Standard Method of Test for

Soundness of Aggregate by Use of Sodium

Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate

AASHTO Designation: T 104-99 (2007)

_ SCOPE " "~~ ~

1.1. This mcthod covers the procedure to be followed in íesting aggregates to determine the ir
resistance to disintegration by saturalcd solutions of sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate. This ¡s
accomplished by repeated immersion in salurated solutions of sodium or magnesium sulfate
followed by oven drying to partially or completely dehydrate the salt precipitaled in permeable
pore spaces. The internal expansive forcé, dcrived from the rehydration of the salt upon re-
immersion, si mu lates the expansión of water on freczing. This test method furnishes inlbrmation
helpful in j udging thc soundness of aggregates subject to wcathering action, particularly when
adequale information is not availablc from service records of the material exposed to actual
weathering conditions. Attention is called to the fací that test results by the use of the two salts
differ considerably and care must be exerciscd in fixing proper limits in any speciñcations that
may include requirements for íhese tests.

1.2. The valúes staled in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

1.3. This standard may involve hazurdous materials, operations, and egu/pment, This standard does
notpurport to address all oflhe sqfeiy concerns associated with tts use. It is thc responsibility of
the user ofthis standard to cónsult and estcihtish appropriate safety and hcalth practices and
determine the applicahility ofregulaíory limitatíons prior lo use.

^ REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

2.1. AASHTO Standards:

• M 92, Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Purposes
• M 231, Weighing Deviees Used in the Testing of Materials
• R 16, Regulatory Information for Chemicals Used in AASHTO Tests
• T 27, Sicvc Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates

2.2. ASTM Standards:

• C 670, Standard Practice for Preparing Precisión and Bias Slatements for Test Methods for
Construction Materials
• E 100, Standard Specifícation for ASTM Hydrometers

TS-1c T 104-1 AASHTO

3. APPARATUS

3.1. Sieves—With square openings of the following sizes conforming to M 92, for sieving the samples
in accordance with Sections 5, 6, and 8:
4.75mm 63 mm
4.00 mm 50 mm
2.36 mm 37.5 mm
1.18 mm 31.5 mm
600 pin 25.0 mm
300 fm 19.0 mm
150 uní 16.0 mm
12.5 mm
9.5 mm
8.0 mm

3.2. Containers for Samples—Sieves 203.2 mm (8 in.) in diameter for each sepárate si^e fractions of
aggregate during test. Used, out-of-toíeranee sieves according to M 92, in acceptable condition,
may be used as containers (Note 1).

3.2.1. Coar.se Aggregate—-2.36-mm (No. 8) Size.

3.2.2. Fine Aggregate—250-u.m (No. 60) Size.

Note 1—Sieves 203.2 mm (8 in.) in diameter may be substituted wiíh containers which permit
free access of solution to the sample and drainage of the solution from the sample without loss of
aggregate. Substitution with such containers rnay affect results. Referee testing, comparison
testing, or testing of aggregate to be used in critical applications rnust be performed using sieves
203.2 mm (8 in.) in diameter.

3.3. Apparatus for Immersing Samples in Solution (optionai)—Whcn necessary, apparatus for
holding the sieves containing the sample for immersing into the solution shall be constructed in
such a manner to permit free access of the solution to the sample and drainage of the solution from
the sample.

3.4. Temperature Regulación.—Suitable means for regulating the temperature of the samples during
¡inmersión in the sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate solution shall be provided.

3.5. Thermometer—A thermometer covering the recommended temperature range for solutions during
test and readable to 0.1°C (0.2ÜF).

3.6. Temperature Recorder-—/^ unit capable of recording solution temperature a minimum of once
every 10 minutes for the duration of the test with an accuracy of 0.3"C (0.5°F).

3.7. Balance—The balance shall have sufficient capacity, be readable to 0.1 percent of the sample
mass, or better, and conform to the requirements of M 231.

TS-1c T 104-2 AASHTO

3.8. Drying Oven—The oven shall be capable of being heated eonfínuously at 110° ± 5"C (230° ± 9°F)
and the rate of evaporation, at this range of temperaturc, shall be at least 25 g^ for 4 hours, during
which period the doors of the oven shall be kcpt closed. This rate shall be delermined by the loss
of water from ]-liter Griffm low-form beakers, each initially containing 500 g of water at a
temperatura of 21" ± 2UC (70° ± 3°F), placed at each córner and the center of each shelf of the
oven. The evaporatíon requirement is to apply to all test locations when the oven is empty exccpt
for the beakers of water,

3.9. Specific Gravity Measuremenl—-Hydrometers conforming to the requirements of ASTM E 100, or

a suilable combination of graduated glassware and balance, capable of measuring the solution
specifíc gravity within ±0.001.

