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    Electromagnetic Spectrum GCL

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    succulentcactiroots
    This document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum. It begins with a brief history of the discovery of electromagnetic waves, including contributions from Oersted, Ampere, Faraday, Henry, and Maxwell. It then defines electromagnetic waves and describes the electromagnetic spectrum. Key points about each type of electromagnetic radiation - radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays - are provided, including common uses and properties. The document compares the relative wavelengths and frequencies across the spectrum.

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    Electromagnetic Spectrum GCL

    Uploaded by

    succulentcactiroots
    18 views64 pages
    This document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum. It begins with a brief history of the discovery of electromagnetic waves, including contributions from Oersted, Ampere, Faraday, Henry, and Maxwell. It then defines electromagnetic waves and describes the electromagnetic spectrum. Key points about each type of electromagnetic radiation - radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays - are provided, including common uses and properties. The document compares the relative wavelengths and frequencies across the spectrum.

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    Electromagnetic Spectrum Gcl

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    This document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum. It begins with a brief history of the discovery of electromagnetic waves, including contributions from Oersted, Ampere, Faraday, Henry, and Maxwell. It then defines electromagnetic waves and describes the electromagnetic spectrum. Key points about each type of electromagnetic radiation - radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays - are provided, including common uses and properties. The document compares the relative wavelengths and frequencies across the spectrum.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    18 views64 pages

    Electromagnetic Spectrum GCL

    Uploaded by

    succulentcactiroots
    This document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum. It begins with a brief history of the discovery of electromagnetic waves, including contributions from Oersted, Ampere, Faraday, Henry, and Maxwell. It then defines electromagnetic waves and describes the electromagnetic spectrum. Key points about each type of electromagnetic radiation - radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays - are provided, including common uses and properties. The document compares the relative wavelengths and frequencies across the spectrum.

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    GLENDA C.

    LOYOLA
    REVIEW OF PAST LESSON

    Direction: Write A if you agree


    with the statement and D if
    you disagree
    1. Light cannot travel through empty
    space.
    2. The human eye can detect waves in
    most of the electromagnetic waves.
    3. Refraction occurs when waves
    change speed going from one
    material to another
    4. Transverse wave cause particles in a
    material to move back and fort
    along the same direction the waves
    travel.
    5. Sound waves are compressional
    waves
    MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
    COMPETENCY

    Compare the relative


    wavelengths of different
    forms of electromagnetic
    waves.
    ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES &
    THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

    Glenda C. Loyola
    BRIEF HISTORY OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE
    1. Danish physicist Hans Christian Oersted
    discovered accidentally, in 1820 that magnetic
    needle is deflected when the current in a nearby
    wire varies---a phenomenon establishing a
    relationship between electricity and magnetism.
    2. Andre-Marie Ampere influenced by Oersted
    discovery, performed a series of experiments
    designed to elucidate the exact nature of the
    relationship between electric current-flow and
    magnetism, as well as the relationship
    governing the behavior of electric currents in
    various types of conductors.
    3. Michael Faraday made his first discovery of
    electromagnetism in 1821. He took the work of
    Oersted and Ampere on the magnetic properties
    of electrical currents as a starting point and in
    1831 achieved an electrical current from a
    changing magnetic field, a phenomenon known
    as electromagnetic induction.
    4. Joseph Henry, while
    working with
    electromagnets in 1829,
    made important design
    improvements by
    insulating the wire instead
    of the iron core. He was
    able to wrap many turns
    of wire around the core
    and thus greatly increase
    the power of the magnet.
    He made an
    electromagnet that could
    support 2063 pounds, a
    world record at that time.
    5. A brilliant physicist and
    mathematician, James
    Clerk Maxwell proposed
    Faraday’s electromagnetic
    induction to happen even
    in empty space. He
    formulated a mathematical
    theory known as Maxwell’s
    Electromagnetic Equation
    which states that an oscillating
    electric current should be
    capable of radiating energy in
    the form of electromagnetic
    waves.
    6. Heinrich Hertz confirmed Maxwell’s theory when
    he discovered the Hertzian waves which are
    known today as radio waves.
    ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
    •Transverse waves that can travel without
    a medium.
    •They travel as vibrations in electrical and
    magnetic fields.
    • Have some magnetic and some
    electrical properties to them.
    • Electromagnetic Spectrum—name for the
    range of electromagnetic waves when
    placed in order of increasing frequency

