PRODUCTION

Fiat Group ANODIZING TREATMENT FOR

STANDARD
ALUMINIUM AND ALUMINIUM
Automobiles ALLOY PARTS 9.57448
MARCHIARO GIANCARLO

normazione Page: 1 of 9
Date: 09/30/2009
PEYRETTI CLAUDIO

CMD
PURPOSE OF THE STANDARD
To define the characteristics of anodizing treatment for aluminium and aluminium alloy parts.

Code
To define the equipment and methods for testing such features.
To provide information regarding this treatment on drawings.

-
Ch.
Supervisor
Manager

5Edition
Change Date Description of change

= Dec. ’87 Edition 2 - Completely revised. (AS)

= April '90 Edition 3 - Reprinted (BM)

THIRD PARTIES WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT AUTO S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE
A July ’92 - Changed § 2.4.3 and cancelled annexes C/1 and 51. (BM)
C.R.F. - Group Materials Labs Surface Treatment
C.R.F. - Group Materials Labs Surface Treatment

= 05/10/00 Edition 4 - Cancelled document distribution in class CFO (MM/DA)

= 09/30/09 Edition 5 - Fully revised. (DC)

THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO

ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION

CONFIDENTIAL
Supervisor department
Manager department

ANY PRINTED COPY IS TO BE DEEMED AS UNCHECKED; THEREFORE THE UPDATED COPY MUST BE CHECKED IN THE APPROPRIATE WEB SITE

PUBLISHED BY FGA - NORMAZIONE

 Page 2
9.57448 Change
Sheet 1

| § "A" : TEST EQUIPMENT

See test instruments specified in each document quoted in the text (see § "B").

NOTE: The equipment indicated in the aforesaid § may be substituted with other having equal or
superior features, accuracy and repeatability.

| § "B" : REFERENCES
| 50022 | Semi-finished product element code number. TMD
| 50180 | Corrosion tests. TMD
| 50184 | Climatic tests on paints, enamels, adhesives, sealants, etc.
| 50451/01 | Accelerated ageing in sunlight. TMD
| 50461 | Inorganic and organic coating adhesion test through cross hatching.
| 50758 | Metal coat and protective oxidation coating thickness measurement
with micrographic method.
|9.01102 | Quality of Supplies. CFO
|9.01102/01 | Supply inspection requirements. CFO
|9.01103 | Product quality and conformity certificate. CFO
|9.55367 | One-side adhesive tapes.
|9.55842 | Painting of miscellaneous metallic parts.
| UNI 5137 | Grey scale for assessing change in colour. ISO 105-A02
|EN ISO 21968 | Non-magnetic metallic coatings on metallic and non-metallic basis materials -
Measurement of coating thickness - Phase-sensitive eddy-current method
| 08094 | Appearance-sensorial "reference standard" creation and management procedure
THIRD PARTIES WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT AUTO S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO

REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION

CONFIDENTIAL

PUBLISHED BY FGA - NORMAZIONE

 Page 3
Fiat Group Automobiles Sheet 1 Change
9.57448
1
GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1
This specification considers the layers, essentially consisting of aluminium oxide, which are formed on
aluminium and aluminium alloys by electrolytic processes in which the base material works as anode.
Unless otherwise agreed, these layers (porous and colourable) must be subjected to a fixing operation
in order to close the pores.
1.2
Purpose
The anodising treatment to which this specification refers is used for aluminium and aluminium alloy
parts for protective and/or decorative purposes.
The resulting layers improve resistance to corrosion and abrasion. Oxide coatings for anti-wear
purposes are excluded from the scope of this specification.
1.3
Range of application
Anodizing provides the best results on alloys specifically designed for the treatment because the
properties of the layers which are obtained depend on the contents of alloying elements and of basic
material impurities.
In particular, the degree of reflectivity increases as the impurities (mainly iron) present in the alloy
decrease. The material must be chosen also according to appearance needs.
Use of very pure alloys with an iron content lower than 0.15% is recommended for decorative
elements.
1.4
Classification, designation, information in drawing and use
*
Information on
Current Previous drawing
Type Use
designation ** designation

I OX AN 5 OX AN SOLF OX AN 5 Spec. Interior vehicle elements or exterior

THIRD PARTIES WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT AUTO S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY
9.57448 elements with a high degree of purity
for which high reflectivity is required.
II OX AN 10 - OX AN 10 Spec. Exterior elements, particularly if made
9.57448 of low-corrosion resistant alloys or
elements with particular colours.

THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO

III OX AN 10 SG - 0X AN 10 SG For exterior vehicle applications on

VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION

*** 9.57448 components with cosmetic function
requiring high resistance to abrasion, to
chemicals and to corrosion (e.g. roof
moulding, window surrounds, etc.).
* If a particular surface finish and/or colouring is required, addthe required finishing type and/or
CONFIDENTIAL

colour after the designation (e.g. OXAN 10 Matte Black Spec. 9.57448).
NOTE: Good resistance to light of coloured layers can only be obtained for some colours: designers
must check feasibility before requiring a given colour on drawings.
** The number that follows the code "OX AN" is the minimum thickness of the anodising layer in
micrometres.
*** Anodizing treatments followed by application of top coat, constituted by ceramic coatings
deposited with Sol-Gel technology or other, for increasing abrasion and corrosion resistance features,
belong to this type of coating.
The application of ceramic top coat may determine the appearance of iridescence, which may modify
the appearance of the component mounted on the vehicle. This must be taken into account during
treatment approval.

PUBLISHED BY FGA - NORMAZIONE

 Page 4
9.57448 Change
Sheet 1
Thicknesses other than those specified in the table may be required for particular needs; in this case,
anodizing must respect the minimum thickness of the required layer and satisfy the other features
required in § 2.4.

1.5
Code number (per Std. 50022)
OX AN 5 576
OX AN 10 283
OX AN 10 SG xxx

1.6
Dimensions and tolerances of the treated part
The dimensions and tolerances indicated on the part drawing include protective treatment.
The dimensional variation determined by the anodizing treatment is equal to approximately half the
thickness of the oxide layer.

2
TREATMENT QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
2.1
Subject the component to the checks and tests specified in the following §.
2.2
Check correspondence of test results with the values specified in design and/or on the attached
"Product Specifications Sheet".

2.3
Test environment (unless otherwise specified)
THIRD PARTIES WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT AUTO S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID

Temperature: 23 ± 5 °C
Atmospheric pressure: 860 1060 mbar
Relative humidity: 45 70 %
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO

2.4
REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION

Characteristics
The following features refer to the significant surface of the part.
Significant surface is the part of the surface which is essential for appearance and/or use of the
treatment component.
CONFIDENTIAL

This may be indicated in drawing or defined in the order. Otherwise, all the surface in sight when the
part is fitted on the vehicle is considered significant.

2.4.1
Appearance
The treated surfaces must be uniform and free from scratches, stains, burns, flaking or other fault
which may compromise required appearance and functions. Minor iridescence may be present.
Specific agreements must be defined with this regard between Customer and Supplier if good
reproducibility of colour or degree of reflectivity is required.
Colouring and degrees of reflectivity and/or iridescence may be agreed by using deposited reference
samples according to the methods described in Procedure FGA 08094.

PUBLISHED BY FGA - NORMAZIONE

 Page 5
Fiat Group Automobiles Sheet 1 Change
9.57448
2.4.2
Thickness
Unless otherwise agreed, the thickness of the coating treatment must be measured in zones of the
significant surface using one of the following methods which allow an accuracy of at least ±10%.

2.4.2.1
Induced current method
Per Std. EN ISO 21968.
To be adopted in current checks; for type Type III, it is the measurements of the total thickness of both
layers.

2.4.2.2
Microscopic method
Per Std. 50758.
To be adopted also in case of dispute or when the method described in § 2.4.2.1 cannot be used.
Type III allows to separately detect both the thickness of the anodising layer and the thickness of the
ceramic top coat.

2.4.2.3
Detected values must be included in the following limits:
Thickness of the anodizing layers
- OX AN 5 5 m
- OX AN 10 10 m

Ceramic coating thickness (for Type III only)

- SG = 1- 4 m

2.4.3
Fixing control (not required for parts with matte surface finish)

THIRD PARTIES WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT AUTO S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY
2.4.3.1
Required solutions
Solution of 50% by volume of nitric acid (d = 1.24)

THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO

2% by weight of solvent violet alcoholic solution.

VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION

2.4.3.2
Procedure
Remove grease with a suitable solvent (e.g. trichloroethylene) from a treatment surface zone to obtain
CONFIDENTIAL

complete wettability of the surface itself.

Carefully rinse under running water.
Pour onto the clean surface some drops of nitric acid solution a) at a temperature of of 20 ± 2 °C and
leave either for 10 min. (anodizing without colouring) or for 30 min. (coloured anodizing).
Wash under running water and dry.
Pour onto the same surface a few drops of solvent violet solution b) and leave for approximately 5
min.
Wash under running water for approximately 2 min. and carefully rub the surface with a cotton swab.

2.4.3.3
Evaluation
The oxide layer must not appear opaque and the coloured layers must not be discoloured. All traces of
die (solvent violet solution) must disappear entirely.