~4. SPECIALSOLUflONSl*EQU]RED

4.1. Prepare the solution for i inmersión of test samples from either sodium or magnesium sulfate in
accordance with Section 4.1.1 or 4.1.2 (Note 2). The volunie of the soluíion shall be at least fíve
times the solid volumc of all samples immersed at any one time.
Note 2—Some aggregates containing carbonates of calcium or rnagnesium are attacked
chemically by fresh sulfate solution, resulting in erroneously high-measured losses. If Ihis
condition is encountered or is suspected, repeat the test using a filtcred solution that has been used
previously (o test the same type of carbonate rock, provided that the solntion meets tile
requirements of Sections 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 for specifíc gravity.

4.1.1. Sodium Sulfate Solution—Prepare a saturated solution of sodium sulfate by dissolving a reagcnt
grade of the salt in water (Note 5) at a temperature of 25°C (77°F) mínimum, Add sufficient salt
(Note 3) of the anhydrous (Na2SC>4) form to ensure not only saturation but also the presence of
excess crystals when the solution is ready for use in the tests. Thoroughly stir the mixture during
the addition of the salt and stir the soíution at frequent intervals until used. To reduce evaporatíon
and prevent contamination, keep the solution covered at all times when access is not needed.
Allow the solntion to cool to 20.3 to 21.9"C (68.5 to 71.5°F). Again stir, and allow the solution to
rcmain at the designated temperature for at least 48 hours before use. Prior to each use, break up
the salt cake, if any, in the container, stir the solution thoroughly, and determine the specifíc
gravily of the solution. When used, the solution shall have a specifíc gravity not less than
1.154 ñor more than 1.171. Discard a discolored solution, or filter it and check for specifíc gravity.
Note 3—For the solution, 215 g of anhydrous salt per liter of water are sufficient for saturation at
22°C (71.6°F). Howcvcr, since this salt is not completely stable and since it is desirable that an
excess of crystals be present, the use of not less than 225 g of the anhydrous salt per liter of water
is recommended.

4.1.2. Magnesium Sulfate Solution—Prepare a saturatcd solution of magnesium sulfate by dissolving a

reagent grade of the salt in water (Note 5) at a mínimum temperature of 25°C (77"F) (Note 4).
Add sufficient salt (Note 4) of cilher the anhydrous (MgSO4) or the crystalline (MgSO4-7H2O)
(Epsom salt) form, to ensure saturation and the presence of excess crystals when the solution is
ready for use in the tests. Thoroughly stir the mixture during the addition of the salt and stir the
solution at frequent intervals until used. To reduce evaporation and prevent contamination, keep
the solution covered at all times when access is not needed. Allow the solution to cool to 20.3 to
21.9°C (68.5 to 71.5"F). Again stir, and allow the soíution to remain at the designated temperature
for at least 48 hours before use. Prior to each use, break up the salt cake, if any, ín the container,
stir the solution thoroughly, and determine the specifíc gravity of the solution. When usedn the
solution shall have a specific gravity not íess than 1.297 ñor more than 1.306. Discard a discolored
solution, or íllter it and check for specifíc gravity.

TS-1c T 104-3 AASHTO

 Note 4—-For the solution, 350 g of anhydrous saít or 1230 g of the heptahydrate per liter of water
are sufflcient for saturation at 23°C (73.4°F). However, since these salts are not completely stable,
with the hydrous salí bcing the more stable of the íwo, and since ¡t is desirable that an excess of
crystals be present, it is recommended that the heptahydrate salt be used and in an amount of not
less than 1400 g/L of water.
When preparing the saturated solution of magnesium sulfate, the salt crystals will dissolve more
readily if the crystals are added in small amounts and the water temperature is higher than 35°C
(95°F) due to the chemical cooling effect durüng preparation.
Note 5—Distilled water shall be used in referee or comparison testing.

4.2. Barium Chloride Solution—/^ 0.2 molar solution of bariuní chloride (41.6 g of BaCl2 per liter of
solution) to determine the presence of sodium or magnesium sulfate in the wash water.