    RADIO INFRARED ULTRAVIOLET GAMMA


    WAVES RAYS RAYS RAYS

    MICROWAVES VISIBLE LIGHT X-RAYS


    Common Properties
    of EM Waves
    1. Electromagnetic waves travel
    VERY FAST – around 300,000
    kilometres per second (the speed
    of light).

    At this speed they can go around


    the world 8 times in one second.
    2. Exhibit reflection, refraction,
    diffraction and interference.
    3. Obey the wave relation ( v = fλ)
    Notice the wavelength is
    long (Radio waves) and gets shorter
    (Gamma Rays)
    RADIO WAVES
    •Have the longest
    wavelengths
    and lowest
    frequencies of
    all the
    electromagnetic
    waves.
    Walkie-Talkie AM and FM Radio

    Remote Controlled Toys


    Submarines The communication systems
    used by the submarines make
    use of the radio waves for the
    easy exchange of information.
    This is because these radiations
    do not get absorbed by the
    seawater very easily..

    Radio Telemetry

    Radio telemetry is used to locate


    the exact position of an animal and
    to track its movement. This is done
    by attaching a radio transmitter to
    the body of the animal. The
    transmitter constantly radiates radio
    waves in the environment. The
    radiations emitted by the
    transmitter are then collected by
    the receiver, and the result gets
    displayed on the screen.
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging or MRI uses magnets and radio waves to
    produce images on a computer. It do not use ionizing radiation.
    MICROWAVES

    • Have the
    shortest
    wavelengths
    and the highest
    frequency of
    the radio
    waves.
    RADAR

    Cellular phone

    Military
    THOR, the anti-
    drone
    microwave
    weapon
    Wi-Fi
    Satellite
    System
    Used in
    microwave
    ovens.
    • Waves transfer
    energy to the
    water in the food
    causing them to
    vibrate which in
    turn transfers
    energy in the
    form of heat to
    the food.
    RADAR (Radio
    Detection and
    Ranging)
    • Used to find
    the speed of
    an object by
    sending out
    radio waves
    and
    measuring
    the time it
    takes them to
    return.
    INFRARED RAYS

    • Infrared
    • Shorter
    wavelength
    and higher
    frequency
    than
    microwaves.
    Warm objects give off more heat
    energy than cool objects.

    Example:
    FLIR, Thermal Imaging Camera
    Thermogram—a picture that shows regions of different
    temperatures in the body. Temperatures are calculated by
    the amount of infrared radiation given off.
    •Heat lamps give off
    •Therefore, people give infrared waves.
    off infrared rays.
    VISIBLE LIGHT
    • Shorter wavelength and
    higher frequency than
    infrared rays.
    • Electromagnetic waves
    we can see.
    • Longest wavelength=
    red light
    • Shortest wavelength=
    violet (purple) light
    Visible light falls in between the ultraviolet and the infrared
    regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
    Examples of Visible Light
    a. Sunlight
    b. The light emitted by some lasers
    Incandescent light bulbs, torchlight,
    flashlight, headlamps, fluorescent
    and neon lights
    c. The red, amber, and green traffic
    lights

    Note: Visible light usually is not dangerous or harmful.


