INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM

(IFS)
Guided by: Presented by:
Dr.A.K.TYAGI, M.SAI MURTHY,
Head of the department, 17203352033,
Agronomy. M.Sc.(Ag) Agronomy,
4th Semester.

ALPINE INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND

TECHNOLOGY, DEHRADUN-248007
UTTARAKHAND
 What is IFS ?

❖Integrated Farming (IF)

is a whole farm management
system which aims to deliver more
sustainable agriculture.
❖It refers to agricultural systems
that integrated livestock and crop
production. Integrated farming systems has
revolutionized conventional farming of livestock,
aquaculture, horticulture, agro-industry and allied
activities.
❖ It is sometimes called as Integrated Biosystems
or Integrated Agriculture.
 Concept
❖ An arrangement of recycling products/by products of one component as
input to another linked component.
❖ Reduction in cost production.
❖ Increase in productivity per unit area per unit time.
❖ Increase in total income in farm.
❖ Effective utilization of family labours around the year.
 Factors deciding nature and size of enterprises
❖Farm size
❖Marketing facilities
❖Climate
❖Technology
❖Soil type and condition
❖Income level
❖Credit facility
❖Knowledge
❖Social accessibility
 Problems of present day agriculture
❖Decline in agriculture growth rate
❖Decline in factor productivity
❖Static or decline in food production
❖Increasing in malnutrition
❖Shrinkage in net cultivable area
❖Increasing environmental pollution
❖Depleting ground water table
❖Increasing cost of production
❖Low farm income
❖Problems of Farm labours due to large scale migration

What is the solution?

“Integrated Farming System”
 FARM
FAMILY
 Aims of Integrated farming system

❖ Integrated farming system aims at increased productivity,

profitability, sustainability, balanced food, clean environment,
recycling of resources, income round the year.
❖ An integrated crop farming system represents a key solution for
enhancing livestock production, minimizing the effects of intensive
farming and safeguarding the environment through efficient usage
of resources.
 Objectives of integrated farming