~5. SAMPLES"

5.1. Fine Aggregate—Fine aggregate for the test shail be passed through a 9.5-mm ( /g-in.) sieve. The
sample shall be of such size that it will yield not less than 100 g of each of the following sizes,
expressed in terrns of the following sieves:
Passing Sieve Retained on Sieve
9.5 mm (3/s in.) 4.75 mm (No, 4)
4.75 mm (No. 4) 2.36 mm {No. 8)
2.36 mm (No. 8) 1.18mm(No. 16)
1.18mm(No. 16) 600 jim (No. 30)
600 jim (No. 30) 300 nm (No. 50)

5.1.1. Should the sample contain less than 5 percent of any of the sizes specified ¡n Section 5.1, that size
shall not be tested.

5.2. Coarse Aggregate—Coarse aggregate for the test shall consist of material from whichthe sizes
finer than the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve have been removed. The sample shall be of such a size that it
will yield the amounts indicated in Table 1.
Table 1-—Coarse Aggregate Sample
Sieve Size Mass, g
63 mm lo 37.5 mm (2Va in. to I V3 in.) 5000 ± 300
Consisting of:
50-mm to 37.5-mm (2-in. to I V2-in.) material
63-mm to 50-mm (2 /j-in. lo 2-in.) material

37.5 mm to 19.0 mm (I '/ 2 in. lo 3/4 in.) 1500 ± 50

Consisting of:
25.0-mm to 19.0-mm(l-in, to 3A -in.) material
37.5-mm to 25.0-mm (1 /2-in. to 1-in.) material

19.0 mm to 9.5 mm (V4 in. to 3/8 in.)

Consisting of:
12.5-mm to 9.5-mm (V7-Ín. to Vin.) material 330 ± 5
I9.0-mmío l2.5-mm( 3 / 4 -in. to '/j-in.) material 670± 10

9.5 mm to 4.75 mm (VK in. to No. 4) 300 ± 5

TS-1c T 104-4 AASHTO

5.2.1. Should the sample contain less than 5 percent of any of the sizes specifíed in Section 5.2, that size
shall not be tcstcd. When a combinalion of'sízes ¡s specifíed for the test portion and one of the
sizes specifíed is less than 5 percent of the sample, reduce the test portion by the applicable mass
specifíed in Section 5.2 for the size not available.

5-2.2. When testing large rock (broken stone, ledge rock, cobbles, and boulders for use as riprap, channel
lining, ctc.J, obtain the test portion by crushing, splitting, or sawing the larger sample pieccs. Test
only those pieces in the 37.5 to I9.0 mm (1 V2 to 3/4 in.) and 63 to 37.5 mm (2'/ 2 lo 1 '/2 in.) size
fractions when size reduction is by crushing or splitting. Test pieces in the 63 to 37.5 mm (2 l / 2 to
1 ¡2 in.) size fraction when size reduction is by sawing.
Note 6—When the rock contains bedding planes, crushing or splitting will usually cause the rock
to break on those bedding planes. Sawing will usually leave the bedding planes iníact, and Ihus
more likely lo splil the particles due to growth of the salí cryslals in the soundncss test.

5.2.3. When testing large rock (to evalúate a potential source) which will be subsequently crushed to
produce aggrcgatc, obtain the test portion by crushing the larger sample pieces. Test pieces only in
those sizes that will be included in the produced aggregate, but ignoring any material finer than
4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve or coarser than 63-mm (2 ! / : -m.) sieve.

5.2.4. When the fmished aggregate material will contain particles coarser than 63 mm (2V 2 in.), such as
aggregate for use in mass concrete, crush the material coarser than 63 mm (2'/ 2 in.) and distributc
the material among that in the range of 63-mm (2]/2 in.) to 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieves. Discard
material finer than 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve.

5.3. When an aggrcgatc to be tested contains appreciable amounls of both fine and coarse material,
having a grading with more than 10 percent coarser than the 9.5-mm (3/s-in.) sicve and, also, more
than 10 percent finer than the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve, test sepárate samples of the minus 4.75 mm
(No. 4) fraction and the plus 4.75 mm (No. 4) fraction in accordance with the procedures for fine
aggregale and coarse aggregate, respectively. Report the rcsults separately for the fine aggregate
fraction and Ihc coarse aggregate fraction, giving the percentages of the coarse and Une size
fractions in the initial grading.

