Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 33 views

    Norton

    Uploaded by

    shashilal1969
    1. The objective was to verify Norton's theorem and calculate the Norton current, IN, and Norton resistance, RN. 2. The theory states that a linear passive electrical circuit can be replaced by an equivalent Norton circuit with an equivalent current source, IN, in parallel with an equivalent resistance, RN. 3. Measurements of short circuit current, load current, and voltage were taken and RN and IN were calculated and found to match the actual load current, verifying Norton's theorem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Norton

    Uploaded by

    shashilal1969
    33 views5 pages
    1. The objective was to verify Norton's theorem and calculate the Norton current, IN, and Norton resistance, RN. 2. The theory states that a linear passive electrical circuit can be replaced by an equivalent Norton circuit with an equivalent current source, IN, in parallel with an equivalent resistance, RN. 3. Measurements of short circuit current, load current, and voltage were taken and RN and IN were calculated and found to match the actual load current, verifying Norton's theorem.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1. The objective was to verify Norton's theorem and calculate the Norton current, IN, and Norton resistance, RN. 2. The theory states that a linear passive electrical circuit can be replaced by an equivalent Norton circuit with an equivalent current source, IN, in parallel with an equivalent resistance, RN. 3. Measurements of short circuit current, load current, and voltage were taken and RN and IN were calculated and found to match the actual load current, verifying Norton's theorem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    33 views5 pages

    Norton

    Uploaded by

    shashilal1969
    1. The objective was to verify Norton's theorem and calculate the Norton current, IN, and Norton resistance, RN. 2. The theory states that a linear passive electrical circuit can be replaced by an equivalent Norton circuit with an equivalent current source, IN, in parallel with an equivalent resistance, RN. 3. Measurements of short circuit current, load current, and voltage were taken and RN and IN were calculated and found to match the actual load current, verifying Norton's theorem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 5

    DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECIRONICS ENGINEERING

    nN\EWDELHI

    Experiment No: 4
    VERIFICATION OF NORTON'S THEOREM

    Apparatusrequired 3.4 Connection diagrarn 3.5 Procedure 3.6 Observation


    Objective3.2 Theory 3.3
    1
    Result.3.3 Precautions 3.99Pre-Requisite 3.10 Post- Requisite.
    be3.7

    i1OBJECTIVE:
    & calculate Norton current, Iy and Norton resistance, RN.
    verifythe Norton's theorem
    [o
    12THEORY:
    electrical circuit can be replaced by Norton's equivalent circuit, by
    replacing an
    linear passive,

    quivalent current
    source, Iy in parallel with an equivalent resistance RN.
    obtained at terminalsA-B of the network withterminals A
    Where I= Isc is the Norton current
    B short circuited.

    equivalent resistance obtained at terminals A-B of the network with all its
    RN =Norton
    sources replaced by their internal resistance (i.e voltage will short circuit and
    independent
    current will open circuit). resistances.
    applied to reactive impedances as well as
    For AC systems, the theorem can be

    33 APPARATUS REQUIRED:
    Range/ Type Quantity
    | Sr. No. Name of the Equipment
    12Volts 01
    01 DCPower Supply
    01
    02 Bread Board /Norton's Kit
    0-20Volts 02
    03 Voltmeter (MC) /DMM
    0-20 mA, 01
    04 Ammeter (MC) /DMM
    2.2KQ & 1KQ 03 Each
    |05 Resistor
    1KQ 01
    06 Rheostat
    1Amp, 01
    07 Key Asreqired
    Connecting Leads / Wire SWG
    08

    3.4CONNECTION DIAGRAM:
    Page I of S
    EXP No (4) (ETEE- 56)
    ADGITM,NEWDELHI DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

    kEY
    RI

    [o-2maj

    Ru~22 k
    DC
    Vo/tnge Eo-2ov] Lo-2o]
    Source

    NORTONs THEOREM
    Fig-1 CONNECTION DIAGRAM FOR VERIFICATION OF
    Two port net work To measure Norton's Current

    mA
    2.2K 2.2K
    2.2K 2.2K
    S2.2K 2,2K
    w B
    OB

    Fig [a] Fig [b]


