6 Lesson: MUSIC

Historical Development of Music

The earliest recorded history of music dates back to ancient civilizations, where evidence of
musical instruments and musical practices has been found.
 Ancient Mesopotamia (3500-1000 BCE): Sumerians of Mesopotamia left behind clay
tablets with cuneiform inscriptions that contained hymns, songs, and musical notations.
The "Hurrian Hymn No. 6" from around 1400 BCE is one of the earliest examples of
written music discovered.
 Ancient Egypt (3100 BCE onwards): Ancient Egyptians used musical instruments such
as harps, flutes, and percussion. Depictions of musicians and musical performances have
been found in ancient Egyptian art and hieroglyphs, indicating the cultural importance of
music.
 Ancient China (7500-7000 BCE onwards): Chinese history includes references to early
forms of musical instruments such as bells, flutes, and stringed instruments like the
guqin. The "Guixian" site in China has yielded some of the earliest known playable
musical instruments, dating back to around 7000 BCE.
 Ancient India (2000 BCE onwards): The Vedas, ancient Indian texts dating back to
around 1500 BCE, contain hymns and chants used in religious rituals. The Sama Veda,
one of the four Vedas, contains melodies and is considered one of the earliest musical
texts.
These ancient civilizations had developed forms of music integral to their religious, social, and
cultural practices. While written musical notations began to appear around 1400 BCE, oral
traditions and musical practices likely existed long before recorded history, making it
challenging to pinpoint an exact date for the inception of music.

The history of music is a complex and multifaceted subject that encompasses various cultures,
traditions, and time periods. Here are the important details and facts based on the provided
sources:
Cultural Universality of Music
 Music is considered a cultural universal, with every known culture partaking in it,
reflecting its significance across diverse societies
 The origins of music remain highly contentious, with debates surrounding its connection
to the origin of language and the timing of its emergence in human history
Prehistoric Music and Ancient Civilizations
 The music of prehistoric cultures is first firmly dated to c. 40,000 BP of the Upper
Paleolithic by evidence of bone flutes, though its origins may lie in the earlier Middle
Paleolithic period (300,000 to 50,000 BP)
  The development of writing led to the presence of ancient music in major Chinese,
Egyptian, Greek, Indian, Persian, Mesopotamian, and Middle Eastern societies,
characterized by monophony and improvisation
Influence of Religions and Cultural Aspects
 Religions have often been catalysts for music, with the Vedas of Hinduism significantly
influencing Indian classical music and the Five Classics of Confucianism laying the basis
for subsequent Chinese music
 A society's music is influenced by all other aspects of its culture, including social and
economic organization, climate, and access to technology, reflecting the
interconnectedness of music with various cultural elements
Transmission and Exchange of Musical Ideas
 The emergence of the Silk Road and increasing contact between cultures led to the
transmission and exchange of musical ideas, practices, and instruments, influencing the
music of the Tang dynasty, Japanese gagaku, and Korean court music Evolution of Music
Education
 Music education has a deep history and roots in the American education experience, with
significant instructional methods being developed and taking hold in the early 20th
century
 The development of music education around methods of instruction, such as the Normal
Music Course, has had a lasting impact on music classrooms and pedagogical approaches
These important details and facts provide insights into the cultural universality of music, the
evolution of music in prehistoric and ancient civilizations, the influence of religions and cultural
aspects, and the development of music education.

