Ex 01 DTD

Exercises:
DTD
Basi di da/ 2
Disheng Qiu
disheng.qiu@gmail.com
Luca Rossi
luca.rossi.917@gmail.com
Hints:
• Use a validator:
– Eclipse has an embedded XML/DTD validator
– W3C Validator: hIp://validator.w3.org/
• Common mistakes:
– Whitespaces
• Tabs are allowed
• Whitespaces are considered CDATA
– Quotes
• “…” != "…"
– Order of mixed content

• Ex.: (#PCDATA,elem1,elem2) is NOT allowed
– #PCDATA | elem1 | elem2
– Non-‐determinis<c sequences
• Ex.: (this | this, that | other)
– A?ributes modiﬁers are needed

• <!ATTLIST elem aIr CDATA #REQUIRED>
Exercises:
2x From instance to DTD
2x From DTD to instance
1x From specs to instance to DTD
Exercise 1: Orders
From instance to DTD
Ex.1 -‐ From instance to DTD
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<shiporder orderid="889923">
<orderperson> John Smith </orderperson>
<shipto>
<name> Ola Nordmann </name>
<address> Langgt 23 </address>
<city> 4000 Stavanger </city>
<country> Norway </country>
</shipto>
<item>
</tle> Empire Burlesque<//tle>
<note> Special Edi/on </note>
<quan/ty> 1 </quan/ty>
<price> 10.90 </price>
</item>
<item>
</tle> Hide your heart<//tle>
<quan/ty>1</quan/ty>
<price>9.90</price>
</item>
</shiporder>
Ex.1 -‐ From instance to DTD: Solu/on
<!DOCTYPE shiporder[
<!ELEMENT shiporder (orderperson,shipto,item+)>
<!ATTLIST shiporder orderid CDATA #REQUIRED>
<!ELEMENT orderperson (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT shipto (name,address,city,country)>
<!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT item (/tle,note?,quan/ty,price)>
<!ELEMENT /tle (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT note (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT quan/ty (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT price (#PCDATA)>
]>
Exercise 2: Le(era
From instance to DTD
Ex.2 -‐ From instance to DTD
<leIera>
Gen/le <cliente> tal dei tali </cliente>,
la informiamo che i seguen/ ar/coli da lei ordina/ non sono più disponibili a magazzino:
<ordine num="1234">
<ar/colo>
<codice>1</codice>
<descr>ar/colo 1</descr>
</ar/colo>
<ar/colo>
<codice>5</codice>
<descr>ar/colo 5</descr>
</ar/colo>
</ordine>
Cordiali salu/,
<responsabile></t>dr.<//t>Mario Rossi</responsabile>
</leIera>
Ex.2 -‐ From instance to DTD: Solu/on
<!DOCTYPE leIera[
<!ELEMENT leIera (#PCDATA|cliente|ordine|responsabile)*>
<!ELEMENT cliente (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT ordine (ar/colo+)>
<!ATTLIST ordine num CDATA #REQUIRED>
<!ELEMENT ar/colo (codice,descr)>
<!ELEMENT codice (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT descr (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT responsabile (#PCDATA|/t)*>
<!ELEMENT /t (#PCDATA)>
]>
Exercise 3: Catene Montuose
From DTD to instance
Ex.3 -‐ From DTD to instance
<!DOCTYPE cateneMontuose[
<!ELEMENT cateneMontuose (catenaMontuosa*)>
<!ELEMENT catenaMontuosa (monte+)>
<!ELEMENT monte (nome, regione?, altezza?)>
<!ELEMENT nome (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT regione (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT altezza (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST altezza unitaMisura CDATA #REQUIRED>
]>
Ex.3 -‐ From DTD to instance: Solu/on
<cateneMontuose>
<catenaMontuosa>
<monte>
<nome> Monte Bianco </nome>
<regione> Valle d’Aosta </regione>
<altezza unitaMisura="metri">4810</altezza>
</monte>
</catenaMontuosa>
<catenaMontuosa>
<monte>
<nome>Gransasso</nome>
</monte>
</catenaMontuosa>
</cateneMontuose>
Exercise 4: Stock/Used cars
From DTD to instance
Ex.4 -‐ From DTD to instance
<!DOCTYPE stock[
<!ELEMENT stock (new-‐car | used-‐car)*>
<!ELEMENT new-‐car (model, price)>
<!ELEMENT used-‐car (model, price, mileage, condi/on?)>
<!ELEMENT model (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT price (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT mileage (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT condi/on (#PCDATA)>
]>
Ex.4 -‐ From DTD to instance: Solu/on
<stock>
<new-‐car>
<model>Fiat Panda</model>
<price>12000</price>
</new-‐car>
<used-‐car>
<model>Fiat Bravo</model>
<price>4000</price>
<mileage>1000</mileage>
<condi/on>Good</condi/on>
</used-‐car>
<used-‐car>
<model>Ferrari</model>
<price>400000</price>
<mileage>100</mileage>
</used-‐car>
</stock>
Exercise 5: Football matches
From specs to instance to DTD
Ex.5 -‐ From specs to instance to DTD
• Consider an applica/on in which the results of football games are to be

represented in XML.
• For each game, we want to be able to represent the two teams involved, which
one was playing at home, which players scored goals (some of which may have
been penal/es) and the /me when each was scored, and which players were
shown yellow or red cards.
• You might use some aIributes.

Ex.5 -‐ From specs to instance to DTD: Solu/on
<games>
<game score="1-‐1">
<home-‐team>Roma</home-‐team>
<ex-‐team>Lazio</ex-‐team>
<scores>
<score /me= "15">
<player>Klose</player>
</score>
<score /me= "85" type="penalty">
<player>Tox</player>
</score>
</scores>
<yellows>
<player>Tox</player>
<player>Hernanes</player>
</yellows>
<reds>
<player>Kjaer</player>
</reds>
</game>
</games>
Ex.5 -‐ From specs to instance to DTD: Solu/on
<!DOCTYPE games[
<!ELEMENT games (game)*>
<!ELEMENT game (home-‐team, ex-‐team, scores, yellows, reds)>
<!ELEMENT home-‐team (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT ex-‐team (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scores (score)*>
<!ELEMENT yellows (player)*>
<!ELEMENT reds (player)*>
<!ELEMENT score (player)*>
<!ELEMENT player (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST game score CDATA #REQUIRED>
<!ATTLIST score /me CDATA #REQUIRED>
<!ATTLIST score type (ﬁeld|penalty) #IMPLIED>
]>

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Exercises:

– Order of mixed content

– A?ributes modiﬁers are needed

• Consider an applica/on in which the results of football games are to be

• You might use some aIributes.

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