + 𝑟 𝐴
+
𝐵
+
𝐶
𝑥−𝑎 𝑥−𝑏 𝑥−𝑐
(𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑥 − 𝑏)(𝑥 − 𝑐)
4 𝑝𝑥 2 + 𝑞𝑥 + 𝑟 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
+ +
(𝑥 − 𝑎)2 (𝑥 − 𝑐) 𝑥 − 𝑎 (𝑥 − 𝑎)2 𝑥 − 𝑐
5 𝑝𝑥 2 + 𝑞𝑥 + 𝑟 𝐴 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶
+
(𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐) 𝑥−𝑎 (𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐)

3
Note; (1)If degree of Numerator polynomial ≥ degree of Denominator polynomial
then first we divide Numerator by Denominator and express it in the form of Quotient
+ Proper fraction
𝑥3 19𝑥−30 19𝑥−30
e.g. = (𝑥 + 5) + = (𝑥 + 5) + and simplify it.
𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6 (𝑥−2)(𝑥−3)
𝑝𝑥+𝑞 𝐴 𝐵
(ii) Thumb Rule : For = +
(𝑥−𝑎)(𝑥−𝑏) 𝑥−𝑎 𝑥−𝑏
First we put x = a to find numerator of (x – a) and hide the (x-a) put x = b to find
𝑝𝑎+𝑞 𝑝𝑏+𝑞
numerator of (x – b) 𝑖. 𝑒 𝐴= ,B =
𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑎
𝑝𝑎+𝑞 𝑝𝑏+𝑞
( A(x-b) + B(x- a) = px+q𝑖. 𝑒 𝐴 = ,B = This is known as Thumb Rule
𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑎

*QUESTIONS FOR L-1*

1
 (3x  2 x  k )dx  5
2
Q1. If 0
Then the value of k = ……….
1
Q2.Evaluate:  16  x 2
dx


2
Q 3. Write the value of  sin xdx dx
7


2

Q4.Evaluate: log x 2 dx
 x

Q5.Write the value of

 sec x(sec x  tan x)dx
Q6.Evaluate: sec2 x
 3  tan xdx
cos x
Q7.Evaluate:
x
dx 
1
Q8.Evaluate:  dx
x  x log x
𝟑 𝒅𝒙
Q9. Evaluate ∫𝟏
𝒙
𝟏 𝐬𝐢𝐧−𝟏 𝒙
Q10.∫𝟎 dx
√𝟏−𝒙𝟐
𝝅
Q11. ∫𝟎 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙𝒅𝒙
𝟐

 e cos x
Q12.Evaluate: 
0 e cos x  e cos x
dx
𝟏
Q13.∫𝟎 𝒙(𝟏 − 𝒙)𝟓 𝒅𝒙 Ans .1/ 42
sin x
Q14. Evaluate:  sin( x  a)dx

4
Q15.Evaluate: sin 6 x  cos6 x
 sin 2 x. cos2 x dx
a ax
Q16.Prove that  a ax
dx  a

1
Q17.Evaluate:  x( x 5
 3)
dx

Q18.Evaluate: 2
1
x 3  x dx

*QUESTIONS FOR L-2*

𝟏
Q1. ∫−𝟏|𝒙|𝒅𝒙
𝟑
Q2.∫𝟎 [𝒙] 𝒅𝒙

Q3. If ( x  1) x
 x 2
e dx  f ( x).e x  c
Then f(x) = ……….
𝟏 (𝟏−𝒙) 𝟏 𝟏
Q4.∫𝟎 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝒅𝒙 𝒐𝒓 ∫𝟎 𝐥𝐨𝐠( − 𝟏)𝒅𝒙
𝒙 𝒙
𝝅⁄
Q5.∫𝟎 𝟐 𝒍𝒐𝒈 |𝟑+𝟓𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙| 𝒅𝒙
𝟑+𝟓𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙
𝟐
Q6. ∫𝟏 [𝟑𝒙]𝒅𝒙

1  cot x
Q7. Evaluate  dx .
x  log sin x
Q8.Evaluate:
 sin x.sin 2 x.sin 3xdx
sin x
Q9.Evaluate:  (1  cos x).(2  cos x)dx
Q10. Evaluate:  ( tan x  cot x )dx

ex
Q11.Evaluate:  5  4e x  e 2 x
dx

1  1  x 
2
1
Q12. Evaluate 0  1  x 2 dx
cos 

Q13. Using limit of sum find the integral 3

 (3x  2 x)dx
2
1

1
Q14.Evaluate:  1 
6
3
tan x
dx

5
 x sin 1 x
Q15.Evaluate:  1 x2
dx

Q16. Evaluate ∫ 𝐞𝟐𝐱 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐱 𝐝𝐱 ,

Q17.Evaluate:
 x tan x
 0 sec x  tan x
dx

*QUESTIONS FOR L-3*


Q1. Evaluate: 0
2 log sin xdx
.
x 1 2
Q2.Evaluate: e
x
dx
( x  1) 2
x
Q4.Evaluate: 
a3  x3
dx

Q5.Evaluate:  4 x sin2x dx


0 1  cos x

Q6.Evaluate:
 0
4
log(1  tan x)dx

Q7.Evaluate: sin 2
 0
2
sin   cos 4 
4
dx

Q8.Evaluate:
 0
2 sin 2 x log tan xdx

 x  1  x  2  x  3dx
Q9.Evaluate: 3

Q10.Evaluate: 1
 cot
1
(1  x  x 2 )dx
0

 x
Q13.Evaluate:  0 a cos x  b 2 sin 2 x
2 2
dx

Q14.Evaluate: 3/ 2
 1
x sin x dx

Q15. Using limit of sums find the integral 3

 (e
2 3 x
 x 2  1)dx
1

Q16.Find ( x  3) 3  4 x  x 2 dx

 1 
Q17.Find  log log x  dx
 (log x) 2 
Q18. Evaluate ∫ √𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐱 𝐝𝐱

𝟏
Q19. Evaluate ∫ dx
√𝐬𝐢𝐧𝟑 𝐱 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝐱+𝛂)
𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐱−𝐱 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐱
Q20. Evaluate ∫ dx
𝐱(𝐱+𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐱 )

Q21. Show that 0
2 log(tan x  cot x)dx   log 2
 /4 1
Q22.Evaluate:  0 3
cos x 2 sin 2 x
dx

6
 Ch-8: APPLICATIONS OF INTEGRATION

(A) KEY CONCEPTS

1. AREA LYING BELOW THE X-AXIS:

If f(x)≤0 for a≤x≤b,then the graph of y=f(x) lies below x-axis

Therefore area bounded by the curve y=f(x),x-axis and the
ordinates x=a and x=b is given by
b b
Area ABCD=   f ( x )dx    f ( x )dx
a a

2. AREA LYING ABOVE THE X-AXIS:

The area enclosed by the curve y= f(x), x-axis & between the ordinate at x=a & x=b is
given by
b b

Area =  ydx
a
  f ( x) dx  F(b)  F (a)
a
3. AREA LYING ON RIGHT OF Y-AXIS :
Area bounded by the curve x=f(y),y-axis and the abscissa
y=c and y=d is given by
d d

 xdy   f ( y )dy
c c

4. AREA LYING ON LEFT OF Y-AXIS:

The area enclosed by the curve x= f(y), y-axis &
between the abscissa at y=c & y=d is given by :
d d

 xdy
c
  f ( y)dy  F(d)  F (c)
c

5. AREA BOUNDED BY TWO CURVES

Area bounded by the two curves y = f(x) & y =
g(x) where f1(x) f2(x) in  a, b & between
the ordinate x=a & x=b is given by
b
Area =   f 2 ( x )  f1 ( x ) dx
a

IMPORTANT FORMULAE TO USE :

𝑥 𝑎2 𝑥
1) ∫ √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 + 𝐶
2 2 𝑎
2) Equation of the line in two point form is :
 y  y1 
y  y1   2   x  x1 
x
 2  x1 
7
 Important Notes
1. If the equation of the curve contains only even powers of x, then the curve is
symmetrical about y-axis
2. If the equation of the curve contains only even powers of y, then the curve is
symmetrical about x-axis.
3. If the equation of the curve remains unchanged when x is replaced by –x
and y by –y, then the curve is symmetrical in opposite quadrants.
4. If the equation of the curve remains unchanged when x and y are
interchanged, then the curve is symmetrical about the line y=x

*QUESTIONS FOR L-1*

Q1. Find the area bounded by y = x-1 over the interval [ 2 , 4 ]

Q2. Find the area bounded by y = x , x- axis and the ordinates at x= -1 , x= 2
Q3. Find the area bounded by y2 = 4x , y –axis and y = 3
Q4. Find the area bounded by the curve y2 = 4x and x = 3
Q5 Find the area bounded by x2 = 4y and x-4y+2 = 0 .
Q6. Find the area bounded by y = sinx between 0 to 2 
Q7 . Find the area bounded by x = at2 , y = 2at between the ordinates at t=1 , t=2
Q 8 . Find the area bounded by x = 3 cost , y = 2 sint
Q9 . Find the area bounded by y  x x , x – axs , x= 3 , x = -3 .
Q10 . Find the area bounded by x = y3 , y = -1 , y = 2 , x = 0 .