PREHISTORY

The term "prehistoric music" encompasses all music produced in preliterate cultures (prehistory),
beginning at least 6 million years ago when humans and chimpanzees last had a common
ancestor. Music first arose in the Paleolithic period, though it remains unclear whether this was
in the Middle or Upper Paleolithic. The vast majority of Paleolithic instruments have been found
in Europe and date to the Upper Paleolithic. The potentially oldest instrument is the Divje Babe
Flute from the Divje Babe cave in Slovenia, dated to 43,000 and 82,000 and made from a young
cave bear femur. The absence of other instruments from and before this time may be due to their
use of weaker materials, such as reeds, gourds, skins, and bark. Prehistoric cultures are thought
to have had a wide variety of uses for music, with little unification between different societies.
Music was likely of particular value when food and other basic needs were scarce. It is also
probable that prehistoric cultures viewed music as intrinsically connected with nature, and may
have believed its use influenced the natural world directly. The earliest instruments found in
prehistoric China are 12 gudi bone flutes in the modern-day Jiahu, Wuyang, Henan Province
from c. 6000 BCE. The only instruments dated to the prehistoric Xia dynasty (c. 2070–1600) are
two qing, two small bells (one earthenware, one bronze), and a xun. In the Indian subcontinent,
the prehistoric Indus Valley civilisation (from c. 2500–2000 BCE in its mature state) has
archeological evidence that indicates simple rattles and vessel flutes were used, while
iconographical evidence suggests early harps and drums also existed.

ANTIQUITY
The advent of writing marked the beginning of literate civilizations, termed part of the ancient
world, with the first known Sumerian literature dating back to c. 2600 BCE. Ancient societies
had diverse music, with fundamental concepts such as monophony, improvisation, and the
dominance of text in musical settings being prominent. Varying song forms were present in
ancient cultures, including China, Egypt, Greece, India, Mesopotamia, Rome, and the Middle
East. Music was closely aligned with magic, science, and religion, and was of particular value
when food and other basic needs were scarce. The few surviving examples of ancient music
notation usually exist on papyrus or clay tablets. The oldest surviving written music is the
Hurrian songs from Ugarit, Syria, with the Hymn to Nikkal dated to c. 1400 BCE and the
Seikilos epitaph dated to the 2nd Century CE or later. The transmission of musical ideas and
instruments increased in later ancient societies, often shepherded by the Silk Road. The
development of prehistoric music is linked directly to the development of language. The human
voice is believed to be the first instrument and form of music, with other prehistoric musical
instruments possibly echoing naturally occurring sounds and rhythms. The earliest known
musical instruments are simple flutes and percussion instruments, such as bone flutes and rattles,
dating back to the Upper Paleolithic period, around 40,000 BP.

CHINA
The late Shang dynasty (1600–1046 BCE) developed writing, which exists as divinatory
inscriptions on ritualistic oracle bones and bronze inscriptions. As many as 11 oracle script
characters may refer to music to some extent, some of which could be iconographical
representations of instruments themselves. The stone bells qing appears to have been particularly
popular with the Shang ruling class, and oracle script evidence suggests they used ocarinas,
transverse flutes, double pipes, the mouthorgan, and maybe the pan flute. The Shang used bronze
for bells, such as the ling, nao, and zhong, and drums, which were more often wooden. The Zhou
dynasty saw the emergence of major court ensembles, and the Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng
contains a variety of complex and decorated instruments, including the monumental set of 65
tuned bianzhong bells. Ancient Chinese instruments served both practical and ceremonial means,
used to appeal to supernatural forces for survival needs, attract birds while hunting, and in
sacrifices and military ceremonies. Chinese music has always been closely associated with
dance, literature, and fine arts, and many early Chinese thinkers equated music with proper
morality and governance of society. Throughout the Shang and Zhou, music was a symbol of
power for the Imperial court, being used in religious services as well as the celebration of
ancestors and heroes. Confucius formally designated the music concerned with ritual and ideal
morality as the superior yayue, in opposition to suyue, which included virtually all non-
ceremonial music. The Qin dynasty saw the guzheng become a particularly popular instrument,
and during the Han dynasty, there were attempts to reconstruct the music of the Shang and Zhou.
The Han dynasty had officially adopted Confucianism as the state philosophy, and the ganying
theories became a dominant philosophy. The Han dynasty saw a preponderance of foreign
musical influences from the Middle East and Central Asia, and instruments from said cultural
transmission include metal trumpets and instruments similar to the modern oboe and oud lute,
the latter which became the pipa.