❖ Should be area specific, formulate models involving main and allied

enterprises for different farming situations.
❖ It should ensure optimal utilization and conservation of available
resources with efficient recycling with in each system included.
❖ It should raise the net return of the farm household by
complementing main activity with allied enterprises.
 Benefits of integrated farming system
1. Improves the soil fertility & health 12.Avoids degradation of forests .
2. Increasing economical yield per 13.Enhance employment generation .
unit area. 14.Pollution free environment .
3. Reduction in production costs. 15.Recycling of resources.
4. Decrease farm input requirements. 16.Improves the status & livelihood of
5. Multiple income sources. the farmer.
6. Family income support.
7. Efficient utilization of family labour .
8. Reduction in animal feeding
requirements.
9. Minimize the use of chemical
fertilizers.
10.Provides balanced nutritious food
for the farmers.
11.Solves the energy problems with
biogas.
Outline of Integrated Farming System
 Integrated Farming System
C
o ➢ Crop Husbandry
➢ Horticulture
m ➢ Livestock production
p ➢ Aquaculture
o ➢ Apiculture
➢ Sericulture
n
➢ Mushroom cultivation
e ➢ Agro -Forestry
n ➢ Biogas plant
t ➢ Miscellaneous enterprises
s
 Crop Husbandry
❖The cultivation and production of edible crops or of animals of food.
 Livestock
❖ Livestock is commonly defined as domesticated animals raised in an agricultural
setting to produce labor and commodities such as meat, eggs, milk, fur, leather, wool
etc.
 Horticulture
❖ Horticulture is the growing of flowers, fruits and vegetables, and of plants for ornament
and fancy.
 Aquaculture
❖ The farming of fish, crustaceans, molluses, aquatic plants, algae, and other
organisms.
❖ Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under
controlled conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which
is the harvesting of wild fish.
❖ Mari culture refers to aquaculture practiced in marine environments and in
underwater habitats.
 Apiculture
❖ Beekeeping (or apiculture) is the
maintenance of bee colonies, commonly in
man-made hives, by humans. Most such
bees are honey bees in the genus Apis, but
other honey-producing bees such
as Melipona stingless bees are also kept.
A beekeeper (or apiarist) keeps bees in order
to collect their honey and other products
that the hive produce
(including beeswax, propolis, flower
pollen, bee pollen, and royal jelly),
to pollinate crops, or to produce bees for
sale to other beekeepers. A location where
bees are kept is called an apiary or "bee
yard".
 Sericulture
❖ Sericulture, or silk farming, is the cultivation of silkworms to produce silk. Although
there are several commercial species of silkworms.
❖ Dr Vijay Prakash Sharma: "After doing
his PHD in Neuroscience in 1981, he
have worked with Zoological Survey of
India for 5 years and after that he worked
with Silk Organization of Government of
India for 30 years. He have published 157
research papers and have been awarded
with National and International Gold
Medals in various fields. Now he is
working as the principal of Alpine
Group of Institution since 2012."
 Mushroom Cultivation
❖ Mushroom cultivation is a technical process. ... In the early years
of mushroom culture in the Netherlands, compost was scooped into
the mushroom trays and then inoculated with spores. A nine week
wait followed, until the mycelium spawned sufficiently, flushing
started and the grown mushrooms could be harvested by hand.
 Agroforestry
❖ Agroforestry is a land use management system in which trees or shrubs
are grown around or among crops or pastureland. This intentional
combination of agriculture and forestry has varied benefits, including
increased biodiversity and reduced erosion.
 Biogas plant
❖ Biogas is the mixture of gases produced by the breakdown of
organic matter in the absence of oxygen.
❖ Biogas can be produced from raw materials such as
agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material,
sewage, green waste or food waste.
❖ Biogas is a renewable energy source.
 Primary Goals of IFS
1. Maximization of yield of all component enterprises to provide steady
and stable income.
2. Rejuvenation of systems productivity and achieve Agro -ecological
equilibrium.
3. Avoid build up of insect pests, diseases and weed population through
natural cropping system and keep them at low level of intensity.
4. Reducing use of chemicals.
Elements of integrated farming system
• Watershed
• Farm ponds
• Bio-pesticides
• Bio-fertilizers
• Plant products as pesticides
• Bio gas
• Solar energy
• Compost
• Green manuring
• Rain water harvesting
 Watershed
❖A watershed is an area of land that feeds all the water running under it and
draining off of it into a body of water.
❖ It combines with other watersheds to form a network of rivers and streams
that progressively drain into larger water areas.
 Farm Ponds
❖A farm pond is a large hole dug out in the earth, usually square or
rectangular.
❖Farmers are able to apply adequate farm inputs and
perform farming operations.
 Bio-pesticides
❖ Biopesticides are certain types of pesticides derived from such
natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain
minerals. For example, canola oil and baking soda have
pesticidal applications and are considered biopesticides.
❖ Biopesticides are usually inherently less toxic than conventional
pesticides.
❖ Biopesticides often are effective in very small quantities and
often decompose quickly, resulting in lower exposures and
largely avoiding the pollution problems caused by conventional
pesticides.
 Bio-fertilizers
❖ A biofertilizer is a substance which contains living microorganisms which,
when applied to seeds, plant surfaces, or soil, colonize the rhizosphere or the
interior of the plant and promotes growth by increasing the supply or
availability of primary nutrients to the host plant.
❖ Biofertilizers increase yield by up to 30 percent
because of the nitrogen and phosphorus they add
to the soil.
❖ Biofertilizers also reduce the effects of harmful
organisms in the soil, such as fungi and
nematodes. Plants resist stress better and live
longer.
 Plant products as pesticides
❖ Salt Spray.
❖ Mineral Oil.
❖ Citrus Oil & Cayenne Pepper.
❖ Soap, Orange Citrus Oil, & Water.
❖ Eucalyptus Oil.
❖ Onion & Garlic Spray.
❖ Chrysanthemum Flower Tea.
 Bio gas
❖Biogas is the mixture of gases produced by the breakdown of organic
matter in the absence of oxygen.
❖Biogas can be produced from raw materials such as agricultural
waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste
or food waste.
 Solar energy
❖ Solar energy as energy obtained from the sun.
❖ We can put this energy to work for us in many ways, from heating
water and living spaces within our homes to
generating electrical energy.
 Compost
❖ Compost is organic matter that has been decomposed in a process
called composting
❖ Compost is rich in nutrients.
❖ It is used, for example, in gardens, landscaping, horticulture, urban
agriculture and organic farming
❖ At the simplest level, the process of composting requires making a
heap of wet organic matter (also called green waste), such as leaves,
grass, and food scraps, and waiting for the materials to break down
into humus after a period of months.
 Green manuring
❖ Green manuring is the practice of turning into the soil
undecomposed green plant tissue.
❖ The function of a green manure crop is to add organic matter to
the soil.
❖ In agriculture, green manure is created by leaving uprooted or
sown crop parts to wither on a field so that they serve as a
mulch and soil amendment.
❖ It is a practice of ploughing in the green plant tissues grown in
the field or adding green plants with tender twigs or leaves from
outside
 Rainwater harvesting
❖ Rainwater harvesting is the
accumulation and storage
ofrainwater for reuse on-site,
rather than allowing it to run off.
❖ The water collected is redirected
to a deep pit (well, shaft, or
borehole), a reservoir with
percolation, or collected
from dew or fog with nets or
other tools.
 Integrated Farming Model System