    To measure Norton's Resistance Norton's equivalent cirCuit

    2.2K 1K mA

    S2.2K 2.2K RN I RN
    OB

    Fig [d]
    Fig [c]
    3.5 PROCEDURE:
    Equipments & material required for the
    (Draw labeled circuit diagram on paper and Arrange all the
    practical.)
    diagram.
    STEP 1. Make the connection as shown in the connection
    STEP 2. Measure the values of Norton's resistance, RN at A-B after
    replace the voltage source by
    Ohmmeter/DMM.
    Short circuit and load resistance, RL, With the help of
    source voltage at its lowest value. Connect
    DIEP 3. Keep the pot at maximum value to keep the
    the Amneter & Voltmeter correctly as of their polarities.
    Vsc with the help of pot.
    DIEP4. Switch on the supply, set the certain value of source voltage, Page 2 of5
    EXP No (4) (ETEE- 56)
    DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
    ALXGIT, NEWDELHI

    Recordthe readings of source


    voltage, Vsc and load current, I'
    STEP5. the reading of short circuit current, I_c. This is the short circuit
    and take the
    Openthe Switch
    STEP 6.
    +between terminals A-B and gives the Norton's equivalent current IN.
    current
    For another set
    of readings, put another value of source voltage, Vso with the help of pot,
    STEP 7.
    5-6.
    repeatthe steps
    STEPS. Switch offFthe supply,
    Make the connections for Norton's equivalent
    circuit, using RN, Ry, and IE.
    STEP9.
    the value of load current IL.
    STEP 10. Adjust
    the value ofIE. with the help of pot. And record
    Repeat the above for all values ofIN, recorded earlier.
    STEP 11.
    Switch off the supply, disconnect the circuit safely.
    STEP 12.

    the lab Faculty/Technician before switch on the supply.)


    (Get the connections checked by

    3.6 OBSERVATION TABLE:

    01
    3.2m
    02 |43 l:39 24fo
    03 P.9232.389
    04

    3.7 C
    ADGITM,NEWDELHI
    DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECTRONICS
    ENGINEERING
    Error Mean error

    I, -
    x100

    3.8 RESULT:

    Erom the table above, It is observed that the actual value of load current, I, is equal with the calculated
    value of the load current IL, Hence, Norton's theorem is verified with some permissible error.
    3.9 PRECAUTIONS:
    > Before connecting the DC supply, the zero readings of ammeter and voltmeter should be checked
    > Check all the resistances and connecting wires are properly connected on the bread board.
    >Terminals of voltage source of the kit should not be short circuited, only circuit on the bread
    board, should be short circuited.
    > Current in the ammeter is in mille amperes not in amperes.
    > Connections should be tight and correct.
    > Terminals of rheostat should be connected properly.

    3.10 PRE REQUISITE:


    Q1. To what type of network Norton's theorem applicable?
    Q2. How is RN connected to IN?
    Q3. What is unilateral circuit?
    Q4. What is the limitation of Ohm's law?
    Q5. What is the need of using theorems?

    3.11 POST REQUISITE:


    BXP No (4) (ETBE- 56) Page4 ofs
    ADGITM,NEWDELHI
    DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL& ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

    Whatis placed in place of voltage sources while calculating the RN?


    Q1. unilateral circuit?
    Give an example of
    Q2. network?
    Give one example of the bilateral
    Q3. What is the reason that ground pin are made of greater diameter in the plugs?
    Q4.
    Where is the voltagedivider rule applicable?
    Q5.
    Where is the current divider rule applicable?
    Q6.

    EXP No (4) Page 5 of5


    (ETEE-56)

    You might also like