Q11 . Find the area bounded by y = sinx , y = cosx between x= 0 and x  .
4
Q12 . Find the area of the region x, y  : y  x 2 , y  x .
Q13 . Find the area of the region bounded by y = 3x + 2 , x- axis and the ordinates
at x = -1 , x = 1 .
Q14 . Find the area bounded by the curve y= cos x between x= 0 and x  2 .
Q15 . Find the area of the circle x2 + y2 = 4
x2 y2
Q16 . Find the area of the ellipse  1 .
9 4

8
 *QUESTIONS FOR L-2*

Q1. Find the area of the region {(x,y):x2 ≤ y ≤ x }

Q2.Find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the x-axis , and the line
y=x, and the circle x2+y2=32

Q3. Sketch the region bounded by the curve 𝑦 = √5 − 𝑥 2 and 𝑦 = |𝑥−1| and find its
area using integration

Q4. Find the area of region

Q5. Using integration, find area of  ABC whose vertices have coordinates
A  2,0  , B  4,5 and C  6,3 .

Q6. Find the area of region included between the parabolas y2=4ax and x2=4ay, where
a>0

Q7. Find the area of region enclosed between two circles: x2+y2=4 and(x-2)2+y2=4

Q8. Find the area enclosed by parabola x2 =y, the line y= x+ 2 and the x- axis .

Q9 . Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y  16  x 2 and x- axis .

Q10 . Find the area of the minor segment of the circle x2 + y2 = a2 cut off by the
line x = a/2 .
Q11. Find the area bounded by the curve y  x & x = 2y + 3 in the first quadrant
and x- axis .
Q12. Using the method of integration , find the area of the region bounded by the lines
3x-2y+1=0,2x+3y-21=0 and x-5y+9=0

Q13. Using the method of integration, find the area of the region bounded by the
parabola y2=4x and the circle 4x2+4y2=9.

Q14. Using integration find the area of region bounded by the triangle whose vertices
are (– 1, 0), (1, 3) and (3, 2).

Q15.Using integration,find the area of the region bounded by the curves y  4  x 2 and
x 2  y 2  4 x  0 and the x-axis.

9
 *QUESTIONS FOR L-3*

a2
Q1. If the area bounded by parabola y 2  16ax and the line y= 4mx is ,then using
12
integration,find m.
Q2. Using integration,find the area bounded by the curve y  x  1 and y  3  x
Q3. Find the area of that part of the circle x 2  y 2  16 which is exterior to the parabola
y2=6x.
Q4. Find the area bounded by curve x=3cost, y=2sint
Q5. Using integration ,find the area of the following region:{(x,y): x  2  y  20  x 2 }
Q6. Find the area of the following region:{(x,y):x x 2  y 2  4, x  y  2}
Q7.Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y2=2y-x and the y-axis.
Q8.Find the area of the region included between the parabola as y2=4ax and x2=4ay,where
a>0.
Q9. Find the area lying above x-axis and included between the circle x2+y2=8x and the
parabola y2=4x.
4
Q10. Sketch the graph y  5  2 x ..Evaluate 0 5  2 x dx.
1
Q11. Sketch the graph y  x  1 . Evaluate  x  1dx
3
, what does this integral represent

on the graph?
Q12. Using integration find the area bounded by the triangle whose vertices
are A (2,0) , B( 4,5) , C(6,3) .
Q13 Find the area of the triangular region whose sides are y = 2x + 1 ,
Y = 3x + 1 , x = 4 .
Q14. Find the area of ( x, y) : 0  y  x 2  1,0  y  x  1,0  x  2,
Q15 . Find the area common to the circle x2 + y2 = 16 and the parabola y2 = 6x
Q16 . Find the area of the circle 4x2 + 4y2 = 9 which is interior to the
parabola x2 = 4y .
Q17 Find the area bounded by the curves y2 = x+ 1 , y2 = 1-x .
Q18 . Find the area of the region bounded by y  x  1 and y  3  x

10
 CH-9: DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

LEVEL-L1

One Mark Questions

𝑑𝑦
1. The solution of the D.E. 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥+𝑦 is
a) 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑦 = C b) 𝑒 𝑥 - 𝑒 −𝑦 = C c) 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑦 = C d) None of these
𝑑𝑦
2. The solution of the D.E. x 𝑑𝑥 = 𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑦 is
a) x cot y =C b) 𝑥 tan 𝑦 = C

c) x sec y = C d) None of these

𝑑𝑦 1 + y2
3. The solution of the D.E. 𝑑𝑥 = is
1+x2
a) (𝑦 + 𝑥) = 𝐶 (1 − 𝑦𝑥) b) (𝑦 − 𝑥) = 𝐶 (1 + 𝑦𝑥)

c) 𝑦 = (1 + 𝑥)𝐶 d) None of these

𝑑𝑦
4. The solution of the D.E. + y log y Cot x = 0 is
𝑑𝑥
a) cos x log y = C b) sin x log y = C

c) log y = C Sin x d) None of these

𝑑𝑦 −2𝑥𝑦
5. The general solution of the D.E. = is
𝑑𝑥 1 + x2
a) y 2 (x+1) = C b) y ( 1 + x2 ) =C

c) 𝑥 2 (𝑦 + 1) = C d) None of these

6. Determine order and degree (when defined) of the D.E. y’’’ +2y’’+y’=0

7. Verify that the given function is a solution of the corresponding D.E.

y = Cos x + C ; y’+Sin x =0

8. The number of arbitrary constants in the particular solution of a D.E. of third order are
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 0

9. Form the differential equation of the family of curves y = mx , where m is a arbitrary constant.

𝑑𝑦
10. Find the I.F. of the differential equation 𝑑𝑥 + (𝑆𝑒𝑐 𝑥)𝑦 = tan 𝑥

Two marks questions

𝑑𝑦 1 + y2
11. Find the general solution of the D.E. 𝑑𝑥 =
1+x2
𝑑𝑦
12. Find the I.F. of the differential equation 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 - y = 2 x 2
𝑑𝑦 1−𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝑥
13. Find the general solution of 𝑑𝑥 = 1+𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝑥
𝑥 𝑦
14. Form the differential equation of the family of curves 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 1
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
15. Verify that the function y = 𝑒 −3𝑥 is a solution of the D. Eqn. 𝑑𝑥 2 + -6y=0
𝑑𝑥
Four Marks Questions

16. Find the D.E. of the family of parabolas having vertex at origin and axis along positive y-axis.
17. Find the general solution of y log y dx – x dy = 0
𝑑𝑦
18. Solve: x 𝑑𝑥 – y + Sin (y/x)=0
𝑑𝑦
19. Solve: + 3𝑦 = 𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
20. Solve: y dx + (x- y 2 ) dy = 0
LEVEL-L2

One Mark Questions

𝑑𝑦
1. The solution of the D.E. 𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑥+𝑦 is
b) 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 = C b) 2𝑥 + 2−𝑦 = C c) 2𝑥 - 2−𝑦 = C d) None of these

𝑑𝑦
2. The solution of the D.E. 𝑑𝑥 = 1 − 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦 is
𝑥2 𝑥2
b) log(1+y)= x - +C b) 𝑒 𝑥+𝑦 + x - +C
2 2
𝑥2
c) 𝑒 𝑦 = 𝑥 − +C d) None of these
2

𝑑𝑦
3. The solution of the D.E. 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥+𝑦 + 𝑥 2 . 𝑒 𝑦 is
𝑥3 𝑥3
b) 𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 + +𝐶 =0 b) 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑦 + = 𝐶′
3 3

𝑥3
c) 𝑒 𝑥 - 𝑒 −𝑦 + +𝐶 d) None of these
3

𝑑𝑦
4. The solution of the D.E. + y log y Cot x = 0 is
𝑑𝑥
b) cos x log y = C b) sin x log y = C

c) log y = C Sin x d) None of these

5. The general solution of the D.E.( 1 + x2 )dy – xy dx = 0 is

b) Y=C ( 1 + x2 ) b) y2 = C ( 1 + x2 )

c) y√1 + 𝑥 2 = C d) None of these

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
6. Find the order and degree of the D.E. ( 𝑑𝑥 2 ) 2 + (𝑑𝑥 ) 2 = x Sin ( 𝑑𝑥 2 )

7. Find the number of arbitrary constants in the general solution of a D.E. of fourth order.

𝑑2 𝑦
8. Show that y= 𝑒 −𝑥 + ax + b is a solution of the D.E. 𝑒 𝑥 =1
𝑑𝑥 2

𝑑𝑦
9. Find the general solution of 𝑑𝑥 = √4 − 𝑦 2 ; -2 < y < 2

10. Form a D. Eqn. for y= a 𝑒 3𝑥 + b 𝑒 −2𝑥

Two marks questions
𝑑𝑦
11. Solve Cos (𝑑𝑥 ) = a ; a∈ R & y=2, x=0

𝑑𝑦
12. Find the general solution of 𝑑𝑥 = ( 1 + x 2 ) (1 + y 2 )

𝑥+𝑦
13. Solve y’ = 𝑥

14. Form the differential equation representing the family of curves y=a Sin(x+b), where a & b are
arbitrary constants.

𝑑𝑦
15. Solve 𝑑𝑥 + y = 𝑒 𝑥 .