GREEK (GREECE)

Ancient Greek music was viewed as a gift from the gods, with specific instruments attributed to
particular deities. The oldest surviving Greek musical instruments are bone auloi, dating from the
Neolithic Age, and were found in western Macedonia, Thessaly, and Mykonos. The three major
civilizations of the Bronze Age in the Aegean, Cycladic, Minoan, and Mycenaean Civilization,
all provide physical evidence of the importance of music in their respective cultures. The lyre,
aulos (usually double), and syrinx were the most popular instruments. Stringed instruments were
always played with the fingers or a plectrum rather than with a bow, and in the Classical Period,
stringed instruments were favored over wind as they allowed the player to also sing. Music was
closely associated with dance, literature, and fine arts, and many early Greek thinkers also
equated music with proper morality and governance of society.

INDIA

The principal sources on the music of ancient India are textual and iconographical. Ancient
Sanskrit, Pali, and Prakrit literature frequently contain musical references, from the Vedas to the
works of Kalidasa and the Ilango Adigal's epic Silappatikaram. The monumental arts treatise
Natya Shastra is among the earliest and chief sources for Ancient Indian music; the music
portions alone are likely from the Gupta period (4th century to 6th century CE). Musical
instruments dating to the prehistoric period have been recovered from archaeological
excavations. The ancient Indian musical style has been preserved through oral tradition in an
unbroken way till now. The roots of the classical music of India are found in the Vedic literature
of Hinduism and the ancient Natyashastra, the classic Sanskrit text on performing arts by Bharata
Muni. The post-Vedic era historical literature relating to Indian classical music has been
extensive. The ancient and medieval texts are primarily in Sanskrit (Hinduism), but major
reviews of music theory, instruments, and practice were also composed in regional languages
such as Braj, Kannada, Odia, Pali (Buddhism), Prakrit (Jainism), Tamil, and Telugu.
ELEMENTS OF MUSIC

 Tonality: The organization of music around a central note (the tonic) and its scale,
creating a sense of key. It establishes a hierarchy of pitches and their relationships within
a piece.
Example: A song in the key of C major, where the C note serves as the tonal center.

 Pitch: The perceived frequency of a sound, determining how high or low a note sounds.
Example: The difference between a high-pitched note (like the keys on the right side of a piano)
and a low-pitched note (on the left side).

 Dynamics: The variation in volume or intensity in music, ranging from soft (piano) to
loud (forte) and everything in between.
Example: The contrast between a quiet passage and a crescendo in Beethoven's Symphony No. 5.

 Timbre: The unique quality or color of a sound produced by different instruments or

voices.
Example: The timbre of a saxophone versus that of a violin, each having its distinct sound
quality.

 Texture: The way musical sounds are layered and organized, including monophonic
(single melody), homophonic (melody with harmonies), and polyphonic (multiple
independent melodies) textures.

Example: A piece featuring a solo singer (monophonic texture) compared to a symphony

orchestra (polyphonic texture).

 Rhythm: The arrangement of sounds and silences in time, creating a pattern or beat.
Example: The rhythmic patterns in a drum solo or the steady beat in a pop song.

 Melody: A sequence of musical notes played in succession, forming a recognizable and

often memorable tune.
Example: The melody in Beethoven's "Ode to Joy" or the vocal line in Adele's "Someone Like
You."

 Harmony: The combination of different musical notes played or sung simultaneously,

creating chords that support the melody.
Example: The harmonies created by backing vocalists in a gospel choir.

 Form: The overall structure or organization of a musical piece, involving how different
sections like verses, choruses, or movements are arranged.
Example: The sonata-allegro form in classical music or the verse-chorus-verse structure in pop
songs.

 Pulse: The underlying beat or recurring pattern that provides a steady rhythmic
framework.
Example: The consistent beat in dance music that encourages movement or tapping along.

 Duration: The length of time a sound is held or the overall length of a note or rest in
music notation.
Example: Whole notes (four beats) lasting longer than quarter notes (one beat) in sheet music.

