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28 ANSWER BOOKLET
BASIC THINKING MATH ● LEVEL 28
28
Eye Level Math Level 28 Answer Booklet Copyright 2013 by Daekyo Co., Ltd.
Eye Level is a registered trademark. All rights reserved.
Revised by Drs. David L. Haury, Terri Teal Bucci & Hea-Jin Lee, at The Ohio State University
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1단계 BTM
Basic
Basic Thinking
Thinking Math
Math
Standard Booklet
Standard Booklet Contents
Contents
Booklet
Concept
The cover page
introduces the primary
concept of the booklet.
Performance
Assessment Warm up
The back cover page reviews This page presents preliminary
the content covered in the booklet. content before introducing the core
content of the booklet.
Concept Comics Teaching Tools

The comic illustrates the history of This section develops problem solving skills
mathematics and mathematicians, and spatial sense using Teaching Tools.
or provides practical examples of
Levels 24-26: Thinking Bricks
the content covered
Levels 27-29: Thinking Pentos
in the booklet.
Levels 30-32: Thinking Cubes
1 Booklet Concept 9 15
2 Warm up
10 16
3 Main Section
4 11 17 Main Section
5 12 18
Main Section
6 Odd numbered booklet:
13 19
7 Teaching Tools
Even numbered booklet: Performance
14 20
8 Concept Comics Assessment
E-nopi-28단계 해답(Basic) 2008.6.5 10:30 AM 페이지1 MAC51 2400DPI 175LPI
Objectives
Objectives
Numbers and Arithmetic

This section covers the concept of sets and
teaches the arithmetic of sets, as well as the
concepts of integers and rational numbers.
Problems include calculations involving square roots.
Variables and Equations

Using variables, this section teaches how to
identify, solve, and apply equations and systems
of equations; and inequalities and systems of inequalities.
Relationships and Functions

This section covers functions and
coordinates and teaches how to interpret
and graph linear and quadratic functions.
Probability and Statistics

This section shows how to collect, analyze, and
graph simple statistical data, which can then be
used to find correlations. The basic properties of
probability and statistics are also introduced.
Geometry
This section covers the concepts of basic geometric
shapes and uses congruence and similarity to prove their
properties. Other topics include the properties of triangles and
the Pythagorean Theorem, as well as the properties of circles.
Measurement
This section covers angles, lengths, areas, and
volumes of figures, as well as the trigonometric
ratios of right triangles. Calculations using
approximate values are also introduced in this section.
Learning Flow
Learning Flow
Numbers and
★ Rational Numbers and Decimals
Arithmetic
★ Finding Approximate Values
★ Law of Exponents
Measurement
★ Multiplication and Division of Monomials
Level 27 ★ Addition and Subtraction of Polynomials
★ Multiplication and Division of Polynomials
★ Conversion of Equations
★ Linear Equations with Two Variables
Variables and
★ Systems of Equations ①
Equations
★ Systems of Equations ②
★ Properties of Inequality
Level 28 ★ Linear Inequalities
★ Systems of Inequalities
Relationships
★ Linear Functions and Their Graphs and Functions
★ Possible outcomes
Probability
and Statistics
★ Calculation of Probability
★ Statements
★ Proofs
★ Properties of Isosceles Triangles
★ Congruence of Right Triangles
Level 29 ★ Circumcenter and Incenter of a Triangle
Geometry
★ Properties of Parallelograms
★ Types of Quadrilaterals
★ Similar Figures
★ Triangles and Parallel Lines
★ Applications of Similarity
ath
inking M
Basic Th
TS
CONTEN
Level 28
Page
Booklet
Number
Topic Contents Category
Solve each system of equations.

x＋8y 3x－y
{
y＝－4x＋5
{ y＝－7x－4
－＝5
6 2
1
4x－y 2x－3y
－＝25
3 4
2x－y x－3y
0.1x－0.4y＝0.9
{ 0.4x－0.1y＝－0.3 3
＝
4
＝2
5
2 There are 48 students in Harry’s class. 6 of the male students
1
and of the female students have computers. If the students
3
Systems of that have computers are
5
of the total number of students, how
8
Equations
many male and female students are there in Harry’s class?
②

3
If the number of solutions to the system of equations { ax＋7y＝－3
－9x－14y＝－b
is infinite, find the value of a＋b.
If a solution to the system of equations { 8－4x＋xay ＝2

＋5y＝6
does not
exist, find the value of 3a.
A 6% salt water solution and a 12% salt water solution are mixed
4
to make 480g of 8% salt water. How much of each salt water
solution have to be mixed?
Let x represent an element of the set {－1, 0, 1, 2}. Find the

values of x that make the inequality 5－4x≥2 true.
Find the range of x－4 where 2<x<5.

Properties
5 of
Inequality
For the range of 2a where 3<a<5, fill in the boxes.
Find the range of a, where －3<－3a<9.

Booklet Topic Contents Category
Solve the inequality using transposition of terms and graph the

solution on a number line.
－4x＋6<10
6
－4 －3 －2 －1 0 1 2 3
Solve each inequality.

1
3x－5>2x－7 x ＋1 <－ 1
2 3 6
1
0.5x－8≥7 t－0.07>0.13
5
Linear 8cm
7 Parallelogram ABCD on the right has A D
Inequalities
a base of 8cm(AD=8cm). Supposing
xcm
its area is no more than 48cm2, what
is its maximum height?

E C
B
The solution to (4－a)x>a is x<－2. Find the value of a by

filling in the boxes.
8 Kathy rode her bike 40km. She first rode at a speed of 7km/h,
but she got tired and went at a speed of 5km/h for the rest of
the way. If it took no more than 7 hours overall, then what was the
shortest possible distance she could have ridden at 7km/h?
Solve each system of inequalities.
{ x3＋2<5
x≤4x＋2 { 50.04
x＋1≥3x－5
x－0.15<0.09x＋0.25
9
x－5≥7 …①.
There is no solution for the system of inequalities { 3x≥2 x－a …②
Systems Find the range of a and fill in the box.
of
Inequalities The solution of the system of inequalities a≤7x－2<b is
－1≤x<2. Find the value of a＋b.
10 A 240g solution of sugar water has a concentration of 8%. To

increase the sugar water concentration to at least 15% and at
most 18%, what is the minimum amount of water in grams that
should be evaporated?
Below are functions where the domain and codomain are the set
of all numbers. Find all linear functions.
11 ① y＝5x－3 ② y＝x2－5x＋2
③ y＝x(x－1) ④ y＝x－1
4 1
⑤ y＝ ⑥ y＝4－ x
x 2
Relationships and Functions

Find the x-intercept and y-intercept of the graph of y＝－4x＋5.
12
Linear
A graph of y＝ax＋b is shown on the right. y
Functions Suppose this graph is parallel to the straight
and Their line given by kx－4y＋2＝0. Find the value
2
Graphs of k. x
－3 O
13
5
Write an equation of the line with x-intercept 2 and y-intercept － .
3
The graph on the right is of the y

system of equations
x－3y＝a .
14 {bx＋2y＝5 －3
1
O 3 5
x
Find the value of a－b.
Find the number of possible outcomes

15 when two coins and a die are thrown
simultaneously.
Possible
Outcomes According to the picture shown on
I J
the right, how many routes with H
the shortest possible distance are D

E F
G
16 there from the Kyle’s house to the C
A B
school?
Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
1
1 2 Warm up
x＝1
33
x＝ (3.3)
10
Systems of Equations
k＝18
8-5
x＝35, y＝ 135 (67.5)

2
3 4
3, x＝－9, y＝－2 x＝8, y＝3 x＝－2, y＝7
－3,
1,
3, 1
u＝0, v＝3 x＝3, y＝－7
x＝－3, y＝－2 x＝1, y＝1
5 6
x＝1, y＝1 x＝6, y＝17 －3, x＝－1, y＝－6
6,
1,
－3, 1
x＝2, y＝4 x＝46, y＝15
x＝2, y＝2 x＝3, y＝4
1 Systems of Equations 8-5

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
1
7 8
－4,
16,
32 tons
15,
－4, 15,
3x＋2y＝32
15,
－4,
2x＋3y＝28
15
Large truck: 8 tons,

x＝－2, y＝－13 Small truck: 4 tons
`－3y＝－4x＋3
Trucks: 6, Cars: 11
…… ①

 `3y＝2x＋3
…… ② Number of water barrels carried by
If you multiply by －1 on both trucks: x
sides of ①, Number of water barrels carried by
3y＝4x－3 …… ③ cars: y
If ③－②,  2x＋5y＝67 …… ①

0＝2x－6 ∴ x＝3  3x＋4y＝62
…… ②
If you substitute x＝3 into ②, y＝3 If ①×3－②×2, y＝11.
∴ x＝3, y＝3 If you substitute y＝11 into ①, x＝6.
Therefore, the number of water barrels
If you substitute x and y into ①,
carried by trucks is 6 and the number
(Left side)＝－3×3＝－9
of water barrels carried by cars is 11.
(Right side)＝－4×3＋3＝－9
p＝－7, q＝18
9 10
x＝－29, y＝－12 x＝1, y＝2
x＝11, y＝24 x＝1, y＝－10
x＝－12, y＝－4 x＝－ 7 (－3.5), y＝4

2
x＝ 1 (0.25), y＝10 x＝1, y＝ 3

4 7
Systems of Equations 8-5 2

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
1
11 12
x＝－3, y＝17 x＝－11, y＝－ 18
x＝－2, y＝－ 17
5
(－3.4)
x＝2, y＝27
s＝－1, t＝－3 x＝7, y＝ 5

