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Part A: Distribution of design services and responsibility in connection with deliver and
mounting of concrete elements and lightweight concrete elements.

MODEL 4L
Participant Process Activity Document
Project Basis
Consultant Project Basis - Building
- Building
Summary Drawings
- Architect
Structural Calculations
- Building
Summary Drawings
- Construction
Summary Drawings -
Electricity
Specification of risk Plan for Rebates and
- Mounting holes
Project Basis - Joint reinforcement
Elements drawings
Requirements for Work Specifications
Design of Building building details - Delivery, incl. Building
(connections) Comp. Specs.

Element distribution Connection details

Building component
Specification of risk drawings
- Elements (* these are done only
after the supplier’s need)
Building Component Structural Calculations
Element Design
Specifications - Elements
List of Elements
Number Plans
Building Component
Details
Casting-in fittings for
lifting, shoring and Working-Drawings
support.
Supplier Manufacture and Delivery Supplier User Info.

Mounting Plan for Mounting

Mounting Planning
Contractor Mounting Elements
Mounting conditions´
influence on design
Plan & Design of shoring
and support
Plan & Design of fixings
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Part A: Distribution of design services and responsibility in connection with deliver and
mounting of concrete elements and lightweight concrete elements.

MODEL 5
Participant Process Activity Document
Project Basis
Consultant Project Basis - Building
- Building
Summary Drawings
- Architect
Structural Calculations
- Building
Summary Drawings
- Construction
Summary Drawings -
Electricity
Specification of risk Plan for Rebates and
- Mounting holes
Project Basis - Joint reinforcement
Elements drawings
Requirements for Work Specifications
Design of Building building details - Delivery, incl. Building
(connections) Comp. Specs.
………………….. ……………………..... ……………………….. ……………………….
Element distribution Connection details
Building component
Specification of risk drawings
- Elements (* these are done only
after the supplier’s need)
Building Component Structural Calculations
Element Design
Specifications - Elements
List of Elements
Number Plans
Building Component
Details
Casting-in fittings for
lifting, shoring and Working-Drawings
support.
Supplier Manufacture and Delivery Supplier User Info.
………………….. ……………………….. ……………………….. ………………………..
Mounting Plan for Mounting
Mounting Planning
Contractor Mounting Elements
Mounting conditions´
influence on design
Plan & Design of shoring
and support
Plan & Design of fixings
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Part B
B1 Ordinary expressions, concepts and principles
The ordinary expressions, concepts and principles are arranged alphabetically.

The Participants
This publication operates with the following participants: Consultants, Suppliers, Mounting
Contractors, Design Coordinators and Project Coordinators, in the following way:

 Consultants are used as a name for the person (s) that is in charge working up the basis for
the building. The consultant can also take charge of the actual design of the building (main
structural statics), including design of some or all of the elements. Unless otherwise stated,
the term Consultant means Consultant-Construction.
 The Supplier is the person that is in charge of manufacture and delivery of elements. This
can include the detail design of some or all of the elements (element statics), and the
supplier can also be in charge of the building design (main statics).
 Mounting Contractor is used to describe the person in charge of planning and mounting of
elements, including the design and planning of temporary shoring and support, etc.
 Design Coordinator describes the person who coordinates the total design project basis for
the element design.
 Project Coordinator is used to describe the main coordinator, or project management, in
charge of the main coordination of organisation plans, inclusive lines of communication
and who has decision making competences and deals with time schedules, etc.

Building Sector (Section)

A building sector is a demarked and well defined part of a building.
Building sector relates to space because a building sector, apart from being for example a floor
area, a façade wall, etc, can also be, for example, a door/window, installation, inner wall, ceiling
construction, etc.

Look over and approve

This publication uses the terms look over and approve.

Look over means that something is examined and commented if necessary, while approve means
that a declaration is available, stating that something is sufficient

A look over is a control function that has not got a postponing (delaying) effect. The responsibility
attached to a look over is subsidiary, i.e., the primary responsibility will always be with the party,
or participant, that establishes or works up the material. The party implementing the look over
should always make a written statement that, among other things, documents what has been
looked at, what the extent of the examination was and the comments regarding this look over.