Four Marks Questions

16. Find the general solution of Sec 2 x tan y dx + Sec 2 y tan x dy = 0

17. Form the D. E. of the family of eclipse having foci on y-axis and centre of origin.

𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
18. Solve 𝑑𝑥 - 𝑥 + cosec (𝑥 ) = 0 ; 𝑦 = 0 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 1 .

𝑑𝑦
19. Solve 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝑥

𝑑𝑦
20. Solve x 𝑑𝑥 + y = x log x ; y(1) = ¼

LEVEL-L3

One mark questions

1. find the order and degree of the differential equation

[ 1 + ( dy/dx )1 ] 3/2 = K [d2y / dx2 ]
2. Verify that y=c e –x is a solution of the differential equation
𝑑𝑦
+ y =0
𝑑𝑥
3. Find the differential equation of family of all straight lines.

4. Find the I.F. of differential equation: (1 + 𝑦 2 )dx = (𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑦 − 𝑥)𝑑𝑦

𝑑𝑦
5. Solve 𝑑𝑥 = log(1 + 𝑥)

6. The general solution of the differential equation is x √1 + 𝑦 2 dx + y √1 + 𝑥 2 dy = 0 is

a) sin−1 𝑥 + sin−1 𝑦 = 𝑐 b) √1 + 𝑥 2 + √1 + 𝑦 2 =c
c ) tan−1 𝑥 + tan−1 𝑦 = 𝑐 d ) None of these
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
7. The general solution of the differential equation x 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦 + 𝑥 tan is
𝑥
a) Sin(y/x)= C b) Sin (y/x) = Cx c) Sin (y/x)=Cy d) None of these
 𝑑𝑦
8. The general solution of differential equation 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑥 = 2 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝑥 is
a) (y+Sin x) Sin x = C b) (y+Cot x) Sin x = C
c) (y-Sin x ) Sin x = C d) None of these

𝑑𝑦
9. The general solution of differential equation log (𝑑𝑥 ) = (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦) is
−𝑒 −𝑏𝑦 𝑒 𝑎𝑥
a) = +c b) 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 - 𝑒 −𝑏𝑦 = c
𝑏 𝑎
b) c) b 𝑒 𝑎𝑥 + a b 𝑒 𝑏𝑥 = c d) None of these

10. The solution of differential equation x Cot y dy = (x 𝑒 𝑥 log x + 𝑒 𝑥 ) dx is

a) Sin y = 𝑒 𝑥 + log 𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑏) 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝑦 − 𝑒 𝑥 + log x = C
.c) Sin y = 𝑒 𝑥 (log 𝑥) + 𝑐 d) None of these

Two marks question

11. Find the differential equation of the family of curves y= A 𝑒 𝑥 + B 𝑒 −𝑥 , where A and B are arbitrary
constant.

12. Find the differential equation for the family of all concentric circles centered at the origin and having
different radii.
𝑒 −2√𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
13. Find the integrating factor of the differential equation ( - ) 𝑑𝑦 = 1
√𝑥 √𝑥
𝑑𝑦
14. Solve (x+2) 𝑑𝑥 = 4 x 2 y

𝑑𝑦
15. Solve = 1 + 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦
𝑑𝑥

Four marks question

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
16. Solve y – x 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 (𝑦 2 + )
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
17. Solve x 𝑑𝑥 - y = √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2
𝑑𝑦
18. Solve 𝑑𝑥 − 3 𝑦 𝐶𝑜𝑡 𝑥 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛 2𝑥 , is being given that y=2 when x=π/2 .

19. Solve y 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 dx = (x 𝑒 𝑥/𝑦 + 𝑦 2 ) dy , y ≠ 0 .

20. Find the differential equation of the family of all circles in the second quadrant and touching the co-
ordinate Area.
OR

Find the differential equation of the family of all ellipse having foci on the x-axis and Centre at the
origin.
 CH-10: VECTORS

LEVEL-L1

One Mark Questions

1. The angle between the vectors 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ - 2𝑗̂ + 3 𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ = 3𝑖̂ – 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ is
a) cos−1 5/7 b) cos −1 3/5 c) cos −1 3/√14 d)none of these

2. If |𝑎⃗ +b| = |𝑎⃗ -b| then

a) |𝑎⃗ |=|𝑏⃗⃗| b) 𝑎⃗ || 𝑏⃗⃗ c) 𝑎⃗ ┴ 𝑏⃗⃗ d) none of these

3. what is the projection of 𝑎⃗ =2𝑖̂-𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ on 𝑏⃗⃗=𝑖̂-2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂

a) 2/√3 b)4/√5 c) 5/√6 d)none of these

4. If the vectors 𝑎⃗ =3i+𝑗̂ -2k and b=i+λ𝑗̂ -3 𝑘̂ are perpendicular to each other then λ=
a) -3 b) – 6 c) – 9 d) -1

5. If 𝑎⃗ , 𝑏⃗⃗ , 𝑐⃗ are mutually perpendicular unit vector then |𝑎⃗ +𝑏⃗⃗+𝑐⃗ | = ?

a) 1 b) √2 c) √3 d) 2

6. Write two different vectors having same magnitude.

7. Find the unit vector in the direction of vector 𝑎⃗ =𝑖̂+𝑗̂ +2 𝑘̂

8. Find the vector in the direction of vectors 𝑎⃗ =𝑖̂-2𝑗̂ that has magnitude of 7 units.

9. Find the projection of the vector𝑖̂+3𝑗̂ +7 𝑘̂ on the vector 7𝑖̂-𝑗̂ +8 𝑘̂.

10. Find |λ| , if for a unit vector 𝑎⃗ (𝑥⃗-𝑎⃗ ).( 𝑥⃗+𝑎⃗ ) =12.

Two marks questions

11. Show that (𝑎⃗ -𝑏⃗⃗) x (𝑎⃗ +𝑏⃗⃗) = 2 (𝑎⃗ x𝑏⃗⃗) .

12. Find λ and µ , if (2𝑖̂+6𝑗̂ +27 𝑘̂) x (𝑖̂+λ𝑗̂ +µ 𝑘̂) = 0

13. If a and b are two vectors such that |𝑎⃗ |=10 , |𝑏⃗⃗| = 15 and 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ = 75√2 then find the angle between
𝑎⃗ and b.

14. If 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖̂+𝑗̂ - 𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗=𝑖̂+𝑗̂ = 𝑘̂ , find a vector unit vector along 2𝑎⃗ - 𝑏⃗⃗ .

15. Using vector method show that points A(2,3,0) , B(1,2,3) and C(-7,-6,6) are collinear.
 Four marks questions

16. Find the value of λ, which makes the vectors 𝑎⃗ , 𝑏⃗⃗ , 𝑐⃗ coplanar, where𝑎⃗ = - 4𝑖̂-6𝑗̂ -2 𝑘̂ , 𝑏⃗⃗=-𝑖̂+4𝑗̂
+3 𝑘̂ , 𝑐⃗ = -8𝑖̂-𝑗̂ +λ 𝑘̂ .

17. Find the area of triangle having the points A(1,1,1) , B (1,2,3) and C(2,3,1).

18. If 𝑎⃗ x b=𝑐⃗ 𝑥 𝑑⃗ and 𝑎⃗ x 𝑐⃗ =𝑏⃗⃗x𝑑⃗ , prove that (𝑎⃗ -d) is parallel to (𝑏⃗⃗-𝑐⃗) provided that 𝑎⃗ ≠ 𝑑⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ ≠ 𝑐⃗.

