Notes
1. Rankine factors Ky and Ky are ratios of horizontal to
vertical pressures, These factors take into account the
distribution of forces based on the filing and emptying
properties of the material. Ifthe filling angle is difer-
ent from the angle of repose, then Ke is used
Remember, even if the material is not heaped to
begin with, a crater will develop when emptying, The
heaping, Bling peak, and emptying crater all affect the
distribution of foroes.
2. Supports for ins should he designed by an appropriate
design provedire, See Chapter 3.
3. In order to assist in the flow of material, the cone angle
should be as steep as possible, An angle of 45° can be
considered as minimum, 50°-60" preferred,
4. While roofs are not addzessed in this provedure, their
design loads must be considered since they are trans-
lated to the shell and supports. As a minimum, allow
Plated Equipment 327
25 psf dead load and 50-75 pf lve load
‘of any installed plant equipment (ini
ete)
Purging, fluidizing techniques, and general vibration
can cause loss of frition between the bin. wall and
the contents. Therefore its effect must be considered
or ignored in accordance with the worst situation: in
general, added to longitudinal loads and ignored for
Circumferential loads
Surcharge: Most bunkers will be surcharyed a a result
‘of the normal filling process. I the surcharge is taken
into account, the horizontal pressures will be overesti-
‘mated for average bins. Its therefore more economical
to assume the material to be flat and level at the mean
height of the surcharge and to design accordingly
Where the bin is very wide in relation to the depth
‘of contents the effects of surcharging need to be
considered
plus the weight