3
x＝2, y＝2 x＝4, y＝9
13 14
Answers may vary. Answers may vary.
15 16
y－7＝4(x－7), x－y＝56
y＋9＝2(x＋9),
15 x＋14＝3( y＋14)
Grandfather’
s age: 70
Bill’
s grandmother’
s age: 68 Jason’
s age: 14
Bill’
s age: 15
If grandmother’s age is x and Bill’s age
is y,
x＝4y＋8 …… ①
x＋2＝5y－5 …… ②
If you solve ① and ② simultaneously,
x＝68 and y＝15.
Therefore, grandmother’s age is 68 and
Bill’s age is 15.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
1
17 18
x＋y＝1200 x＋y＝500
－0.1x, 0.07x
0.2y
0.09y
1.02, 1224
Since 2% of the total number of employ- 0.07x＋0.09y＝41
ees increased, multiply 1.02
(from 1＋0.02＝1.02) by 1200, Chris: $200, Dan: $300
the number of employees last year.  x＋y＝500

Then, 1224 (from 1200×1.02＝1224)  0.07x＋0.09y＝41
is the number of employees this year. If you solve two equations simultaneously,
x＝200, y＝300
648 Therefore, there is $200 in Chris’s
savings and $300 in Dan’s savings.
 x＋y＝1200 …… ①

－0.1x＋0.2y＝24
…… ②
If ②×10, －x＋2y＝240 …… ③
If ①＋③, y＝480.
If you substitute y＝480 into ①,
x＝720.
Since 720 is the number of male employ-
ees last year, the number of male employ-
ees this year is 720×(1－0.1)＝648.
If ①＋②,
0.9x＋1.2y＝1224 …… ③
Solving ① and ③ simultaneously gives
the same result.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
1
19 20 Performance Assessment
x＋y＝450
x＝－5, y＝1
0.08x x×0.08
x＝2, y＝－ 11
↑ ↑
Principal rate (－2.75)
4
0.2y y×0.2
↑ ↑
Principal rate
0.08x＋0.2y＝43.50 Male students: 376,

Female students: 1133
Supposing the number of male students
$387.5,
last year is x and the number of female
$62.5
students last year is y,
 x＋y＝1500 …… ①

 －0.06x＋0.03y＝9
…… ②
If you solve the two equations simulta-
neously, x＝400, y＝1100.
Therefore, the number of male students
this year is 400×(1－0.06)＝376.
The number of female students this
year is 1100×(1＋0.03)＝1133.
If ①＋②,
0.94x＋1.03y＝1509 …… ③
Solving ① and ③ simultaneously gives
the same results.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
2
1 2 Warm up
5
x＝ 12
y＝－10
8-6 k＝4
x＝－3, y＝－2
3 4
－4, －2 x＝－7, y＝ 13 x＝－2, y＝0 x＝2, y＝－3

3
x＝0, y＝1 x＝2, y＝3 x＝1, y＝1 x＝12, y＝8
5 6
－2, 9, －3 x＝16, y＝2
－2,
－10,
x＝2, y＝－8 x＝12, y＝－6
－2, －10,
－2, －10
3 1
 4 s－t＝－ 2 …… ①

 2s－ 1 t＝3
2 …… ②
If ①×4, 3s－4t＝－2 …… ③
If ②×2, 4s－t＝6 …… ④
If ④×4－③, s=2.
If you substitute s=2 into ③,
t=2.
∴ s=2, t=2
If you substitute the values of s

and t into ①,
3 1
(Left side)＝ ×2－2＝－
4 2
1
(Right side)＝－
2

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
2
7 8
39, 2
x＋y＝49
x＝－ 74
3
, y＝－
80
3 3
4
x＋ 23 y
5
49×
7
Male students: 28,
Female students: 21
Male students: 28,

Female students: 20
Supposing the number of male students is
x and the number of female students is y,
 x＋y＝48

 5 x＋ 1 y＝48× 5
6 3 8
If you solve the two equations simultane-
ously, x＝28 and y＝20.
Therefore, the number of male students is
28, and the number of female students is
20.
9 10
x＝21, y＝18 x＝10, y＝12
x＝44, y＝－56 x＝ 14 , y＝－ 1

11 11
11 12
2, －1 x＝－ 75 (－1.4), y＝－ 13
5
(－2.6)
x＝7, y＝5 x＝3, y＝1
x＝－3, y＝14 x＝4, y＝23
x＝－4, y＝－7 x＝1, y＝－1

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
2
15 16
Distance, Time, Distance 60x
Time, 180x
6, 1800
7minutes
Distance, 280, 40
17 18
x, y, x
,
x y 30
, ,
6 4 x
,
40
12, 12
x x
, ,
30 30
x x
, ,
40 40
30
x
4
x＝8, y＝4
y
6 x＝0, y＝－3
x＋5
90km
x＝ 62
5
(12.4), y＝
87
5
(17.4) House
90km/h
City P
60km/h
City R
x y
270km
When the distance from the house to city P is x,

and the distance from city P to city R is y,
x＋y＝270 …… ①
x
Time taken going from the house to city P is 90 .
y
Time taken going from city P to city R is .
60
x y
＋＝4 …… ②
90 60
If you solve ① and ② simultaneously, x＝90
and y＝180.
Therefore, the distance from Christine’s house
to city P is 90km.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
3
1 2 Warm up
x＝1
There is an infinite number of solutions.

8-7 There is no solution.
x＝9, y＝－3
3 4
3, 9, x＝－6, y＝－4 2, 4, There is an infinite
3, 9, 2, 4, number of solutions.
0 0,
0
x＝6, y＝4 There is an infinite x＝－49, y＝－36 There is no

number of solutions. solution.
5 6
2b, 6,
6, 2b, 6,
5 8
－6, －
2 3
6 8
a＝－
7
 5x－2ay＝－3 …… ①

 －3x＋4y＝b
…… ②  4x－ay＝1 …… ①

 7x＋2y＝5
Since this system of equations has an …… ②
infinite number of solutions, ① and ② If ①×7, 28x－7ay＝7 …… ③
have to be equal. If ②×4, 28x＋8y＝20 …… ④
If ①×(－3), －15x＋6ay＝9 If ③－④,
If ②×5, －15x＋20y＝5b －(7a＋8)y＝－13
10 －(7a＋8)y＝13
6a＝20 ∴ a＝
3
Since the value of a has to be found
9 when there is no solution,
9＝5b ∴ b＝ 5
8
7a＋8＝0 ∴ a＝－ 7
10 9
∴ ab＝ × ＝6
3 5

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
3
7 8
3 1 1
－
2 6 , 10
Since the system of equations has an

x y
infinite number of solutions, the two 6
,
10
equations have to be equal.

ax＋7y＝－3 …… ① x y
 ＋＝1
 －9x－14y＝－b …… ② 6 10
If ①×(－2), －2ax－14y＝6 …… ③
From ② and ③,
9 x＋y＝8
－9＝－2a ∴ a＝ 2
－b＝6 ∴ b＝－6
9 3
∴ a＋b＝－6＝－ Kate: 3 days, Susan: 5 days
2 2
－30
Since there is no solution,

 8x＋ay＝2 …… ①

－4x＋5y＝6
…… ②
If ②×(－2), 8x－10y＝－12 …… ③
From ① and ③, a＝－10
∴ 3a＝3×(－10)＝－30

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
3
9 10
－9, 13,
－9, －2,
－9, －2,
－3, －2, －2,
－9, －3 －2,
－2
x＝2, y＝4
x＝4, y＝2
x＝5, y＝2
 x＋y＝－1 …… ①

 －2x＝－3(y＋1)
63 …… ②
x＝ (12.6), y＝21 From ②, 2x－3y＝3
5 …… ③
If ①×2－③, y＝－1.
If you substitute y＝－1 into ①, x＝0.
∴ x＝0, y＝－1
If you substitute the values of x
and y into ①,
(Left side)＝0－1＝－1
(Right side)＝－1
x＝2, y＝4
11 12
x＝－4, y＝－8 x＝128, y＝73
x＝3, y＝5 x＝－ 18

11
, y＝－
53
11
x＝4, y＝－2 x＝－ 29 , y＝ 13
x＝－4, y＝－6 x＝2, y＝9

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
3
13 14
15 16
x＋1700, 1600m
x＋2100,
1600m
x＋1700, x＋2100,
800y,
300,
1600
20
9m/s, 7m/s
17 18
x－y 6km/h, 20km
Supposing the speed of the boat without

x＋y a current is x km/h and the distance
from A to B is ykm, the speed traveling
x＋y, with the stream is (x＋2)km/h and the
13 3 speed going against the stream is
, ,
4 4 (x－4)km/h.
13 3 From Distance = Time × speed,
,
4 4
 y＝2.5×(x＋2) …… ①

 y＝10×(x－4)
…… ②
x＝6 and y＝20.
Therefore, the speed of the boat
without a current is 6km/h and the
distance from A to B is 20km.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
3
10km/h 0
Suppose the speed of Jenny walking is
xkm/h and the speed of the bus is
ykm/h.
From the house to the town: m＝－3
5x＋y＝130 …… ①
From the town back to the house:
x＋ 32 y＝130 …… ②
Train’
s length: 800m,
x＝10 and y＝80.
Speed: 20m/s
Therefore, Jenny’s walking speed is
10km/h. If the length of the train is x m and its
speed is ym/s,
(train’s length + bridge’s length)
y＝ x＋2000
140 …… ①
(2 minutes 20 seconds=140 seconds)
(train’s length + tunnel’s length)
y＝ x＋600 …… ②
70
(1 minute 10 seconds=70 seconds)

x＝800 and y＝20.
Therefore, the length of the train is
800m and its speed is 20m/s.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
4
1 2 Warm up
x＝－ 23
There is no solution.
8-8 y＝0
x＝2, y＝3
3 4
x＝－2, y＝－6 x＝21, y＝15
x＝－2, y＝－6 x＝2, y＝3
x＝－2, y＝－6 x＝ 26 (5.2), y＝

64
(12.8)
5 5
5 6
x＝－ 10
23
, y＝－
39
23
x＝2, y＝－2
x＝ 13 , y＝ 12 (0.5) x＝－6, y＝－9
x＝2, y＝0 x＝－22, y＝－10

