PIG FARMING LECTUR: INTRODUCTION TO PROFITABLE PIG PRODUCTION

Pig production is one of the most profitable and productive aspect of agriculture with less risk

Pig are consumed both national and international citizens and it is of high demand in the market

Though there are some disbelieve by some religion on its consumption but it's demand keeps
increasing due to its use in production of drugs, pharmaceuticals and a lot of day to day
materials used by everybody ranges from creams, body rubs, lips runs etc.

It's by products are also used in some areas of engineering.

They feeds on any feeding materials you make available for them and utilize it well for you.

However, their production is not advised to be carried out in a residential area due to some odor
from their waste.

Their feaces is an excellent source of nitrogen thereby used as manure in organic farming.

[10/6/2020, 10:50 AM] +234 813 437 7878: BREED OF PIG

Breed of pigs are categorized under to aspect

EXOTIC BREEDS

LOCAL BREED

Exotic breed are breeds of pigs raised I the cold and humid regions of the world.
Local breeds of pigs are pig raised in the temperate and hot season of the word.

They are hardy in nature and can tolerate moderate and hot season without much effect on the
production

There are majorly 3 examples of local breed pigs namely:

Large white

Landrace breed

Duroc breeds

[10/6/2020, 10:55 AM] +234 813 437 7878: Large white characteristics

They are Longer than any breed of pigs

They are always pure white in color

They usually have long mouth and raised ear

They are a good mother and they produce more litters number when farrow.

[10/6/2020, 11:06 AM] +234 813 437 7878: Land race breed characteristics

They have shorter in length compared to large white

They are white in color, with short nose Snout and dropping ear

They have low mothering ability and litter size compared to large white breed

They are more hardy than large white breed

[10/6/2020, 11:16 AM] +234 813 437 7878: Duroc breed characteristics

They are majorly brown in color or with a tint of black colors

They are also produced majorly for meat purposes

They are most hardy

They have highest disease resistance

[10/6/2020, 8:36 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Let commence the training for tonight

[10/6/2020, 8:39 PM] +234 813 437 7878: The following aspect will be looked into this night

Management method in pig production

Housing and construction

Feeding
Disease and control

Tips in cost reduction

Cost Analysis on pig production

[10/6/2020, 8:41 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Management Method and Housing

Pigs can be productive using 3 method of production

Intensive method

Semi intensive method

Extensive Method

Intensive method of production is method through which all things needed by the animals are
provided for them, feeding , housing, water and total control on the animals

There is more care through this method and artificial insemination is possible

The productivity is very high and there is change of taking care of the piglets

Semi intensive method

This is a method where by partial care is given to the animals In terms of housing and feeding

Under this method your animals can be given morning feeds while they will be released in the
afternoon to eat around and come back later to sleep

Under this method the animals are given little care, the breeding or production can only be
partially controlled little capital is invested using the method and the production doesn't yield as
much as intensive method of production

Extensive method

This is a method through which no care is given to animals, they eat around them self , they
sleeps wherever they find. This method is majorly practices by crude and small scale farmers
and majorly practiced in the rural areas

The breeding can't be controlled and the production is always low

The animals are exposed to predator and theft.

In this method little or no cost is Incured in production.

[10/6/2020, 8:43 PM] +234 813 437 7878: HOUSING IN PIG PRODUCTION

Housing is one of the important aspect in pig production

Pig pen can be constructed using wood or blocks.

When constructing housing for pigs the following should be put into consideration

The wood to be used must be very strong due pig been a very destructive animals if care is not
taken

If concrete housing is to be used make sure the wall is well strong and the flour is also strong

Avoid shining the floor in other words the floor is to be rough and not smooth this will
preventing your animals from falling and wounding themselves especially during mating
In roofing pig pens make sure that more ventilation is created to take care of heat stress in pig
production

Make sure provision is made for wallowing trough in your pen construction especially in hot
areas or during hot season

[10/6/2020, 8:54 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Nutrition and Breeding in Pig Production

Feeding is one of the most importance things to take important in animals production and it
account for about 70% of total cost of production

Under intensive method of production animals are feed with concentrate feed and can be
supplement with kitchen waste, fruit waste, and forages

A well feed animals will produce well all things been equal therefore nutrition of animals is to
be taken very critical

Pigs during dry season need feed of low metabolizable energy while there is need for feed of
high metabolizable energy during the cold season

Breeding

This deals with an animals producing young once.

Pigs reaches maturity of mating at the age of between 6 - 8 month of age for gilt ( a young
female pig) while a boar ( male pig) reach mating maturity at age of 8 month and above

Heat period in pig.

Heat period is a period when a gilt is receptive to a boar. This can be called ovulation season
Sigs of ovulation are

Restless

Noise making by the gilts

Swollen vulval with murcur discharge at the vulva

The vulval turns reddish in color

Note : whenever the above signs are noticed in your female pigs such animals can be
introduced to male pig and conception takes place after successful mating.

Pig gestation period is averagely 114 days ( 3 months, 3 weeks and 3 days)

[10/6/2020, 9:10 PM] +234 813 437 7878: DISEASE AND CONTROL

Pigs are hardy animals that are not affected by disease as other animals does in agriculture

However, they may be manifestation of some when proper care is not been given to the animals

Below are some of the disease of pig

Pneumonia

This is an infection caused by fungi when daily pen cleaning is not taken serious. This cause
running nose and it affect the respiratory system of the animals

Pneumonia can be prevented by good care of the animals and can be treated through
antibiotics injection administration

Swine influenza
This is a serious disease cause by virus

It is very difficult to control and it spread easily.