19. If 𝑎⃗ +𝑏⃗⃗+𝑐⃗ =0 and |𝑎⃗ |=3 , |𝑏⃗⃗|=5 and |𝑐⃗ |=7. Show that the angle between 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ is π/3.

20. The scalar product of the vector 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ with a unit vector along the sum of vectors 2𝑖̂+4𝑗̂ -5 𝑘̂
and λ𝑖̂+2𝑗̂ +3 𝑘̂ is equals to one. find the value of λ.

LEVEL-L2
One mark questions

1. if 𝑎⃗ , 𝑏⃗⃗ , 𝑐⃗are unit vectors such that 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ = ⃗0⃗ then 𝑎⃗.𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ .𝑐⃗ + 𝑐⃗. 𝑎⃗ =
a) ½ b) -1/2 c) 3/2 d) -3/2

2. if 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ are mutually perpendicular unit vectors then (3 𝑎⃗ + 2 𝑏⃗⃗ ).(5 𝑎⃗ – 6 𝑏⃗⃗ ) =
a) 3 b) 5 c) 6 d) 12

3. If | 𝑎⃗ | = √26 , | 𝑏⃗⃗ | = 7 and | 𝑎⃗ x 𝑏⃗⃗ | = 35, then 𝑎⃗ .𝑏⃗⃗ =

a) 5 b) 7 c) 13 d) 17

4. Two adjacent side of a triangle are represented by the vectors 𝑎⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ = -5𝑖̂ + 7𝑗̂ the
area of triangle is
a) 41 square unit b) 37 square unit c) 41/2 square unit d) none of these.

5. The diagonals of a parallelogram are represented by the vectors ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑑1 = 3𝑖̂+𝑗̂-2𝑘̂ and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑2=𝑖̂-3𝑗̂+4𝑘̂ the
area of Parallelogram is
a) 7√3 square unit b) 5√3 square unit c) 3 √5 square unit d) 3 √7 square unit

6. let 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ be two given vectors such that | 𝑎⃗ | = √3 , | 𝑏⃗⃗ | = 2 and 𝑎⃗ .𝑏⃗⃗ = √6 , find the angle
between 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ .

7. Find the value of ρ for which ρ ( 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) is a unit vector.

8. Find the area of the parallelogram whose adjacent sides are represented by the vectors 3𝑖̂+𝑗̂-2𝑘̂ and
𝑖̂-3𝑗̂+4𝑘̂ .

9. If | 𝑎⃗ | = √26 , | 𝑏⃗⃗ | = 7 and |𝑎⃗ x 𝑏⃗⃗ | = 35 , find 𝑎⃗ . 𝑏⃗⃗ .

10. Find the value of 𝑖̂.(𝑗̂ x 𝑘̂ )+ 𝑗̂ .(𝑖̂ x 𝑘̂ ) +𝑘̂ . (𝑖̂ x 𝑗̂)

 Two marks questions

11. Find the value of ρ for which 𝑎⃗ =3𝑖̂+2𝑗̂+3k and 𝑏⃗⃗ =𝑖̂+ ρ𝑗̂+3k are perpendicular vectors.

12. If 𝑎⃗ .𝑏⃗⃗ =𝑎⃗ .𝑐⃗ , 𝑎⃗ x𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑎⃗ x 𝑐⃗ and 𝑎⃗ ≠0 then prove that 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑐⃗ .

13. If 𝑎⃗ =𝑖̂+𝑗̂+k and 𝑏⃗⃗ =𝑗̂-k . Find a vector 𝑐⃗ such that 𝑎⃗ x𝑐⃗ = 𝑏⃗⃗ , 𝑎⃗ .𝑐⃗ = 3 .

14. Show that the vectors 𝑖̂-3𝑗̂+4k , 2𝑖̂-𝑗̂+2𝑘̂ and 4𝑖̂-7𝑗̂+10𝑘̂ are coplanar.

15. If 𝑎⃗ =𝑖̂+𝑗̂+2𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ = 3𝑖̂+2𝑗̂-𝑘̂ . Find the value of (𝑎⃗ +3𝑏⃗⃗ ).(2𝑎⃗ -𝑏⃗⃗ ) .

Four marks questions

16. Prove that – [ 𝑎⃗ +𝑏⃗⃗ 𝑏⃗⃗ +𝑐⃗ 𝑐⃗+𝑎⃗ ] = 2 [ 𝑎⃗ 𝑏⃗⃗ 𝑐⃗ ]

17. Find the value of λ for which the points A(3,2,1) , B(4,λ,5) , C(4,2,-2) and D(6,5,-1) are coplanar.

18. If 𝑎⃗ +𝑏⃗⃗ +𝑐⃗= 0 , prove that 𝑎⃗ x𝑏⃗⃗ =𝑏⃗⃗ x𝑐⃗=𝑐⃗x𝑎⃗ .

19. If 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ are unit vectors and θ is the angle between them then prove that
1
Sin θ/2 = |𝑎⃗ -𝑏⃗⃗ |
2

20. If 𝑎⃗ +𝑏⃗⃗ +𝑐⃗=0 and |𝑎⃗ |=3 , |𝑏⃗⃗ |=5 and |𝑐⃗| = 7 , then show that the angle between 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ is 600.

LEVEL-L3
One mark questions

1. The unit vector normal to the plane containing 𝑎⃗=𝑖̂-𝑗̂-𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ =𝑖̂-𝑗̂-𝑘̂ is
a) 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ b)- 𝑗̂+𝑘̂ c) 1 (-𝑗̂+ 𝑘̂ ) d) 1 (𝑖̂-𝑗̂-𝑘̂ )
√2 √2

𝑎 2 ,|𝑏⃗⃗|=7 and ⃗⃗⃗⃗

2. If |⃗⃗⃗⃗|= 𝑎 x 𝑏⃗⃗ =3 𝑖̂+2 𝑗̂+6 𝑘̂ then angle between ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑎 and 𝑏⃗⃗ is
a) π/6 b) π/3 c) 2𝜋/3 d) 3π/4

3. If ⃗⃗⃗⃗=i+2
𝑎 j – 3 k and 𝑏⃗⃗ = 3 I – j + 2 k then the angle between ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ is
a) π/3 b) π/4 c) π/2 d) 2 π/3

𝑎 | = 2 , | 𝑏⃗⃗ | = 3 and ⃗⃗⃗⃗

4. If | ⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑎 . 𝑏⃗⃗ = 4 then the value of | ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗ – 𝑏⃗⃗ | is
a) √3 b) √5 C) √2 d) None of these

5. If is the angle between ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ and |⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗|=|⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑎 x 𝑏⃗⃗ | , then what is the value of θ ?
a) 2 π/3 b) π/3 c ) π/4 d) π/2
 𝑎 and 𝑏⃗⃗ are two unit vectors such that ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ is a unit vector . What is the value of angle between
6. If ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑎 and 𝑏⃗⃗ ?
⃗⃗⃗⃗
a) 2 π/3 b) π/4 c) π/3 d) π/2

𝑎 -𝑗̂-3𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗=𝑖̂+3𝑗̂-5𝑘̂ then show that ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗+𝑏⃗⃗ and ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗- 𝑏⃗⃗ are orthogonal.
7. If ⃗⃗⃗⃗=5𝑖̂

8. Find the projection of 8 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ in the direction of 𝑖̂ +2𝑗̂-2𝑘̂.

𝑎 +2j-3k and b=3𝑖̂-𝑗̂+2𝑘̂ then calculate the angle between 2⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗ +𝑏⃗⃗ and ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗ +2𝑏⃗⃗.
9. If ⃗⃗⃗⃗=𝑖̂

𝑎 = 2 , |𝑏⃗⃗|=7 and ⃗⃗⃗⃗

10. If |⃗⃗⃗⃗| 𝑎 x 𝑏⃗⃗ = 3𝑖̂+2𝑗̂+6𝑘̂ find the value of θ, θ is the angle between ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗ & 𝑏⃗⃗.

Two marks questions

11. Show that the vectors⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗=𝑖̂+3j+k , 𝑏⃗⃗= 2𝑖̂-j-k and 𝑐⃗= 7𝑖̂+3k are parallel to the plane.

𝑎 , 𝑏⃗⃗ , 𝑐⃗ are non-coplanar. if and only if ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗+𝑏⃗⃗ , 𝑏⃗⃗+ 𝑐⃗ and 𝑐⃗+⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗ are non-coplanar.
12. Show that ⃗⃗⃗⃗

13. Find the vector of magnitude 5 units perpendicular to each of ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗+b and ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗–𝑏⃗⃗ , where⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗=𝑖̂+𝑗̂+𝑘̂ and
𝑏⃗⃗=𝑖̂+2𝑗̂+3𝑘̂.