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
4
7 8
2, 2,
2, y＝3x＋50
2,
2, 0 y＝4(x－50)
x＝ 11
5
(2.2), y＝－
12
5
(－2.4)
250
From the given system of equations,
supposing 3x－y＝A and x－2y＝B, 800
4A－5B＝1 …… ①
－2A＋3B＝3 …… ②
If ②×2, －4A＋6B＝6 …… ③ Number of benches: 49,
If ①＋③, B＝7.
Number of students: 234
If you substitute B＝7 into ①, A＝9.
If the number of benches is x and the
Change A into 3 x － y again in A＝ 9
and then number of students is y,
3x－y＝9 …… ④  y＝4x＋38 …… ①

Change B into x－2y again in B＝7  y＝6(x－10)
…… ②
and then If you solve ① and ② simultaneously,
x－2y＝7 …… ⑤ x＝49 and y＝234.
If you solve ④ and ⑤ simultaneously, Therefore, the number of benches is 49
x＝ 11
, y＝－ 12 and the number of students is 234.
5 5
9 10
7 4 2, －3,
x＝－ 10 (－0.7), y＝－ (－0.8)
5 2, －3,
1 1
,－
2 3
x＝－ 37
3
, y＝－
5
3
x＝ 12 (0.5), y＝1
From the given system of equations,
1 1
suppose ＝A and ＝B.
x y
 －A＋6B＝4 …… ①

 4A－3B＝5
…… ②
A＝2 and B＝1.
1 1 1
Namely, ＝2, ＝1 ∴ x＝ , y＝1
x y 2

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
4
11 12
x＝－ 13 , y＝－ 16 x＝－ 12 (－0.5), y＝－ 15 (－0.2)
x＝ 16 , y＝－1 1
x＝ 15 1
, y＝－ (－0.2)
5
15 16
30 x, y
30 0.1×280 or 28
7% salt water: 160g,

225g
14% salt water: 120g
17 18
3xg Concentration of salt water A: 16%
Concentration of salt water B: 28%
0.06x＋0.09y＝0.05×180 When the concentration of salt water A is
or 2x＋3y＝300 x% and the concentration of salt water B
is y%,
3x,
0.01x×400＋0.01y×200＝0.2×(400＋200)

3x, 180 0.01x×500＋0.01y×500＝0.22×(500＋500)
When the equations are simplified,
72g
 2x＋y＝60 …… ①

2x＋3y＝300 …… ①  x＋y＝44 …… ②

4x＋y＝180 If you solve ① and ② simultaneously,
…… ②
If you solve ① and ② simultaneously, x＝16 and y＝28.
x＝24 and y＝84. Therefore, the concentration of salt water
Therefore, the amount of water added A is 16% and the concentration of salt
is 3×24＝72(g). water B is 28%.
0.2x＋0.3y＝0.25×400
or 2x＋3y＝1000
x＝9, y＝ 32
5
(6.4)
0.15x＋0.1y＝0.12×500
or 3x＋2y＝1200 x＝ 12 (0.5), y＝－ 15 (－0.2)
Amount of salt water A: 320g 6% salt water: 320g

Amount of salt water B: 120g 12% salt water: 160g

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
5
1 2 Warm up
－2<0<＋1
－3<＋4<＋6
－5<0<＋1
－7<－5<－3
Properties of Inequality
x>5
x<－2
y≤4
3 4
3a－5>4
10, ＝, 10
4a＋2b≤30
－5, <, 5
－2x<3x－6
10, >, －9
x－3≥7
－7, >, －8
②, ③, ⑥
17 Properties of Inequality
Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
5
5 6
①, ③, ④ ③, ⑥
－1, 0 ③, ④, ⑤
Substituting －1, 0, 1, and 2 for x in
the given inequality in order,
5－4×(－1)≥2 (True)
5－4×0≥2 (True)
5－4×1≥2 (False)
5－4×2≥2 (False)
Therefore, the values of x that make
the given inequality true are －1 and 0.
1, 2
7 8
3, 4 0, 1, 2
Substituting 1, 2, 3, and 4 for x in the Substituting －2, －1, 0, 1, and 2 for x
given inequality in order, in the given inequality in order,
2×1－5>－1 (False) 2×(－2)－1>－3 (False)
2×2－5>－1 (False) 2×(－1)－1>－3 (False)
2×3－5>－1 (True) 2×0－1>－3 (True)
2×4－5>－1 (True) 2×1－1>－3 (True)
Therefore, the values of x that make 2×2－1>－3 (True)
the given inequality true are 3 and 4. Therefore, the values of x that make the
given inequality true are 0, 1, and 2.
－3
0, 1, 2, 3
Properties of Inequality 18
Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
5
9 10
2, 2,
7, >, 5 1, 5
3, >, 1
－2< x－4<1
Subtracting 4 from each side of
2<x<5,
2－4<x－4<5－4
－2<x－4<1
> >
> >
－2<k<3
> > －2＋1<k＋1<3＋1
－1<k＋1<4
11 12
2, 2,
4, <, 12 6, 10
1, <, 3
x
－1< <1
4
< < －5<k<3

(－5)×3<3k<3×3
< < －15<3k<9
Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
5
13 14
15 16
>, >,
－9, >, －27 >, >,

<, <
－1, >, －3
－3<a<1
Dividing each side of －3<－3a<9 by
> > －3,
－3÷(－3)>－3a÷(－3)>9÷(－3)
> > 1>a>－3
∴ －3<a<1
x
－2< <3
2
x
－2×(－2)> ×(－2)>3×(－2)
2
4>－x>－6
∴ －6<－x<4
Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
5
17 18
< > －4≤3x＋2<17
Multiplying each side of －2≤x<5 by 3,

< >
－2×3≤x×3<5×3
－6≤3x<15
< >
Adding 2 to each side,
－6＋2≤3x＋2<15＋2
< >
－4≤3x＋2<17
> >
－1<－2a＋5<7
Multiplying each side of －1<a<3
by －2,
－1×(－2)>a×(－2)>3×(－2)
－6<－2a<2
－6＋5<－2a＋5<2＋5
－1<－2a＋5<7
k
－1<－＋2<1
4
Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
5
－3≤a<5 －2<k＋3<9
－3×5≤5a<5×5
Adding 3 to each side of －5<k<6,
－15－2≤5a－2<25－2
－5＋3<k＋3<6＋3
－17≤5a－2<23
－2<k＋3<9
1<x<4 －42<－m<－24
1×(－3)>－3x>4×(－3)
m
－3＋7>－3x＋7>－12＋7 Multiplying each side of 4< <7 by 6,
6
－5<－3x＋7<4 4×6<m<7×6
24<m<42
Multiplying each side by －1,
24×(－1)>－m>42×(－1)
－42<－m<－24
2<k<8
 13 k  13
2× －  >－ >8× － 
 2 2  2
k
－1＋3>－＋3>－4＋3 10 p 4
2 － <－－2<－
3 3 3
k
－1<－＋3<2
2 Multiplying each side of －2<p<4 by
1
－ ,
3
 13 p  13
 3 )>－ 3 >4×(－
－2×(－  3 )
   
4 p 2
－ <－ <
3 3 3
Subtracting 2 from each side,
4 p 2
－－2<－－2< －2
3 3 3
10 p 4
－ <－－2<－
3 3 3
Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
6
1 2 Warm up
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
－10 －9 －8 －7 －6 －5 －4 －3 －2 －1 0
Linear Inequalities
3-1
－7 －6 －5 －4 －3 －2 －1 0 1 2 3
－4 －3 －2 －1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
－5 －4 －3 －2 －1 0 1 2 3 4 5
3 4
x＋4>－2 －y＋2≤－1 －2x＋5>－1
x>－2－4 －y≤－1－2 －2x>－1－5
x>－6 －y≤－3 －2x>－6
－y≥3 －2x<3
2x－5≥9 －2x＋3<－3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2x≥9＋5 －2x<－3－3
2x≥14 －2x<－6 x
－2≤－1
2x≥7 －2x>3 4
x
1 1 ≤－1＋2
2
x－9≤3 －
3
x－4<5 4
x
1 1 ≤1
2
x≤3＋9 －
3
x<5＋4 4
x≤4
1 1
2
x≤12 －
3
x<9
x≤24 x>－27 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
23 Linear Inequalities 3-1

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
6
5 6
x>0 x<2
2x－3>－3
2x>－3＋3 －2 －1 0 1 2 3 4 5
2x>0
2x>0
x<－ 2
3
－2 －1 0 1 2 3 4 5
4 2 1 1 2
－－1 －－ 0 1
3 3 3 3 3
x>－1
x≥15
－4 －3 －2 －1 0 1 2 3
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
x≤10
x≥20
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
x≤25
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
7 8
④, ⑤ x≥3 x≥－2
3x≥9
Dividing each side by 3,
3x÷3≥9÷3
3x÷x≥3
2 x>5 x>4 x<1
x>7 x≥－3
Linear Inequalities 3-1 24

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
6
9 10
x<5 x≤－3
2x<10
Dividing each side by 2, －6 －5 －4 －3 －2 －1 0 1
2x÷2<10÷2
3x÷x<5
x>4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
x≥－3
x>6
－5 －4 －3 －2 －1 0 1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
x>2
x≤5
－1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
x≤－4
－7 －6 －5 －4 －3 －2 －1 0
11 12
x>－2 x≤－1 x<10 z≥－1
3x－5>2x－7
3x－2x>－7＋5 x≤3 x<－4
3x÷3x>－2
x>2 x≥3
x<3 y≤－5
x>4 x≤6

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
6
15 16
x≥－3 x<3 x<3 x>7
－x－7≤5x＋11
－x－5x≤11＋7 x≥4 q≤－1
－6x≤18
－6x≥－3 x≥－14 x<12
p<－5 x> 13
x<－3 x≥1
17 18
x≥－5 x>－ 13 1
x< 25 x>4
x>0 x>15 x<1 x≥7
m> 12 x>－ 54 x≤3 n≤4
x>15 a<－4
x>2
x>1 x≤1
x≥ 12 x≤－2 －2 －1 0 1 2 3 4
x≥10
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
x≥3
x>－ 43

