1. The nasal cavities contain 4 meatuses - the maxillary sinus opens into the middle meatus at the level of the hiatus semilunaris.
2. The osteomeatal complex connects the nasal cavity to the maxillary sinus.
3. Nasal polyps are commonly recurrent after intranasal treatment of ethmoidal polyps but extranasal treatment can help reduce recurrence.
1. The nasal cavities contain 4 meatuses - the maxillary sinus opens into the middle meatus at the level of the hiatus semilunaris.
2. The osteomeatal complex connects the nasal cavity to the maxillary sinus.
3. Nasal polyps are commonly recurrent after intranasal treatment of ethmoidal polyps but extranasal treatment can help reduce recurrence.
1. The nasal cavities contain 4 meatuses - the maxillary sinus opens into the middle meatus at the level of the hiatus semilunaris.
2. The osteomeatal complex connects the nasal cavity to the maxillary sinus.
3. Nasal polyps are commonly recurrent after intranasal treatment of ethmoidal polyps but extranasal treatment can help reduce recurrence.
1. The nasal cavities contain 4 meatuses - the maxillary sinus opens into the middle meatus at the level of the hiatus semilunaris.
2. The osteomeatal complex connects the nasal cavity to the maxillary sinus.
3. Nasal polyps are commonly recurrent after intranasal treatment of ethmoidal polyps but extranasal treatment can help reduce recurrence.
2 Middle meatus ant ethmoidal maxillary frontal 3 sup meatus post ethmoidal 4 sphenoethmoidal recess spheniod 5 opening of maxillary sinus in middle meatus level of hiatus semilunaris 6 inf turbiante separate bone 7 4th turbinate agger nasi cells(ant ethmoidal) 8 articulation of ethmoid is with inf turbinate 9 external nose 2 paired 2 unpaired cartilage 10 chona post nares 11 direction of NLD down back lateral 12 nasal valve lower end of uper nasal cartilage 13 osteomeatal complex connect nasal cavity with maxillary sinus 14 nasal mucosa supplied by external carotid artery 15 ciliary movement rate of nasal mucosa 5 to 10mm/min 16 nasal cycle 2 1/2 - 4 hrs 17 rhinophyma hypertrophy of sebaceous glands 18 choanal atresia CHARGE syndrome (coloboma of eye, heart defects, chonal atresia, Retarded growth, genital defects, ear defects) 19 nasolabial cyst originate from ofontogenic epithelium 20 percentage of newborn with dns 20% 21 killian incision smr freer incision septoplasty 22 mitomycin prevebr synechae formation 23 bony septal perforation syphilis cartilagenous tb leprosy 24 cottle test DNS 25 ant ethmoidal or sluder neuralgia middle turbiante pressing on septum 26 diabetes mucormycosis 27 rhinosporiodosis fungus 28 rhinoscleroma klebsella rhinoscleromatis mukilvz cells russel bodies 29 apple jelly nodules lupus vulgaris 30 antrachoanal polyp in children intranasal polypectomy n recurrent caldwell luc operation n old age FESS 31 recurrence common ethmoidal 32 ethmoidal polyp tretment intranasal in multiple n extranasal in recurrent 33 bernouli theourm nasal polyp 34 caldwell luc nasoantral window inf meatus 35 MC complication of caldwell luc infraorbital palsy 36 U/L nasal discharge in child foreign body 37 rhinolith Ca deposits 38 atrophic rhinitis klebsella ozena, merciful ansomia, young operation 39 nasal obstruction in atrophic rhinitis is due to crusting 40 mullbery appearance chronic hypertrophic rhinitis 41 vasomotor rhinitis vidian neurectomy 42 ant epistaxis little area post epistaxis woodruf plexus 43 MC cause of epistaxis trauma 44 atery of epistaxis sphenopalatine artery 45 uncontrolled epistaxis sphenopalatine is ligated 46 maxillary n ethmoid sinus present at birth 47 maxillary sinus reaches max size at secondary dentition 9 years 48 MC sinusitis in child ethmoid MC in children maxillary 49 MC cause of fungal mycoses aspergillus fumigatas 50 frontal sinusitis office headache or vaccum headache 51 Mucocele n osteoma common in frontal 52 antrum of highmore n largest sinus is maxillary sinus 53 MC tumor of PNS and nasal cavity squamous Ca 54 wood workers adeno Ca 55 most effective traetment of nasal polyp topical steroids 56 potts puffy tumor frontal sinus infection 57 rhinitis medicamentoda xylometazoline 58 MC etiology of maxillary sinusitis mucosal swelling in ethmoid infundibulum 58 caldwell luc entry to maxillary sinus is made through canine fossa 59 distance of ant ethmoidal artery from ant lacrimal crest 24mm 60 site of origin of antrachoanal polyp maxillary sinus 61 ENT manifestation of peutz jegher syndrome perioral n bucal mucosa pigmentation 62 ganglion associated with lacrimation sphenopalatine 63 inspiration airflow middle part of cavity in middle meatus in a parabolic curve 64 distance between opening of sphenoid sinus n nasal spine is 7cm 65 bleeding polyp of nose hemangioma of nasal septum 66 pt of ethmoidal cancer die of meningitis 67 trotter syndrome triad of conductive hearing loss, ipsilateral immobility of palate and neuralgic pain 68 MCC for acute sinusitis is acute rhinitis 69 trismis accompanying peritonsillar abcess is due to spasm of medial pterygoid 70 waldeyer ring both nasopharynx n oropharynx 71 sinuses drain anterior to basal lamella maxillary, frontal and agger nasi cells 72 transillumination test for maxillary n frontal sinusitis 73 orodental fistula after extraction of 1st molar 74 chances of metastes high in nasopharynx CA 75 better prognosis in keratinizing squamous cell CA 76 nasopharyngeal CA origninates from notochord 77 juvenile agniofibroma arises from sphenopalatins foramen, antral sign(holman miller sign), treatment of choice surgical excision 78 histo diagnosis of angiofibroma is made ny excision biopsy 79 MC sites of CSF rhinorrhea is ethmoid sinus n cribriform palate 80 CSF rhinorrhea beta 2 transferin 81 common site for rhabdomyosarcoma of head n neck orbit