TYPES OF MUSIC

Pop Music Eclectic borrowing Urban, dance, rock, Originated in the West
from various styles, Latin, country during the 1950s-
melodic tunes, repeated influences. 1960s. Known for its
choruses. diverse musical
influences and catchy
melodies.
Hip Hop Rhythmic style Rapping, urban culture Originated in the
accompanying influences. United States in the
rhythmic and rhyming 1970s. Known for its
speech ("rapping"). rhythmic expression
through speech and
beats.
Rock Music Various styles with Guitar-driven, high- Originated as "rock and
emphasis on energy performances. roll" in the 1950s,
musicianship, live evolved into diverse
 performance, styles. Emphasizes live
authenticity. performances and
musical authenticity.
Rhythm and Blues Jazz-based music, Soulful vocals, jazz Genre of African-
(R&B) insistent beat, diverse influences. American music from
themes. the 1940s, known for
its rhythm, soulful
vocals, and exploration
of diverse themes.
Soul Music Blend of gospel, Emotional vocals, Combines elements of
rhythm and blues, jazz. gospel influences. African-American
musical traditions,
often characterized by
emotive vocals and
spiritual themes.
Reggae Bass and drum Offbeat rhythm, Originated in Jamaica
counterpoint, Caribbean influences. in the late 1960s.
influenced by Recognizable by its
traditional mento. distinct bass-driven
sound and social
commentary lyrics.
Country Rooted in folk, blues, Banjos, fiddles, United States popular
Western music, string storytelling lyrics. music genre with
instruments. ballads, dance tunes,
and storytelling lyrics.
Funk Rhythmic grooves, Strong basslines, Originated in the
emphasis on rhythm syncopated rhythms. 1960s, known for its
over melody. danceable grooves and
rhythmic emphasis.
Folk Music Oral transmission, Storytelling, acoustic Evolved from
traditional origins. instruments. traditional roots, often
transmitted orally,
emphasizing
storytelling through
acoustic instruments.
Jazz Diverse musical styles, Improvisation, swing Originating from
performance-oriented. rhythms. African American
communities, known
for its improvisation
and various styles.
Disco Fusion of funk, soul, Danceable beats, Popular dance genre
pop, salsa. groovy rhythms. from the mid-1970s to
early 1980s,
characterized by its
upbeat and dance-
friendly rhythms.
Classical Music Art music from Symphonies, sonatas, Encompasses liturgical
Western traditions. orchestral and secular music,
compositions. known for its complex
compositions and
formal structures.
Electronic Music Predominantly uses Synthesized sounds, Genre utilizing
synthesizers and repetitive beats. electronic instruments,
electronic instruments. characterized by
synthesized sounds and
repetitive beats.
Music of Latin Various styles like son, Rhythmic beats, Latin Encompasses diverse
America salsa, tango. influences. Latin music styles with
rich rhythmic beats.
Blues Call-and-response Expressive vocals, Developed by African
patterns, blues scale. guitar-driven. Americans, known for
its emotive vocals and
guitar-driven melodies.
Music for Children Designed for Simple melodies, Tailored music for
entertainment and educational lyrics. children, combining
education. entertainment with
educational content.
New-Age Music Intended for relaxation Ambient sounds, Music designed to
and stress management. calming melodies. create a peaceful
atmosphere for
relaxation and stress
relief.
Vocal Music Singing as the main Vocal harmonies, a Emphasizes singing,
focus. cappella. often with or without
instrumental
accompaniment.
Music of Africa Diverse musical Rhythmic beats, Vast array of musical
traditions, percussion cultural influences. styles originating from
instruments. different regions within
Africa, often
characterized by
percussion instruments.
Christian Music Expresses beliefs Spiritual themes, Varied music
regarding Christian life diverse styles. expressing Christian
and faith. beliefs, encompassing
diverse styles.
Music of Asia Musical styles from Traditional instruments, Various musical styles
Central, Southern, and cultural influences. originating from Asian
East Asia. countries, showcasing
cultural influences.
Ska Blend of Caribbean Offbeat rhythms, brass Originated in Jamaica,
mento, jazz, rhythm instruments. known for its lively
 and blues. rhythms and brass-
heavy sounds.
Traditional Music Forms with origins Cultural significance, Rooted in cultural
from generations past. oral transmission. heritage, often
transmitted orally
across generations.
Independent Music Produced DIY approach, diverse Music produced outside
independently of major genres. major labels,
labels. showcasing diverse
genres and a DIY ethos.