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
7
1 2 Warm up
x＝－2
x＝－4
Linear Inequalities
3-2 y＝5
y＝－2
3 4
4 x<－1 3x－1>2x＋4
3x－2x>4＋1
x<－3 y≤2 x>5
x>－5 x≥－1 －5x＋3≥－3x－7

－5x＋3x≥－7－3
－2x≥－10
x≤5
－2x＋7<2x－9
－2x－2x<－9－7
－4x<－16
x>4
5 6
x<2 x≥－2 x>－5 x≤－5
3(x＋2)<12
3x＋6<12 x≤－3 t<5
3x<12－6
3x<6 x<－3 x≤6
3x<2
x<2 t>3
x≤2 x>4

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
7
7 8
3(x＋3)<－6
3x＋9<－6
3x－7
3x<－6－9
3x<－15
3x<－5
5x＋3
－2(x－7)≤3x－11
3x－7<5x＋3
－2x＋14≤3x－11
－2x－3x≤－11－14
－5x≤－25
x>－5
－5x≥5
－7 －6 －5 －4 －3 －2
－5(x－2)≥－9(x＋2)
－4
－5x＋10≥－9x－18
－5x＋9x≥－18－10
－4x≥－28
－5x≥－7
18
5x－22<3x＋15
5x－3x<15＋22
2x<37
3x<18.5
15 16 17 18 18.5 19 20
Since x is the largest natural number

satisfying the given condition, x is18.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
7
9 10
x≥3 x<－1 5
x>10 x≤ 6
1
3
x＋1≥2
Multiplying each side by 3,
x< 4 y≥9
3
x＋3≥6
x≥6－3
x≤－ 54 x>14
x≥3
x≤10 x>1
x>12 x≤2
11 12
x>4 x≤5 x≥30 t>1
0.2x＋0.3>1.1
Multiplying each side by 10, x<15 t≤40
2x＋3>11
2x>11－3
x>－5 x<4
2x>8
2x>4
x≥－3 x≤6
x>1 x>5
13 14

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
7
15 16
ⓐ $4.50
ⓑ $0.60x
(1－0.2)x－80 4.50, 0.60x, 9

4.50＋0.60x<10
$12 450＋60x<1000
15 60x<1000－450
80× ＝12
100 60x<550
550
60x<
0.8x－80≥12 60
60x <9.16 …
$115
0.8x－80≥12
0.8x≥12＋80
0.8x≥92
8
0.8x≥115
1.00×12＋0.90x≤20
12＋0.90x≤20
120＋9x≤200
9x≤80
80
$64 x≤ 9
If x represents the original price, the Therefore, he can buy eight ballpoint
sales price is (1－0.25)x. pens.
Therefore, the lowest original price is
0.75x－40≥40×0.2
0.75x≥8＋40
0.75x≥48
0.75x≥64

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
7
17 18
x>2
Ryan: ⓐ, Simon: ⓑ For any triangle, the sum of the lengths
of two sides should be longer than the
ⓓ length of the longest side.
x＋(x＋3)>x＋5
20＋x<15＋1.50x,11 2x＋3>x＋5
20＋x<15＋1.50x 2x－x>5－3
－0.50x<－5 2x－x>2
x>10
After 11 weeks 14,

14, 14,
30＋1.50x<25＋2x
14
－0.50x<－5
x>10
20,
20, 20, x≤1
20
t<－1
6cm 24
m≥ 7
Since
Area of a parallelogram k≥－ 13
＝Base×Height,
8×x≤48
8 8x≤48
The height is at least 16cm.
8×x≤6 Area of a triangle＝Base×Height÷2
9×x÷2≥72
9x≥144
9x≥16

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
8
1 2 Warm up
x>－3
x≥20
Linear Inequalities
3-3 x>7
x≤－4
3 4
x≥1 2x－12<5x＋6
2x－5x<6＋12
－3x<18
x≤－9 －3x>－6
x>10 4(2x－1)<10x－12
8x－4<10x－12
8x－10x<－12＋4
x≥9 －2x<－8
－2x>4
x－4 3x－11
≥
2 5
5(x－4)≥2(3x－11)
5x－20≥6x－22
5x－6x≥－22＋20
－x≥－2
－x≤2

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
8
5 6
x>6 x≤5 1
x－ 23 < 23 x－1
2
3x－4<4x－6
3x－4x<－6＋4
x≤－ 25 x<20
－x<－2
－x>2
x>8 x≤2
3(x＋3)≥－2(－2x＋3)
3x＋9≥4x－6
3x－4x≥－6－9
－x≥－15
－x≤15
0.05x－0.07>0.07x＋0.17
5x－7>7x＋17
5x－7x>17＋7
－2x>24
－2x<－12

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
8
7 8
x<5 x<－ 37
10
80＋92＋x
31 80＋92＋x ≥90
x≥ 100 x<－11
3
98 or more
x≤－3 x≤6 80＋92＋x
≥90
3
172＋x≥270
9x≥270－172
9x≥98
88 or more
84＋76＋x＋96
≥86
4
256＋x≥344
9x≥344－256
9x≥88
9 10
x<7 x≤35 －5, 15,
－13, 7,
20
x≤23 x>3
－6
x<－6 x≤4
Multiplying each side of 2<x<4 by －3,
2×(－3)>－3x>4×(－3)
－12<－3x<－6
－12＋10<－3x＋10<－6＋10
－2<－3x＋10<4
Therefore, a＝－2 and b＝4.
∴ a－b＝－2－4＝－6

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
8
11 12
<, －2<x<3
8, －2×(－2)>x×(－2)>3×(－2)
8, －6<－2x<4
8 －6＋5<－2x＋5<4＋5
－1<－2x＋5<9
∴ a＝－1, b＝9
a＝－2
3ax＋5<－7
－53ax<－12 a＝ 2
3
－53ax<－4
ax－5>－2x＋3
Since the solution of ax<－4 should
ax＋2x>3＋5
correspond with x>2, a<0.
Since the solution of (a＋2)x>8
4
Solving ax<－4, x>－ ,
a corresponds with x>3, a＋2>0.
4 So, a>－2.
－＝2 ∴ a＝－2
a Solving (a＋2)x>8, x> 8
,
Therefore, a＝－2 satisfies the condi- a＋2
8
＝3
tion a<0. a＋2
8＝3a＋6
2＝3a
2
a＝ 3
2
Therefore, a＝ satisfies the condition
3
a>－2.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
8
15 16
ⓑ, ⓐ, ⓒ, ⓓ 7.5km
If she hiked x km up and down the

mountain, the ascending time is x and
3
the descending time is x .
5
x x
＋ ≤4
3 5
5x＋3x≤4×15
8x≤60
15
x≤ 2
x≤7.5
17.5km
x 40－x
＋ ≤7
7 5
5x＋7(40－x)≤7×35
5x＋280－7x≤245
－2x≤－35
－2x≥17.5
17 18
x
3
,
19.2g
1 8 480
, 240× ＝＝19.2(g)
4 100 25
≤, 240－x, 48,
≤, 48
11
4
The amount of water to be added
320g
40
800× ＝320(g)
100
800＋x, 480,
480

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
8
6.5, 12,
62.5 35
x≤ 4
x>－ 12
200g
Amount of sugar: k＝10

800×0.25＝200(g)
Since the solution of (5－k)x≥k
200＋x
×100≥40 satisfies x≤－2, 5－k<0, k>5.
800＋x
Also, solving (5－k)x≥k,
20,000＋100x≥32,000＋40x
k
20,000＋160x≥12,000 then x≤ .
5－k
20,000＋160x≥200
k
＝－2 ∴ k＝10
5－k
Therefore, k＝10 satisfies the condition
k>5.
8kg
Amount of sugar:
8000×0.4＝3200(g)
Supposing the amount of water to be
added is xg,
3200
×100≤20
8000＋x
320,000≤160,000＋20x
20x≥160,000
20x≥8000
Therefore, 8000g of water, namely, at
least 8kg of water should be added.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
9
1 2 Warm up
x＝－3
x＝－5, y＝3
Systems of Inequalities
2-1
x≤－3
x>－2
3 4
4
－1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
－2 －1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 1<x≤5
x<3
－3 －2 －1 0 1 2 3 4 5
x>3
－2 －1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
x>4
There are no values of x that
satisfy the two inequalities
simultaneously.
5 6
x>1 9,
x≤3 3,
－1,
－5 －4 －3 －2 －1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
－3 －2 －1 0 1 2 3 4 5
－1, 3
1<x≤3
x≤3
Systems of Inequalities 2-1 38

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
9
7 8
－2≤x<3 4
Suppose the integer is x.

x>－3
From 32<4(x＋5)<40,
 32<4(x＋5) …… ①
x<3 
 4(x＋5)<40
…… ②
3<x<5
Therefore, the integer is 4.
x, x＋1, x＋2, x＋3
12
52≤4x＋6≤58
46≤4x≤52
23
2
≤x≤13
11.5≤x≤13
∴ x＝12, 13
Therefore, the lowest natural number
satisfying the condition is 12.
19, 21, 23 or 21, 23, 25
Supposing the three consecutive odd

numbers are 2x－1, 2x＋1, and 2x＋3,
60<6x＋3<70
57<6x<67
57 67
<x<
6 6
9.5< x <11.166 …
∴ x＝10, 11
• For x＝10: 19, 21, and 23
• For x＝11: 21, 23, and 25
39 Systems of Inequalities 2-1

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
9
9 10
x≥4 4,
4,
x＝4 －1
－1<x≤7 a＝3
 x－3≤2a …… ①

 4x＋7>－17
…… ②
From ①, x≤2a＋3 …… ③
From ②, x>－6 …… ④
From ③ and ④, －6<x≤2a＋3
Since the solution is －6<x≤9,
2a＋3＝9 ∴ a＝3
11 12
< －20
a＋6
From ①, x> …… ③
2
a≥5 From ②, x≤－
b＋3
3 …… ④
5x－11≤14 …… ① a＋6 b＋3
 From ③ and ④, <x ≤－
4x>3x＋a
…… ② 2 3
From ①, x≤5 Since the solution is －1<x≤3,
From ②, x>a a＋6
＝－1 ∴ a＝－8
2
b＋3
－
3
＝3 ∴ b＝－12
∴ a＋b＝－20
5 a
∴ a≥5
a≤9
From ①, x>3 …… ③
a
From ②, x< ④
3 ……
From ③ and ④, 3<x<
a
3
a
≤3 ∴ a≤9
3

