7QC Tools Training

Table of Contents
 WHAT ARE 7 QC TOOLS?

o 7 QC Tools List | Quality Tools
 7 Tools of quality | Brief Explanation
o Check Sheet
o Fishbone Diagram
o Histogram
o Pareto Chart
o Control Chart
o Scatter Diagram
o Stratification Diagram
 WHY DO WE NEED 7 QC TOOLS?
 7QC Tools benefits
 7 QC TOOLS NEW
WHAT ARE 7 QC TOOLS?

The 7 quality tools are simple graphical and statistical tools but very powerful in
solving quality problems and process improvement.
These statistical tools are very easy to understand and can be implemented without
any complex analytical competence or skills.
The 7tools of quality are generally used by quality control and quality
assurance engineers to solve product or process related quality issues on a
daily/weekly/monthly basis and to reduce/eliminate non-value-added activities like
product rework, repair, and rejection.
7 QC Tools List | Quality Tools
The list of 7 QC tools are:
1. Check Sheet
2. Fishbone Diagram
3. Histogram
4. Pareto Chart
5. Control Chart
6. Scatter Diagram
7. Stratification Diagram
Click on the above links to Explore QC tools.
7 Tools of quality | Brief Explanation
Check Sheet
The check sheet is used for collecting, recording, and analyzing the data. Data
collection is an important activity in the problem-solving process as it provides a basis
for further action. Data may be numerical, observations and opinions, etc.
Fishbone Diagram
Fishbone diagram is also called as Cause and Effect
diagram and Ishikawa diagram. It helps to Identify all possible potential
causes and select the real/best potential cause which contributes to the problem/effect.
The brainstorming technique is used for potential cause identification.
In a brainstorming session, all 4M or 6M factors are taken into consideration to

identify the potential causes. 4M or 6M factors are – Man, Machine, Method,
Material, Measurement, and Mother nature also called Environment.
Histogram
A Histogram is a pictorial representation of a set of data, and the most commonly

used bar graph for showing frequency distributions of data/values.
Pareto Chart
The Pareto chart helps to Narrow the problem area or prioritize the significant
problems for corrective measures. Pareto principle based on the 80-20 rule. It
means that 80 percent of the problems/failures are caused by 20 percent of the few
major causes/factors which are often referred to as Vital Few.
And the remaining 20 percent of the problems are caused by 80 percent of many
minor causes which are referred to as Trivial Many. Hence, it gives us information
about Vital few from Trivial many.
Control Chart
A control chart is also known as the SPC chart or Shewhart chart. It is a graphical
representation of the collected information/data and it helps to monitor the process
centering or process behavior against the specified/set control limits.
A control chart is a very powerful tool to Investigate/disclose the source of Process

Variations present in the manufacturing processes. Tells when to take necessary
action to eliminate the Common or Random or Chance variations and Special
cause of variations.
The control chart helps to measure and analyze the process capability and
performance (Cp and Cpk and Pp and Ppk) of the production process.
Scatter Diagram
Scatter diagram is also known as Correlation Chart, Scatter Plot, and Scatter Graph.
A Scatter graph is used to find out the relationship between two variables. In other
words, it shows the relationship between two sets of numerical data. Scatter graph
shows Positive or Negative correlation between two variables.
Independent variable data and dependent Variable data are customarily plotted
along the horizontal X-axis and Vertical Y-axis respectively. Independent variable is
also called controlled parameters.
Stratification Diagram
A technique used to analyze and divide a universe of data into homogeneous groups
called -Strata. Stratification tools are used when the data come from different
sources or conditions, such as data collected from different shifts, machines, people,
days, suppliers and population groups, etc.
Some lists replace stratification with Flowchart.
WHY DO WE NEED 7 QC TOOLS?

We need Quality Tools for :
 Problem Solving – making decisions & judgments.
 For Process Measurement.
 For continual improvement in products, processes, and
services.
 To improve Quality, Productivity, and Customer Satisfaction.
Kaoru Ishikawa
“95% of the problem is solved when clearly defined”
“95% of quality related problems in the organization can be solved by using seven
fundamental quantitative tools.”
7QC Tools benefits

The major benefits of QC tools are:
 To analyze and solve quality problems effectively.

 Improve product and process quality.
 Enhance customer satisfaction.
 Reduce cost due to poor quality.
 Helps in investigating the potential causes and real root cause
of the problem for taking effective countermeasures.
 Check sheet helps in data collection and recording for quality
problem analysis.
 Identify and reduce the process variation using the SPC quality
tool.
 Pareto QC tool helps to narrow down the quality problem
using the 80/20 rule.
 Helps in identifying the various sources of variations present in
the process.
 Improve the employee’s analytical and problem-solving skills.
7 QC TOOLS NEW
The new seven QC Tools are used for planning, goal setting, and problem-
solving. These are explained below :
Affinity Diagram – KJ Method. This tool is used for Pinpointing the Problem in
a Chaotic Situation and generating solution strategies.
Gathers large amounts of verbal data such as ideas, opinions, issues, and organizes
the data into groups based on natural relationships.
Tree Diagram – Also known as Systematic diagram or Dendrograms, Hierarchy

diagram, Organisation chart, and Analytical Tree.
This diagram is used for systematically pursuing the best strategies for achieving an
objective.
The advantages of the tree diagram are that it facilitates agreement among the team
and is extremely convincing with strategies.
Relation Diagram – It is used for cause identification. For finding solutions

strategies by clarifying relationships with Complex Interrelated Causes.
Allows for “Multi-directional” thinking rather than linear. Also known
as Interrelationship
diagrams.
Process Decisions Program Charts (PDPC) – Also called as Decision
Process Chart. It is used for producing the desired result from many possible
outcomes.
The chart is used to plan various contingencies.
PDPC enables problems to pinpoint.
Matrix Diagram – used for Clarifying Problems. It clarifies relationships among

different elements.
Matrix Data Analysis – Matrix + Num. Analysis.
This can be used when the Matrix diagram does not give sufficient information.
This is used in various fields like process analysis, new product planning and market
surveys etc.
Arrow Diagram – Gantt Chart + PERT/CPM Chart.

Arrow diagram is employed for understanding Optimal Schedules and controlling
them effectively.
This shows relationships among tasks needed to implement a plan.

This diagram is extensively used in PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique)
and CPM (Critical Path Method).

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Table of Contents

 WHAT ARE 7 QC TOOLS?

WHAT ARE 7 QC TOOLS?

In a brainstorming session, all 4M or 6M factors are taken into consideration to

A Histogram is a pictorial representation of a set of data, and the most commonly

A control chart is a very powerful tool to Investigate/disclose the source of Process

WHY DO WE NEED 7 QC TOOLS?

“95% of the problem is solved when clearly defined”

7QC Tools benefits

 To analyze and solve quality problems effectively.

Tree Diagram – Also known as Systematic diagram or Dendrograms, Hierarchy

Relation Diagram – It is used for cause identification. For finding solutions

PDPC enables problems to pinpoint.

Matrix Diagram – used for Clarifying Problems. It clarifies relationships among

Arrow Diagram – Gantt Chart + PERT/CPM Chart.

This shows relationships among tasks needed to implement a plan.

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