PUBLISHED BY FGA - NORMAZIONE

 Page 6
9.57448 Change
Sheet 1
2.4.4
Corrosion resistance
2.4.4.1
Take a number of samples so that the sum of significant surfaces is 4 dm2.
2.4.4.2
Subject the parts for 8 h to Copper Accelerated Salt Spray Test per Std. 50180 method A3.
2.4.4.3
Check that surfaces of parts, observed with unaided eye and at normal reading distance, are not dusty
or opaque and the number of corrosion points is < 1 / dm2.

2.4.5
Resistance to chemicals (Type III only)

2.4.5.1
For large parts, take 3 specimens, each approximately 200 mm long; take 3 parts for small objects.

2.4.5.2
Subject the parts to the following test cycle:

Immersion for 10 min. + 30 sec. in acid solution pH =1 (1).

Rinse under running water and dry with compressed air.
Keep in oven for 1 h + 5 min, at 40°C + 3°C.
Immersion for 10 min. + 30 sec. in alkaline solution pH =13.5 (2).
Rinse under running water and dry with compressed air.

(1) Solution 0.1 molar HCl

(2) Aqueous solution 12.7 g/l NaOH + 4.64 g/l of Na3P04 + 0.33 g/l of NaCl
THIRD PARTIES WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT AUTO S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID

2.4.5.3
No surface appearance alterations with respect to unexposed parts must be observed at end of test.

2.4.6
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO

Temperature resistance (Type III only)

REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION

2.4.6.1
Expose 3 parts or 3 specimens (each approximately 200 mm long) for 24 hours in thermostat oven
maintained at a temperature of 160°C + 3°C.
CONFIDENTIAL

2.4.6.2
No surface appearance alterations with respect to unexposed parts must be observed at end of
exposure.

2.4.7
Resistance to artificial sunlight
For colour anodized layers applied on components inside the vehicle only.
2.4.7.1
Required sample scales
Grey scale for assessing change in colour (Std. UNI 5137; ISO 105-A02).
Blue scale constituted by eight elements of blue wool fabric, numbered from 1 (very weak alteration to
light) to 8 (very high resistance to light alteration). This scale can be purchased from UNI-Milano,
piazza Diaz, 2.

PUBLISHED BY FGA - NORMAZIONE

 Page 7
Fiat Group Automobiles Sheet 1 Change
9.57448
2.4.7.2
Procedure
2.4.7.2.1
Obtain a sample of suitable dimensions to be mounted in one of the devices described in Std.
50451/01 and identify the significant surface in a significant surface zone.
2.4.7.2.2
Partially shield (approximately half) the significant surface of the sample and the surfaces of the blue
scale specimens to facilitate evaluation of colour changes consequent to exposure in § above.
2.4.7.2.3
Carry out the test according to the method in Std. 50451/01.
The shielded surfaces of the part under test and of the comparison specimens must be arranged at
equal distance from the light source and exposed for a sufficient time to obtain a colour change equal
to contrast 4 of the grey scale on specimen 7 of the blue scale (very slight change of colour).
NOTE: The exposure time which corresponds to this colour change is indicatively 300 hours with
Fade-O-meter Type 18FR (Method A), approximately 400 hours with Xenotest 450 (Method B) and
approximately 800 hours with Xenotest 150 S (Method B).
Different times may be needed if devices other than those indicated are used. In this case, both the
type of device and the corresponding exposure times must be agreed by Customer and Supplier and
shown on the qualification plan and on the concerned component drawing.

2.4.7.2.4
Remove all masking from the sample surfaces and from the comparison samples (see § 2.4.5.2.2).
2.4.7.3 Evaluation
The change of colour of the exposed surface of the specimen must not be greater than that of
reference blue scale specimen 7.

THIRD PARTIES WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT AUTO S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY
2.4.8
Adherence of ceramic coating to anodized substrate (Type III only)

THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO

2.4.8.1
Carry out the test according to the methods and equipment described in Std. 50461 using Type L

VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION

adhesive tape (Spec. 9.55367).
The test must be carried out when new and after water resistance test.

2.4.8.2
CONFIDENTIAL

Evaluation when new

Detachment of the ceramic coating from the hatched surfaces is not permitted; only removal of the
burrs from the edges of the hatching is permitted

2.4.8.3
Evaluation after water resistance test
Carry out the water resistance test according to the methods and equipment described in Spec.
9.55842 § “Water immersion test resistance”.
At the end of these tests, leave the parts to recondition for 2 hours at ambient temperature and check
adherence per § 2.4.8.1

2.4.8.4
A loss of adherence no higher than 10% with respect to values obtained when new is permitted.

PUBLISHED BY FGA - NORMAZIONE

 Page 8
9.57448 Change
Sheet 1

2.4.9
Humidity resistance (Type III only)

2.4.9.1
Carry out the test according to the methods and equipment described in Std. 50184, Method B, at a
temperature of 40 + 1°C, with RH 95 - 100%, for 300 hours.