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
9
13 14
15 16
x＋20≥35, 15,
1.10x＋0.60(11－x)≤11 1.50x＋1.20×20≤51, 18,
15, 18,
x>11－x 15,
8 18
If you solve and simultaneously,
11
<x≤8.8
2 At least 25L and at most 40L
Therefore, 8 servings are the maximum
number of cheeseburgers that can be If we buy x liters of milk from Jake’s
bought. Dairy,
 30＋x≥55 …… ①
13, 14, 15 
 0.80×30＋0.90×x≤60
…… ②
If we buy x of the 30￠popsicles, that If you solve ① and ② simultaneously,
means we buy (20－x) of the 40￠
25≤x≤40.
popsicles.
Therefore, we have to buy at least 25L
So, from
and at most 40L of milk from Jake’s
6.50≤0.30x＋0.40(20－x)≤6.70
Dairy.
6.50≤－0.10x＋8 …… ①

－0.10x＋8≤6.70
…… ②
13≤x≤15
Therefore, we have to buy 13-15 of the
30￠ popsicles.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
9
17 18
the number of cousins
ⓑ 0
ⓒ
0
ⓐ
6
45
Suppose the number of students is x,

30×4＋(x－30)×5<200 …… ①
20×4＋(x－20)×5>200 …… ②
44<x<46 ∴ x＝45
Therefore, there are 45 students in this
class.
2x＋5 －5<x≤3
19 3<x<5
3(x－5)<2x＋5≤3(x－4)
↑ ↑
When there are three When there are three
students to a bench, 5
benches remain empty.
students to a bench, 4
benches remain empty.
a＝－3
3(x－5)<2x＋5 …… ①
2x＋5≤3(x－4) …… ②
If you solve ① and ② simultaneously, More than 18 but less than 24
17≤x<20 ∴ x＝17, 18, 19 Supposing there are x number of students,
Therefore, the maximum number of
 3x<72 …… ①
benches is 19. 
 4x>72 …… ②
263 pages
18<x<24.
If the book has x pages, Therefore, the number of the students is
6×44>x …… ① more than 18 but less than 24.
10＋9×28<x …… ②
262<x<264 ∴ x＝263
Therefore, this book has 263 pages.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
10
1 2 Warm up
x＝－5
x＝0, y＝－1
Systems of Inequalities
2-2
x≤－4
x>14
3 4
－3, From ①,
1, 6x－5x>－3＋7
－3, 1 x>4 …… ③
From ②,
There is no solution. 3
4
x－x≤－2＋3
1
－
4
x≤1
x≥－4 …… ④
From ③ and ④, x>4
From ①,
3x－5x>－9－5
－2x>－14
－2x<7 …… ③
From ②,
3(x－1)≤4(2x＋1)＋48
3x－8x≤4＋48＋3
3x－5x≤55
3x－5x≥－11 …… ④
From ③ and ④, －11≤x<7

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
10
5 6
9, －8, 8,
－12, －4, 4
4,
4, 5 4,
2,
x≥－3 2, 4
7 8
3<x≤5 ③
Supposing the number of spots shown
x>5 on a die is x,
6x≤20 ∴ x≤3.33 …
－7<x≤－3 5x>x＋9 ∴ x>2.25
2.25 3 3.33 …
∴ x＝3
The number of spots shown on the die is
3. Therefore, the winner can get 3 pieces
of candy.
x＋1, x＋2
x＋(x＋1)＋(x＋2)≥16,
((x＋1)＋(x＋2))－x≤8
5, 6, 7
From , If you solve ⓐ and ⓑ
simultaneously,
13
3
≤ x≤5
The natural number satisfying the above
condition is 5.
Therefore, the three consecutive natural
numbers are 5, 6, and 7.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
10
9 10
－3≤x<3  4x－5≤2x＋5 …… ①

 2x＋5<6x－7
…… ②
From ①,
3 4x－2x≤5＋5
<x≤5
2
4x－2x≤10
4x－2x≤5 …… ③
There is no solution. From ②,
2x－6x<－7－5
4x－4x<－12
4x－2x>3 …… ④
From ③ and ④, 3<x≤5
－5x＋2
 －7< 4 …… ①

 －5x＋2 ≤－x
4 …… ②
Multiplying ① by 4,
－28<－5x＋2
5x<30
x<6 …… ③
Multiplying ② by 4,
－5x＋2≤－4x
－x≤－2
x≥2 …… ④
From ③ and ④, 2≤x<6
11 12
b＋4 4,
3 , 5
－10, 5,
15
－1,
－1,
3 －4

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
10
15 16
At least 55cm and at most 75cm (n－2)
(n－2)
10.5, 11.5
11
11
9cm
27, 36,
6, 8
6, 8
17 18
22－x, At least 2 minutes and at most 2.4
22－x, minutes
22－x, If x minutes passed after they began to
74 38 run, the distance that Alice runs for x
,
21 7 minutes is 200xm and the distance that
Multiplying ① by 240, Kelly runs for x minutes is 300xm.
35×4≤24x＋3(22－x) 1000≤200x＋300x ≤1200
3 21x≥74 1010≤5x ≤12

74 12
3521x≥ 21 1012≤ x ≤ 5
Multiplying ② by 240, 1012≤ x ≤2.4

24x＋3(22－x)≤45×4
24x＋3(2221x≤114
38
24x＋3(2221x≤ 7
10 16
At least minutes and at most
7 7
minutes

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
10
0.2,
x,
5≤x<8
0.2,
x, 2
－2≤x<－
90, 3
240
112g
If at least xg of water has to be

evaporated,
240×0.08
15≤ ×100≤18
240－x
240×0.08
 15≤ 240－x ×100 …… ①

 240×0.08 ×100≤18
240－x …… ②
400
112≤x≤
3
112≤x≤133.33 …
Therefore, at least 112g of water has to
be evaporated.

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
11
1 2 Warm up
－4, －2, 2, 4
1
－1, － ,1
2
Linear Functions and

Their Graphs
4-1 3
2
, 1,
1
2
1
, 0, － , －1, －
2
3
2
2
1
－3 －2 －1 O 1 2 3
x
－1
－2
3 4
4, 6, 8, 10, 12 ①, ④, ⑥
20,
2x,
2x,
20－2x
－1 －9
5
－3 －
2
 19
－3.8 －  5
 5
Linear Functions and Their Graphs 4-1 48

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
11
5 6
0, y＝－2x＋1
3, Let y＝ax＋b.
3, Then, since when x＝0, y＝1,
3x 1＝a×0＋b ∴ b＝1
Since when x＝1, y＝－1,
－1＝a×1＋1 ∴ a＝－2
y ∴ y＝－2x＋1
9
y
5
7
3 6
5
1 4
－5 －3 －1 O 1 3 5
x 3
－1 2
1
－3
－5－4 －3－2 －1 O 1 2 3 4 5
x
－1
－5 －2
－3
－7 －4
－5
－9 －6
－7
49 Linear Functions and Their Graphs 4-1

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
11
7 8
1 y
, 0, － 1 , －1, － 3 ,
2 2 2 7
5
5 3 1
, 2, , 1,
2 2 2 3
1
x
y －5 －3 －1 O
－1
1 3 5
－3 ②
3
－5
2 y＝－ 12 x＋2
①
－7
1
x
－3 －2 －1 O 1 2 3 1
－1
y＝－ 12 x
－2
－3
y
3
①
1
－3 －2 －1 O 1 2 3
x
－1
②
－2
－3
1,
1
2
x

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
11
9 10
y a, 0,
3
9
1
－5 －3 －1 O 1 3 5
x
－1
－3 1
3
－5
Since the graph of y＝ x＋2 passes
5
－7
through the point(0, 2b), if you
substitute
3
x＝0 and y＝2b into y＝ 5
x＋2,
y
3
7
2b＝ ×0＋2
5
5
∴ b＝1
3
－5 －3 －1 O 1 3 5
x
－1 1, －2,
－3 4
11 12
0, x-intercept: 5
, y-intercept: 5
0, 4
From y＝－4x＋5,
b
－ since the x-intercept is the value of x
a
when y＝0,
0＝－4x＋5
5
0, ∴ x＝
4
0, Since the y-intercept is the value of y
b when x＝0,
y＝－4×0＋5
∴ y＝5
7
x-intercept: 5
, y-intercept: -7
3 3
x-intercept: 2
, y-intercept:
4

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
11
13 14
15 16
－3, －1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 6
＋2, ＋2, ＋2, ＋2, ＋2, ＋2
5
－
3
y
9
－3
7
5 5
7
3
－3 －1 O 1 3
x
－1
－3
Yes

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
11
17 18
1,
－7 －5,
1, －5
y
3a 6
5
2
6
－4 －2 O 2 4
x
a
－－2
4
－4
－6
ⓑ, 1
When x＝2, y＝5, and
when x＝－2, y＝3.
ⓒ, －1
y
ⓐ, 2 6
－4 －2 O 2 4
x
－2

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
11
When x＝2, y＝1, and
when x＝－2, y＝5. －5
y
7
6
－4 －2 O 2 4
x
－2
m＝－10
2
Since the graph of y＝ 5 x＋4 passes
through the point (m, 0), substituting
x＝m
2
and y＝0 into y＝ 5 x＋4 gives
2
0＝
5
m＋4
When x＝0, y＝3, and ∴ m＝－10
when x＝3, y＝1.
2 x-intercept： 3 , y-intercept：6
4
－4 －2 O 2 4 6
x
－2
5
－
4
Since when x increases by 4, y decreases
by 5,
Change in y 5
Slope＝＝－
Change in x 4