14. Find the sine of the angle between the vectors⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗=2𝑖̂-𝑗̂+3𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗=𝑖̂+3𝑗̂+2𝑘̂.

15. Find the value of λ so that the vectors ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗=2𝑖̂-3𝑗̂+𝑘̂ , 𝑏⃗⃗=𝑖̂+2𝑗̂-3𝑘̂ and 𝑐⃗=𝑗̂+λ𝑘̂ are coplanar.

Four marks questions

𝑎 , 𝑏⃗⃗, 𝑐⃗ are three mutually perpendicular vectors of the same magnitude, prove that ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗ +𝑏⃗⃗+ 𝑐⃗ is
16. If ⃗⃗⃗⃗
equally inclined to the vectors ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑐⃗.

𝑎 -2𝑗̂+5𝑘̂ as sum of two vectors such that one is parallel to the vector 𝑏⃗⃗=3i+k
17. Express the vectors ⃗⃗⃗⃗=5𝑖̂
and other is perpendicular to 𝑏⃗⃗ .

𝑎 is perpendicular to 𝑏⃗⃗ and c , |⃗⃗⃗⃗|=2,

18. If ⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑎 |𝑏⃗⃗|=3 | 𝑐⃗|=4 and the angle between 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑐⃗ is 2π/3 then
𝑎.( 𝑏⃗⃗ x 𝑐⃗)=12√3
prove that ⃗⃗⃗⃗

19. Show that the four points with position vectors 6𝑖̂-7𝑗̂ , 16𝑖̂-19𝑗̂-4𝑘̂, 3𝑖̂ – 6𝑘̂ and 2𝑖̂-5𝑗̂+10𝑘̂ are
coplanar.

20. Show that the points A, B, C with position vectors 2𝑖̂-𝑗̂+k , 𝑖̂-3𝑗̂-5𝑘̂ and 3𝑖̂-4𝑗̂+4𝑘̂ respectively , are
the vertices of the right angled triangle.
 Ch-11: Three-dimensional Coordinate Geometry
LEVEL 1
1 Mark Question

Q1. If a line makes angles 60º, 90º with X and Y axis respectively.
Find acute angle made by the line with positive direction of Z axis

A) 45º B) 30º C) 0º D) 60º

Q2. If line has direction ratio 2, -1, -2 & direction cosines <l, m, n>. What is the
value of direction Cosine “n”?
2 −1 −2
A) B) C) D) 1
3 3 3

3−𝑥 𝑦+2 𝑧+2

Q3. Values of direction Cosine along X axis of line parallel to = = is.
3 −2 6
2 3 6 3
A)− B)− C) D)
7 7 7 7

𝑥−5 𝑦+4 𝑧−6

Q4. Write the vector equation of line given by = =
3 7 2

Q5. Write the Sum of intercepts cut off by Plane 𝑟⃗. (2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂) = 5 on three axes.

2 Marks Question

1−𝑥 7𝑦−14 𝑧−3 7−7𝑥 𝑦−5 6−𝑧

Q6. Find the value of 𝜆 so that lines = = & = =
3 2𝜆 2 3𝜆 1 5
are at right angle.

Q7. Find equation of line passing through (2, 1, 3) and perpendicular to lines
x−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−3 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
= = and = =
1 2 3 −3 𝑥 5

Q8. Find shortest distance between lines whose equations are

𝑟⃗ = (𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂) + 𝜆(2𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂)

𝑟⃗ = (2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ − 3𝑘̂) + 𝜇(𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂)

Q9. Write the vector equation of plane passing through point (a, b, c) and parallel to
plane 𝑟⃗. (𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) = 5.

Q10. Find the cartesian equation of plane through points (2,1, -1) and (-1,3,4) and
perpendicular to plane x - 2y + 4z =10
4 Marks Question
𝑥−1 𝑦+1 𝑧+10
Q11. Find length of perpendicular from point (1, 0, 0) to the line = = .
2 −3 8

Q12. Find equation of plane passing through (1, 1, -1) and perpendicular to planes
𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 3𝑧 − 7 = 0 and 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 0.
Q13. Find the equation of plane containing the lines
𝑟⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 3𝑘̂ + 𝜆(𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂) & 𝑟⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ + 𝜇(3𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂)

6 Marks Question

Q14. Find coordinates of foot of perpendicular and perpendicular distance of point

P (3, 2, 1) from plane 2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 𝑧 + 7 = 0.
Q15. Find equation of plane passing through the intersections of plane 2𝑥 + 𝑦 −
𝑥−1 𝑦−3 𝑧−5
𝑧 = 3 and 5𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 4𝑧 + 9 = 0 and parallel to line = = .
2 4 5
𝑥−2
Q16. Find the distance of point (2, 12, 5) from point of intersection of line =
3
𝑦+4 𝑧−2
= and plane 𝑟⃗. (𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) = 0.
4 2

Q17. Find the image of the point having position vector 𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂ in the plane
̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) + 3 = 0 .
𝑟⃗. (2𝑖
𝑥−4 𝑦 𝑧−1
Q18. Find perpendicular distance of the point (2, 3, 4) from line = = .
−2 6 −3

LEVEL 2
1 Mark Question

Q1. Distance of point P (a, b, c) from x axis.

A) √𝑎2 + 𝑐 2 B) √𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 C) √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 D) a

Q2. Direction cosine of a line parallel to z axis is

A) 1,1,0 B) 1,0,0 C) 0,1,1 D) 0,0,1

Q3. Write vector equation of plane with intercepts 3, -4, 2 on x, y and z axis.

Q4. Find the length of perpendicular drawn from the origin to the plane
2x – 3y + 6z + 21 = 0

A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 1

Q5. Find distance between planes 2x – y – 2z = 5 and 5x – 2.5y – 5z = 20

2 2 1
A) 1 B) C) D)
5 3 7
2 Mark Question

Q.6 Find the value of 𝜆 so that the lines are perpendicular to each other
𝑥−5 2− 𝑦 1−𝑧 𝑥 2𝑦+1 1− 𝑧
= = And = =
5𝜆+2 5 −1 1 4𝜆 −3

Q7. Find equation of line passing through 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 3𝑘̂ and perpendicular to lines
𝑟⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 𝜆(2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 3𝑘̂) and 𝑟⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ + 𝜇(𝑖 + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) .

Q8. The x coordinate of a point on line joining P (2, 2, 1) and Q (5, 1, -2) is 4. Find
z coordinate.

Q9. Find shortest distance between the lines whose vector equation are
𝑟⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗 + 𝜆(2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) and 𝑟⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ + 𝜇(3𝑖 − 5𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂) .

Q10. Find Coordinate of foot of perpendicular from point (3, -1, 11) to line
𝑥 𝑦−2 𝑧−3
= = .
2 3 4

𝑥−2 𝑦−1 𝑧+5

Q11. Find value of 𝜆 such that line = = is perpendicular to plane
6 𝜆 −4
3x – y – 2z = 7.

4 Mark Question
𝑥−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−3 𝑥−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−3
Q12. If line = = and = = are perpendicular. Find the
−3 −2𝑘 2 𝑘 1 5
value of k and hence find equation of plane containing these lines.

Q13. Find equation of perpendicular from the point (3, -1, -11) to line
𝑥 𝑦−2 𝑧−3
= = .
2 3 4

Q14. Find vector and cartesian equations of line through points (1, 2, -4) and
perpendicular to the lines 𝑟⃗ = (8𝑖̂ − 19𝑗̂ + 10𝑘̂) + 𝜆(3𝑖̂ − 16𝑗̂ + 7𝑘̂ ) and 𝑟⃗ =
(15𝑖̂ + 29𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂) + 𝜇(3𝑖 + 8𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂).

6 Mark Question

Q15. Find equation of plane which contains the line of intersection of the planes
x + 2y + 3z – 4 = 0 and 2x + y – z + 3 = 0 and whose x intercept is twice its z
intercept.

Q16. Find the coordinate of the point where the line through (3, -4, -5) and (2, -3,1)
crosses the plane passing through (2,2,1), (3,0,1) and (4, -1,0).

Q17. Find vector equation of line passing through point (1, 2, 3) and parallel to
planes 𝑟⃗. (𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂) = 5 and 𝑟⃗. (3𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) = 6.
 LEVEL 3
1 Mark Question

Q1. Equation of line is 5x – 3 = 15y + 7 = 3 – 10z. Write direction cosine along

X axis.
2 6 −2
A) B) C) D) 1
9 7 7

3−𝑥 𝑦+4 2𝑧−6

Q2. If the cartesian equation of line is = = . Then it’s vector
5 7 4
equation will be ___________?