    However, if the light is intense, then it can damage the
    receptor cells in the eye, causing temporary or
    permanent blindness.
    Photosynthesis
    Industry
    LASERS

    Military/Weapon

    Dermatology

    Dentistry

    To level ground, for


    surveying, and
    Entertainment construction
    ULTRAVIOLET RAYS
    •Shorter
    wavelength
    and higher
    frequency than
    visible light
    • Carry more
    energy than
    visible light
    • Used to kill
    bacteria.
    (Sterilization
    of
    equipment)
    For skin tanning
    UV lamps are the core technology in tanning salons, offering clientele a
    way to enjoy a sun-kissed look from man-made technology.
    Phototherapy
    •Causes your
    skin to
    produce
    vitamin D
    (good for
    teeth and
    bones)
    • Too much can cause skin
    cancer.
    • Use sun block to protect against
    (UV rays)
    X- RAYS
    • Shorter wavelength
    and higher frequency
    than UV-rays
    • Carry a great amount
    of energy
    • Can penetrate most
    matter.
    Bones and teeth absorb x-rays. (The
    light part of an x-ray image indicates a
    place where the x-ray was absorbed)
    Using digital radiography (X-ray) for pipe inspection
    •Used by
    engineers to
    check for tiny
    cracks in
    structures.
    •The rays pass
    through the
    cracks and the
    cracks appear
    dark on film.
    Computed Tomography or CT Scan
    MRI scans are generally considered
    as providing more accurate
    imagery and are therefore used for
    diagnosing conditions associated
    with your bones, organs or joints. CT
    scans are often used to identify any
    bone fractures, tumors, or internal
    bleeding. Reasons for getting an
    MRI scan could include torn
    ligaments
    Too much exposure to x-ray
    radiation can cause cancer
    (using lead vest protects
    organs from unnecessary
    exposure)
    GAMMA RAYS

    • Shorter wavelength
    and higher
    frequency than X-
    rays
    • Carry the greatest
    amount of energy
    and penetrate the
    most.
    Gamma rays are used in the medical field for the purpose
    of sterilization of surgical instruments. The irradiation of the
    surgical equipment with high energy gamma radiations
    cause the bacterial DNA to break down, thereby
    preventing the microorganisms to undergo any further
    division and reproduction.
    •Used in radiation treatment to
    kill cancer cells.
    •Can be very harmful if not
    used correctly.
    Gamma rays alter properties of precious stones
    and gems to enhance their optical properties.
    One of the prominent use of gamma rays in real life lies in the field of
    astronomy. Gamma-ray bursts are one of the major sources of gamma rays.
    According to theories, the gamma-ray bursts originate due to the collision of
    dense cosmic objects such as neutron stars. Hence, gamma rays help
    astronomers study the phenomena like stars exploding, celestial collisions,
    matter falling in blackholes, etc., and to get a better understanding of the
    universe.
    EXPLODING
    NUCLEAR
    WEAPONS
    EMIT GAMMA
    RAYS.
    •Brief SUMMARY
    • A. All electromagnetic waves travel
    at the same speed. (300,000,000
    meters/second) in a vacuum.
    • B. They all have different wavelengths
    and different frequencies.
    • Long wavelength-→lowest
    frequency
    • Short wavelength→ highest
    frequency
    • The higher the frequency the higher
    the energy.
    ASSESSMENT
    1. He contributed to developing equations
    that showed the relationship of electricity
    and magnetism.
    2. He showed experimental evidence of
    electromagnetic waves and their link to
    light.
    3. Demonstrated the magnetic field based
    on the direction of current.
    4. Formulated the principle behind
    electromagnetic induction.
    5. Showed how a current carrying wire
    behave like a magnet.
    1. Which property of transverse wave is the distance from one crest to
    the next?
    2. Which type of EM waves enables your body to produce vitamin D?
    3. The color of visible light waves depends on which wave properties?
    4. Which color of the visible spectrum has the highest frequency?
    5. In a microwave oven, what vibrates inside the food to make friction?
    6. Which of the ff considered as the application of infrared waves?
    a. camera autofocusing c. radio broadcasting
    b. b. diagnosis of bone fracture d. sterilization of medical equipment’s
    7. Which of the ff is NOT true about electromagnetic waves?
    a. They can travel through matter
    b. They move by transferring matter
    c. They are produced by vibrating charges
    d. They can travel empty space
    8. How does the frequency of gamma ray change as its wavelength
    decreases?
    a. Increases b. decreases c. doesn’t change d. zero

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