^ PREPARATION OF TEST SAMPLE ""

6.1. Fine Aggregate—Thoroughly wash the sample of fine aggregale on a 300-u.m (No. 50) sieve, dry
to constant mass at 110" i 5°C (230° ± 9°F), and sepárate into Ihe differcnt sizes by sieving, as
follows: Makc a rough separalion of Ihe graded sample by means of a ncsl of the standard sieves
specifíed in Section 5.1. From the fractions obtained in Ibis manner. seleet samples of sufficicnl
size to yield 100 g afler sieving lo refusal. (In general, a 110-g sample will be sufficienl.) Do nol
use fine aggregale sticking in Ihe meshes of Ihc sieves in preparing Ihe samples. Weigh samples
consisting of 100 ± 0.1 g oul of each of the separated fractions after final sieving, record the
masses of the test samples, and place in sepárate containcrs for the Icst.

6.2. Coarse Aggregate—Thoroughly wash and dry the sample of coarse aggregate to constant mass at
110"± 5°C (230° ± 9°F) and sepárate il into íhe difieren t sizes shown in Section 5.2 by sieving lo
refusal. Weigh oul quantilies of Ihe differcnt sizes within the lolerances of Seclion 5.2 and
combine them to the designated total mass (Nole 7). Record Ihc masses of the tesl samples and
thcir fraclional components. In the case of sizes larger than 19.0 mm (3/4 in.), record Ihe number of
particles in Ihc lest samples.
Note 7-—The fraclional components of each sample may be placed in sepárale conlainers if so
desired bul mis is nol required. If sepárale conlainers are used, Ihe lwo sizcs musí be combined for
the calculations for Section 8.1.2 (Table 2).

TS-1c T104-5 AASHTO

Table 2- •Suggcsled Form for Recording Test Data (with Illnstrative Test Valúes)
Mass of Test PereenUige Passing Wciglucd
Gradina «rOnginal Fraclions Bcfbre Designated Siuve Pcrccnlagc
Sicvi; Si/c Siiinple, Percent Test, g After Test Loss

12
26 100 4.2 1.1
25 100 4.8 1.2
17 100 8.0 1.4
II 100 11-2 1.2
4 11.2" 0.4

63 mm to 50 mm 2825 g 1_ ._ ,_ _ ,,,. 4783 4R 10

50 mm to 37.5 mm 195Rg J " ° - 1 I1lm

37.510 19.0 nnu 45 1525 8.0 3.6

fill '¿ ~\- 19.0 to 9.5 mm 23 100S 9.6 2.2

333 g J
12 29K 11.2 1.3

7. PROCEDURE

7.1. Storage of Samples in Sohitioii—Immersc Ihe samples ín the prepared solution of sodium sulfate
or magnesium sulfate for not Icss than 16 honrs ñor more than 18 hours in such a manner thal the
solution covers ihcm to a depth of at least 12.5 mm ('A ¡n.) (Note 8). Cover the containers to
reduce evaporation and prevcnt the accidental addilion of exlraneous substances. Maintain the
samples imincrsed in the solution al a temperature of 20.3 to 21.9°C (68.5 to 71.5°F) for the
immcrsion period.
Note 8—Suitably weighted wirc grids placed over the sample in the containers will permit this
coverage lo be achieved with vcry lightweight aggregates.

7.2. Drying Semipiés nfter ¡mmers¡ou—Aftcr Ihe immcrsion period, remo ve Ihe aggregate sample from
the solution, permit it to drain for 15 ± 5 minutes, and place Ín the drying oven. The temperature of
the oven shall have been brought previousiy to 110°± 5°C (230° ± 9"F). Dry the samples at the
spccified temperature uníii conslant mass has been achieved. listabhsh the time rcquired to attaín
constant mass as follows: with the oven containing the máximum sample load expected, check the
mass losses of test samples by rcmoving and wcighing them without cooüng, at intervals of 2 to 4
hours; make enough chccks to establish rcquired drying lime for the least favorable oven location
(Scction 3.6) and sample condilion (Note 9). Constant mass w i l l be considered to have bccn
achieved whcn mass loss is less than 0.1 percent of sample mass in 4 hours of drying. After
constant mass has been achieved, allow Ihe samples to cool to 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F) (Note 10),
whcn Ihe y shall again be ¡mmersed in the prepared solution as described in Section 7.1. Cooling
may be aided by the use ofan air conditioner or tan. Temperature of Ihe material shall be cheeked
by thcrmometer or othcr acccptable means before placing the material in ihc soaking solution.
Note 9—Drying time rcquired to reach constant mass may vary considcrably for sevcral reasons.
Efficiency of drying will be reduced as cycles accumulale bccausc of salt adhering to particles
and, in some cases, because ol'incrcase in snrfacc área due to breakdown. The different size
fractions of aggregate will have diffcring drying rates. The smaller sizes will tend to dry more

TS-1c T 104-6 AASHTO

 slowly because of the ir larger surface arca and restricted interparticle voids, but this tcndency may
be altered by the effects of container size and sliape.
Note 10—Experience has shown tbat sample tcmperatures signiflcantly different than the
solution tcmperatnre of 21.PC (70.0"F) may change the temperature of tlie soiuüon lemporarily,
thereby causing a change in salt saturation even íhough the solution returns to 21.1°C (70.0"F) for
most of the soaking pcriod. This may cause erroneous resalís.