Q3. If line makes an angle 𝛼, 𝛽 and 𝛾 with X, Y and Z axis respectively then
value of 𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝛼 + 𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝛽 + 𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝛾 is

A) 1 B) 2 C) -1 D) 0

Q4. What is the distance of point (2, 3, 4) from X axis __________?

Q5. Coordinate of projection of point P (2, -3, 5) on Y axis.

A) (2,0,0) B) (0,3,0) C) (0,0,5) D) (0, -3,0)

2 Mark Question
𝑥−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−3 𝑥−1 𝑦−1 𝑧−6
Q6. If lines = = and = = are perpendicular find 𝜆.
−3 2𝜆 2 3𝜆 1 5

Q7. Find shortest distance between lines

𝑟⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ − 4𝑘̂ + 𝛼(2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂)
𝑟⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂ + 𝜇(4𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ + 12𝑘̂)

𝑥+2 𝑦+1 𝑧−3

Q8. Find point on line = = at a distance of 5 units from (1,3,3).
3 2 2

𝑥−2 𝑦+1 𝑧−2

Q9. Find coordinates on point where the line = = intersects the
3 4 2
plane x - y + z + 5 = 0.

Q10. Find x coordinates of the point where the line passing through points A (3,
4, 1) & B (5, 1, 6) intersects X - Y plane.

4 Marks Question

Q11. Find the equation of plane through the intersection of planes x + 3y = 6

and 3x – y – 4z = 0 and whose perpendicular distance from origin is unity.

Q12. Find equation of plane passing through the point A (1, 2, 1) and
perpendicular to the line joining point P (1, 4, 2) and Q (2, 3, 5).
 𝑥−1 𝑦+1 𝑧−1 𝑥−3 𝑦−𝑘 𝑧
Q13. If lines = = and = = intersects find the value of k
2 3 4 1 2 1
and also equation of plane containing these lines.

Q14. Find equations of plane passing through the point (-1, 3, 2) and
perpendicular to each plane x + 2y + 3z = 5 and 3x + 3y + z = 5.

6 Marks Question

Q15. Find equation of plane determined by points A (3, -1, 2), B (5, 2, 4) &
C (-1, -1, 6) and hence find the distance between plane and point (6, 5, 9)

Q16. Find distance of point (1, -2, 3) from the plane x – y + z = 5 measured
𝑥−1 𝑦−3 𝑧+2
parallel to the = = .
2 3 −6

Q17. Find length and foot of perpendicular from point P (7, 14, 5) to plane
2x + 4y – z = 2 also find its image.
𝑥+2 2𝑦+3 3𝑧+4
Q18. Find distance of point (-2, 3, -4) from line = = measured
3 4 5
parallel to plane 4x + 12y – 3z + 1 = 0.

Q19. Find the equation of plane which contains lines of intersection of planes
𝑟⃗. (𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂) − 4 = 0 and 𝑟⃗. (2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ ) + 5 = 0 with X and Y intercepts
are equal.
 Chapter 12: Linear Programming
Level 1
1 mark
1. Maximize z = 3x + 4y subject to constraints x + y ≤ 4
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
(a) 16 (b) 9 (c) 8 (d) 0
2. For maximizing z = 3x +2y under constraints x + 2y ≤ 10
3x + y ≤ 15 x ≥ 0 y ≥ 0 which is not corner point
(a) (0,5) (b) (4,5) (c) (5,0) (d) (10,0)
3. The problem to be maximized or minimized is called
(a) Objective Functions (b) Convex (c) Feasible Solution (d)
Dummy Solution
4 marks
4. Solve graphically maximize z = 3x + 9y subject to constraints x + 3y ≤ 60, x + y ≥ 10,
x ≤ y, x≥0, y≥0

5. Maximize z = 5x + 10y subject to constraints x + 2y ≤ 120, x + y ≥ 60, x – 2y ≥ 0, x, y

≥0
6. Minimize z = 18x + 10y subject to the constraints 4x + y ≥ 20, 2x + 3y ≥ 30, x ≥ 0, y
≥0

7. A small firm manufactures necklaces and bracelets. The total number of necklaces and
bracelets that they can handle per day is almost 24 and it takes 1 hour to make a bracelet
½ hour to make a necklace. The maximum number of hours available per day is 16. If
the profit on the necklace is ₹100 and that on the bracelet is ₹300. Formulate the
following problem as LPP and find the number of necklaces and bracelets it should
manufacture to maximize profit.

8. Two tailors ‘A’ & ‘B’ earn ₹300 and ₹ 400 per day respectively. ‘A’ can stich 6 shirts
and 4 pair of trousers while ‘B’ can stich 10 shirts and 4 pairs of trousers per day. To
find how many days should each of them to work if it is desired to produce at least 60
shirts and 32 trousers at minimum labour cost. Formulate this LPP and solve.

9. A manufacturer produces nuts and bolts. It takes 2 hours work on machine A and 3
hours of work on machine B to produce a package of nuts. It takes 3 hours on machine
A and 2 hours on machine B to produce a package of bolts. He earns a profit of ₹24 per
package on nuts and ₹18 per package of bolts. How many packages of nuts and bolts
should he produce to maximize profit? He operates his machine at most 10 hours a day.

10. A small firm manufactures gold ring and chains. The total number of both items that
can be manufactured per day is at most 24. It takes one hour to make a ring and 30
minutes to make a chain and maximum number of hours available per day is 16. If the
profit on ring is Rs. 300 and on chain is Rs. 190. Find the number of rings and chains
he can manufacture to maximize profit.
 11. One kind of cake requires 300gm of flour and 15gm of fat another kind of cake requires
150gm of flour and 30gm of fat. Find the maximum number of cakes which can be
made from 7.5kh of flour and 600gm of fat assuming that there is no shortage of other
ingredients.

12. A man has Rs. 1500 for purchasing wheat and rice. A bag of rice and wheat costs Rs.180
and Rs.120 respectively. He has storage capacity of only 10 bags. He earns a profit of
Rs. 11 per bag of rice and Rs. 9 per bag of wheat. Find the number of each types of
bags he should buy to maximize profit.

13. A company produces soft drinks that has a contract which requires a minimum of 80
units of chemical A and 60 units of chemical B to go into each bottle. The chemicals
are available in a prepared mix from two different suppliers. Supplier S has a mix of 4
units of A and 2 units of B which costs Rs. 10 while T has a mix of 1 unit of A and 1
unit of B that costs Rs. 4. How many mixes from S and T should company purchase to
minimize cost?

14. A dealer wishes to purchase fans and sewing machines which costs him Rs. 360 and
Rs. 240 each. He has Rs.5760 to invest and a space for at most 20 items. He can sell a
fan and a sewing machine at a profit of Rs.22 and Rs.18 respectively. How many items
he buys so that he can maximize his profit. Design a LPP and solve.

15. A company produces two types of goods A and B that requires gold and silver. Each
unit of type A requires 3gms of silver and 1gm of gold while each unit of type B requires
1gm of silver and 2gms of gold. The company has 9gms of silver and 8gms of gold. If
each unit of type A and type B yields a profit of Rs. 50 and Rs.40 respectively. Solving
graphically find number of each types of A and B it can produce to maximize profit.
Level-2
1mark
1. Minimize Z=-3x + 4y subject to constraints x+2y≤8, 3x+2y≤12, x≥0, y≥0.
(a) 16 (b) 6 (c) -12 (d) -24
2. For maximizing Z = 3x+2y under constraints x+2y≤10, 3x+y≤15, x≥0, y≥0 which is
corner point
(a) (0,4) (b) (8,0) (c) (4,3) (d) (10,0)
3. The solution of linear programming problem is obtained at points graphically is called
(a) End points (b) corner points (c) critical point (d) none.
4 marks
4. Maximize Z = 4x + 3y subject to 3x+4y≤24, 8x+6y≤48, x≤5, y≤6, x≥0, y≥0.

5. Minimize Z = 3x+2y subject to constraints x+y≥8, 3x+5y≤15, x≥0, y≥0.

6. Solve LPP graphically to minimize Z=3x+5y such that x+3y≥3, x+y≥2, x≥0, y≥0.
7. A decorative item dealer deals in two items A and B. He has Rs. 15000 to invest and
space to store at most 80 pieces. Item A costs Rs.300 and item B costs Rs.150. He can
sell items A and B respectively at profits of Rs.50 and Rs.28. Assuming he can sell all,
he buys formulate the LPP to maximize profit.
8. Rohit owns a field of 1000sqm. He wants to plant fruit trees for which he has Rs.1400.
He has choice of two types of trees types A requires 10sqm of ground and cost Rs.20
per tree while type B requires 20sqm and costs Rs.25 per tree. When fully grown type,
A produces an average of 20kg of fruit which can be sold at profit of Rs.2/kg and type
B produces an average of 40kg of fruit which can be sold at Rs.1.5/kg profit. How many
trees of each type should be planted to maximize profit?

