12 STD MATHEMATICS (VOLUME-II)

(Only for Slow Learners / 5 mark question and answer)

+𝟓 0 1 2 3 4 iv) Existence of Identity e = 0

1) Verify (i) Closure property (ii) 0 0 1 2 3 4
1 1 2 3 4 0 v) Inverse Property
commutative property (iii) Associative
property (iv) Existence of Identity 2 2 3 4 0 1 Inverse of 0 = 0
(v) Existence of Inverse for the operation + 5 3 3 4 0 1 2 Inverse of 1 = 4
on Z 5 using table corresponding to addition 4 4 0 1 2 3 Inverse of 2 = 3
modulo 5. Inverse of 3 = 2
i) Closure property - true Inverse of 4 = 1
ii) Commutative property - true
iii) Associative property - true
 1 3 4 5 9 iv) Existence of identity e = 1
11
1 1 3 4 5 9 v) Inverse property
2) Verify (i) Closure property (ii)
3 3 9 1 4 5
commutative property (iii) Associative inverse of 1 = 1
4 4 1 5 9 3
property (iv) Existence of Identity
5 5 4 9 3 1 inverse of 3 = 4
(v) Existence of Inverse for the operation 11
9 9 5 3 1 4
on a subset A = { 1, 3, 4, 5, 9} of the set of inverse of 4 = 3
remainders {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ,5 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} inverse of 5 = 9
i) Closure property - true
ii) Commutative property - true inverse of 9 = 5
iii) Associative property - true
 x x  
 : x  R − 0 and let * be
3) Let M =  i) Closure property - true
 x x   ii) Commutative property - true v) Inverse property
the matrix multiplication. Determine whether M  1 1 
iii) Associative property - true  4x 4x 
is closed under *. If so examine the
(i) Commutative property (ii) Associative iv) Identity property - true inverse matrix =   M
property (iii) Existence of Identity 1 1   1 1 
2 2  
(iv) Existence of inverse property for the E = M  4x 4x 
operation * on M. 1 1 
 2 2

1
4) Let A be Q\{1}. Define * on A by x*y = x + y
- xy. Is * binary on A? If so, examine the the i) Closure property - true iv) Identity property - true
(i) Commutative property (ii) Associative e=0
ii) Commutative property - true
property (iii) Existence of Identity v) Inverse property
(iv) Existence of inverse property for the iii) Associative property - true −x
operation * on A. inverse element x −1 = A
1− x

5) Verify (i) closure property (ii)

i) Closure property - true iv) Identity property - true
commutative property (iii) associative
property (iv) existence of identity (v) ii) Commutative property - true e = 0
existence of inverse for the following v) Inverse property
iii) Associative property - true
operation on the given set. inverse does not exist
m * n = m + n − mn ; m, n  
ii) 𝑃(2 ≤ 𝑋 < 5) = 𝑃(2) + 𝑃(3) + 𝑃(4)
6) A random variable X has the following
probability mass function 13
∑ pi = 1 = 13𝑘 =
𝒙 1 2 3 4 5 6 30
𝒇(𝒙) 𝒌 𝟐𝒌 𝟔𝒌 𝟓𝒌 𝟔𝒌 𝟏𝟎𝒌 30𝑘 = 1
1
iii) 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 4) = 𝑃(1) + 𝑃(2) + 𝑃(3) + 𝑃(4)
Find (i) 𝑷(𝟐 < 𝑿 < 𝟔) k=
30 14
(ii) 𝑷(𝟐 ≤ 𝑿 < 𝟓) = 14𝑘 =
i) 𝑃(2 < 𝑋 < 6) = 𝑃(3) + 𝑃(4) + 𝑃(5) 30
(iii) 𝑷(𝑿 ≤ 𝟒) 17
iv) 𝑷(𝟑 < 𝑿) = 17𝑘 = iv) 𝑃(3 < 𝑋) = 𝑃(4) + 𝑃(5) + 𝑃(6)
30 21
= 21𝑘 =
30
(ii) 𝑃(2 ≤ 𝑋 < 5) = 𝑃(2) + 𝑃(3) + 𝑃(4)
7) A random variable X has the following
i) ∑ 𝑝𝑖 = 1 5 2 17
probability mass function = 5𝑘 2 + 2𝑘 = + =
36 6 36
𝒙 1 2 3 4 5
6𝑘 2 + 5𝑘 − 1 = 0
𝒇(𝒙) 𝒌 𝟐
2𝒌 𝟐
𝟑𝒌 𝟐 𝟐𝒌 𝟑𝒌 (iii) 𝑃(3 > 𝑋) = 𝑃(4) + 𝑃(5)
1
Find (i) value of 𝒌 (ii) 𝑷(𝟐 ≤ 𝑿 < 𝟓) 𝑘= 5
6
(iii) 𝑷(𝟑 > 𝑿) = 5𝑘 =
6

