#3 - Linear Systems - Substitution

#3 ~ Linear Systems: Substitution
Recall 1
Recall 2
Substitution
Some Helpful Videos
Action Items
Recall 1
○ A linear system is two (or more) relations represented together at the same time.
○ (
A solution to a linear system is an assignment of values 𝑥 1, 𝑦 ) that is a
1
member of all relations in the system.
In other words, the solution is a point that is on every line in the system.
In other words, the point of intersection of the lines in the system is the solution.
○ We can use algebra to represent systems and verify solutions.
○ Linear systems can have zero, one or lots of solutions.
Recall 2
○ Simplifying expressions by expanding and collecting like terms.
Example: The linear expression 3(𝑥 + 4) − 5(𝑥 + 1) + 8𝑥 will simplify as
=3𝑥 + 12 − 5𝑥 − 5 + 8𝑥
=6𝑥 + 7
○ Solving Linear Equations.

Example: The equation 3(𝑥 + 4) − 5(𝑥 + 1) + 8𝑥 = 9𝑥 − 2(4𝑥 + 4) has the
solution
6𝑥 + 7 = 𝑥 − 8
5𝑥 = − 15
𝑥= −3
○ Rearranging Linear Equations.

Example: The equation 2𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 10 = 0 can be rearranged as
2𝑥 − 5𝑦 = − 10 and also as
2
𝑦= 5
𝑥 + 2 and also as
5
𝑥= 2
𝑦−5
Substitution
● Substitution is an algebraic method of solving linear systems.
Step 1: Ensure that (at least) one of the equations in the system is solved for y (or x).
Step 2: Substitute the equation that is solved for y (or x) into the other equation and
solve that new linear equation for x (or y).
This is the abscissa (or ordinate) at the point of intersection.
Step 3: Substitute this number into one of the equations and solve for y (or x).
This is the ordinate (or abscissa) at the point of intersection.
● Example: Use substitution to find the point where 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 1 and 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = −8

meet.
Solution: Step 1: Notice the first line is already solved for 𝑦 so it can be substituted.
If it was not we would have to rearrange the equation.
𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 1
(𝑦) = (4𝑥 − 1)
Step 2: Substituting the first equation into the second we get

3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = − 8
3𝑥 − 2(𝑦) = − 8
3𝑥 − 2(4𝑥 − 1) = − 8
And solving we get 𝑥=2
This is the x-coordinate (abscissa) at the point of intersection.
We still need to find the y-coordinate (ordinate) when 𝑥 = 2
Step 3: Substituting 𝑥 = 2 into either line in the system we get 𝑦 = 7
The lines in the system intersect at the point (2, 7).
● The algebra gets interesting when solving linear systems that have zero or many
solutions. Think how many 𝑥-values satisfy 3𝑥 = 3 or 3𝑥 = 0 or 0𝑥 = 3 or
0𝑥 = 0.
Some Helpful Videos
Solving Linear Equations
Solving Linear Systems Using Substitution
#3 Action Items
❏ Read Key Ideas on Pg 87

❏ Assigned learning tasks #1-7 are listed below.
❏ Complete them digitally or using pencil and paper and hand in by attaching files of your
work to this assignment.
❏ Save your work in your notes binder. Be organized.
❏ Questions listed after the “enriched” are optional.
1. Solve each equation.

a) 15 − 𝑥 = − 5 b) 4𝑥 = 22
c) 6𝑧 + 8 = 9𝑧 − 7 d) 2𝑦 − 6 = 10 + 11𝑦 + 5
𝑥 4
e) 5(2𝑥 − 1) + 9 = 2(𝑥 − 2) f) 12
= 21
2 3𝑦+1
g) 3
𝑥 + 1 = 11 h) 2
= 5
Enriched:
𝑥 2𝑥 𝑥 𝑦 5𝑦 1
i) 2
− 3
= 4− 10
j) 3
− 6
= − 2
𝑥+2 𝑥−2 𝑥+1 2 − 3𝑥

k) 2
+ 5
= 2 l) 3
− 2
= − 1
2. Solve the following systems using the method of substitution.
a) 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 5 and 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 9 b) 𝑥 = 𝑦 + 4 and 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 16
c) 𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 21 and 4𝑥 − 16 = 𝑦 d) 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 10 and 𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 7
e) 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 and 𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 13 f) 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 0 and 𝑥 − 𝑦 = −4
3. The difference between two angles in a triangle is 11°.

The sum of the same two angles is 77°.
Use a linear system to determine the measures of all three angles in the triangle.
Hint1: First find the two angles that sum to 77°.and differ by 11°
Hint2: Recall the Angle Sum Triangle Theorem
4. Simplify each equation, and then solve the linear system by substitution
a) 2(𝑥 − 4) + 𝑦 = 6 and 2𝑥 − 2(𝑦 − 3) = 13
b) 2(𝑥 − 1) − 4(2𝑦 + 1) = − 1 and 𝑥 + 3(3𝑦 + 2) − 2 = 0
5. The following three lines all intersect at one point.

Find the value of k.
Hint: First find the coordinates of the point of intersection.
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 7 and 𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 16 and 4𝑥 − 𝑘𝑦 = 9
6. Solve using the substitution method.

(a) 𝑦 = − 3𝑥 − 5 (b) 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 7
4𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 8 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 5
2 8
7. Enriched: Solve the system:
𝑥
+ 𝑦
=0
3 4 −2
𝑥
+ 𝑦
= 𝑥𝑦

#3 - Linear Systems - Substitution

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#3 ~ Linear Systems: Substitution

○ We can use algebra to represent systems and verify solutions.

○ Linear systems can have zero, one or lots of solutions.

○ Solving Linear Equations.

○ Rearranging Linear Equations.

● Example: Use substitution to find the point where 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 1 and 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = −8

Step 2: Substituting the first equation into the second we get

Step 3: Substituting 𝑥 = 2 into either line in the system we get 𝑦 = 7

The lines in the system intersect at the point (2, 7).

Solving Linear Equations

Solving Linear Systems Using Substitution

❏ Read Key Ideas on Pg 87

1. Solve each equation.

𝑥+2 𝑥−2 𝑥+1 2 − 3𝑥

3. The difference between two angles in a triangle is 11°.

a) 2(𝑥 − 4) + 𝑦 = 6 and 2𝑥 − 2(𝑦 − 3) = 13

b) 2(𝑥 − 1) − 4(2𝑦 + 1) = − 1 and 𝑥 + 3(3𝑦 + 2) − 2 = 0

5. The following three lines all intersect at one point.

6. Solve using the substitution method.

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