Musical Instruments

Instrument Description Elements Produced Commonly Used In

Guitar Stringed instrument Melody, Harmony, Pop, Rock, Jazz, Blues
with a wide range of Rhythm
styles
Piano Keyboard instrument Melody, Harmony, Classical, Jazz, Pop
producing a broad Rhythm
range of tones
Violin Stringed instrument Melody, Harmony, Classical, Folk, Jazz
with a wide range of Rhythm
pitches
Cello Stringed instrument Melody, Harmony, Classical, Orchestral
with a lower range than Rhythm
a violin
Flute Wind instrument Melody, Harmony Classical, Jazz, Pop
producing sound from a
blown edge
Clarinet Woodwind instrument Melody, Harmony Classical, Jazz,
with a wide range of Klezmer
tones
Saxophone Brass instrument with a Melody, Harmony, Jazz, Rock, Pop
single-reed mouthpiece Rhythm
Trumpet Brass instrument Melody, Harmony, Jazz, Classical, Pop
producing powerful, Rhythm
high-pitched tones
Drum Kit Percussion instrument Rhythm, Percussion Rock, Pop, Jazz
ensemble with various
drums
Trombone Brass instrument with a Melody, Harmony, Jazz, Classical
telescoping slide Rhythm
mechanism
Harp Stringed instrument Melody, Harmony Classical, Orchestral
with strings
perpendicular to
soundboard
Bass Guitar Stringed instrument Rhythm, Harmony Rock, Jazz, Funk
with lower tones than a
guitar
Banjo Stringed instrument Rhythm, Melody Bluegrass, Folk
with a resonating
membrane
Mandolin Stringed instrument Melody, Harmony, Folk, Bluegrass
with a paired set of Rhythm
strings
Harmonica Wind instrument with Melody, Harmony Blues, Folk, Rock
reed plates in an air
chamber
Accordion Bellows-driven Melody, Harmony Folk, Polka, Tango
instrument with a
keyboard and buttons
Organ Keyboard instrument Melody, Harmony Classical, Church
with pipes producing Music
sound
Oboe Double reed woodwind Melody, Harmony Classical, Orchestral
instrument with a
conical bore
French Horn Brass instrument with a Melody, Harmony, Classical, Orchestral
coiled tube and flared Rhythm
bell
Ukulele Small guitar-like Melody, Harmony, Pop, Hawaiian Music
instrument with four Rhythm
strings
Viola Stringed instrument Melody, Harmony Classical, Orchestral
larger than a violin
Double Bass Large stringed Rhythm, Harmony Classical, Jazz,
instrument producing Orchestral
low-pitched tones
Xylophone Percussion instrument Melody, Rhythm Classical, Jazz, Pop
with wooden bars
struck by mallets
Vibraphone Percussion instrument Melody, Rhythm Jazz, Classical
with aluminum bars
and resonator tubes
Marimba Percussion instrument Melody, Rhythm Classical, Jazz
 with wooden bars and
resonators
Timpani Large kettledrums Rhythm, Percussion Classical, Orchestral
played with mallets
Synthesizer Electronic keyboard Melody, Harmony, Electronic Music
generating and Rhythm, Electronic
modifying sounds Tones
Sitar Stringed instrument Melody, Harmony Indian Classical Music
with a long neck and
gourd body
Bagpipes Wind instrument using Melody, Drone Traditional, Folk
enclosed reeds fed from
a constant reservoir
Harpsichord Keyboard instrument Melody, Harmony Baroque Music
with quill-plucked
strings
Tambourine Percussion instrument Rhythm, Percussion Folk, Pop, Rock
with a shallow, circular
frame