Where works/design or parts thereof, influence other participants´ areas of responsibility, one
should demand an approval from these participants. This is also true where a participant wants an
alteration with regard to something that belongs to another participant’s area of responsibility.
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The documents that form a basis for the building’s design, element design, production, mounting,
etc, must state to which extent a material is required to be sent for a look over. Conditions that
require approval must, if they are not immediately clear, be stated.

An example of where approval must be used is, for example, where reinforcement in an element is
designed and designated by a consultant and the supplier wishes to change the reinforcement
form. In such cases, the consultant must approve the alteration, i.e., it must only be implemented
if an approval has been issued.

A look over can serve to function as an extra control of, that firstly the information has been
correctly transferred, and secondly that any supporting agreements and interpretations have been
understood in the same way by all participants. It is important to underline the fact that a look
over by another actor is no substitute for the internal control – own control and independent
control – that must happen. It is noted that in DS 409.1998, Chapter 8, rules for control of design
are given and these must be observed. It is also important to underline the fact that a look over
cannot be used for implemented before project alterations are implemented, etc.

If a look over identifies deviations with relationship to the project basis, the relevant participant
must be notified, and this person should prepare and issue revised materials so that updated
materials are always available for the relevant participant.

An example of a relevant and reasonable look over can be if the supplier is in charge of the
element design and the consultant looks over both the structural calculations pertaining to the
drawings and the building component details and work drawings. If the supplier is not in charge of
the element design, but only the manufacturing of the elements, it can be reasonable that the
building component details and working-drawings are given to the consultant for a look over.

Interfaces (boundaries)
An interface (or boundary) is an area where the judicially independent participants´ building
sectors touch each other.

The use of the models requires that the building project’s designers consider all the interfaces in
the project. If Model 3L is used, the interface will be attached to the edge, as well as the internal
of individual elements.
If Model 4L or 5 is used, the interfaces will be attached to the interfaces that the supplier has
responsibility for. This can, for example, be the interface for floor decking because the interfaces,
include all the localities where floor decking touch other building sectors, as for example, façade
walls, elevator and stair wells, installations, etc. If, for example, element designs of the decking
and façade elements belong to two judicially independent suppliers, the area between the decking
and the façade is an interface. Interfaces can also be valid for other suppliers, for example
suppliers of windows, doors, staircases, elevators, internal partition walls and installation, etc.
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Typical objects, which are closely connected to interfaces, are building component details and
details of connections between different elements. The designer must, in these cases, show the
formation of these, for example as connection details in principle. The information must be given
in such a way that the element detail designer has an unambiguous basis for his/her detail design.

It is underlined, that the extent of the building’s designer’s services are dependent on the number
of interfaces, and this is why it is necessary to clarify/define this situation in the design contract
beforehand.

Model distribution
Model distribution is the process whereby the building sector and/or elements are referred to the
individual models.

Designers
The designers are those who implement planning and prepare works before they are executed on
the building, for example, in the form of establishing a project basis, doing the structural
calculations, formulation of the work specifications, etc. Note, that both the consultant and the
supplier can have design functions.

Project alterations
Project alterations are changes to the project materials, which are sent to another participant and
forms the basis for his/her services. The project alterations must be handled separately and
independently from the look over, etc. It is important to make agreements about how project
alterations are to be handled, both with regard to procedure and form.

Time Schedules
It is important that there are not only time schedules in each individual commercial contract, but
also that they work coherently- - as a whole, i.e., the many sub activities that are contained in the
same process are reflected, in accordance with Chapter C6. It is of importance that decisions are
taken on the right basis and early enough so that the design and implementation can be done on
the correct basis.
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If an activity is overseen (or forgotten) in the agreement complex so that a delay is incurred, this
will affect the whole course of events and, thereby, be of inconvenience for all participants.

It is recommended that the main time schedule, which is made by the project coordinator,
includes all contract participants, regardless of which trade contract, because there is an
interaction and a mutual dependency between client decisions, design work, production,
mounting, etc.

It is stressed, that a project that involves elements, not only involves consultants, suppliers and
mounting contractors as participants, but also, for example, contractors and designers from other
trade areas like, for example, architects, Heat Water &Sanitary, ventilation and electricity trades.
Client demands and demands from local authorities can also be relevant. It is, therefore,
important that relevant information, specifications, etc, from these participants are included in
the time schedules.

