Been Carefully Bred For A Variety

Here, "Doggy" and "Pooch" reroute.
See Dog (disambiguation), Doggy (disambiguation), and

Pooch (disambiguation) for further usage.
Canine
Time interval: 0.0142–0 Ma
Prior~\\OSDCPTJKPgN ↑
Pleistocene era to the present day[1]
Status of conservation: domesticated

Scientific categorizationModify this category
Domain: Anima
Animalia is the kingdom.
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Carnivora is the order.
Canidae is the family.
Class: Canis
Kind: Canis familiaris
Canis familiaris Linnaeus, 1758 is the binomial name.[2]
Synonyms (3)
List
The dog, sometimes known as Canis lupus familiaris[5] or Canis familiaris[4][5], is a tamed wolf
descendent. The gray wolf is the closest living relative of the dog, which is also known as the
domestic dog. The dog is descended from extinct gray wolves[6][7].[8] The first animal that
humans domesticated was the dog[9][8]. Before agriculture developed, hunter-gatherers in
Oberkassel, Bonn, did this more than 15,000 years ago[7].[1] Owing to their lengthy history with
humans, dogs have become domesticated animals in vast numbers[10] and have developed the
ability to thrive on a diet high in starch that would be insufficient for other canids.[11]
Over thousands of years, the dog has been carefully bred for a variety of behaviors, senses, and
physical characteristics.[12] Shape, size, and color differ greatly among dog breeds. They serve
humans in a variety of capacities, including hunting, herding, hauling loads, protection, support
for law enforcement and the armed forces, therapy, and assistance to the disabled. Dogs have
evolved over millennia to become specially suited to human behavior, and research on the
relationship between humans and dogs has been ongoing.[13] They have earned the moniker
"man's best friend" as a result of their impact on human culture.[14]
Taxonomy Additional details: Dingo Canis lupus § Taxonomic discussion: New Guinea singing
dog, dingo, and domestic dog
The two-word nomenclature of species was first established in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist
and botanist Carl Linnaeus in his Systema Naturae. He put the domestic dog, the wolf, and the
golden jackal in the genus Canis, which is Latin for "dog" [15]. On the following page, he
designated the gray wolf as Canis lupus and the domestic dog as Canis familiaris.[2] Given that
the dog's tail (cauda recurvata) is unique among canids, Linnaeus believed it to be a distinct
species from the wolf.[16]
The domestic dog may have descended from the grey wolf, according to a 1999 study on
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), with the development of the dingo and singing dog varieties
occurring during a period when human societies were more isolated from one another.[17] The
mammalogist W. Christopher Wozencraft listed the wild subspecies of Canis lupus under that
species' heading in the third edition of Mammal Species of the World, which was published in
2005. He also proposed two other subspecies, familiaris and dingo, which together formed the
clade of domestic dogs and were named by Linnaeus in 1758 and Meyer in 1793, respectively.
Wozencraft included the New Guinea singing dog, or hallstromi, as an additional term (junior
synonym) for the dingo. Wozencraft mentioned that one of the factors influencing his choice was
the mtDNA study.[3] While some mammalogists disagree, familiaris and dingo are included
within the same group, the "domestic dog" lineage[18].[19]
The dingo and the New Guinea singing dog were not evaluated for the IUCN Red List of
Threatened Species in 2019 due to their classification as feral Canis familiaris, according to a
workshop organized by the IUCN/Species Survival Commission's Canid Specialist Group.[4]
Evolution
Article focus: Wolf evolution
Where a dog's carnassials are located; they function as scissor blades, with the inside of the
fourth upper premolar aligning with the outside of the first lower molar.
Domestication
primary article The domestication of dogs
In Bonn-Oberkassel, Germany, the earliest remains that are thought to be those of a domesticated
dog were found. Evidence from context, isotope analysis, genetics, and morphology indicates
that this dog was not a neighborhood wolf.[20] The dog, which has a dating of 14,223 years, was
discovered buried with a man and a woman. They had all been covered in thick, massive basalt
slabs and had been coated with red hematite powder. Dog distemper had claimed the life of the
dog.[21] The classification of earlier remains, which date back 30,000 years, as Paleolithic dogs
is still up for debate[22] due to the significant morphological variation that existed among
wolves in the Late Pleistocene.[1]
This timeframe suggests that, prior to agriculture, during the hunter-gatherer era[7], dogs were
the first animals to be domesticated[9][8].[1] DNA sequences reveal that all dogs, ancient and
modern, have a common ancestor and are descended from a different lineage of ancient, extinct
wolves than the modern wolf.[6][7]
A typical example of a domestic animal that most likely followed a similar path to domestication
is the dog.[22][23] For many years, geneticists and archaeologists have struggled to answer the
problems of when and where dogs were initially domesticated.[9] Genetic research points to the
beginning of domestication more than 25,000 years ago in one or more wolf populations in
eastern Asia, the high Arctic, or Europe.[10] According to a 2021 literature assessment of the
available data, dogs were domesticated in Siberia by prehistoric North Siberians 23,000 years
ago. They then spread throughout Eurasia, both eastward and westward, with dogs most likely
traveling with the first humans to settle in the Americas [20].[24]

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Here, "Doggy" and "Pooch" reroute.

See Dog (disambiguation), Doggy (disambiguation), and

Status of conservation: domesticated

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