2
8) Find the probability mass function f(x) of
the discrete random variable X whose i) 𝑷(𝑿 < 𝟎) = 𝑷(−𝟐) + 𝑷(−𝟏)
cumulative distribution function F(x) is given Probability mass function
by = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 + 𝟎. 𝟑𝟓 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟎
𝟎 ; −∞ < 𝒙 < −𝟐
X -2 -1 0 1 ii) 𝑷(𝑿 ≥ −𝟏) = 𝑷(−𝟏) + 𝑷(𝟎) + 𝑷(𝟏)
𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 ; −𝟐 ≤ 𝒙 < −𝟏
𝑭(𝒙) = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟎 ; −𝟏 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟎 f(x) 0.25 0.35 0.30 0.10
𝟎. 𝟗𝟎 ; 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟓 + 𝟎. 𝟑𝟎 + 𝟎. 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓
{ 𝟏 ; 𝟏≤𝒙<∞
Then find i) P(X< 0) and ii) 𝑷(𝑿 ≥ −𝟏)
9) The cumulative distribution function of a
discrete random variable is given by i) 𝑷(𝑿 < 𝟏) = 𝑷(−𝟏) + 𝑷(𝟎)
𝟎 ; −∞ < 𝒙 < −𝟏 Probability mass function
𝟎. 𝟏𝟓 ; −𝟏 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟎 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓 + 𝟎. 𝟐𝟎 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟓
𝟎. 𝟑𝟓 ; 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟏
𝑭(𝒙) = X -1 0 1 2 3
𝟎. 𝟔𝟎 ; 𝟏 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟐 ii) 𝑷(𝑿 ≥ 𝟐) = 𝑷(𝟐) + 𝑷(𝟑)
𝟎. 𝟖𝟓 ; 𝟐 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟑 f(x) 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.15
{ 𝟏 ; 𝟑≤𝒙<∞ = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 + 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎
Find (i) the probability mass function
(ii) P(X<1) (iii) 𝑷(𝑿 ≥ 𝟐)
10) The cumulative distribution function of a
i) 𝑷(𝑿 < 𝟑) = 𝑷(𝟎) + 𝑷(𝟏) + 𝑷(𝟐)
discrete random variable is given by Probability mass function
𝟎 ; −∞ < 𝒙 < 𝟎 5 1 2 8
𝟏/𝟐 ; 𝟎 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟏 = + + =
10 10 10 10
𝟑/𝟓 ; 𝟏 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟐 X
0 1 2 3 4
𝑭(𝒙) =
𝟒/𝟓 ; 𝟐 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟑 ii) 𝑷(𝑿 ≥ 𝟐) = 𝑷(𝟐) + 𝑷(𝟑) + 𝑷(𝟒)
𝟗/𝟏𝟎 ; 𝟑 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟒 1 5 1 2 1 1
f(x) = 2 1 1 4
{ 𝟏 ; 𝟒≤𝒙<∞ 2 10 10 10 10 10 = + + =
Find (i) probability mass function 10 10 10 10
(ii) P(X<3) (iii) 𝑷(𝑿 ≥ 𝟐)