It can wipe all your animals off no matter their numbers within short period of time

It has no cure but can only be prevented through good care for the animals.

Worms and Plantielmenthis

This are organisms that extract nutrient either through the digestive tract of and animals or
through the blood sucking

They caused anaemia in pigs.

They can be prevented through proper deworming schedule and can be controlled through
administration of ivermectin injection

[10/7/2020, 8:57 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Let start with

Tips to production cost reduction in Profitable Pig Production

[10/7/2020, 8:59 PM] +234 813 437 7878: _Do you know you can start a pig production and start
seeing a good result and making profit writhing first 4 month of starting?_

[10/7/2020, 9:00 PM] +234 813 437 7878: The first tip I will drop is that pigs eats whatever you
present to them and convert it for you

[10/7/2020, 9:01 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Ranges from kitchen waste, fruit waste, forages and
weeds extra

[10/7/2020, 9:02 PM] +234 813 437 7878: They are animals that didn't require special attention
from a farmer except in some cases line when they just farrow ( give birth)

[10/7/2020, 9:03 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Pigs unlike other animals like goat, Sheeps and cow
give births in multiples and they can give birth 3 times a year

[10/7/2020, 9:05 PM] +234 813 437 7878: The first farrow of a pig comes with at least 6 piglets
( baby pig) and it increase the more a Sow ( mother pig) give births

[10/7/2020, 9:09 PM] +234 813 437 7878: To have a pig given birth at least 4 month of start
start with pregnant sow.

[10/7/2020, 9:10 PM] +234 813 437 7878: When you start pregnant sow within 4 month I assure
you great gain after 2 years

Lets analys below

[10/7/2020, 9:24 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Let say you buy a pregnant gilt at 25,000

Each eat 1/2kg of concentrate each day @100 for 120 days = 12,000

Give them concentrate feed in the morning and kitchen waste, fruit waste from fruit sellers or
forages from bush in the afternoon

Your pregnant pig give birth around 3 month of your starting

Leave the piglet for between 4 - 5 weeks with their mother after which you wean them. A piglet
price at wean is between 8,000 to 10,000 depending on location

Let says your pig first delivery is 6 and you sell at average of 8,000

6* 8,000 = 48,000

Your cost is averagely 40,000

48,000 - 40,000 = 8,000

You make 8,000 on a pig for first farrow and if you start with at least 4 animals you can know
how you make

[10/7/2020, 9:25 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Pig production and generally agriculture business is a
business that require you wait a little to make a desired profit

[10/7/2020, 9:25 PM] +234 813 437 7878: It is not a now now business profit

[10/7/2020, 9:32 PM] +234 813 437 7878: If you continue your production without selling your
weaned piglet at 5 weeks raised them to grower stage for the next 3 month and they became a
about 20,000 each

If at grower stage you didn't sell them but continues at that stage

Let says out of 6 your starting animals give birth to get pregnant at 6 month they can be sold at
least 25,000 each

If 5 of them are gilts and at 6 months they get pregnant and at 9 month you have atleast 35
piglets if each of them give birth to 7 at average

Don't also forget that as you build your farms like that your starting animals ( the grandmother
animals also continues given birth at average of 5 months and as try increase in times of given
birth piglet number increase

[10/7/2020, 9:35 PM] +234 813 437 7878: In short I can testify to you that pig production
business is a profitable business because that was what my parent used to send at least 3 child
to school and by God grace 2 of us are graduates and we are doing well planning on
establishing ours too

[10/7/2020, 9:41 PM] +234 813 437 7878: If you want to start with pregnant animals that is
more than 1 pls be ready to expand in short time

[10/7/2020, 9:43 PM] +234 813 437 7878: In pig production you don't need vertinary
consultation except in critical condition

[10/7/2020, 9:51 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Important injectable drugs needed pig production

*Iron destrant injection*

This is required for animals for blood formation

[10/7/2020, 9:54 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Oxytect injection

This is an anti biotic injection

It is important you give piglet 1 ml of this at 5th day of birth

You have to give their mother 5 mils and administer the injection for all your grower atleast at 4
month interval depending on their weight

[10/7/2020, 9:57 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Vitamin Injection

This is another important injection in pig production

It is a vitamin rich injection, it helps the pigs to eat well and supply the requires vitamins to them
as supplement

It should be administered to piglet 1 ml each at 7tn day of birth and their mother 5 mils.

It also should be administered on the weaning day

[10/7/2020, 10:02 PM] +234 813 437 7878: *Ivermectin Injection*

This is another important injection in pig production

It is used in tacking both internal and external parasite in pigs

It is administered not intramuscularly but under the skin

[10/7/2020, 10:06 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Pig doesn't get diseases anyhow
Mortality in pig production is very low or zero if proper care are put in place

There are no much people in the business thereby there is little competition in marketing and
selling your pigs.

[10/7/2020, 10:08 PM] +234 813 437 7878: Manure from pigs are very rich in nitrogen there by
used in organic production

Just prepare creating a garden close to your farm for organic and healthy vegetable production
and that serves as another sure of income for you

[10/7/2020, 10:13 PM] +234 813 437 7878: As I conclude

Pigs are friendly animals,

Against believes that they smell, their level of smell depend on the way you take care of them

It is a sure way of making for millions if you are serious with your animals

They give you good returns depends on tube way you treat them

They give hope to healthy living through organic farms through their mature.

*Plan pig farming, Start pig farm and be determine to succeed in it* !!!