Flavors of Linux

Flavors of Linux
➔ Linux is not a complete operating system

➔ It is just a kernel
➔ 3 major components of Linux operating System
i. Kernel
ii. Shell
iii. File structure
➔ Linux distribution take the linux kernel combined with free software to
create complete packages
➔ To install Linux, a Linux distribution should be chosen
➔ Flavors of Linux come from different companies
➔ Flavors of Linux are called as Distributions
➔ Different flavors of Linux are
i. Debian
ii. Ubuntu
iii. Fedora
iv. CentOs/Red Hat Enterprise Linux
1. Debian
➔ It is also called as Debian GNU/Linux
➔ Debian is an unix-like operating system composed only of free open
source software.
➔ Ubuntu was founded to take the core bits of stable Debian
➔ Most of famous distribution are based on Debian:
i. Ubuntu
ii. Distro Knoppix
iii. Damn small Linux
➔ Debian stable Linux distribution is popular for personal computer and

network servers
➔ Debian was first announced in 1993 by Ian Murdock
➔ In Debian, package management operations are done by different tools
available on Debian
➔ Three branches of Debian releases/ distribution
i. Stable
ii. Testing
iii. Unstable
i. Stable :
o It is the current release and targets stable and well tested software
needs
o Bugs are fixed or removed and formed as stable
ii. Testing
o Preview branch which had some testing
o It contains newer packages that stable
o Updates continually until it is frozen
iii. Unstable
o In this, packages are accepted without checking the distribution
as a whole.
2. Fedora
➔ Fedora is a Linux distribution developed by the community-supported
Fedora Project and sponsored by Red Hat.
➔ It is the foundation for the commercial Red Hat Enterprise Linux
➔ It uses the “ upstream” software that provide a platform that integrates all
the upstream software without adding their own custom tools
➔ Fedora was founded when Red Hat decided to discontinue Red Hat Linux
and form Red Hat Enterprise Linux
➔ Fedora provides users with an easy-to-use build system for creating their
own repositions.
➔ Three Primary Editions:
i. Fedora Workstation
ii. Fedora Server
iii. Fedora Cloud
➔ Fedora Workstation: It targets users who need reliable, user-friendly and

powerful operating system for laptop or desktop.
➔ Fedora Server: It targets the server with largest data center technology
➔ Fedora Cloud: Provides minimal image of Fedora and it is deployed in
cloud computing
3. RPM
➔ RPM stands for Red Hat Package Manager
➔ The software is packages in a special archive which is called as Red Hat
Package Manager
➔ RPM archive contains following files:
i. Program files
ii. Configuration files
iii. Data files
iv. Documentation of software application
➔ Users can create their own RPM packages to install or uninstall.

➔ It provides an easy to use interface
➔ RPM include
i. Detailed information on a package
ii. It contains complete testing of files it installs
➔ Installation can be made easy by using configure script
➔ This script automatically detects system configuration and generates a
Makefile with which a binary is created to make it compatible to the
system.
➔ Linux distributions such as Red Hat, OpenLinux, SUSE use RPM
packages to install or remove.
➔ A Linux Software application consist of several files which is placed in
different directories
➔ rpm command on a shell command line help to install or uninstall RPM
packages.
➔ Popular RPM packages are Kpackage, GNOMERPM etc
4. UBUNTU
➔ Ubuntu is the Debian based free and Open source Linux Operating
system
➔ Its distributions are used for personal computers and network servers
➔ Ubuntu builds a unique user interface and offers a solid choice of tools
➔ The latest version of Ubuntu is Ubuntu 18.04 LTS “Bionic Beaver”
which was released on April 26, 2018.
➔ It releases new stable versions of Ubuntu every six months and new Long
Term support versions every two years
➔ Features :
i. Complete
ii. Open Source
iii. Secure
iv. Accessible to everyone
v. Customisable, Built in firewall and virus protection
➔ Ubuntu was founded from the core bits of Debian
➔ Flavors of Ubuntu:[
i. Kubuntu
ii. Xubuntu
iii. Lubuntu
iv. Ubuntu GNOME
v. Ubuntu MATE
vi. Ubuntustudio
vii. Edubuntu
viii. Ubuntu Kylin
➔ The different between each Ubuntu flavour are in the set of packages
installed.
➔ Ubuntu OS and Ubuntu for Android can be used on mobile devices
➔ It provides a world class platform for anyone to use
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Flavors of Linux

➔ Linux is not a complete operating system

➔ Debian stable Linux distribution is popular for personal computer and

➔ Fedora Workstation: It targets users who need reliable, user-friendly and

➔ Users can create their own RPM packages to install or uninstall.

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