During the process, occurrences can change circumstances. In these situations, the existence of a
detailed main plan can be a help to the involved participants in forming a quick overview of the
situation and its consequences. It is important that any alteration to the schedule process is
quickly worked-into the schedules. The project coordinator must be quickly informed when
alterations are made to agreed schedules.

Time schedules must take account of, for example, that a look over can result in comments that
demand follow-up and possible the establishing of revised materials.

If the project material is part of the tender documents, the final time schedule can only be
established when the relevant participants have been found. A tender of the project requires the
establishment of an interim time schedule, which contains such detailed information that the
bidding contractors are able to evaluate the time aspects with regard to the planning of
production on site. This means, among other things, that expressions for when external
information, which has an influence on production, must be given in the schedule, as well as the
duration and point of finish for demanding external activities, such as look overs, approvals, etc

Shown below are key word examples for some of the conditions, which should be reflected in the
time schedules:
 When necessary information for a participant’s design/work is available, for example, with
regard to project information, mounting planning procedures, etc.
 Duration and finish times for Look overs
 Duration and attitude to approval
 When mounting conditions´ influence on design is available
 When the plan for the mounting is available
 Stage distribution of the element design process, delivery process, etc.
 Delivery sequence for elements

Chapter C6 gives an example of an “ideal time schedule”.

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From experience, there should be special focus with regard to the following:

 Plans for rebates and recesses in the elements

 Casting-in of electrical conduits
 Placement of bearing brackets for staircase elements
 The elevator’s influence on the design.

Service Agreement
The service agreement, which is an enclosure to the commercial contract between the buyer and
the seller, is the document that specifies the extent of the service, as well as the requirements for
exchange of information, CAD-formats, etc. It is through the service agreement that Bips 113A is
made valid. The service agreement contains the necessary supplementary information from Bips
113a´s use, for example with regard to who the participants are, model distribution – ie., which
models are to be used -, who the design coordinator is, who the project coordinator is, and who
takes care of the individual participants´ duties, (that have not been pointed out yet), which
building sectors, including interfaces, etc.
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B4 Terms, principles, etc., tied to the models´ activities

and documents
The procedure for going over the terms, principles, etc., which are tied to the models´ activities
and documents are set up in alphabetical sequence.

Shoring and support on the site

Planning and design of interim shoring and support on the site

The mounting contractor plans and designs the interim shoring and support on site. It is the duties
of building’s designers to ensure that the project material for mounting takes consideration to:

 the fact that it is possible to implement the necessary shoring and support in practice.
 that the necessary information for the mounting contractor’s own design work is available,
in accordance with, for example, the risk specifications.
Design of the shoring and support, for example for the support of elements, includes the
demonstration and documentation of the fact that the shoring and support can, partly withstand
the designed loads and, partly, have such a stiffness that tolerance demands , etc, are observed.

When designing, consideration must be taken to interim effects as, for example, mounting
sequences and things like the support of asymmetrically loaded beams, and the effects that
climatic conditions can have on the process.

Work Specifications, including the Building Component Specifications

The Work Specifications, inclusive the Building Component Specifications, gives the connection to
the drawings, among other things, showing the demands to materials and work quality and extent,
the necessary risk specifications and possible project basis for elements.
The structure and content of the Work Specifications, inclusive the Building Specifications, is
shown in Bips-Publication 100, Specification Structure. For concrete, reference is made to Bips-
Publication B103, Directions for Specifications - Concrete.

Working-Drawings
Working-drawings (production drawings) contain the information and specifications that are
necessary for the production and handling of elements.

The working-drawings contain, among other things, the following information:

 Geometry
 Control Class
 The location and form/conditions for electrical and heat, water and sanitary conduits,
inserts, and rebates, etc.
 Surface types (form types), chamfering, etc.
 The arrangement of reinforcement, ie. type, dimensions and placement of reinforcement,
with analysis of measurement, overlap, bending, etc.
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 Concrete type, size of cover layer.

The way the working-drawings are built-up and their content is controlled by the standards and
directions applying to the relevant supplier.
Building Component Details
Building Component Details (the element details) contain the necessary and sufficient information
for the formulation of the details for the elements.