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
12
1 2 Warm up
y
6
5
4
3
2
1
－6－5 －4－3－2－1 O 1 2 3 4 5 6
x
－1
－2
－3
－4
－5
－6
Linear Functions and y

Their Graphs 4
4-2 3
2 y＝－ 12 x＋2
－4 －3 －2 －1 O 1 2 3 4
x
－1
y＝－ 12 x
－2

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
12
3 4
－1, 0, －1 Slope:
3
, y-intercept: 2
4
y
3, 2,
5
3, 1 4
3
2
y 1
－4 －3－2－1 O 1 2 3 4
x
3
－1
－2
1
－6 －4 －2 O 2 4 6
x
－1
－3
－5
4
Slope: , y-intercept: －3
5
y
3
2
1
－5 －4－3－2 －1 O 1 2 3 4 5
x
－1
－2
－3
－4
－5
－6
－7

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
12
5 6
3
Slope: － , y-intercept: 2
5
－1, y
0, －1 5
4
3
2
1, 1
2, －5－4－3－2 －1 O 1 2 3 4 5
x
－1
1, 1 －2
y
6
4 Slope: －3, y-intercept: －1

y
2
8
－4 －2 O 2 4
x 7
6
－2 5
4
－4 3
2
－6 1
－3－2－1 O 1 2 3 x
－1
－2
－3
－4
－5
－6
Slope: 3, y-intercept: 2 －7
y
8
－4 －2 O 2 4
x
－2
－4
－6

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
12
7 8
5
x-intercept: , y-intercept: －1
2
2 y
－
3
3
For y ＝3 x ＋2 , since the x -intercept is 2
1
the value of x when y＝0, －5－4 －3－2 －1 O 1 2 3 4 5
x
0＝3x＋2
－1
－2
2
∴ x＝－－3
3
2
8
For y ＝3 x ＋2 , since the y -intercept is x-intercept: , y-intercept: －2
3
the value of y when x＝0, y
y＝3×0＋2 5
∴ y＝2
4
3
2
2
－ ,2 1
3 x
y －4－3－2 －1 O 1 2 3 4
－1
8 －2
－3
6 －4
－5
4
－3 －1 O 1 3
x
－2
－4
－6
3
x-intercept: 2
, y-intercept: －3
y
3
－5 －3 －1 O 1 3
x5
－1
－3
－5
－7
－9

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
12
9 10
x-intercept: 1 x-intercept: 3, y-intercept: 2

, y-intercept: 1
2
y
y
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
－5－4－3 －2－1 O 1 2 3 4 5
x x
－1 －3 －2 －1 O 1 2 3
－1
－2
－3
－4
－5
x-intercept: －4, y-intercept: －1

y
x-intercept: 3 y
, -intercept: 3
4 2
1
y x
－4 －3－2－1 O 1 2 3 4
－1
11
－2
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
－4－3 －2－1 O 1 2 3 4
x
－1
－2
－3
－4
－5

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
12
11 12
－2, { y|－3≤y<1}
－2, y
－7, 3
2
－2, 7, 1
－2, 7 －3－2 －1 O 1 2 3
x
－1
y －2
－3
8
{ y|－3<y<9}
2
－4 －2 O 2 4
x y
－2 9
8
－4 7
6
5
4
3
2
{ y|－1≤y<2} 1
－3 －2－1 O 1 2 3
x
Since the domain is {x|1≤x<4}, －1
－2
when x＝1, y＝1－2＝－1 and －3
when x＝4, y＝4－2＝2.

Therefore, the graph you are looking for
is a segment of a straight line with the two
points (1, －1) and (4, 2) as endpoints.
∴ The range is { y|－1≤y<2}.
y
2
－2 O 2 4
x
－2
－4

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
12
15 16
y ① and ⑥, ② and ⑤
5
－5 －3 －1 O 1 3 5
x y
－1
5
4
－3
3
2
－5
1
－3－2 －1 O 1 2 3
x
－1
－2
y －3
－4
6
－5
2 and
－2 O 2
x
－2
－4
－6
17 18
a＝－ 13 5
For y＝ 3 ax＋2, the slope is 3 a and
1 1 4 4
For y＝ 3 x＋4, the slope is 3 . the y-intercept is 2.
If you rewrite ax＋y－3＝0 in terms For y＝3x＋2b, the slope is 3 and the
of y, you have y-intercept is 2b.
y＝－ax＋3. Therefore, if the graphs of the two
Thus, the slope is －a. lines coincide, their slopes and
Therefore, if the graphs of the two y-intercepts must be equal.
lines are parallel, their slopes must be Therefore,
3
equal. 4
a＝3 ∴ a＝4
Therefore, 2＝2b ∴ b＝1
1 1
－a＝ ∴ a＝－ ∴ a＋b＝4＋1＝5
3 3
10
－
3
k＝15

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
12
8 5
Slope: －7, x-intercept: , and
3 7
For y＝ax＋b, the slope is

2
. If you y-intercept: 5
3
y
rewrite kx－4y＋2＝0 in terms of y,
11
you have
9
k 1
y＝ x＋ 2
.
4 7
Thus, the slope is k . 5

4
3
Therefore, if the graphs of the two
lines are parallel, their slopes must be 1
－5 －3 －1 O 1 3
x5
equal. －1
Therefore, －3
2 k 8
＝ ∴ k＝－5
3 4 3
－7
3 －9
－
4
3
For y＝ax＋b, the slope is 4 and the
① and ④, ③ and ⑤
y-intercept is 3. If you rewrite
1
ax＋by＝1 in terms of y, you have 6
y＝－ a x＋ 1 . For y＝4kx－3, the slope is 4k and
b b
the y-intercept is －3. If you rewrite
a
Thus, the slope is － and the y-inter- 2x－5y－9m＝0 in terms of y, you have
b
1 y＝ 25 x－ 95 m.
cept is .
b 2
Thus, the slope is and the y-intercept
Therefore, if the graphs of the two 5
9
lines coincide, their slopes and is －
5
m.
y-intercepts must be equal. Therefore, if the graphs of the two
Therefore, lines coincide, their slopes and
1 1 y-intercepts must be equal.
＝3 ∴ b＝
b 3 Therefore,
a 3 4k＝
2
∴ k＝
1
－＝ ∴ a＝－ 14
b 4 5 10
a 9 5
∴
1
＝a÷b＝－ ÷
1
＝－
3 －3＝－
5
m ∴ m＝ 3
b 4 3 4
1 5 1
∴ km＝ 10
× ＝
3 6

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
13
1 2 Warm up
1, 2,
2,
2x
y＝－ 53 x
Since the graph is a line passing

through the origin, let the equation be
y＝ax. Since the graph passes through
the point (－3, 5), if you substitute
x＝－3 and y＝5 into y＝ax,
5＝a×(－3) ∴ a＝－ 53
5
∴ y＝－ x
3
Linear Functions and

Their Graphs
4-3

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
13
3 4
－1, 1, 5, 7, 9 y
y 4
3
9 2
8 1
7 x
－2 －1 O 1 2 3 4 5 6
6 －1
5 －2
4 －3
3 －4
2 －5
1
－3 －2－1 O 1 2 3
x
－1
－2
－3
y
7
6
5
y＝2x＋3 4
3
2
1
－3－2 －1 O 1 2 3
x
－1
Yes
y
10
－3 －1 O 1 3
x
－2
－4
－6

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
13
5 6
y y
2 3
1 2
－2 －1 O 1 2 3 4 5
x 1
－1
－4 －3 －2－1 O 1 2
x
－2 －1
－2
y a＝ 12
2
1
Since the graph of ax＋by－3＝0 is
－2 －1 O 1 2
x
－1 parallel to the y-axis,
－2
∴ ax－3＝0 …… ①
Also, since the given graph passes
through the point (6, 0), if you
substitute x＝6 into ①,
6a－3＝0
1
∴ a＝
2
b＝ 13
Since the graph of ax－3by＋2＝0 is

parallel to the x-axis,
∴ －3by＋2＝0 …… ①
Also, since the given graph passes
through the point (0, 2), if you
substitute y＝2 into ①,
－6b＋2＝0
1
∴ b＝
3

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
13
7 8
15
4
a, b
From the graph, the y-intercept is －3
and the slope is 3 ,
4
3
a＝slope＝ 34
b＝ y-intercept＝－3
1
－ 3 15
2 ∴ a－b＝－(－3)＝
4 4
1
－ , 3
2
y＝ 3 x－2
4
5
y＝－ 2 x＋4
5 5
2
y＝ 52 x＋5
y＝－ 52 x＋3
Change in y －5
Slope＝＝ 2
Change in x
5
∴ y＝－ x＋3
2

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
13
9 10
y＝ 2 x－2 1
3 2,
If you let the linear equation you want be 1
y＝ax＋b, then slope＝a＝ 2
and 2,
3
y＝ 2
x＋b …… ① 1,
3
Also, since the given graph passes －2,
through the point (6, 2), if you 1
2
x－2
substitute x＝6 and y＝2 into ①,
2
2＝ ×6＋b ∴ b＝－2
3
2
∴ y＝
2
x－2 y＝ 3 x＋4
3
y＝5x＋10
y＝－2x＋1
11 12
3,
3, 3
6, 4
－1, The slope of the given line is
3x－1 Change in y 3
Slope＝＝
Change in x 4
Also, since the linear equation you want
1
5 is parallel to this line, their slopes are
8 equal.
－
5
Since it is parallel to the graph of 13
4
y＝ 15 x－2, the slope of the linear equation
you want is
1
5
. y＝ 3 x＋ 13
4 4
1
∴ y＝ x＋b …… ①
5
Also, since it passes through the point
(3, －1), if you substitute x＝3 and
y＝－1 into ①, y＝ 1 x＋ 14
1 8
3 3
－1＝ ×3＋b ∴ b＝－
5 5
y＝ 4 x＋ 5
1 8 7 7
y＝ 5 x－ 5