9. A manufacturer company makes two types of teaching aids A and B of mathematics for
class XII. Each type of A requires 9 labor hours of fabricating and 1 labor hour for
finishing. Each type of B requires 12 labor hours for fabricating and 3 labor hours for
finishing. For fabricating and finishing, the maximum labor hour available per week is
180 and 30 respectively. The company makes a profit of Rs. 80 on each piece of type
A and Rs. 120 on each piece of type B. How many pieces of type A and type B should
be manufactured per week to get a maximum profit? Make it as an LPP and solve
graphically. What is the maximum profit per week?

10. A firm makes two types of furniture: chairs and tables. The contribution to profit for
each product as calculated by the accounting department is Rs.20 per chair and Rs.30
per table. Both products are to be processed on three machines M1, M2 and M3. The
time required in hours by each product and total time available in hours per week on
each machine is as follows:
Machine Chair Table Available time
𝑀1 3 3 36
𝑀2 5 2 50
𝑀3 2 6 60
How should the manufacturer schedule his production in October to maximize profit?

11. A toy company manufactures two types of doll; a basic version-doll A and a deluxe
version doll B. Each doll of type B takes twice as long as to produce as one of type A,
and the company would have time to make a maximum of 2000 per day if it produces
only the basic version. The supply of plastic is sufficient to produce 1500 dolls per day
(both A and B combined). The deluxe version requires a fancy dress of which there are
only 600 per day available. If company makes profit of Rs.3 and Rs.5 per doll,
respectively, on doll A and B; how many each should be produced per day in order to
maximize profit.

12. A diet for a sick person must contain at least 4000 units of vitamins, 50 units of minerals
and 1,400 calories. Two foods X and Y are available at a cost of Rs. 4 and Rs. 3 per
unit respectively. One unit of the food X contains 200 units of vitamins, 1 unit of
mineral and 40 calories, whereas one unit of food Y contains 100 units of vitamins, 2
units of minerals and 40 calories. Find what combination of X and Y should be used to
have least cost? Also find the least cost.
13. A manufacturing company makes two types of television sets; one is black and white
and the other is colour. The company has resources to make at most 300 sets a week. It
takes Rs 1800 to make a black and white set and Rs 2700 to make a coloured set. The
company can spend no more than Rs 648000 a week to make television sets. If it makes
a profit of Rs 510 per black and white set and Rs 675 per coloured set, how many sets
of each type should be produced so that the company has maximum profit? Formulate
this problem as a LPP given that the objective is to maximize the profit.

14. A chemist requires 10, 12 and 12 units of chemicals A, B and C respectively for his
analysis. A liquid product contains 5, 2, and 1 unit of A, B and C respectively and it
costs Rs. 3 per jar. A dry product contains 1, 2, and 4 units of A, B and C per carton
and costs Rs. 2 per carton. How many of each should he purchase in order to minimize
the cost and meet the requirement?

15. A manufacturer consider that the men and women are equally efficient and so pays
them at the same rate. He has 30 and 17 units of workers (male and female) and capital
respectively, which he used to produce one unit of A, 2 workers and 3 units of capital
are required while 3 workers and 1 unit of capital is required to produce one-unit B. If
A and B are priced at Rs. 100 and Rs. 120 per unit respectively. How should he use his
resource to maximize the total revenue?
Level – 3
1mark
1. Corner points of the feasible region for an LPP are (0, 2), (3, 0), (6, 0), (6, 8)
and (0, 5). Let F = 4x + 6y be the objective function. The Minimum value of
F occurs at
(a) (0, 2) only (b) (3, 0) only
(c) the midpoint of the line segment joining the points (0, 2) and (3, 0) only
(d) Any point on the line segment joining the points (0, 2) and (3, 0).

2. Corner points of the feasible region determined by the system of linear

constraints are (0, 3), (1, 1) and (3, 0). Let Z = px + qy , where p, q > 0.
Condition on p and q so that the minimum of Z occurs at (3, 0) and (1, 1) is
(a) p = 2q (b) p = q /2 (c) p = 3q (d) p = q

3. In a LPP if the objective function Z = ax + by has the same maximum value on two
corner points of the feasible region, then every point on the line segment joining these
two points give the same _________ value.
4 marks
4. Graphically solve the system of inequations x-y ≤ 2, x +y ≤ 4, x 0, y0

5. Minimize Z = 2x +3y subject to constraints: x 0, y0, 1≤x+2y≤ 10

6. A factory manufactures two types of screws, A and B. Each type of screw requires the
use of two machines, an automatic and a hand operated. It takes 4 minutes on the
automatic and 6 minutes on hand operated machines to manufacture a package of
screws A, while it takes 6 minutes on automatic and 3 minutes on the hand operated
machines to manufacture a package of screws B. Each machine is available for at the
most 4 hours on any day. The manufacturer can sell a package of screws A at a profit
of 70 paise and screws B at a profit of Rs 1. Assuming that he can sell all the screws
he manufactures, how many packages of each type should the factory owner produce
in a day in order to maximize his profit? Formulate the above LPP and solve it
graphically and find the maximum profit?

7. Two tailor, A and B earn Rs. 300 and Rs. 400 per day respectively. A can stitch 6 shirts
and 4 pairs of trousers while B can stitch 10 shirts and 4 pairs of trousers per day. To
find how many days should each of them work and if it is desired to produce at least 60
shirts and 32 pairs of trousers at a minimum labour cost, formulate this as an LPP.

8. An aero plane can carry a maximum of 200 passengers. A profit of Rs 1000 is made on
each first class ticket and a profit of Rs 600 on each economy class ticket. The airlines
reserve at least 20 seats for first class. However, at least 4 times as many passengers
prefer to travel in economy class than by the first-class ticket. Determine how many
tickets of each class must be sold to maximize profit for airlines. What is the maximum
profit?

9. A catering agency has two kitchens to prepare food at two places A and B. From these
places ‘Mid-day Meal’ is to be supplied to three different schools situated at P, Q, R.
The monthly requirements of the schools are respectively 40, 40 and 50 food packets.
A packet contains lunch for 1000 students. Preparing capacity of kitchens, A and B are
60 and 70 packets per month respectively. The transportation cost per packet from the
kitchens to schools is given below:
Transportation cost per packets (in Rs.)
To From
A B
P 5 4

Q 4 2

R 3 5

How many packets from each kitchen should be transported to school so that the cost
of transportation is minimum? Also find the minimum cost.

10. If a young man rides his motorcycle at 25 km/hour, he had to spend Rs. 2 per km on
petrol. If he rides at a faster speed of 40 km/hour, the petrol cost increases at Rs. 5 per
km. He has Rs. 100 to spend on petrol and wishes to find, what is the maximum distance
he can travel within one hour? Express this as an LPP and solve it graphically.
11. A factory owner wants to purchase two types of machines, A and B, for his factory,
The machine A requires an area of 1000 m 2 and 12 skilled men for running it and its
daily output is 50 units whereas the machine B requires an area of 1200 m 2 and 8
skilled men, and its daily output is 40 units. If an area of 7600 m 2 and 72 skilled men
be available to operate the machine, how many machines of each should be bought to
maximize the daily output?

12. A village has 500 hectares of land to grow two types of plants, X and d Y. The
contributions of total amount of oxygen produced by plant X and plant Y are 60 %
and 40 % per hectare respectively. To control weeds, a liquid herbicide has to be
used for X and Y at rates of 20 liters and 10 litres per hectare, respectively. Further
no more than 8000 liters of herbicides should be used in order to protect aquatic
animals in a pond which collects drainage from this land. How much land should be
allocated to each crop so as to maximize the total production of oxygen?

13. An NGO is helping the poor people of earthquake hit village by providing medicines.
In order to do this, they set up a plant to prepare two medicines A and B. There is
sufficient raw material available to make 20000 bottles of medicine A and 40000 bottles
of medicine B but there are 45000 bottles into which either of the medicine can be put.
Further it takes 3 hours to prepare enough material to fill 1000 bottles of medicine A
and takes 1 hour to prepare enough material to fill 1000 bottles of medicine B and there
are 66 hours available for the operation. If the bottle of medicine A is used for 8 patients
and bottle of medicine B is used for 7 patients. How the NGO should plan his
production to cover maximum patients?