The building component details contain typical specification of geometry, reinforcement location,
etc, and also the specification of element details, for example, edges, rebates, etc.

Building Component Specifications

Building Component Specifications contain the supplementary information for the works
specifications resulting from the element design, for use in manufacturing the elements.

Typical information, contained in the building component specifications, are specifications of

reinforcement and type of concrete, as well as surface and tolerance requirements.

Building Component Drawings

Building component drawings contain:
 Constructions (elevations) with measurements of the individual elments´ geometry
 Positioning and designation (name) for the installation type (electrical, heat, water and
sanitary, etc) and the measurement and positioning of rebates and other holes.

Building component drawings are implemented in the form of either element drawings (postage
stamp drawing format) or as regular elevation of the elements.

The Building Designer

The building designer is in charge of the design of the building itself.

Building Designer (Main Static/Structural)

Design of the total building, exclusive elements, by determining the static system for the whole
building, inclusive the main stability, load distribution (vertical and horizontal) and the
documentation for the total building’s load bearing capacity, function demands, etc.

The building designer is in charge of the main coordination and gathering of the static calculation
so that the static calculation for the building becomes a whole, in accordance with the Building
Regulations Chapter 1.3, subsection 6.

Element Subdivision
The division of the building into building sectors or elements.

Element Lists
Element lists contain a summary of all elements delivered by the supplier for the project and also
contains the following information:
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 Element number
 Geometry
 Number of elements
 Element weight
 Location of element in building
Element Designer
The element designer is in charge of designing the actual elements themselves.

Element Design (element static)

Design of elements, among other things by documenting the load bearing capacity of the
elements, their functional requirements, etc.

If the design of elements leads to demands for the design, which belongs to the building designer,
this information must be given to the latter person. There can, for example, be stringent demands
for the shaping of casting joints/joints, joint reinforcement, etc.

Fixings on building site

Planning and design of fixing and fitting on the building site.

Fixings are the places where shoring, supporting of elements, etc., happens. In other words, where
reactions from the holding of elements are delivered. Fixings can, for example, be interim
foundations, in situ cast decking or other elements.

The mounting contractor is responsible for fixing on the site, and this includes the design of the
fixings themselves.

Where fixings are made to other elements, the mounting contractor can, for example, use the
element designer as designer for his fixings, in accordance with the section on Casting in elements
for lifting, mounting, shoring and support.

It is the duty of the building designer to ensure that the project materials for mounting takes
account of :
 that established and necessary fixings are possible to implement in practice
 that the necessary information for the mounting contractor’s design is available, in
accordance with, for example, the risk specifications.

The design of the fixings include documentation that the fixings are able to accommodate the
actual designed loads and also that they have a suitable stiffness and tolerance that is required for
the mounting works.

Where fixings are made to other elements, for example for shoring of walls that are fixed to
decking elements, the mounting contractor must ensure that these elements can take up the
loads that they are subjected to. This can be done by the mounting contractor giving the element
designer information about where the placement and loads, etc., are so that the element designer
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can design the necessary inserts. Alternatively, the mounting contractor can design the fixings if,
for example, they are to be done on site as drilled in anchors, etc. Special attention must be made
to drilled-in anchors in cellular decking elements, because positioning is important in these types
of decking.

Joint Reinforcement Plans

The joint reinforcement plans shows the positioning of reinforcement in joints.
Typically, they show the following:
 Reinforcement in joints between decking
 Reinforcement between decking and walls
 Reinforcement between walls
 Reference to connection details

As an alternative, the joint reinforcement can be shown on a section of the plan drawings, for
example, by combining the hole and joint reinforcement plans.

For Filigran, or similar, elements, the reinforcements in the in situ concrete is shown.

Hole Plans
These contain:
 Geometry for the positioning of holes and their size
 Specification of areas where holes can be drilled after the element is mounted.

Hole plans are, among other things, based on the installation project.

Inserts in elements for lifting, mounting, shoring and supporting

Planning and design of inserts, etc, in elements for lifting, mounting and shoring of elements.

Inserts and other casting-in comprise, for example:

 Lifting-brackets and steel tube recesses for placing lifting hooks, etc
 Lifting bars
 Safety brackets for temporary fixing of beams to columns and walls
 Inserts for fixing shoring.