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 dV
= 30 & h = 10
11) Salt is poured from a conveyer belt at a rate of dt
30cubic meter per minute forming a conical pile with a h
radius r =
circular base whose height and diameter of base are 2
always equal. How fast is the height of the pile rate of change of height
increasing when the pile is 10meter high? dh 6
=
dt 5
dV
12) A conical water tank with vertex down of 12 = 10 & h = 8
dt
meters height has a radius of 5 meters at the top. If
5h
water flows into the tank at a rate 10 cubic m/min, radius r =
12
how fast is the depth of the water increases when the rate of change of depth of water level
water is 8 meters deep?
dh 9
=
dt 10
dV
= 1000 & r = 7
13) If we blow air into a balloon of spherical shape at dt
change in radius
a rate of 1000 𝒄𝒎𝟑 per second, at what rate the dr 250
radius of the balloon changes when the radius is 7 cm? =
dt 49
Also compute the rate at which the surface area change in surface area
changes. dS 2000
=
dt 7
14) A ladder 17 meter long is leaning against the wall. dx
=5 & x=8
The base of the ladder is pulled away from the wall at dt
a rate of 5m/s when the base of the ladder is 8 meters dy −8
from the wall. (i) How fast is the top of the ladder y = 15 , =
dt 3
moving down the wall ? (ii) At what rate, the area of
Change in area
the triangle formed by the ladder ,wall and the floor is
dA 1  dy dx 
changing. = x + y  = 26.83
dt 2  dt dt 

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 d 2 
= = &  = 45
dt 10 5
15) A beacon makes one revolution every 10 seconds. It is x
tan  =  x = 5 tan 
located on a ship which is anchored 5 km from a straight shore 5
line. How fast is the beam moving along the shore line when it
rate of change of beam
makes an angle of 𝟒𝟓° with the shore?
dx
= 2 km / sec
dt
𝒅𝒙
𝒙 = 𝟏𝟎, = 𝟖𝟎 km/hr
𝒅𝒕

16) A road running north to south crosses a road going east to 𝒅𝒚

𝒚 = 𝟏𝟓, = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 km/hr
west at the point P. Car A is driving north along the first road, 𝒅𝒕
and car B is driving east along the second road. At a particular
time car A is 10 km to the north of P and traveling at 80 km/hr, 𝒛𝟐 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 ⟹ 𝒛 = 𝟓√𝟏𝟑
while car B is 15 km to the east of P and traveling at 100km/hr.
Change is distance
How fast is the distance between the two cars changing?
𝒅𝒛
= 𝟏𝟐𝟕. 𝟔 km/hr
𝒅𝒕

𝐱 = 𝟎. 𝟔, 𝒚 = 𝟎. 𝟖
17) A police jeep, approaching an orthogonal intersection from 𝒅𝒛
the northern direction, is chasing a speeding car that has = 𝟐𝟎 km/hr
𝒅𝒕
turned and moving straight east. When the jeep is 0.6 km north
of the intersection and car is 0.8 km to the east. The police 𝒛 𝟐 = 𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 ⟹ 𝒛 = 𝟏
determine with a radar that the distance between them and
the car is increasing at 20 km/hr. If the jeep is moving at 60 Speed of the car
km/hr at the instant of measurement, what is the speed of the
𝒅𝒙
car? = 𝟕𝟎 km/hr
𝒅𝒕

5
 Slope

m=
( dy
dt ) 6 cos 2t
= =
− cos 2t Normal
18) Find the equation of the tangent and normal at any ( dx
dt ) − 6 sin 3t sin 3t
y − y1 =
−1
( x − x1 )
point to the Lissajous curve given by Tangent m
𝒙 = 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟑𝒕 and 𝒚 = 𝟑sin2t , tϵR
y − y1 = m ( x − x1 ) y − 3 sin 2t =
sin 3t
( x − 2 cos 3t )
cos 2t
− cos 2t
y − 3 sin 2t = ( x − 2 cos 3t )
sin 3t
𝟑 𝟗
Intersecting point (𝐱, 𝐲) = ( , )
𝟐 𝟒

slopes m1 = 3 ; m2 = −3

19) Find the acute angle between m1 − m 2

𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 and 𝒚 = (𝒙 − 𝟑)𝟐  = tan −1
1 + m1m2
3
= tan −1  
4

