Baroque and Rococo Architecture

BAROQUE AND
ROCOCO
ARCHITECTURE
BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE
THE BAROQUE
The Baroque is a period of artistic style that
used exaggerated motion and clear, easily
interpreted detail to produce drama, tension,
exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture,
painting, architecture, literature, dance, and
music. The style began around 1600
in Rome, Italy and spread to most of Europe.
BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE
• The popularity and success of the Baroque style was encouraged by
the Roman Catholic Church, which had decided at the time of the Council of
Trent, in response to the Protestant Reformation, that the arts should
communicate religious themes in direct and emotional involvement.
• The aristocracy also saw the dramatic style of Baroque architecture and art
as a means of impressing visitors and expressing triumph, power and control.
• Baroque palaces are built around an entrance of courts, grand staircases and
reception rooms of sequentially increasing opulence.
• new emphasis was placed on bold massing, colonnades, domes, light-and-

shade, 'painterly' color effects, and the bold play of volume and void. Baroque
architecture was taken up with enthusiasm in central Germany
Austria and Russia
FEATURES:
• In churches, broader naves and sometimes given oval forms
• Fragmentary or deliberately incomplete architectural elements
• dramatic use of light; either strong light-and-shade contrasts as
at the uniform lighting by means of several windows
• opulent use of colour and ornaments
• large-scale ceiling frescoes
• an external façade often characterized by a dramatic central
projection
the interior is a shell for painting, sculpture and stucco. illusory
effects (art technique involving extremely realistic imagery in
order to create the optical illusion that the depicted objects
appear in three dimensions.) and the blending
of painting and architecture
FAMOUS
STRUCTURES
AND
ARCHITECTS
SAN AGUSTIN CHURCH
• Is a Roman Catholic church under the auspices of The Order of St.
Augustine, located inside the historic walled city
of Intramuros in Manila.
• In 1993, San Agustin Church was one of four Philippine churches

constructed during the Spanish colonial period to be designated as
aWorld Heritage Site by UNESCO, under the collective title Baroque
Churches of the Philippines.It was named a National Historical Landmark
by the Philippine government in 1976.
•designed by Juan Macías

CHURCH OF SAINT AUGUSTINE
• The Church of Saint Augustine, commonly known as the Paoay Church, is

the Roman Catholic parish church of the municipality of Paoay,Ilocos Norte in
the Philippines. Completed in 1710, the church is famous for its distinct
architecture highlighted by the enormous buttresses on the sides and back of
the building. In 1993, the church was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage
Site as one best examples of the Baroque Churches of the Philippines.
• Paoay church is prime example of Earthquake Baroque architecture, which is

the Philippine interpretation of the European Baroque adapted to the seismic
condition of the country. Destructive earthquakes are common and have
destroyed earlier churches all throughout the country. Aside from Baroque, the
church facade also exudes Javanese architecture reminiscent
of Borobudur of Java.
PHASES:
EARLY BAROQUE, c.1590–c.1625
• 16th-century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary
of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical
and theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of
the Catholic Church and the absolute state. It was
characterized by new explorations of form, light and shadow
and dramatic intensity.
HIGH BAROQUE, c.1625–
c.1660
•The Baroque was, initially at least,
directly linked to the Counter-Reformation,
a movement within the Catholic Church to
reform itself in response to the Protestant
Reformation.
• Baroque architecture and its

establishments were on the one hand
more accessible to the emotions and on
the other hand, a visible statement of the
wealth and power of the Church. The new
style manifested itself in particular in the
context of the new religious orders, like
the Theatines and theJesuits who aimed to
improve popular piety.
LATE BAROQUE, c.1660–c.1725
• The Baroque style had found its secular expression
in the form of grand palaces
• The transition of baroque to Rococo Occured
BAROQUE
ROCOCO
ROCOCO
ARCHITECTURE
THE ROCOCO
• Rococo also referred to as “Late Baroque”, is an 18th-century artistic
movement and style which affected several aspects of the arts including
painting, sculpture, architecture, interior design, decoration, literature,
music and theatre.
• The word Rococo is apparently a combination of the French rocaille, or
shell, and the Italian barocco, or Baroque style.
• The Rococo developed in the early part of the 18th century
in Paris, France as a reaction against the grandeur, symmetry and strict
regulations of the Baroque. In such a way, Rococo artists opted for a more
jocular, florid and graceful approach to Baroque art and architecture.
Rococo art and architecture in such a way was ornate and made strong
usage of creamy, pastel-like colours, asymmetrical designs, curves and gold.
Unlike the more politically focused Baroque, the Rococo had more playful
and often witty artistic themes. With regards to interior decoration, Rococo
rooms were designed as total works of art with elegant and ornate
furniture, small sculptures, ornamental mirrors, and
tapestry complementing architecture, reliefs, and wall paintings.
ROCOCO ARCHITECTURE
• Rococo architecture, was a lighter, more graceful, yet also more
elaborate version of Baroque architecture, which was ornate and
austere. Whilst the styles were similar, there are some notable
differences between both Rococo and Baroque architecture, one of
them being symmetry, since Rococo emphasizes the asymmetry of
forms, while Baroque was the opposite
• The styles, despite both being richly decorated, also had different
themes; the Baroque, for instance, was more serious, placing an
emphasis on religion, and was often characterized by Christian themes.
• Rococo architecture was an 18th-century, more secular, adaptation of
the Baroque which was characterized by more light-hearted and jocular
themes. Other elements belonging to the architectural style of Rococo
include numerous curves and decorations, as well as the usage of pale
colours
Features:
• characterized by an Opulence,
grace, playfulness, and lightness
•focuses on the carefree
aristocratic life
•focuses onlighthearted romance
rather than heroic battles or
religious figures
• revolves heavily around nature
and exterior settings
FAMOUS
STRUCTURES
AND
ARCHITECTS
Catherine Palace
The residence originated in 1717, when Catherine I of Russia engaged
the German architectJohann-Friedrich Braunstein to construct a summer
palace for her pleasure. In 1733, Empress Anna commissioned Mikhail
Zemtsov and Andrei Kvasov to expand the Catherine Palace.Empress
Elizabeth, however, found her mother's residence outdated and
incommodious and in May 1752 asked her court architect Bartolomeo
Rastrelli to demolish the old structure and replace it with a much grander
edifice in a flamboyant Rococo style. Construction lasted for four years,
and on 30 July 1756 the architect presented the brand-new 325-meter-
long palace to the Empress, her dazed courtiers, and stupefied foreign
ambassadors.
Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli (Russian: 1700 in Paris,
France – 29 April 1771 in Saint Petersburg, Russia)
•was a French-born Russian-Italian architect. He developed
an easily recognizable style of Late Baroque, both sumptuous
and majestic.
•His major works, including the Winter Palace in Saint
Petersburg and the Catherine Palace in Tsarskoye Selo, are
famed for extravagant luxury and opulence of decoration.
The Chinese House (German: Chinesisches Haus)
• is a garden pavilion in Sanssouci Park in Potsdam. Frederick the
Great had it built, about seven hundred metres southwest of
the Sanssouci Summer Palace, to adorn his flower and vegetable
garden. The garden architect was Johann Gottfried Büring, who
between 1755 and 1764 designed the pavilion in the then-
popular style of Chinoiserie, a mixture of ornamental rococo
elements and parts of Chinese
Frederick the Great of Prussia
Frederick had famous buildings constructed in his capital, Berlin, most of

which still exist today, such as the Berlin State Opera, the Royal Library (today
the State Library Berlin), St. Hedwig's Cathedral, and Prince Henry's Palace
(now the site of Humboldt University). However, the king preferred spending
his time in his summer residence at Potsdam, where he built the palace
ofSanssouci, the most important work of Northern German rococo.
Sanssouci, which translates from French as "carefree" or "without worry",
was a refuge for Frederick. "Frederician Rococo" developed under Georg
Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff.
Johann Gottfried Büring
• Johann was a German master builder and
architect of the late Baroque period.
• He mainly worked in Potsdam, supervising the
construction of the Sanssouci Picture Gallery and
designing the Nauener Tor and Ne Palace there. He
also designed the Luisenstädtische Kirche in Berlin.

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BAROQUE AND

• new emphasis was placed on bold massing, colonnades, domes, light-and-

• In 1993, San Agustin Church was one of four Philippine churches

•designed by Juan Macías

• The Church of Saint Augustine, commonly known as the Paoay Church, is

• Paoay church is prime example of Earthquake Baroque architecture, which is

• Baroque architecture and its

Frederick had famous buildings constructed in his capital, Berlin, most of

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