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    General Physics Week 4 5 Q1

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    Park RiRin
    1) Dynamics is the study of forces and their effects on motion. A force is a push or pull that can cause an object to speed up, slow down, or change direction. 2) Newton's laws of motion describe the relationship between an object and the forces acting upon it. Newton's first law states that objects at rest stay at rest and objects in motion stay in motion with constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force. 3) Newton's second law states that the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

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    General Physics Week 4 5 Q1

    Uploaded by

    Park RiRin
    16 views47 pages
    1) Dynamics is the study of forces and their effects on motion. A force is a push or pull that can cause an object to speed up, slow down, or change direction. 2) Newton's laws of motion describe the relationship between an object and the forces acting upon it. Newton's first law states that objects at rest stay at rest and objects in motion stay in motion with constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force. 3) Newton's second law states that the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

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    General-Physics-Week-4-5-Q1

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    1) Dynamics is the study of forces and their effects on motion. A force is a push or pull that can cause an object to speed up, slow down, or change direction. 2) Newton's laws of motion describe the relationship between an object and the forces acting upon it. Newton's first law states that objects at rest stay at rest and objects in motion stay in motion with constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force. 3) Newton's second law states that the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views47 pages

    General Physics Week 4 5 Q1

    Uploaded by

    Park RiRin
    1) Dynamics is the study of forces and their effects on motion. A force is a push or pull that can cause an object to speed up, slow down, or change direction. 2) Newton's laws of motion describe the relationship between an object and the forces acting upon it. Newton's first law states that objects at rest stay at rest and objects in motion stay in motion with constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force. 3) Newton's second law states that the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 47

    PSHS

    General
    PHYSICS I
    WEEK 4 -
    TODAY'S TOPICS

    • Kind of Forces
    • Free Body Diagram
    • Newton’s Law of Motion
    Kinematics vs Dynamics
    Dynamics
    is the branch of classical mechanics that is concerned
    with the study of forces and their effects on motion.
    What is Force?
    • A force is a push or a pull
    • It is an interaction between two bodies or between a body
    and its environment
    • A force is a vector quantity
    • A force is either a contact of non-contact force
    !
    • SI unit of force is 1 Newton (N) which is equal to 1 𝑘𝑔 % !
    "
    Kind of Forces
    Weight

    Is the force exerted on a


    mass by gravity.

    The symbol for weight is w.

    𝑤 = 𝑚𝑔
    Gravity on Different Planets
    PLANET Gravity
    Mercury 3.59 !⁄"!
    Venus 8.87 !⁄"!
    Mars 3.77 !⁄"!
    Jupiter 25.95 !⁄"!
    Saturn 11.08 !⁄"!
    Uranus 10.67 !⁄"!
    Neptune 14.07 !⁄"!
    Moon 1.62 !⁄"!
    Tension Force
    When a string or a rope
    pulls on an object, it exerts
    a contact force on it.

    This is called the tension


    force, represented by a T.
    Spring Force
    these are forces exerted by springs. A spring can either push
    (when compressed) or pull (when stretched). "Hooke's Law“
    state that the magnitude of the force is directly proportional
    to the amount of stretch or compression of the spring

    𝐹!"#$%& = −𝑘 𝑥 − 𝑥'
    Where,
    k – spring constant
    𝑥! – equilibrium position
    𝑥 − the displacement of the spring from its position at equilibrium
    Sample Problem
    What is the magnitude of the force required to
    stretch a 20 cm-long spring, with a spring constant of
    90 N/m, to a length of 23 cm.
    Normal Force
    the force exerted
    perpendicularly by a
    surface against an
    object pressing on
    that surface is called
    as the normal force.
    Friction Force
    is the force exerted by a surface as an object
    moves across it or makes an effort to move
    across it. There are at least two types of
    friction force – kinetic and static friction.
    • Friction always acts parallel to two planes in
    contact with each other and in the direction
    opposite the motion