❖Agricultural + Livestock
❖Agricultural + Livestock + Poultry
❖Horticulture + Fish culture
❖Pig cum fish culture
❖Agricultural + Silviculture
❖Sericulture + Fish culture
❖Aquaculture + Duckery
❖Agriculture + Fish culture + Duckery
❖Poultry + Fish culture
 Agricultural + Livestock
❖ Fish increases rice yield by 5 to 15 per cent, which is chiefly due to
the indirect organic fertilization through the fish excrement and also
the control of unwanted filamentous algae which may otherwise
compete for the nutrients.
❖ Rice fields may also serve as fish nurseries to grow fry into
fingerlings. The fingerlings, if and when produced in large
quantities may either be sold or stocked in production ponds for
obtaining better fish yield under composite fish culture.
 Agricultural + Livestock + Poultry
❖ This system utilizes poultry droppings for fish culture. Production
levels of 4500-5000 kg/fish/ha could be obtained by recycling
poultry manure into fishponds Deep litter is well suited for this
type of farming.
❖ Rhode Island Red or Leghorn birds are preferred in poultry-fish
system for their better growth and egg laying capacity.
 Horticulture + Fish culture

❖ Pond banks provide suitable place which is economically

useful for raising fruit plants like banana, papaya and
vegetables.
 Pig cum fish culture
❖ The fish utilize the food spilled by pigs and their excreta which is
very rich in nutrients. ... Pond provides water for washing the pig -
sties and pigs.
❖ It results in high production of animal protein per unit area.
 Agricultural + Silviculture
❖ Silviculture is the practice of controlling the growth, composition, health,
and quality of forests to meet diverse needs and values.
 Sericulture + Fish culture
❖ Mulberry plants are grown on and around pond dikes which are
irrigated with pond water.
❖ Silk is extracted from silkworms which are reared on mulberry
leaves while remaining pupae(having high protein content) are
fed to fish and excellent growth of fishes is recorded.
 Aquaculture + Duckery
❖ Ducks fertilize the pond by their droppings when given free range
over the pond surface.
❖ Ducks have been termed as manuring machines for their efficient and
labour - saving method of pond manuring, resulting in complete
savings on pond fertilizer and supplementary fish feed which
accounts for 60 percent of the total cost in conventional fish culture.
 Agriculture + Fish culture + Duckery
❖ The ducklings provide integrated pest management,
replacing pesticides and herbicides by naturally
controlling predaceous pest populations and digging up
or eating competing weeds.
 Poultry + Fish culture
❖ The best and suitable fishes for integrated fish and poultry
farming are those fishes that can filter and feed on
phytoplankton, zooplankton, and bacteria from pond water. In
integrated fish farming, Cattle, Silver carp and Rohu fishes
are recommended. Poultry excreta is an excellent feed for
fishes.
 Factors determining type of farming
❖Physical factor(Climate, soil, topography)
❖Economical factor
✓Marketing cost
✓Labour availability
✓Capital
✓Land value
✓Consumer demand
✓Prevalent pest and diseases
❖Objective
` (income, production, minimizing cost etc.)
❖Environment (availability of resources and components)
❖Social factor (type of community, easy transport, marketing
facilities)
 Advantages of integrated farming system
❖ Proper processing of waste and related substances increases the profit of
farmers. Intensification of crops growth maximizes income in relation to
area, time and efforts.
❖ Soil remains fertile for a long time due to the correct use of organic waste.
Most of the waste is converted, has a value and used within the
framework of the integrated system.
❖ Integrated farming system ensures influx of income. This means that
within a year it will be possible to make profit constantly from different
agricultural sectors with separate seasons. The main thing is to choose the
right spheres for work so that there are no idle times and pauses without
income.
❖ The use of by-products makes the system more stable. The potential of the
soil, which plays the role of an industrial base, is preserved.
 Disadvantages of integrated farming system
❖ Scientists argue about the benefits of integrated farming. The process must be
well thought through, down to the smallest details, so as to not contradict the
norms of public health. Some experts say that combining birds, pigs and fish
can cause diseases, such as influenza. It is known that human and avian
influenza can be mixed in the body of a pig and new deadly viruses can arise
in the process of mutation. There is no exact confirmation that this would
happen, however, it is better to be cautious. As a security measure, farmers
must abstain from combining pigs with birds.
❖ It is necessary to thoroughly understand what you are going into. For
example, if you plan to improve your yield with the help of manure, it is
important to know how much is needed to avoid overdoing it, which will
bring more harm than good. To prevent pollution, you need to be good at
management and care.
❖ Plants should not be treated with substances that can harm animals.
 Conclusion
❖ Integrated farming system seems to be the answer to the problems of increasing food
production, for increasing income and for improving nutrition of the small scale
farmers with limited resources without any adverse effect on environment and agro
eco system.
❖ With rise in the middle class and increased urbanisation, cost, targeted per capital
consumption, growth rate major production to go for egg and chicken. Hence poultry
industry is playing major role in the future.
❖ Indian livestock industry makes up for a significant amount of world’s livestock
resources through value addition and export of dairy, fishry, wool, poultry and other
products.
❖ Apart from its performance there are some threats also exits we need to re-correct it
and take the global market opportunities.
Thank you.