2.4.9.2
No blistering, stains, removal of material or opaque appearance is admitted after exposure.

2.4.10
Accelerated weathering test (Type III only for exterior vehicle applications)

2.4.10.1
Carry out the test according to the methods and equipment in § 2.12 of Spec. 9.55842 (Ed. 12/A) and
Std. 50451, for 1500 hours of exposure.

2.4.10.2
No macro surface faults or changes of brilliancy with respect to the parts not exposed is permitted at
end of exposure.

3
REQUIREMENTS FOR SUPPLY INSPECTION
THIRD PARTIES WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT AUTO S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID

(By Plant Q.A.)

3.1
Supply inspection shall be carried out according to PS 9.01102/01 (Restricted circulation).
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO

4
SUPPLIER REQUIREMENTS
REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION

4.1
Supplier must comply with the general requirements contained in Spec. 9.01102 “QUALITY OF
SUPPLIES”.
CONFIDENTIAL

4.2
Product Qualification Supplies
Supplier must submit the amount of product specified in the purchase order and attach the Quality and
Conformity Certificate (see Spec. 9.01103); all requirements specified in the attached "Product
Specifications Data Sheet" relating to the specific type shall be verified. "Non-conforming" supplies are
not permissible.

4.3
Product supplies
The supplied product shall conform to drawing and this Specification. When selecting the
manufacturing process to be adopted and severity of inspections, supplier must take into account
classes of importance that FIAT has assigned to each of the features to which requirements refer (see
§ 5).

PUBLISHED BY FGA - NORMAZIONE

 Page 9
Fiat Group Automobiles Sheet 1 Change
9.57448

NOTE: Checks may be performed on components which have been subjected to non-destructive tests
(indicated with NM in § 5) during product qualification and supply inspection. Components which have
been subjected to destructive tests (M) may not be used for further tests or inspections unless
otherwise specified case by case.
5
CLASSIFICATION OF CHARACTERISTICS TABLE
CLASSIFICATION OF CHARACTERISTICS TYPE OF TEST
Appearance Important NM
Thickness Important NM*
Fastening check Secondary M
Corrosion resistance Important M
Resistance to chemicals Important M
Temperature Resistance Secondary M
Resistance to artificial sunlight Important M
Ceramic coating adherence Secondary M
Resistance to humidity Secondary M
Accelerated weathering test Secondary M

THIRD PARTIES WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT AUTO S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO

VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION

CONFIDENTIAL

PUBLISHED BY FGA - NORMAZIONE

 Fiat Group ANODIZING TREATMENT 9.57448
FOR ALUMINIUM AND
Automobiles
ANNEX 1
ALUMINIUM
normazione ALLOY PARTS Page: 1 of 1
Date:

CHARACTERISTICS TEST CONDITIONS LIMITS

CMD
Appearance - §2.4.1

Code
OX AN 5 > 5 µm
Std. EN ISO 21968 OX AN 10 > 10 µm
Thickness

-
Std. 50758 SG = 1 - 4 µm

Chang
No opaque appearance or colour changes for

e
Fastening check § 2.4.3 coloured layers are permitted; all traces of
solvent violet must disappear completely.

5
8 h in Copper Accelerated Salt No opaque appearance of surface and no
Corrosion resistance Spray per Std. 50180 method colour changes; number of corrosion points
A3 must be 1 /dm2-

Edition
Resistance to chemicals (Type No appearance alterations with respect to
§ 2.4.5
III only) parts not on exposure must be found.
Temperature resistance (Type No appearance alterations with respect to
§ 2.4.6
III only) parts not on exposure must be found.

Resistance to artificial sunlight The change of colour of the exposed surface

(for colour anodized layers § 2.4.7 must not be greater than that of reference
only) blue scale specimen 7.

Detachment of the ceramic coating from the

hatched surfaces is not permitted; only
Adherence of New removal of the burrs from the edges of the
ceramic coating hatching is permitted
to anodized § 2.4.8

THIRD PARTIES WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FIAT AUTO S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE
substrate (Type After water
III only) Loss of adherence of < 10% with respect to
resistance
new
test

THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO

ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ORIGINAL ITALIAN EDITION

Humidity resistance (Type III No blistering, stains, opaque appearance
§ 2.4.9
only) and/or removal of material is permitted

No surface macro faults or changes of

Accelerated weathering (Type
§ 2.4.10 brilliance with respect to parts not on
III only)
CONFIDENTIAL

exposure are permitted.

PUBLISHED BY FGA - NORMAZIONE