y = x2 x = y2
dy dy 1
= 2x =
dx dx 2y

20) Find the acute angel between the curves y = x 2 and 

x = y 2 at their points of intersection (0,0) and (1,1). At (0,0) ;  =
2

3
At (1,1) ;  = tan −1  
4

6
 A = xy = x ( 20 − x ) = 20x − x 2

dA d2A
= 20 − 2 x & = −2  0
21) A garden is to be laid out in a rectangular area and dx dx 2
protected by wire fence. What is the largest possible area of y
the fenced garden with 40 metres of wire. x dA
= 0  x = 10 & y = 10
dx
Largest area A = 100 m 2
A = ( x + 2 )( y + 3 )
48
22) A rectangular page is to contain 24 sq.cm of print. The A = 3x + + 30
x
margins at the top and bottom of the page are 1.5 cm and the
y dA 48 d2A 96
margins at other sides of the is 1cm. What should be the = 3− 2
& 2
= 0
dimensions of the page so that the area of the paper used is dx x dx x3
minimum. x
dA
=0 x=4 & y =6
dx
 x+2 = 6 & y+3=9
x = 20 cos  & y = 20 sin 
A = ( 2 x )( 2 y )
23) Find the dimensions of the rectangle with maximum area A = 200 sin 2
that can be inscribed in a circle of radius 10 cm.
dA 
=0 =
d 4
 L = 2 x = 10 2 & B = 2 y = 10 2
b
Area: A = ∫a y dx
24) Find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse a
𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐
+ =𝟏 = 4 ∫ y dx
𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐
0

= 𝝅𝒂𝒃
7
 b
Area : A = ∫a y dx
𝜋 2𝜋
25) Find the area of the region bounded by x-axis, the sine
curve 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 , the lines x=0 and 𝒙 = 𝟐𝝅 = ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 dx − ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 dx
0 𝜋

= 4

Intersecting points = (0,0), (4,4)

26) Find the area of the region bounded between the Area:
𝐛
parabolas 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟒𝒙 and 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟒𝒚
𝐀 = ∫[ 𝐲𝐔 − 𝐲𝐋 ] 𝐝𝐱
𝐚
𝟏𝟔
=
𝟑
Area
𝐛

𝐀 = ∫[ 𝐲𝐔 − 𝐲𝐋 ] 𝐝𝐱
27) Find the area of the region bounded by 𝐚
𝝅 𝟓𝝅 𝟓𝝅⁄
𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙, 𝒚 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 , the lines 𝒙 = 𝟒 and 𝒙 = 𝟒 𝟒

= ∫ [𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐱 − 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐱 ] 𝐝𝐱
𝝅⁄
𝟒
= 𝟐√𝟐
Intersecting point = (1,-5)
Points where the line meet

28) Find by integration the area of the region bounded by the x-axis = (3,0), (-4,0)
the lines 5 x − 2 y = 15 , x + y + 4 = 0 and the x-axis. Area
𝟏 𝟑
𝐀 = |∫−𝟒 𝒚 𝐝𝐱| + |∫𝟏 𝒚 𝐝𝐱|
𝟑𝟓
= 𝟐

8
 Eqaution of straight lines
𝒚 = 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟓
𝒚 = −𝒙 + 𝟓
29) Using integration find the area of the region 𝟏
𝒚 = 𝟒 (𝒙 + 𝟓)
bounded by triangle ABC, whose vertices A,B and C
are (-1,1), (3,2) and (0,5) respectively. Area
𝟎 𝟑 𝝅
𝟏
𝐀 = ∫(𝟒𝒙 + 𝟓) 𝐝𝐱 + ∫(−𝒙 + 𝟓) 𝐝𝐱 − ∫(𝒙 + 𝟓) 𝐝𝐱
𝟒
−𝟏 𝟎 𝟎
𝟏𝟓
= 𝟐

Equation of tangent 𝒙 + 𝒚√𝟑 = 𝟒

Equation of normal 𝒚 = √𝟑𝒙

30) Using integration, find the area of the region
which is bounded by x-axis, the tangent and normal Area
to the circle 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟒 drawn at (𝟏, √𝟑) 𝟏 𝟒

𝐀 = ∫ 𝒚 𝐝𝐱 + ∫ 𝒚 𝐝𝐱 = 𝟐√𝟑
𝟎 𝟏
y-intercepts = -1 , 2

Area

𝒅
31) Find the area of the region bounded by the
parabola 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒙 and the line 𝒚 = 𝒙 − 𝟐 𝐀 = ∫[ 𝐱 𝑹 − 𝒙𝐋 ] 𝐝𝐲
𝒄