MUSICAL ENSEMBLE

A musical ensemble refers to a group of musicians who perform together, typically playing
different musical instruments or singing collectively. Ensembles vary widely in size,
composition, and style, ranging from small groups to large orchestras or choirs. They can be
categorized based on the types of instruments involved (e.g., string ensemble, brass ensemble,
woodwind ensemble), the number of performers (e.g., duet, trio, quartet, quintet), or the musical
genre they specialize in (e.g., jazz ensemble, rock band, chamber orchestra).
Ensembles collaborate to create a unified musical performance, blending various instrumental or
vocal parts to produce a cohesive and harmonious sound. Each member contributes their part to
the overall piece, often following a conductor's guidance in larger ensembles or relying on
internal coordination in smaller groups. Ensembles play a significant role in diverse musical
genres, showcasing the synergy and collective artistry of musicians working together.

Types of Musical Ensembles

 Orchestra: Typically consisting of string, woodwind, brass, and percussion sections,

orchestras perform classical music and can be further classified as symphony orchestras,
chamber orchestras, or philharmonic orchestras.
 Band: Bands encompass a broad range, including rock bands, jazz bands, brass bands,
wind bands, concert bands, and marching bands. They typically feature guitars, drums,
brass instruments, woodwind instruments, and sometimes vocals.
 Choir: Choirs focus on vocal performances, singing a cappella or accompanied by
instruments. They come in various sizes and types, such as chamber choirs, gospel choirs,
or vocal ensembles.
 String Ensemble: Comprising string instruments like violins, violas, cellos, and double
basses, these ensembles perform classical music or adaptations of various genres.
 Brass Ensemble: Consisting mainly of brass instruments such as trumpets, trombones,
French horns, and tubas, brass ensembles perform a range of music, from classical to
jazz.
 Woodwind Ensemble: Comprising woodwind instruments like flutes, clarinets, oboes,
and bassoons, these ensembles perform classical, contemporary, or chamber music.
 Percussion Ensemble: Groups of percussionists playing a variety of percussion
instruments, including drums, cymbals, xylophones, marimbas, and more, often focusing
on rhythmic and experimental compositions.
 Jazz Combo: Small groups of jazz musicians, usually with a rhythm section (piano, bass,
drums) and one or more melody instruments (saxophone, trumpet, guitar), performing
jazz standards or improvisational music.
 Electronic Music Ensemble: Groups that focus on creating electronic music using
synthesizers, computers, and other electronic instruments, often exploring avant-garde or
experimental sounds.
 Folk Ensembles: Groups that specialize in performing traditional folk music from
specific cultures, using a variety of traditional instruments and vocal styles.

