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Python Concepts From Module 2

The document provides an overview of Python concepts including user-defined functions, built-in functions, importing modules and libraries, and comments. It describes keywords and syntax used for each concept and provides examples.

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ronnei
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23 views

Python Concepts From Module 2

The document provides an overview of Python concepts including user-defined functions, built-in functions, importing modules and libraries, and comments. It describes keywords and syntax used for each concept and provides examples.

Uploaded by

ronnei
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Reference guide: Python

concepts from module 2


Google Cybersecurity Certificate

Sections
User-defined functions

Built-in functions

Importing modules and libraries

Comments

User-defined functions
The following keywords are used when creating user-defined functions.

def
Placed before a function name to define a function

def greet_employee():
Defines the greet_employee() function

def calculate_fails(total_attempts, failed_attempts):


Defines the calculate_fails() function, which includes the two parameters
of total_attempts and failed_attempts
return
Used to return information from a function; when Python encounters this keyword, it
exits the function after returning the information

def calculate_fails(total_attempts, failed_attempts):


fail_percentage = failed_attempts / total_attempts
return fail_percentage
Returns the value of the fail_percentage variable from the
calculate_fails() function

Built-in functions
The following built-in functions are commonly used in Python.

max()
Returns the largest numeric input passed into it

print(max(10, 15, 5))


Returns 15 and outputs this value to the screen

min()
Returns the smallest numeric input passed into it

print(min(10, 15, 5))


Returns 5 and outputs this value to the screen

sorted()
Sorts the components of a list (or other iterable)

print(sorted([10, 15, 5]))


Sorts the elements of the list from smallest to largest and outputs the sorted list
of [5, 10, 15] to the screen

print(sorted(["bmoreno", "tshah", "elarson"]))


Sorts the elements in the list in alphabetical order and outputs the sorted list of
["bmoreno", "elarson", "tshah"] to the screen
Importing modules and libraries
The following keyword is used to import a module from the Python Standard Library or
to import an external library that has already been installed.

import
Searches for a module or library in a system and adds it to the local Python
environment

import statistics
Imports the statistics module and all of its functions from the Python
Standard Library

from statistics import mean


Imports the mean() function of the statistics module from the Python
Standard Library

from statistics import mean, median


Imports the mean() and median() functions of the statistics module from
the Python Standard Library

Comments
The following syntax is used to create a comment. (A comment is a note programmers
make about the intention behind their code.)

#
Starts a line that contains a Python comment

# Print approved usernames


Contains a comment that indicates the purpose of the code that follows it is to
print approved usernames
""" (documentation strings)
Starts and ends a multi-line string that is often used as a Python comment; multi-line
comments are used when you need more than 79 characters in a single comment

"""
The estimate_attempts() function takes in a monthly
login attempt total and a number of months and
returns their product.
"""
Contains a multi-line comment that indicates the purpose of the
estimate_attempts() function

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