7.3. Number ofCycle.s—Rcpcat the proecss oTalternate immersion and drying unti! the rcquired
number of cycles is obtained. Prefcrably, the test shall be performed continuously until the
speciñed number ofeycles is obtained. Howevcr, ifthc test must be interrupted, leave the samples
in the oven, at ] ] 0° ± 5°C (230° ± 9°F) until the testing can be resumed.

7.4. Review the temperature record from the recording unit. Verify solution temperature limits were
not exceeded.

8 T ~ Q U A N T I T A T I V E EXAMINATION

Make the quaníitcttive examination asfollows'.

Aíter the eompletion of the final cycle and after the sample has cooled, wash the sample frec from
the sodiuin sulfate or magncsium sulfate. Wash by circulating water at 43" ± 6°C (110° ± 10°F)
through the samples in their containers by introducing hot water ncar the bottom and allowing the
water to pass through Ihe samples and overflow. The thoroughness of washing shall be cheeked by
obtaining a sample of rinse water after it has passed through the samples and cheeked with
0.2 molar barium chloride. Further washing is required if sample bccomcs cloudy upon addilion ot"
the barium chloride solution. In áreas whcre the water gives a reaction wiíh barium chloride other
analytical means shall be used to assure thoroughness of washing. In Ihe washing opcration, the
samples shal! not be subjectcd to impact or abrasión that may tend lo break up particlcs.

8.1.2. After the sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate has bccn removed, dry each fraction of the sample
to constant mass at 110° ± 5°C (230" ± 9"F). Sieve the fine aggregatc ovcr the same sieve on which
it was retained before the test, and sieve the coarse aggregale over the sieve shown bclow for the
appropriate size of partióle. For fine aggregate, the method and duration of sieving shall be the
same as were used in preparing the test samples. For coarse aggregate, sieving shall be by hand,
with agitation sufficienl only to assure that all undersize material passes Ihe designated sieve. No
extra manípulation shall be employcd to break up partióles or cause them to pass the síeves,
Determine the mass of the material retained on each sieve and record each amount. The difierence
between each of thesc amo unís and the ¡nitial mass of the fraction of the sample tested is the loss
in the test and is to be cxpressed as a perccntage of the initial mass for use in Table 2.

Sieve Used to
Size of Aggregatc Determine Loss
63 rnmto 37.5 mm
(21/, lo 1'/; in.)
37.5 mmto 19.0 mm
(r/2to3/jin.)
19.0 mm lo 9.5 mm
(•Vj to % in.)
9.5 mm to 4.75 mm
(•Vs in. to No. 4)

TS-1c T 104-7 AASHTO

9. QUALITATIVE EXAMINATION

9.1. Make a qitalilative examhmtion ofíext samples coarser (han 19.0 mm f/.; in.) asfollows (Note 11):

9.1.1. Sepárate thc particles ofeach test sample into groups according to tlic action produced by the test
(Note 11).

9.1.2. Record the number of particles showing each typc of distress.

Note 11—Many types of action may be expected. In general, they may be classified as
disintegration, splitting, crumbling, cracking, flaking, etc. While only partióles larger than
19.0 mm (3/4 in.) in size are required to be examined qualitatively, il is recommended that
examination of thc smaller sizes be made in order to determine whethcr thcre is any evidence
of excessivc splitting.

"íol REPORT

10.1. The rcporí xhall include the following cíala (Note 12):

10.1.1. Mass ofeach fraclion ofeach sample before test.

10.1.2. Material from each fraction oí" the sample finer than thc sieve designated in Section 8.1.2 for
sieving after tesl, expressed as a perccntagc of thc original mass of the fraction.