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
13
13 14
15 16
7,
3,
－2
－1,
－1, 0
－3, Since the linear equation you want is
10, y＝－2x＋b and passes through the point
－x＋10 (－2, 4), if you substitute －2 for x and
4 for y,
4＝－2×(－2)＋b ∴ b＝0
y＝－2x
y＝－ 23 x＋ 11
3
The slope of a line passing through the
points (1, 3) and (4, 1) is
1－3 2
a＝ 4－1
＝－ .
3
Therefore, the linear equation you want is
2
y＝－ 3 x＋b. And since it passes through
the point (1, 3), if you substitute 1 for x
and 3 for y,
2 11
3＝－＋b ∴ b＝
3 3
2 11
∴ y＝－ x＋
3 3
y＝－6x＋ 23
2

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
13
17 18
1, 1, 0, 0, 4,
1, 0, 0, －4,
－4, －4,
－4, 4,
－2, 2, －4x＋4
－2x＋2
y＝－ 18 x＋ 14
y＝－ 9 x＋ 17
4 2
Let the linear equation you want be
y＝ax＋b. Since when x＝2, y＝4,
4＝2a＋b …… ①
2
and when x＝ , y＝7,
3
2
7＝
3
a＋b …… ②
a＝－ 94 , b＝ 17
2
9 17
∴ y＝－ x＋
4 2
y＝ 5 x＋ 1
4 4

E-nopi-28단계 해답(Basic) 2008.6.5 12:19 PM 페이지70 MAC54 2400DPI 175LPI
Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
13
y＝ 5 x－ 5 y＝ 2 x－3
6 3 3
If you let the linear equation you are
looking for be y＝ax＋b, then since the
x-intercept is 2 and the y-intercept is y＝ 1 x＋2
5 6
－ , the graph passes through the two
3


53
points (2, 0) and (0, ).

 －
 3
 looking for be y＝ax＋b, since it is
1
Thus you have parallel to y＝ 6 x＋3, you have
5 1
－－0
3 －0 5 Slope＝a＝ 6 .
Slope＝a＝ 0－2
＝
6
1
5 ∴ y＝ x＋b …… ①
6
and the y-intercept is － 3 .
∴ y＝
5 5
x－ 3 (12, 4), substituting x＝12 and y＝4
6
into ① gives
1
4＝ ×12＋b ∴ b＝2
6
y＝ 34 x＋ 12
1
∴ y＝ x＋2
6
y＝ 75 x－ 35
y＝ 56 x－ 23
looking for be y＝ax＋b,
12－5 7
Slope＝a＝＝
9－4 5
7
∴ y＝ x＋b …… ①
5
(4, 5), substituting x＝4 and y＝5 into
① gives
7 3
5＝ ×4＋b ∴ b＝－
5 5
7 3
∴ y＝ x－
5 5

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
14
1 2 Warm up
y
5
4
3
2
1
－4－3 －2 －1 O 1 2 3 4
x
－1
－2
y
2
－2 －1 O 1 2
x
Linear Functions and －1
Their Graphs －2
4-4
y
5
4
3
2
1
－3－2－1 O 1 2 3
x
－1
－2
－3
－4
－5
－6
－7

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
14
3 4
3
2
x－1,
y＝－x＋3 …… ① 2, 2,
2 4
y＝ 3 x＋ 3 …… ② 2, 2
y
2
y ①
1
4 ②
3 －4 －3 －2 －1 O 2 1 2
x
② 3
2
－1
1
x
－4－3－2 －1 O 1 2 3 4 －2
－1
①
－2
－3
x＝1, y＝0
(1, 2) y
6
5
4
2x＋y＝2 3
x－2y＝1
x＝3, y＝1 2
1
x
The solution of the system of equations －3－2－1 O
－1
1 2 3
is the intersection point of the two －2
graphs.
x＝－1, y＝1
y
9
5
2x－y＝－3
3
5x＋3y＝－2 1
－3 －1 O 1 3
x
－1
－3

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
14
5 6
1 3 There is no solution.
2
x＋ 2 ,
y 4x－2y＝4
coincide, 2
infinite 1
－2－1 O 1 2 3
x
y －1
－2
3 2x－y＝3
－3
①, ② －4
－4 O 2
x
－3
There is an infinite number of solutions.

x－ 43 ,
y
parallel, 1
2x－3y＝1
none 4x－6y＝2
y －1 O 1
x
1 ①
－1
②
－1 O 1 4 2
x
3
－1
4
－
3
－2
x＝1, y＝1
y
1 3x－4y＝－1
－2x＋y＝－1
－1 O 1
x
－1

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
14
7 8
－1 a＝－ 16
7
Since the coordinates of the intersection Rewriting the given system of equa-
point are (3, 1), the solution to the tions in terms of y gives
system of equations is x＝3 and y＝1. 4 3
Substituting x＝3 and y＝1 into the  y＝－ a x＋ a
 7 1
system of equations gives  y＝ 4 x＋ 2
3－3×1＝a ∴ a＝0 For this system of equations to have no
b×3＋2×1＝5 ∴ b＝1 solution, two graphs must be parallel.
∴ a－b＝0－1＝－1 That is, the slopes are equal and the
y-intercepts are different.
4 7
－＝ ∴ a＝－ 16
0 a 4 7
3 1
≠ ∴ a≠6
a 2
a＝－ 65
9 10
73
14
(－2, 0)
Rewriting the given system of equations
 11

3 
in terms of y gives ( , 0) 
2
2 7
y＝ x＋
 a a (4, 3)
 Since point A is the intersection point,
 y＝ b x＋2 solving this system of equations gives
3
For this system of equations to have a n x＝4 and y＝3. Therefore, the coordinates
infinite number of solutions, the two of point A are (4, 3).
graphs must coincide. That is, the slopes 45
and y-intercepts must be equal. 4
7 7 Since
＝2 ∴ a＝
a 2
Area of a triangle
2 b 12 ＝Base×Height÷2,
＝ ∴ b＝
a 3 7 15 45
area of △ABC＝ ×3÷2＝ 4
2
7 12 73
∴ a＋b＝＋＝
2 7 14
7
Since A(2, －1), B(0, 4), and C(0, －3),

－13
area of △ABC＝7×2÷2＝7

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
14
11 12
y＝2x＋10 y＝－3x＋30
If you let the linear equation you are If you let the linear equation you are
looking for be y＝ax＋b, looking for be y＝ax＋b,
since when x＝0, y＝10, you have since when x＝0, y＝30, you have
10＝a×0＋b ∴ b＝10 30＝a×0＋b ∴ b＝30
Also, since when x＝1, y＝12, you have Also, since when x＝1, y＝27, you have
12＝a×1＋10 ∴ a＝2 27＝a×1＋30 ∴ a＝－3
∴ y＝2x＋10 ∴ y＝－3x＋30
y(cm) y(cm)
30
24
22
20
18
16
20
14
12
10
8
6
4 10
2
O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x(g)
x(min)
O 10
26cm
Substituting x＝8 into y＝2x＋10 gives
6cm
y＝2×8＋10
Substituting x＝8 into y＝－3x＋30 gives
∴ y＝26(cm)
y＝－3×8＋30
∴ y＝6(cm)
7g
Substituting y＝24 into y＝2x＋10 gives
7 minutes
24＝2x＋10
Substituting y＝9 into y＝－3x＋30 gives
∴ x＝7(g)
9＝－3x＋30
∴ x＝7(min)
10 minutes
Since the height of the candle, when
burned completely, is 0,
substituting y＝0 into y＝-3x+30 gives
0＝－3x＋30
∴ x＝10(min)

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
14
15 16
0.4°C y＝－6x＋30
If you let the linear equation you
y＝－0.4x＋100 are looking for be y＝ax＋b, since
If you let the linear equation you are when x＝0, y＝30, you have
looking for be y＝ax＋b, since when 30＝a×0＋b ∴ b＝30
x＝0, y＝100, you have Also, since when x＝1, y＝24, you have
100＝a×0＋b ∴ b＝100 24＝a×1＋30 ∴ a＝－6
Also, since when x＝10, y＝96, ∴ y＝－6x＋30
you have
96＝a×10＋100 ∴ a＝－0.4
∴ y＝－0.4x＋100 y(°C)
30
y(°C)
100
24
96
92
20
88
18
84
80
76
72 12
10
O
x(min)
10 20 30 40 50 60
x(km)
O
150 minutes 1 2 3 4 5
Substituting y＝40 into y＝－0.4x＋100 4.5km

gives Substituting y＝3 into y＝－6x＋30 gives
40＝－0.4x＋100 3＝－6x＋30
∴ x＝150(min) ∴ x＝4.5(km)
52°C －30°C
Substituting x＝120 into y＝－0.4x＋ Substituting x＝10 into y＝－6x＋30
100 gives gives
y＝－0.4×120＋100 y＝－6×10＋30
∴ y＝52(°C) ∴ y＝－30(°C)

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
14
17 18
0.6m/s 9, 0.15,
0.15x
y＝0.6x＋331 y(km)
10
9
8
7
6
5
y(m/s) 4
3
361 2
355 1
O
x(min)
349 10 20 30 40 50 60
343
337
331
3km
0.15×20＝3(km)
x(°C)
O 10 20 30 40 50
40 minutes
0.15x＝6
361m/s ∴ x＝40(min)
Substituting x＝50 into y＝0.6x＋331
gives
y＝0.6×50＋331
∴ y＝361(m/s)
65°C

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
14
5, x＝2, y＝3
5x,
The coordinates of the intersection point
300,
are the solution to the system of
－5x＋300
equations.
y(L) 35
－
4
300
295 Rewriting the given system of equations
290
in terms of y gives
285
4 6
 y＝ 5 x－ 5
280