14. Vikas has been given two lists of problems from his mathematics teacher with the
instructions to submit not more than 100 of them correctly solved for marks. The
problems in the first list are worth 10 marks each and those in the second list are
worth 5 marks each. Vikas knows from past experience that he requires on an average
of 4 minutes to solve a problem of 10 marks and 2 minutes to solve a problem of 5
marks. He has other subjects to worry about; he cannot devote more than 4 hours to
his mathematics assignment. With reference to manage his time in best possible way
how many problems from each list shall he do to maximize his marks?

15. Every gram of wheat provides 0.1 gram of protein and 0.25 gram of carbohydrates. The
corresponding values for rice are 0.05 gm and 0.5 g respectively. Wheat costs Rs 4 per
Kg and rice Rs 6 per Kg. The minimum daily requirement of protein and carbohydrates
for an average child are50gm 200gm respectively. In what quantities should wheat rice
be mixed in the daily diet to provide minimum daily requirement of proteins and
Carbohydrates at minimum cost. Form an L P P and solve graphically.
 CH- 13 PROBABILITY
( L1 Questions )
Q.N.1 - If P(A)=0.3, P(B)=0.7 and P(AՈB) = 0.1, what is P(A/B) ?
1 3
a) b) c)0.5 d) None
7 7
6 2 4
Q.N.2 - If P(AUB) = , P(A) = and P(B) = , what is P(AՈB) ?
7 7 7

a) 0.2 b) 0.3 c) 0 d) None

Q.N.3 – A coin is tossed 3 times. What is the probability of getting
Head in all 3 times
a) 0.125 b) 0.25 c) 0.50 d) None
Q.N.4 – If A and B are independent events,
then P(AՈB) = ……………………..
Q.N.5 – If A and B are mutually exclusive events then
P(AUB) = P(A) + P(B)
Is it true ?
Q.N.6 – Events E={1,3,5} , F={2,3} and G = { 2,3,4,5}
Find P((EUF)/G)
Q.N.7 - P(A) = 0.3 , P(B) = 0.6 , find P( A and not B) . Given that
events A and B are independent events .
Q.N.8 – Find the probability distribution of number of Heads in two
tosses of a coin .
Q.N.9 – Find the mean of the numbers obtained on throwing a die
having written 1 on three faces ,2 on two faces and 5 on
one face .
Q.N.10 – A random variable X has the following probability
distribution
X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 0 K 2K 3K

Determine
I. K
II. P(X<2)
Q.N.11 – Find the probability of getting 5 exactly twice in 7 throws
of a die.
Q.N.12 – A bag contains 4 red and 4 black balls , another bag
contains 2 red and 6 black balls . One of the two bags is
selected at random and a ball is drawn from the bag . Find
the probability that it is red .
Q.N.13 – There are three coins . One is two headed ( having head
on both faces ), another is biased coin that comes up
heads 75% of time and third is an unbiased coin . One of
the three coins is chosen at random and tossed. it shows
Head . What is the probability that it was the two headed
coin .
Q.N.14 – Bag I contains 3 red and 4 black balls while another Bag II
contains 5 red and 6 black balls . One ball is randomly
drawn from one of the bags and it is found to be red .
Find the probability that it was drawn from Bag II .
Q.N.15- A die is thrown 6 times . If getting a prime number is a
success. What is the probability of
I. 3 success
II. At least 5 successes

(L2 Questions)

4 5 2
Q.N.16- If P(A) = , P(B) = , P(AՈB) = .
11 11 11

What is P (not A and not B) ?

4 3
a) b) c) 0 d) None
11 11

Q.N.17- P(A)=0.2 P(B) = 0.7 , P(AUB)= 0.8 . What is P(A/B) ?

2 1
a) b) c) 0 d) None
7 7

Q.N.18 – If P(AUB) = 0.83 , P(A) = 0.3 and P(B) = 0.6 , then the
events will be
a) Dependent b) Independent
c) Can not say anything d) Mutually exclusive events
Q.N.19- If P(A) = 1/4 , P(A/B) = 1/2 and P(B/A) = 2/3 . Find P(B) .
Q.N.20- A die is tossed thrice . Find the probability of getting an
odd number at least once .
Q.N.21- Assume that each born child is equal likely to be boy or girl.
If a family have two children . What is the conditional
probability that both are girls given that youngest is a girl.
Q.N.22- Given that two numbers appearing on throwing two dice
are different . Find the probability of the event “the sum of
the numbers on the dice is 4”.
Q.N.23 – Probability of solving specific problem independently by A
and B are 1/2 and 1/3 respectively . If both try to solve the
problem independently . Find the probability that
i. Problem is solved
ii. Exactly one of them solves the problem.

Q.N.24 – In answering a question on a multiple choice test , a

3
student either knows the answer or guesses . Let be
4
1
the probability that he knows the answer and be the
4

probability that he guesses . Assuming that a student who

1
guesses at the answer will be correct with probability .
4

What is the probability that the student knows the

answer , given that he answered it correctly .
4
Q.N.25 – Probability that A speaks Truth is . A coin is tossed , A
5

reports that a Head appears . Find the probability that

actually there was Head .
Q.N.26 – An insurance company insured 2000 scooter drivers , 4000
car drivers and 6000 truck drivers . The probability of an
accidents are 0.01 , 0.05 and 0.15 respectively . One of the
insured person meet with an accident . What is the
probability that he is a scooter driver .
Q.N.27 – A coin is biased so that the Head is 4 times as likely to
occur as Tail . If the coin tossed twice . Find the probability
distribution of number of Tails .
Q.N.28 - Find the probability distribution of number of doublets in
three tosses of a pair of dice .
Q.N.29 – Find the probability of getting 3 Heads out of 5 throws of
coin .
Q.N.30 – A pair of dice is thrown 4 times . If getting a doublet is
considered a success . Find the probability distribution
of two success .

(L3 Questions )

Q.N.31 – Out of 50 tickets numbered 00 , 01 , 02 , ……………….. , 49 .

One ticket is drawn randomly . The probability of the
ticket having the product of its digit 7 given the sum of the
digits is 8 is
1 3 1
a) b) c) d) None
14 14 5

Q.N.32 – In a school , there are 50 teachers and a principal . What is

the probability that birthday of principal is on Monday ?
1 1 1
a) b) c) d) None
50 51 7
Q.N.33 – A coin is tossed 4 times . The probability that at least one
Head turns up is
1 2 14 15
a) b) c) d)
16 16 16 16

Q.N.34 – If A and B are two events such that P(A) = 0.6 P(B) = 0.2
and P(A/B) = 0.5 . Then P(not A/not B ) is
1 3 3 6
a) b) c) d)
10 10 8 7

Q.N.35 – A bag contains 5 red and 3 blue balls . If 3 balls are drawn
at random without replacement , then the probability of
getting exactly one red ball is ……………
Q.N.36 – If A and B are independent events such that P(A) = p ,
P(B) = 2p and P(exactly one of A and B occurs ) = 5/9 .
Value of p = …………………………
Q.NO.37 Two Dice are thrown. If it is known that the sum of the
number on dice was less than 6. Then probability of sum is 3
………………….
Q.NO.38 Assume that in a family, each child is equally likely to be a
boy or girl. A family with three children is chosen at random.
Probability that the eldest child a girl given that the family has at
least one girl is …… .
Q.NO.39 If A & B are such that P(AUB)= 5/9 and P(not A or not
B)=2/3, then P(not A)+ P(not B) =…… .
Q.NO.40 A pair of dice is thrown 7 times. If getting a total of 7 is
considered a success. What is the probability of no success.
Q.NO.41 A coin is tossed 5 times. What is probability of getting at
least 3 heads.
Q.NO.42 A man is known to speak truth two out of three times. He
throws a dice and report that it is six. Find the probability that it is
actually a six.
Q.NO.43 A card from a pack of 52 cards is lost. From the remaining
cards of pack, two cards drawn and are found to be both diamonds.
Find the probability of the lost card being diamond.
Q.NO.44 Suppose a girl throws a dice. If she get a 5 or 6. She tosses
a coin three times and notes the no. of heads. If gets 1,2,3,4. She
tosses a coin once and notes whether a head or tail is obtained. If
she obtain exactly one head. What is the probability that she threw
1,2,3,4 with the dice.
Q.NO.45 A&B throw a dice alternatively till one of them gets a 6
and win the game. Find their respective probabilities of winning if A
starts first.
Q.NO. 46 Bag first contain three red and four black balls and bag
second contain four red and five black balls. One ball is transferred
from bag first to second and then a ball is drawn from bag second.
The ball so drawn is found to be red in colour. Find the probability
that the transferred ball is black.
Q.NO.47 Suppose 5% of men and 1% of women have grey hair. A
grey haired person is selected at random. What is the probability
that this person being male. Assume that there are equal no. of
males and females.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………