Design of the necessary inserts for casting-in into elements for lifting, mounting, shoring and
support are the duty of the supplier, where it is a precondition that the strength conditions are
limited to the local area where the casting-in happens, i.e., the strength of the actual cast-in item
and the forces it is exerted to is transferred to the concrete.

If the transfer of forces at the casting-in results in the element and/or other elements getting an
effect that it/they should be designed for, the element designer must take charge of this design. If
necessary, the element designer must involve the building designer in this work. The design must
include ensuring that the cast-in objects loads are transferred to the element and possible
neighbour elements.
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If the mounting contractor chooses a method for mounting that is not within the framework given
in the project materials, including the casting-in items given by the supplier, the mounting
contractor must inform the element designer which further casting-in items are required,
including which forces these are expected to be exerted on the fittings.

Demands to the Building Component Details

Specification of demands to building component details.

If the element designer is in charge of the working-up of the building component details, for
example as stated in Model 4L, the building’s designer must stipulate possible demands for these.
These demands must be contained in the work specifications, delivery specs and/or shown on the
drawings. Examples of demands can be stated with regard to geometry, joints, edge formation,
reinforcement in joints, etc.

Demands to the Connection Details

If the element designer is in charge of working up the connection details, for example, as stated in
Model 5, the building’s designer must stipulate possible demands for this. These demands can be
contained in the work specifications and delivery specs and/or shown on the drawings. Examples
of such demands can be with regard to geometry, joints, edge formation and reinforcement of
joints, etc.

Directions for use from the Supplier

Supplier’s directions for use, in accordance with AT-Directions 2.4.0.1, see Chapter B2

The supplier must draw up supplier’s instructions for use of the element. These directions must
instruct about the risks involved with handling and mounting of the individual elements, so that
the mounting contractor is able to plan the mounting and so that dangerous situations do not
occur.
If, during the process, agreements are made about altered handling, shoring and support, etc, of
elements, these must be contained in the supplier’s instructions.

According to its relevance, the instructions for the individual elements must contain the following
(quoted from the AT-Directions):

 Product name/marketed name

 Manufacturer’s/Suppliers name
 Provisions for inclement weather
 Demands for storing
 Demands for transport
 Demands for use of special lifting/mounting equipment
 Information about lifting on the element
 Special supports
 Weight
 Demands for interim safety provisions, e.g., railings
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 Demands for interim shoring

 Special education requirements
 Whether the building component is a danger for the final build
 Use of personal protection

For elements which pose a special risk, there should be references to the suppliers instructions
directly on the element plans.

The mounting condition’s influence on the design

The mounting conditions can effect the design because temporary support conditions, shoring,
fixing and load conditions, etc, can result in interim loads, which must be considered during the
design of the elements.

Design by the building’s designer and the element designer takes care of initially of the element’s
strength, stiffness and the loads it should endure during its ordinary life in the building. During the
mounting, however, the element’s strength, etc, can be less and/or the loads on it can be different
than in the finished building, dependent on, for example, the concrete’s development of strength,
the chosen erection sequence, special loads on it during the mounting process, etc.

IT is assumed that the designers take note of the conditions stated in the Risk Specifications –
Mounting and Risk Specifications – Elements.

It is the mounting contractor’s duty to carefully think through the execution method to be used on
site, among other things to consider the support, shoring and fixing of elements, etc, so that if
these conditions influence the design of the elements and/or the connection of elements,
information is given to the building’s designer and the element designer so that these conditions
can be taken into account during the design process.

Mounting Planning and the Plan for Mounting

The mounting contractor must plan the mounting process and establish a plan for mounting the
elements.

The mounting contractor’s start of mounting planning should be initiated with a start up meeting –
a project look over meeting-, where the following risk-charged points should be looked into so
that the mounting contractor is enlightened about the risk specification – mounting and risk
specification – elements.