275
270
265  y＝－ 7 x－ 3
260
k k
255 For the system of equations to have no
250
solution, the two graphs must be
parallel. That is, the slopes must be equal
and the y-intercepts must be different.
x(min) 4 7 35
＝－ ∴ k＝－
O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
5 k 4
6 3 5
≠ ∴ k≠
5 k 2
150L
Substituting x＝30 into y＝－5x＋300 35
gives 12
y＝－5×30＋300 Rewriting the given system of
∴ y＝150(L) equations in terms of y gives
5 3
y＝ x＋
24 minutes  6m 2m

 y＝ 2n x＋ 8
7 7
For this system of equations to have a n
infinite number of solutions, the two
graphs must coincide. That is, the slopes
and y-intercepts must be equal.
3 8 21
＝ ∴ m＝
2m 7 16
5 2n 20
＝ ∴ n＝
6m 7 9
21 20 35
∴ mn＝ 16
×
9
＝
12

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
15
1 2 Warm up
E,
D,
E
Possible Outcomes
2-1
orange orange
apple pear
pear apple
3 4
Leopard, Lion
Tiger, Bear, Rabbit
Rabbit, Lion
5 6
3,
4,
2
3, 4, 7
3, 2, 5
4
4, 2, 6
79 Possible Outcomes 2-1

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
15
7 8
4 10
10
•1
• 3, 2, 1
5
12
9 10
3
A C A C A C
2
B B B
y,
x,
A C A C A C
y
6 B B B
C,
A, C, A, B
3, 2, 6
Possible Outcomes 2-1 80

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
15
11 12
• 2, 4, 6 15
• 1, 2, 3, 6
(2, 3), (2, 6), 12

(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 6),
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 6)
6
3, 4, 12
13 14
15 16
Tails, H …… (H, H, H)
Heads, H
T …… (H, H, T)
Tails H
H …… (H, T, H)
T
4 T …… (H, T, T)
H …… (T, H, H)
H
T …… (T, H, T)
×, T
H …… (T, T, H)
×, , × T
T …… (T, T, T)
4
8,
3,
3,
1,
1

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
15
17 18
coin die coin die 2,
1 1 6,
2 2 2, 6, 12
3 3
H T
4 4
5 5
6 6 2, 2, 6, 24
• 12
•1 2, 6, 6, 72
•3
•3
Blue Red
Red Yellow H H
Yellow Blue H T
T T
Blue Red Yellow
Yellow Blue Blue 4
Red Yellow Red
3, 2, 1, 6

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
16
1 2 Warm up
Possible Outcomes
2-2
3 4
A, B, C C D
B
B, C D C
B D
C C
D B
C－B …… (A, C, B) B C
D
A－C …… (B, A, C)
C B
C－A …… (B, C, A)
A－B …… (C, A, B)
4, 3, 2, 1, 24
B－A …… (C, B, A)

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
16
5 6
2 …… 12 1 …… 31
,5
1 3 …… 13 3 2 …… 32
4 …… 14 4 …… 34
4, 3, 1 …… 21 1 …… 41
2, 1 2 3 …… 23 4 2 …… 42
4 …… 24 3 …… 43
3, 2, 120
4
12
7 8
1, 2, 3, 4,
1, 2, 3, 4,
1, 2, 3, 4
4, 4, 64
3
48
9 10
(A, B), (A, C), (A, D), (A, E),
B A A A
(B, A), (B, C), (B, D), (B, E),
A C B C C B D
D B
(C, A), (C, B), (C, D), (C, E),
D D D C
(D, A), (D, B), (D, C), (D, E),
(A, B) (B, A) (C, A) (D, A) (E, A), (E, B), (E, C), (E, D)
(A, C) (B, C) (C, B) (D, B)
(A, D) (B, D) (C, D) (D, C) 4, 20
12 5, 4, 10

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
16
11 12
① and ④, ② and ⑦, English Math
③ and ⑩, ⑤ and ⑧, Latin
Math English
⑥ and ⑪, ⑨ and ⑫
Latin Math
6 English
Math Latin
Latin English
Math
English Latin
100
28
8×7
＝ 28
2
15 16
① 2×3＝6,
3×3＝9,
There are two ways. 4×3＝12,
G 5×3＝15,
House A F School
J 6×3＝18,
7×3＝21,
8×3＝24,
9×3＝27,
10×3＝30
12
10
(3×2×1)×2＝12

Basic Thinking Math

Level 28 Booklet
16
17 18
4, 3, 60
24
• 2, 4
• 12,
6
• 12
• 24
36
60－24＝36
Find the possible outcomes where one 24

person will be elected as a representa-
tive from Jenny, Dennis, and John. 12
24
2, 3
18
2
6
6

ath
inking M
Basic Th
TS
CONTEN
Level 29
Page
Booklet
Number
Topic Contents Category

If 3 coins are tossed simultaneously, find each of
1 the following.
Calculation
Probability of all 3 coins being tails
of
Probability of 2 coins being tails
Probability
Probability of 1 coin being tails
2
Probability of all 3 coins being heads
Use the statement below to complete each of the following.
If two triangles are congruent, then the three corresponding angles

of the triangles are congruent.
3 Statements
Write the hypothesis and conclusion for the statement.
Write a statement by exchanging the hypothesis and conclusion.
Below is symbolic definition of geometric figure. Draw the

appropriate figure and name it.
Example AB＝BC＝CD＝DA and

AB＝AC in △ABC m∠A＝m∠B＝m∠C＝m∠D
4 Proofs A in ABCD
Geometry
B C
isosceles triangle
In the figure shown on the right, it can be proven A

that △ABD≅△ACD. Fill in the boxes.
Proof In △ABD and △ACD,

Properties (Hypothesis) …… ① B C
D
5 of Isosceles
(Hypothesis) …… ②
Triangles
is common to both triangles. …… ③
From ①, ②, and ③,
△ABD≅△ACD (SAS Congruence)
X
In the figure shown on the right, P is
A
equidistant from OX and OY, which are
the sides of ∠XOY. It can be proven that P
P is on the bisector of ∠XOY. Complete O Y
B
the proof.
Proof In △POA and △POB,

Congruence
6 of Right
Triangles
△POA≅△POB (RHS Congruence)

∴ m∠POA＝m∠POB
Therefore, P is on the bisector of ∠XOY.
In the figures below, O is the circumcenter of △ABC, and point

I is the incenter of △ABC. Find m∠x.
Geometry
A
Circumcenter A
7 and Incenter 20° x
40°
of a Triangle
O I
x
B C B C
In ABCD shown on the right, if A D

8
Properties AB || DC and AB＝DC, prove that
of AD || BC.
Parallelograms B
9 C
Which of the following conditions is not A D

correct for parallelogram ABCD shown
Types of on the right to be a rhombus?
10 O
Quadrilaterals ① AB＝BC ② AC ⊥ BD
B C
③ AC＝BD ④ m∠AOD＝90°
For each figure, find the value of x .

11
A
3 A
Similar 4 E
6
Figures D 5
x
B C B C
12 x D
8
If points D and E are on AB and A

E D
AC or on their extensions in
△ABC shown on the right, and A
D E
Triangles if DE || BC , then the following
and conditions are satisfied.
B C B C
13 Fill in the boxes.
Parallel
Lines
Geometry
125 〓 123 〓 123 , 125 〓 123
AD DE AD
AB AC DB EC
In △ABC shown on the right, D and E are A
14 midpoints of AB and AC , respectively.

Prove that DE || BC and DE＝ 1 BC. D E
2
B C
Applications
Point G is the centroid of △ABC. Find the value of x.
15 of
Similarity A
A
x F
x E
G
G
3
16 B C B C
D 10
BTM_24~30(표지) 2015.4.27 4:3 PM 페이지6 MAC61 2400DPI 175LPI
28 ANSWER BOOKLET
BASIC THINKING MATH ● LEVEL 28
28
Eye Level Math Level 28 Answer Booklet Copyright 2013 by Daekyo Co., Ltd.
Eye Level is a registered trademark. All rights reserved.
Revised by Drs. David L. Haury, Terri Teal Bucci & Hea-Jin Lee, at The Ohio State University

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Concept Comics Teaching Tools

Numbers and Arithmetic

Variables and Equations

Relationships and Functions

Probability and Statistics

Solve each system of equations.

Variables and Equations

If a solution to the system of equations { 8－4x＋xay ＝2

Let x represent an element of the set {－1, 0, 1, 2}. Find the

Find the range of x－4 where 2<x<5.

Find the range of a, where －3<－3a<9.

Booklet Topic Contents Category

Solve the inequality using transposition of terms and graph the

Solve each inequality.

Variables and Equations

The solution to (4－a)x>a is x<－2. Find the value of a by

Solve each system of inequalities.

10 A 240g solution of sugar water has a concentration of 8%. To

Booklet Topic Contents Category

Relationships and Functions

The graph on the right is of the y

Find the number of possible outcomes

the shortest possible distance are D

Basic Thinking Math

x＝35, y＝ 135 (67.5)

u＝0, v＝3 x＝3, y＝－7

x＝－3, y＝－2 x＝1, y＝1

x＝2, y＝2 x＝3, y＝4

1 Systems of Equations 8-5

Basic Thinking Math

Large truck: 8 tons,

x＝11, y＝24 x＝1, y＝－10

x＝－12, y＝－4 x＝－ 7 (－3.5), y＝4

x＝ 1 (0.25), y＝10 x＝1, y＝ 3

Systems of Equations 8-5 2

Basic Thinking Math

s＝－1, t＝－3 x＝7, y＝ 5

x＝2, y＝2 x＝4, y＝9

Answers may vary. Answers may vary.

3 Systems of Equations 8-5

Basic Thinking Math

Systems of Equations 8-5 4

Basic Thinking Math

0.08x＋0.2y＝43.50 Male students: 376,

5 Systems of Equations 8-5

Basic Thinking Math

－4, －2 x＝－7, y＝ 13 x＝－2, y＝0 x＝2, y＝－3

x＝0, y＝1 x＝2, y＝3 x＝1, y＝1 x＝12, y＝8

If you substitute the values of s

Systems of Equations 8-6 6

Basic Thinking Math

Male students: 28,

x＝44, y＝－56 x＝ 14 , y＝－ 1

x＝7, y＝5 x＝3, y＝1

x＝－3, y＝14 x＝4, y＝23

x＝－4, y＝－7 x＝1, y＝－1

7 Systems of Equations 8-6

Basic Thinking Math