    • Friction always decreases the relative motion


    between the bodies and the surface

    • Friction is greater in rough surfaces than in


    smooth surfaces
    Kinetic Friction
    is the force causes an object slides across a
    surface. This is the kind of force which
    ‘opposes the motion’ of the body, meaning
    that the friction force vector 𝑓! points in a
    direction opposite to the motion..
    Kinetic Friction
    Static Friction

    is the force that keeps an object ‘stuck’


    on a surface which also prevents its
    motion. Static friction points opposite
    the direction in which the body would
    move if friction is not present
    Static Friction
    Free Body Diagram
    Free Body Diagram
    is a graphical illustration used to visualize
    the applied forces, moments, and resulting
    reactions on a body in a given condition.
    A Free-Body Diagram represents the body as a particle which shows all the
    forces interacting on it. The length of the line of an arrow represents the
    magnitude of the force while its tip represents the force’s direction.

    Drawing Free Body Diagram

    1. Identify all the forces acting on the object.


    2. Draw a coordinate system in accordance to the orientation of the
    body. If the body is tilted, the orientation of the coordinate system
    has to be tilted as well.
    3. Represent the object as a dot at the origin of the coordinate axes.
    A ball is at rest on a tabletop. A free-body diagram of the ball for this situation looks
    like this:
    A gymnast holding onto a bar, is suspended motionless in mid-air. The bar is
    supported by two ropes that attach to the ceiling.
    Draw a Free-Body Diagram of the following scenarios.
    Draw a Free-Body Diagram of the following scenarios.
    Draw a Free-Body Diagram of the following scenarios.
    Draw a Free-Body Diagram of the following scenarios.
    Newton’s Law of Motion
    Newton’s First Law of Motion

    states that every object will remain at rest or in


    uniform motion in a straight line unless
    compelled to change its state by the action of
    an external force.
    An object on which net force is zero is said to be in
    mechanical equilibrium. According to Newton’s First
    Law, there are two types of mechanical equilibrium:

    • Static equilibrium - takes place when the object is at rest.

    • Dynamic equilibrium - takes place when the object is


    moving in a straight path with constant velocity
    Inertia
    is the tendency of a body to resist sudden
    change in motion. All objects have the ability
    to resist changes in their motion. Its
    capability to either continue to move or stay
    at rest depends on this property.
    ALWAYS WEAR YOUR SEATBELT!
    Newton’s Second Law of Motion

    In an inertial frame of reference, the vector sum of the


    forces F on an object is equal to the mass m of that
    object multiplied by the acceleration a of the object

    𝐹'() = 𝑚𝑎
    Sample Problem

    How much force is needed


    to accelerate a 75 kg fish
    ball cart at 2 m/sec2?
    Sample Problem

    A man is pushing a table with an


    net external force of 40N towards
    right. The mass of the table is 20 kg.
    What is the acceleration?

    Neglect friction.
    Sample Problem

    A man is pushing a table with an


    force of 40N towards right. The
    mass of the table is 20 kg. What is
    the acceleration? Consider the
    floor have a friction of 2N.
    Sample Problem
    An iceboat is at rest on a constant horizontal surface. Due to the blowing wind, 4.0 s
    after the iceboat is released, it is moving constantly to the right at 6.0 m/s What
    horizontal force 𝐹" does the wind exert on the iceboat? The combined mass of iceboat
    and rider is 200 kg and a friction of 100N.
    Sample Problem

    A box with a mass of 25kg is


    attached to a 10kg box as shown.
    What is the acceleration of the
    system and the magnitude of the
    tension force?
    Inertial Frame of Reference

    is a coordinate system in which Newton’s Laws of Motion


    are valid. The first law provides a convenient way to see if
    a coordinate system is a frame of reference
    Inertial Frame of Reference

    (a) Cruising at constant speed (b) Accelerating during takeoff


    Newton’s Third Law of Motion
    states that for every action (force) in nature
    there is an equal and opposite reaction.
    Action-Reaction Pair
    Action-reaction pairs are
    forces of equal magnitude and
    opposite direction that act on
    different object.

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