𝟐 𝟗
= ∫−𝟏[𝐲 + 𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 ] 𝐝𝐲 = 𝟐

9
 Intersecting points = (𝟐, 𝟐√𝟑), (𝟐, −𝟐√𝟑)
Area
𝒅

32) Find the area of the region common to the 𝐀 = ∫[ 𝐱𝐑 − 𝒙𝐋 ] 𝐝𝐲

circle x 2 + y 2 = 16 and the parabola y 2 = 6 x 𝒄
𝟐√𝟑
𝒚𝟐
= ∫ [√𝟏𝟔 − 𝒚𝟐 − ] 𝐝𝐲
𝟔
−𝟐√𝟑
𝟒
= 𝟑
(𝟒𝝅 + √𝟑)
Limits: 𝒙 = −𝒂 𝒕𝒐 𝒙 = 𝒂

Circle : 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐

𝒚𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐
33) Find the volume of a sphere of radius a using Volume
integration. 𝒂 𝒂

𝑽 = 𝝅 ∫ 𝒚𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = 𝝅 ∫(𝒂𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 )𝒅𝒙
−𝒂 −𝒂
𝟒 𝟑
𝑽= 𝝅𝒂
𝟑
Limit : 𝒙 = 𝟎 𝒕𝒐 𝒙 = 𝒉
Equation of straight line
𝒓
𝒚= 𝒙
34) Find the volume of a right circular cone of 𝒉
base radius r and height h using integration. 𝒉
Volume 𝑽 = 𝝅 ∫𝟎 𝒚𝟐 𝒅𝒙
𝒉
𝒓𝟐 𝟐 𝟏
= 𝝅∫ 𝟐
𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝝅𝒓𝟐 𝒉
𝒉 𝟑
𝟎

10
 𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐
Ellipse + 𝟓𝟐 = 𝟏
𝟏𝟎𝟐

35) A watermelon has an ellipsoid shape which can be 𝟐

𝒙𝟐
𝒚 = 𝟐𝟓 (𝟏 − )
obtained by revolving an ellipse with major-axis 20 cm and 𝟏𝟎𝟎
minor-axis 10 cm about its major-axis. Find its volume using Volume
integration. 𝟏𝟎
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝑽 = 𝝅 ∫ 𝒚𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = 𝝅
𝟑
−𝟏𝟎

dA t=0 ;  C = A0
36) The rate of increase in the number of bacteria in a
= kA
certain bacteria culture is proportional to the number dt
t =5 ;  e5 k = 3
present. Given that the number triples in 5 hours, find how
many bacteria will be present after 10 hours? A = Ce kt t = 10 ;  A = 9 A0
t = 0  C = 3, 00, 000
37) Find the population of a city at any time t, given that dA
= kA 1 4
dt t = 40  k = log  
the rate of increase of population is proportional to the 40 3
population at that instant and that in a period of 40 years
t
the population increased from 3,00,000 to 4,00,000. A = Ce kt 4 40
A = 3, 00, 000  
3
38) Suppose a person deposits Rs.10,000 in a bank account dA
at the rate of 5% per annum compounded continuously. = kA t = 0 ;  C = 10, 000
dt
How much money will be in his bank account 18 months
t = 1.5;  A = 10, 000 e0.075
later? A = Ce 0.05t

39) Assume that the rate at which radioactive nuclei decay t = 0 ;  C = 100
is proportional to the number of such nucleic that are dA
present in each sample. In a certain sample 10% of the = kA 9
dt t = 100 ; e100 k =
original number of radioactive nuclei have undergone 10
disintegration in a period of 100 years. What percentage of 910
A = Ce kt
the original radioactive nuclei will remain after 1000 years? t = 1000 ;  A = %
10 8

11
 −1 4
40) A radioactive isotope has an initial mass 200mg, which t = 0  C = 200 & t = 2  k = log  
two years later is 150mg. Find the expression for the isotope 2 3
dA
remaining at any time. What is its half-life? (half- life means = kA 1
dt −t 4 2 log  
the time taken for the radioactivity of a specified isotope to
A = Ce kt A ( t ) = 200 e 2
log  
3
& t= 2
fall to half its original value) 4
log  
3
41) Water at temperature 𝟏𝟎𝟎° 𝑪 cools in 10 minutes to 𝟖𝟎° 𝑪 in a
dT t = 0  C = 75
room temperature of 𝟐𝟓° 𝑪 = k ( T − 25 )
Find (i) The temperature of water after 20 minutes dt t = 20 min  T = 65.33 C
(ii) The time when the temperature is 𝟒𝟎° C T = 25 + Ce kt T = 40 C  t = 51.89 min