The mounting planning should comprise:

 The mounting sequence for he individual elements
 Principles for lifting equipment
 Principles for temporary supports and shoring, including necessary inserts
 Principles for temporary fixing
 Plan for removal of temporary supports and shoring, fixings
 Forwarding of information, which has an influence on the building’s designers´ and
element designers´ design work.
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The mounting planning, including the establishing of the plan for mounting, must take its start
point in the design materials that are available from the building’s designer and the element
designer. Special reference is given to the Risk Specification-mounting, Risk Specification-Elements
and the Supplier’s Instructions. For the latter, it is noted that these normally are not available
during the formulation for the Plan for Mounting. When the supplier’s instructions are available,
the mounting contractor must ensure that there is coherence between the plan for mounting and
the supplier’s instructions. A project can have several supplier instructions attached to it.

The plan for mounting must contain the sequence for mounting of elements. It should also outline
the principles for temporary support, shoring, fixing, etc, that is to be used and also the principle
for removal of the latter.

The plan for mounting should, among other things, give an account of the following:
 The procedure for mounting
 Placement, extent and demands for support and shoring until the permanent building-in
takes place.
 Plan for which dependencies there are for removal of shoring and support
 Lifting equipment
 When joint connections are implemented, for example, when brackets/eye-bolts are
combined, through tension reinforcement are laid and joints cast
 When permanent brackets are mounted and joints, grouting, join casting, etc, have
achieved sufficient strength allowing removal of supports and shoring.
 Plan for railings, person safety, covering of holes, etc.

A control plan for the mounting must be established in connection with the plan for mounting, for
example with regard to control of materials, equipment, delivery control, mounting and safety.
Winter provisions must be included in the plan if parts of the mounting takes place in winter.

The mounting contractor must control that access conditions, the load bearing under layer for
mounting (among other things, the semi trailer, the mounting crane, lifts, etc) are available so that
the delivery etc can happen as planned.
Number Plans (Element Plans)
Number Plans contain:
 Identification of all elements
 A specification of all elements ´orientation.

Summary Drawings – Architect

Summary Drawings (for example, plans, walls-and façade elevations and main cross section)
comprise:
 Main Geometry
 The Building Component’s location and Geometry.
 Identification (classification) of building component – including elements
 Hole measurements (doors, windows, etc)
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Summary Drawings - Electricity

Summary drawings containing:

Electrical conduit types (elevations) with el-conduit type number, antenna conduit, telephone
conduit, etc.

Electrical conduit geometric placement (plan drawing) – if the geometry is not shown on the
elevation of elements.

Summary Drawings - Construction

Summary drawings (for example, plans, wall and façade elevations and main cross section),
containing:
 Building components-the element’s – geometric placing
 Main geometry, which is relevant for the production and mounting of elements
 References to details, for example connection details.

Project Basis – the Building itself

The project basis – the building, is a document that contains the necessary information for
designing of the total building.

The project basis - the building should, for example, contain specifications for:

 Norm basis
 Safety Classes
 Control Classes
 Environmental Classes
 Loads
 Functional requirements (fire, robustness, influence of accidents, deformation, crack
thicknesses, fluactions from normal, etc)
 Fire technical conditions
 Surfaces

The project basis- building should also contain a description of constructions, structural function,
connections, etc. Reference is made to the Building Regulation’s Chapter 1.3, subsection 6.

The consultant is in charge of establishing the project basis-building. In Model 6, the building’s
designer must, however, supplement project basis-building.

Project Basis-Elements
Specification of the basis for the element design.
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The project basis – elements should, for example, contain specifications of:
 Norm basis
 Safety Classes
 Control Classes
 Environmental Classes
 Loads (inclusive specifications of permanent/variable/accident, basis/free, short term/long
term, partial coefficients, association factors, etc)
 Functional requirements (fire, deformation, crack thicknesses, fluactions from normal, etc)
 Building physics conditions (sound, insulation, etc)
 Surfaces
 Tolerances

If it is not the same participant that is in charge with the building’s design and the element design,
the former must establish a Project Basis – Elements that contains the information and possible
demands that are necessary for the element design. The content of Project Basis-Elements is
worked out on the basis of the Project Basis – Building and the building’s design (main structural
conditions). For guidelines of what the necessary information required is, and how demands are
made, reference is made to the work specifications for Concrete Elements, Delivery, which is
contained in Bips-Publication B103, Directions for Specifications – Concrete, where there is, for
example, in the building component specifications examples of the content of the project basis –
elements, including, for example, how loads related to the stability is handled.
Risk Specifications – Elements
Statement of the risks for mounting of the individual elements

The participants responsible for element subdivision must make an account of the risks involved
with mounting the individual elements so that the mounting contractor is able to plan the
mounting process, so that dangerous situations are avoided during the process. The risk
specification must, as a minimum, live up to the demands stipulated in “Departmental Order about
the Designer’s Duties, etc, in Accordance with the Law Regarding Work Environment”, see Chapter
B2.