 Duo: A musical ensemble consisting of two performers. Duos can involve various
instrument combinations or vocalists. They are versatile and often allow for intimate and
intricate musical interactions between the two performers.
 Trio: An ensemble comprising three performers. Trios can include different instrument
combinations, such as piano trios (piano, violin, cello) or jazz trios (piano, bass, drums).
They offer a balanced and harmonious blend of sound.
 Quartet: A musical group made up of four performers. Quartets can be string quartets
(two violins, viola, cello), brass quartets, woodwind quartets, or vocal quartets. They
provide a wide range of musical possibilities due to the diverse instrumentation available.
 Quintet: An ensemble consisting of five performers. Quintets often feature various
instrument combinations, such as brass quintets, woodwind quintets, or jazz quintets.
They allow for rich harmonies and textures with a balanced blend of instruments.
The music of the Philippines reflects a rich cultural heritage interwoven with historical events.
Filipino music has evolved significantly while retaining its roots in family and educational
institutions. This evolution encompasses various genres, from traditional Awit at Kurido,
Zarzuela, and Kundiman to contemporary pop music.
70s Pinoy Music:
 Despite the Martial Law era's challenges, Filipino music flourished.
 Folk songs evolved into radical protest tunes during student demonstrations.
 OPM (Original Pinoy Music) gained prominence due to laws requiring radio stations to
play Filipino compositions.
 Pinoy rock emerged with bands like Asin, bringing messages of love, peace, and social
issues.
80s Pinoy Music:
 Disco music initially entered but transformed into a nationalistic movement.
 Pinoy rock bands like Sampaguita and Juan dela Cruz Band gained recognition as icons.
 Bands like Identity Crisis, Half-Life, and others contributed to the genre's growth.
90s Pinoy Music:
 The music scene became less metered and more aggressive, reflecting societal changes.
 Hip-hop and rap, notably Francis Magalona, became influential, highlighting political
consciousness.
 The Eraserheads emerged as a prominent rock band, addressing societal issues through
their music.
New Millennium - Muziklaban:
 The new millennium saw a surge of emerging bands releasing EPs and albums.
 Bands like Parokya ni Edgar, Rivermaya, and Spongecola made their mark in the OPM
terrain.
 The Red Horse Muziklaban competition provided a platform for young bands to gain
recognition.
Filipino music's evolution reflects the nation's history, from protest music during times of
political turmoil to a diverse contemporary music scene with influences from various genres and
technological advancements.
National Artists for Music

Time of
Name Acknowledgment Awards Famous Songs
Antonio R. 1930s - 1970s National Artist for Triumphal March,
Buenaventura Music (1988) Echoes of the Past,
Second Symphony in
E-flat
Jose Maceda 1960s - 1980s National Artist for Ugma-ugma,
Music (1997) Pagsamba, Udlot-udlot
Lucresia R. Kasilag 1940s - 1980s National Artist for Toccata for Percussions
Music (1989) and Winds,
Divertissement,
Concertante
Ernani J. Cuenco 1950s - 1980s National Artist for Gaano Kita Kamahal,
Music (1999) Poorman's Grave,
Kundiman-Kundangan
Lucio San Pedro 1930s - 1970s National Artist for Sa Ugoy ng Duyan, In
Music (1991) the Silence of the
Night, Dance of the
Fairies
Antonio J. Molina 1920s - 1950s National Artist for Hatinggabi, Ang
Music (1973) Batingaw, Kundiman-
Kundangan
Francisco Feliciano 1970s - 1990s National Artist for Ashen Wings, Sikhay
Music (2014) sa Kabila ng Paalam,
La Loba Negra
Levi Celerio 1940s - 1990s National Artist for Alibangbang, Sa Ugoy
Literature/Music (1997) ng Duyan, Itik-Itik
Ramon P. Santos 1970s - 2010s National Artist for Ethnographic Suite,
Music (2014) Kampana sa Simbahan,
Divertissement in D
Jovita Fuentes 1920s - 1950s National Artist for La Paloma, Salve
Music (1976) Regina, Sa Kabukiran
Prominent Filipino Singers / Musicians