42) A pot of boiling water at 100 C is removed from a stove t = 0  C = 100 − S

at time t = 0 and left to cool in the kitchen. After 5 minutes, dT 80 − S
= k (T − S )
the water temperature has decreased to 80 C , and another 5 dt t = 5  e5 k =
100 − S
minutes later it has dropped to 65 C . Determine the
T = S + Ce kt Temperature of the kitchen
temperature of the kitchen.
S = 20 C
43) In murder investigation, a corpse was found by detective
at exactly 8 p.m. Being alert, the detective also measured the dT t = 0 ;  C = 20
body temperature and found it to be 70 F . Two hours later, = k ( T − 50 )
dt 1 1
the detective measured the body temperature again and t=2k= log  
found it to be 60 F . If the room temperature is 50 F and
2 2
T = 50 + Ce kt
assuming that the body temperature of the person before Time of death is = 5:30 pm
death was 98.6 F , at what time did the murder occur?
44) A tank contains 1000 litres of water in which 100 grams of dx
= IN − OUT
salt is dissolved. Brine (Brine is a high concentration solution dt t = 0 ; C = −4900
of salt - usually sodium chloride in water) runs in a rate of 10
dx Amount of salt at time t
liters per minute, and each liter contains 5grams of dissolved = 50 − 0.01x
salt. The mixture of the tank is kept uniform by stirring. Brine dt
x = 5000 − 4900e −0.01t
runs out at 10 liters per minute. find the amount of salt at any
time t. x = 5000 + Ce −0.01t

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45) A tank initially contains 50 liters of pure water. Starting at
dx t = 0 ; C = −100
time t = 0 a brine containing with 2 grams of dissolved salt per = IN − OUT
dt
liter flows into the tank at the rate of 3 liters per minute. The Amount of salt at time t
dx 3
mixture is kept uniform by stirring and the well-stirred = 6− x 3t
mixture simultaneously flows out of the tank at the same rate. dt 50 −
Find the amount of salt present in the tank at any time t > 0.
−3 t x = 100 − 100 e 50
x = 100 + Ce 50

By Euler’s theorem
𝝏𝒇 𝝏𝒇
𝒙 +𝒚 =𝒏𝒇
𝒙+𝒚 𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚
𝒙+𝒚
𝒇(𝒙, 𝒚) = = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒖
46) If 𝒖 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏−𝟏 [ ] , then Prove that √𝒙 + √𝒚 𝜕(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑢) 𝜕(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑢) 1
√𝒙+√ 𝒚 𝑥 +𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑢
f is a homogeneous with 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 2
𝝏𝒖 𝝏𝒖 𝟏
𝒙 𝝏𝒙 + 𝒚 𝝏𝒚 = 𝟐 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒖 using Euler theorem. 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 1
𝟏
degree 𝒏 = 𝟐 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢 + 𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑢
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥 2
𝝏𝒖 𝝏𝒖 𝟏
𝒙 +𝒚 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒖
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚 𝟐
By Euler’s theorem
𝒙𝟐 +𝒚𝟐
𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐
47) If 𝒖(𝒙, 𝒚) = then show that 𝒖(𝒙, 𝒚) =
√𝒙+𝒚 √𝒙 + 𝒚 𝝏𝒇 𝝏𝒇
𝒙 +𝒚 =𝒏𝒇
𝝏𝒖 𝝏𝒖 𝟑 f is a homogeneous with 𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚
+ 𝒚 𝝏𝒚 = 𝟐 𝒖 using Eulers theorem. 𝝏𝒖 𝝏𝒖 𝟑
𝝏𝒙 𝟑
degree 𝒏 = 𝟐 𝒙 +𝒚 = 𝒖
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚 𝟐
By Euler’s theorem
48) If
𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 𝝏𝒇 𝝏𝒇
𝒇(𝒙, 𝒚) = = 𝒆𝒗 𝒙 +𝒚 =𝒏𝒇
𝒙𝟐 +𝒚𝟐 𝒙+𝒚 𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚
𝒗(𝒙, 𝒚) = 𝒍𝒐𝒈 [ ] , 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒔𝒉𝒐𝒘 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝜕(𝑒 𝑣 ) 𝜕(𝑒 𝑣 )
𝒙+𝒚
𝑥 +𝑦 = 1 × 𝑒𝑣
𝝏𝒗 𝝏𝒗 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝒙 +𝒚 = 𝟏 using Euler’s theorem. f is a homogeneous with degree 𝒏 = 𝟏 𝝏𝒗 𝝏𝒗
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚
𝒙 +𝒚 =𝟏
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚

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 𝜕𝑓
49) Prove that 𝒇(𝒙, 𝒚) = 𝒙𝟑 − 𝟐𝒙𝟐 𝒚 + 𝟑𝒙𝒚𝟐 + = 3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑦 2
𝜕𝑥
𝒚𝟑 is homogeneous; what is the is the degree? 𝒇(𝝀𝒙, 𝝀𝒚) = 𝝀𝟑 𝒇(𝒙, 𝒚) 𝜕𝑓
= −2𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑦 2
Verify Eulers theorem for f. f is a homogeneous with degree 𝒏 = 𝟑 𝜕𝑦
𝝏𝒇 𝝏𝒇
𝒙 +𝒚 =𝟑𝒇
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚
Using Euler’s theorem
50) If 𝝏𝒇 𝝏𝒇 𝝏𝒇
𝟓𝐱𝟑 𝐲𝟒 + 𝟕𝐲𝟐 𝐱𝐳𝟒 − 𝟕𝟓𝐲𝟑 𝐳𝟒 𝒙 +𝒚 +𝒛 =𝒏𝒇
𝟓𝐱 𝟑 𝐲 𝟒 +𝟕𝐲 𝟐 𝐱𝐳 𝟒 −𝟕𝟓𝐲 𝟑 𝐳 𝟒 𝑓= = 𝒆𝒘 𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚 𝝏𝒛
𝐰(𝐱, 𝐲, 𝐳) = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 ( ) 𝐱𝟐 + 𝐲𝟐 𝛛(𝐞𝐰 ) 𝛛(𝐞𝐰 ) 𝛛(𝐞𝐰 )
𝐱 𝟐 +𝐲 𝟐
𝒙 +𝐲 +𝐳 = 𝟓(𝐞𝐰 )
𝝏𝒘 𝝏𝒘 𝝏𝒘 f is a homogeneous with degree 𝒏 = 𝟓 𝛛𝐱 𝛛𝐲 𝛛𝐳
then find 𝒙 +𝒚 +𝒛 𝝏𝒘 𝝏𝒘 𝝏𝒘
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚 𝝏𝒛
𝒙 +𝒚 +𝒛 =𝟓
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚 𝝏𝒛
𝒚 −𝒙
𝒇𝒙 = 𝟐 𝒇𝒚 =
51) For the function 𝒇(𝒙, 𝒚) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 (𝒚)
𝒙
𝒙 + 𝒚𝟐 𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐
𝒙 𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐
find 𝒇𝒙 , 𝒇𝒚 Also verify that 𝒇𝒙𝒚 = 𝒇𝒚𝒙 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 𝒇𝒚𝒙 = 𝟐 → (𝟐)
𝒇𝒙𝒚 = → (𝟏) (𝒙 + 𝒚𝟐 )𝟐
(𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 )𝟐
𝒇𝒙𝒚 = 𝒇𝒚𝒙
By Euler’s theorem
𝒙𝟑 −𝒚𝟑
52) If 𝒖 = 𝒔𝒆𝒄−𝟏 ( ) then Show that 𝒙 𝟑 − 𝒚𝟑 𝝏𝒇 𝝏𝒇
𝒙+𝒚 𝒇(𝒙, 𝒚) = = 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒖 𝒙 +𝒚 =𝒏𝒇
𝒙+𝒚 𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚
𝝏𝒖 𝝏𝒖
𝒙 +𝒚 = 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒖 using Euler’s 𝜕(𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑢) 𝜕(𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑢)
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚 𝑥 +𝑦 = 2𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑢
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
theorem. f is a homogeneous with degree 𝒏 = 𝟐 𝝏𝒖 𝝏𝒖 𝟐
𝒙 +𝒚 = = 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒖
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒖

By Mr.A.Irudayaraj , PG Asst., Don Bosco Hr Sec School, Vellore-6 (94436 87520)

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