Conditions, stated in Risk Specification – Mounting, can have influence on the current risk
specification. For example, the mounting of several elements on top of each other can result in the
implementation of special provisions for, for example, supporting and shoring of the individual
elements.

The following conditions should, among others, be considered/stated:

 Decking and large holes/rebates

 Decking with inclined sides
 Decking with holes across the joint reinforcement
 Specially formed walls, which are not apparently stable
 High elements
 Asymmetrical elements
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 Slender elements
 Special conditions for supporting (for example, indirect support)

The Risk Specification should be formulated in such a way that special risky conditions, in
accordance with the aforementioned departmental order, are underlined/highlighted at the
beginning of the risk specification, so that it is quite clear for the mounting contractor. Related
information, for example data for the mounting contractor’s design work, is stated in the risk
specification, with possible references to other parts of the project materials.

Reference is also made to various branch-guidelines.

Risk Specifications – Mounting

Specification of risks for mounting

The part responsible for the design of the building must account for the risks that exist when
mounting the elements, so that the mounting contractor is able to plan the mounting process and
mount the elements without the occurrence of dangerous situations during the mounting process.
The minimum demands for the Risk Specifications are mentioned in “Departmental Order about
the Designer’s Duties, etc, in Accordance with the Law Regarding Work Environment”, see Chapter
B2.

Potential dangerous conditions for mounting must be pointed out, for example:
 Process planning with regard to Health and Safety (the overall planning of the mounting
process)
 Joint concrete and grouting strength, before the shoring can be removed.
 Maximum permissible loads during mounting
 Risks at mounting of special elements
 Element mounting, which has influence on other elements´ temporary support, shoring
and fixing, etc.
 Necessary information for the mounting contractor’s design work regarding the shoring,
supporting and fixings, etc.

For example, the following conditions should be considered/stated:

 Process planning that takes account that the mounting contractor has the possibility to
observe relevant safety and work environmental conditions.
 Mounting sequence, where this is important for the building’s stability during erection, for
example, and the building’s designer must state if it is a precondition that certain elements
are mounted before others, and/or a whole storey must be erected before the next storey
is mounted.
 Joint concrete and grouting strength, for example expressed as x% of the final strength,
before the shoring can be removed, and the next storey can be erected, etc.
 Maximum permissible load on the construction during erection (concentrated and evenly
distributed), for example with regard to stabilising of gypsum boards, reinforcement
bundles, etc., and the setting up of temporary scaffolding.
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 Mounting of beams where there is a risk of tipping (consol beams)

 One sided mounting of decking elements
 Mounting of elements which must be shored by fundaments or similar (where there is no
firm load bearing under layer).
 Columns and eccentric loaded beams
 Great wind loads during the erection (covering of windows with plastic foil, before the
element and grouting has achieved full strength).
 Earth backfill (demand that decking over a basement must be mounted and grouting of
decking joints must have zz% of its final permissible strength).
 Where shoring/grouting has a precondition that elements are fixed to other elements, for
example cellular decking.

It is the responsibility of the building designer to ensure that supporting, shoring and fixing, etc,
can be implemented in practice. It is stressed that the design of the support, shoring and fixing is
the responsibility of the mounting contractor.

The risk specification should be formulated in such a way that special risky conditions, in
accordance with the aforementioned departmental order, is stated/underlined at the beginning of
the risk specification, so that it is clear for the mounting contractor. Related information, for
example data for the mounting contractor design work, is stated later in the risk specification, with
possible reference to other parts of the project materials.

Connection Details
Connection details contain:
 The necessary and sufficient information for a correct placing and building together of the
elements
 Measurement for the building components mutual location
 Statement of the material and works that belong to the connection, for example,
reinforcement, bolts, joints, etc. Parts hereof can be contained in the building component
specifications.
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Selection from BIPS-Publication 113a /2005/translation: eml