Famous Songs /
Singer General Information Genre Renditions
Lea Salonga Broadway legend, Musical Theater "On My Own," "Afraid
singer, actress For Love To Fade,"
"Bakit Labis Kitang
Mahal," "I Remember
The Boy"
Regine Velasquez Asia's Songbird, Pop, R&B "Kung Maibabalik Ko
actress, TV host Lang," "Love Me
Again," "Dadalhin"
Jose Mari Chan King of Filipino OPM, Ballads "Christmas In Our
Christmas Carols Hearts," "Beautiful
Girl," "A Love To Last
A Lifetime"
Gary Valenciano Mr. Pure Energy, Pop, OPM "The Warrior Is A
singer, TV personality Child," "Pasko Na, Sinta
Ko," "Kailangan Kita"
Sharon Cuneta Megastar, singer, Pop, Ballads "Bituing Walang
actress, TV host Ningning," "Mr. DJ,"
"High School Life"
Sarah Geronimo Popstar, actress, TV Pop "Tala," "Forever's Not
host, endorser Enough," "Sa Iyo"
Rachelle Ann Go Theater actress, singer Musical Theater "Part of Your World,"
various roles in musicals
Pilita Corrales Asia's Queen of Songs, Traditional, Pop "Kapantay Ay Langit,"
singer "Matud Nila," "Usahay"
Arnel Pineda Journey's lead singer, Rock, Pop Rock "Faithfully," "Sayang,"
solo artist "Iiyak Ka Rin"
Francis Magalona King of Rap, rapper, Rap, Hip-hop "Mga Kababayan,"
actor "Tayo’y Mga Pinoy,"
"Halalan"
Jaya Queen of Soul, singer, Soul, R&B "Dahil Tanging Ikaw,"
actress "Sometimes You Just
Know," "Dito Sa Puso
Ko"
Kuh Ledesma OPM Pop Chanteuse, Pop, OPM "DITO BA,"
singer Commercial jingles
Lani Misalucha Asia's Nightingale, Pop, Jazz, Soul "Ang Iibigin ay Ikaw,"
singer, performer various renditions and
covers
Bamboo Mañalac Vocal Rock Maestro, Rock, Alternative "Questions," "Tatsulok,"
singer, judge "Noypi"
Freddie Aguilar Pillar of OPM, singer- Rock, Folk "Anak," "Bayan Ko"
 songwriter
Ice Seguerra Singer, activist, Acoustic, Ballads "Pagdating ng Panahon,"
government official "Pakisabi Nalang"
Jed Madela Male Singer of the Pop, Ballads "Let Me Love You,"
Year, vocal range "The Past,"
"Forevermore"
Jake Zyrus Formerly known as Pop, R&B "Pyramid," "Louder,"
Charice, singer, actor "Diamond," "Love Even
If"
KZ Tandingan Soul Supreme, singer, Soul, Pop, R&B "Two Less Lonely
rapper People in the World,"
"Mahal Ko O Mahal
Ako," "Remember Me"
Moira Dela Torre Singer-songwriter, Pop, Ballads "Malaya," "Paubaya,"
known for emotional "Titibo-Tibo"
ballads
Kyla Queen of R&B, singer R&B, Soul "Hanggang Ngayon,"
"Human Nature," "If The
Feeling Is Gone"

Original Kinaray-a Music (OKM) Artists

o Dante Beriong
o Noel Alamis
o Sammy Rubido
o Bernie Salcedo
o Mark Andio dela Gracia
o Randy Tacogdoy
o Mark Anthony Quintela
Activity 2

Create a poem. Feel free to choose any inspiration.

PLEASE INDI MAG COPY PASTE SA INTERNET KAY MA MAN.AN KO MAN RA GYAPON. 😊

Activity 3

Please choose any songs from each category and identify the type of music and the instruments used.

National Artist in Music of the Philippines (1 song)

International Famous Bands/Singers (1 Bands/1 Solo)

Local Famous Bands/Singers (2 Bands/2 Solo)

Describe to me what kind of playlist do you usually play and how it makes you feel.

National Artist

Gaano ko ikaw kamahal – Folk Music/Ballad Accapela

Ernani Cuenco

International Music

Amnesia -5 Seconds of Summer Pop Rock Acoustic Guitar, Drums

True Colors – Justin Timberlake Pop Song Acoustic Guitar

Local Music

Tayo na lang dalawa - Pop Rock Acoustic/Electric Guitar,

Mayonnaise Drums,
Hindi tayo Pwede – The Juans Pop Song Keyboard
U.T.I - JC (Japhet) Pop/Ballad Acoustic, Keyboard
Bakit Pa Ba – Jay R Pop Keyboard

Describe the types of music are in your playlist and explain your music taste: