1.8.1 Bacteria Virus Fungi Questions and Answers

BACTERIA VIRUS AND FUNGI
0610-Biology-Paper-4 www.smartexamresources.com 1
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Expert solutions:
1(a)The features of the virus labelled X is Protein and Y is genetic material
Note:
1) Accepted feature is DNA/gene
2)Rejected answer is: Nuclear material/Chromosome
1(b)The three ways in which the structure of bacteria differs from the virus
are:
-> Cell wall
-> Cell membrane
-> Loop of DNA
Note:
Also accepted simple capsule/flagellum/plasmids/ribosomes
Rejected vocab: Cellulose cell wall
Ignored answers: Size/shape/complexity of the capsule
2
MARKING SCHEME:
Expert solution: The function of the flagellum in bacteria is to help it to

swim[ or for movement]
3
www.smartexamresources.com 1
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Expert solution:
(a) Table has already been given in the markscheme, so it has not been done again.
(b) The fungus has a feeding hyphae that are branching and thus have a large surface
area. They grow over the food substrate and release enzymes. This kind of digestion
is extracellular. The nutrients are then absorbed by the fungus.
Note:
1) Any reference to excretion of enzymes or simply' using digestion' and ' just stating
that nutrients are absirbed from the substrate without telling you how they are
digested' ; all stands rejected.
3) Simillarly accepted are ' The roots grow over the food substrate
(c)The fungal spores are carried by the wind and they grow and this is how the
mycellium spreads.
Note: Also accepted is spores are blown in the air and a new mycellium forms
4
--------------------------------------------Marking Scheme-----------------------------------------------------
Expert solutions:
1(a)The features of the virus labelled X is Protein and Y is genetic material
Note:
1) Accepted feature is DNA/gene
2)Rejected answer is: Nuclear material/Chromosome
1(b)The three ways in which the structure of bacteria differs from that of a
virus are:
-> Cell wall
-> Cell membrane
-> Loop of DNA
Note:
Also accepted simple capsule/flagellum/plasmids/ribosomes
Rejected vocab: Cellulose cell wall
Ignored answers: Size/shape/complexity of the capsule
5
-----------------------------------------------------Marking Scheme-------------------------------------------------
Expert solution:
The difference between the stru.cture of a bacterium and a virus is that
bacteria have cells and a cell wall
Note: Also accepted are:Presnce of cytoplasm/ribosome/flagellum/capsule
6
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Expert solution: Four features of a photosynthesising plant that make it different from a
bacterial cell are: they have chloroplasts,have a cellulose cell wall,a nucleous and a
large permanent vacuole
Note: Also acceptable:mitochondria/endoplasmic reticulum/amyloplasts/more than one
chromosome
1
-----------------------------------------------Marking Scheme--------------------------------------------------
Expert solution:
The fungi possess the following features:
Animal feature:They secret enzyme
Note:
1.Also accepted: produce glycogen/ they have chitin present
2.Also accepted is plants do not have the ability to photosynthesise.
Plant feature:
Cell wall is present
Note: Also accepted : Vacuole is present
8
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Expert solution:
(i)The body of the fungus that grows from a single spore is mycellium
(ii)The threads that make up the body of the fungus is the hypha
Note: Do not say hyphae produce enzymes as this answer will be ignored
(b)The fungal hyphae secrete enzymes such as amylase, protease. Maltase breaks
down the starch into maltose and protease breaks down the protein to peptide.The
products of digestion are absored by diffusion or active transport
Note: If the digestion is not mentioned but if you make a refernce to soluble
proteins then too it is acceptable.

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BACTERIA VIRUS AND FUNGI

Expert solution: The function of the flagellum in bacteria is to help it to

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