10.1.3. Weighted average calculated from the percentagc of loss for each fraction, bascd on thc grading of
the sample as reccived for examination delermined by using T 27 or, preferably, on thc average
grading of the material from Ihal portion oí'the supply of which thc sample is representative
except thal:

10.1.3.1. For fine aggregales wilh less than I O percent coarser than the 9.5-mm ( J / K -in.) sieve, assume
sizes finer than (he 300-pm (No. 50) sieve to have zero-perccnt loss and sizes coarser than the
9.5-mm ("Vin.) sieve to have tiie same loss as the next smaller size for which test data are
available.

10.1.3.2. For coarse aggregate with less than IO percent finer than the 4.75~mm (No. 4) sicve, assumc sizes
finer than the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve lo have the same loss as the ncxt larger six.c for which test
data are available.

10.1.3.3. For an aggregate eontaining apprecíable amounts of bolh fine and coarse material tested as lwo
sepárate samples as required in Section 5.3, compute thc weighted average losses separalely for
the minus 4.75-mm (No. 4) and plus 4.75-mm (No. 4) fraetions based on reeomputed gradings
considering the fine fraction as 100 percent and the coarse fraction as 100 percent. Report thc
results sepárately giving the pcrcentage ofthe minus 4.75-mm (No. 4) and plus 4.75-mm (No. 4)
material in the initial grading.

10.1.3.4. For the purpose of calculating the weighted average, consider any size in Section 5.1 or 5.2 that
contains less than 5 percent ofthe sample to have the same loss as the average ofthe next smaller
and Ihe next larger size, or if one of these sizes is absent, to have the same loss as the next larger
or ncxt smaller size, whichever is present.

TS-1c T 104-8 AASHTO

10.1.3.5. For large rock tested according to Section 5.2.2, the weighted average (if more Iban one size
fraction is lestcd) shall be tlie arithmetic mean of Ihe loss on the fractions tested.

10.1.3.6. For large rock tesled according to Sections 5.2.3 or 5.2.4, the weighted averagc shall be based on a
sample grading conforming to the middlc of the speeifieation to whieh íhe aggrcgate will be
produced, or the actual grading as produced. If the specillcation grading includes fractions larger
Iban 63-mm (2 A in.) sieve, assumc such sizes havc the same percenlage loss as the 63 to 37.5 mm
(2'/ 2 to l'/ 2 in.) fraction.

10.1.4. Report the weighted percenlage loss to the ncarest wholc numbcr.

10.1.5. 111 the case of particles coarser than 19.0 mm ( /4 in.) belbre test: ( I ) the number of particles in
each fraction before test, and (2) the number of particles affected, classificd as to number
disintegrating, splitting, crumbling, cracking, flaking, ele., as shown in Table 3.

Table 3—Suggeslcd Form for Qualilalive Examination (with lllustmtive Test Valúes)
QualiUUive Kxaminalion of Coarse Sizes
Particles Exhiliiling Distress
Tola! No. of
Splitting Crunibling Cracking Flaking Parí ic les
Síeve Size No. Pcrcent No. Percent No. Pcrcent No. Percenl before Tcsl
63 mmU>37.5 111111 2 7 2 1 29
37.5 mm to 19.0 nuil 5 — 2 50

10.1.6. Kind of solulion (sodium or magncsium sulfate) and whether the solution was freshly prepared or
previously used.

10.1.7. Mcthod of producing particles for test, when rcduced from large pieces as described in
Sections 5.2.2, 5.2.3, or 5.2.4.
Note 12—Table 2, shown with test values inscrted for purposc of illustraüon, is a stiggesled fonn
for recording test data. The test valúes shown might be appropriatc for either salt, depending on
the quality of the aggregate.

~V\. PRECISIÓN ~~ "

11.1. For coarse aggregate with weighted average sulfate soundness losses in Ihe ranges of 6 to 16
percenl for sodium and 9 to 20 pcrcent for magnesium, the precisión indexes are as indicatcd, in
Table 4 (Note 13).

TS-1c T 104-9 AASHTO

Table 4—Precisión lndex.cs
Diffcrcncc
CoetTicient of between Two
Variation(ls%), Tests (d2s%),
percent" percent of average"
Mu llilfthvra lory:
Soilium sulfate 41 116
Magncsium sulfate 25 71

Single-Qperator,
Soclium sulfate 24 68
Magncsium sulfate 11 31
" Tliese numbcrs represen!, respectivcly, Ihe ( I s%) and (d2s%) limits as itcscribed in ASTM C 67Ü.

Note 13—The valúes in the precisión statemení are based on lesting according to this
inethod prior to revisión in 1991. The revisions in 1991 are bclievcd to improve Ihe precisión
of the method.

TS-1c T104-10 AASHTO