MT

UK
MT

UK
UKMT

United Kingdom
Mathematics Trust

Pink Kangaroo
Thursday 17 March 2022
© 2022 UK Mathematics Trust
a member of the Association Kangourou sans Frontières

supported by

England & Wales: Year 11 or below

Scotland: S4 or below
Northern Ireland: Year 12 or below

Instructions
1. Do not open the paper until the invigilator tells you to do so.
2. Time allowed: 60 minutes.
No answers, or personal details, may be entered after the allowed time is over.
3. The use of blank or lined paper for rough working is allowed; squared paper, calculators
and measuring instruments are forbidden.
4. Use a B or an HB non-propelling pencil. Mark at most one of the options A, B, C, D, E
on the Answer Sheet for each question. Do not mark more than one option.
5. Do not expect to finish the whole paper in the time allowed. The questions in this paper
have been arranged in approximate order of difficulty with the harder questions towards the
end. You are not expected to complete all the questions during the time. You should bear
this in mind when deciding which questions to tackle.
6. Scoring rules:
5 marks are awarded for each correct answer to Questions 1-15;
6 marks are awarded for each correct answer to Questions 16-25;
In this paper you will not lose marks for getting answers wrong.
7. Your Answer Sheet will be read by a machine. Do not write or doodle on the sheet except
to mark your chosen options. The machine will read all black pencil markings even if
they are in the wrong places. If you mark the sheet in the wrong place, or leave bits of eraser
stuck to the page, the machine will interpret the mark in its own way.
8. The questions on this paper are designed to challenge you to think, not to guess. You
will gain more marks, and more satisfaction, by doing one question carefully than by guessing
lots of answers. This paper is about solving interesting problems, not about lucky guessing.

Enquiries about the Pink Kangaroo should be sent to:

UK Mathematics Trust, School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT
T 0113 365 1121 challenges@ukmt.org.uk www.ukmt.org.uk
Pink Kangaroo Thursday 17 March 2022

1. Carolina has a box of 30 matches. She begins to make the number 2022 using
matchsticks. The diagram shows the first two digits.
How many matchsticks will be left in the box when she has finished?
A 20 B 19 C 10 D 9 E 5

2. A square has the same perimeter as an equilateral triangle whose sides all have length 12 cm.
What is the length, in cm, of the sides of the square?
A 9 B 12 C 16 D 24 E 36

3. Some shapes are drawn on a piece of paper. The teacher folds the left-hand
side of the paper over the central bold line. How many of the shapes on
the left-hand side will fit exactly on top of a shape on the right-hand side?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 E 5

4. Katrin arranges tables measuring 2 m by 1 m according to the

number of participants in a meeting. The diagrams show the plan
view for a small, a medium and a large meeting.
How many tables are needed for a large meeting?
3m 5m
A 10 B 11 C 12 D 14 E 16 7m

5. On Nadya’s smartphone, the diagram shows how much time she spent last week on four
of her apps. This week she halved the time spent on two of these apps, but spent the
same amount of time as the previous week on the other two apps.
Which of the following could be the diagram for this week?

A B C D E

6. There were five candidates in the school election. After

Henry India Jenny Ken Lena
90% of the votes had been counted, the preliminary results 14 11 10 8 2
were as shown on the right. How many students still had a
chance of winning the election?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 E 5

7. Five squares and two right-angled triangles are positioned as shown. The
areas of three squares are 3 m2 , 7 m2 and 22 m2 as shown. 3 7
What is the area, in m2 , of the square with the question mark?
22 ?
A 18 B 19 C 20 D 21 E 22

8. A ladybird aims to travel from hexagon X to hexagon Y, passing through each of the
X Y
seven unshaded hexagons once and only once. She can move from one hexagon to
another only through a common edge. How many different routes could she take?
A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 E 6

© 2022 UK Mathematics Trust www.ukmt.org.uk

Pink Kangaroo Thursday 17 March 2022

9. Adam laid 2022 tiles in a long line. Beata removed every sixth tile. Carla then removed every fifth
tile. Doris then removed every fourth tile. Lastly, Eric removed all of the remaining tiles.
How many tiles did Eric remove?
A 0 B 337 C 674 D 1011 E 1348

10. The centres of the seven circles shown all lie on the same line. The four
smaller circles have radius 1 cm. The circles touch, as shown.
What is the total area of the shaded regions?
A 𝜋 cm2 B 2𝜋 cm2 C 3𝜋 cm2 D 4𝜋 cm2 E 5𝜋 cm2

11. Gran’s first grandchild guessed that Gran was 75, the second 78 and the third 81. It turned out that one
of them was mistaken by 1 year, another one by 2 years and the other by 4 years. What is Gran’s age?
A 76 B 77 C 78 D 79
E impossible to determine

12. Twelve congruent rectangles are placed together to make a rectangle 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆 as P S
shown. What is the ratio 𝑃𝑄 : 𝑄𝑅?
A 2:3 B 3:4 C 5:6 D 7:8 E 8:9
Q R

13. A rabbit and a hedgehog participated in a running race on a 550 m long circular track, both starting
and finishing at the same point. The rabbit ran clockwise at a speed of 10 m/s and the hedgehog ran
anticlockwise at a speed of 1 m/s. When they met, the rabbit continued as before, but the hedgehog
turned round and ran clockwise. How many seconds after the rabbit did the hedgehog reach the finish?
A 25 B 45 C 50 D 55 E 100

14. The diagram shows a square 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆 of side-length 1. 𝑊 is the centre of the square
P V S
and 𝑈 is the midpoint of 𝑅𝑆. Line segments 𝑇𝑊, 𝑈𝑊 and 𝑉𝑊 split the square
into three regions of equal area. What is the length of 𝑆𝑉?
1 U
1 2 3 4 5 W
A B C D E
2 3 4 5 6 Q T R

15. Eight teams participated in a football tournament, and each team played exactly once against each
other team. If a match was drawn then both teams received 1 point; if not then the winner of the match
was awarded 3 points and the loser received no points. At the end of the tournament the total number
of points gained by all the teams was 61.
What is the maximum number of points that the tournament’s winning team could have obtained?
A 16 B 17 C 18 D 19 E 21

16. Two congruent isosceles right-angled triangles each have squares inscribed
in them as shown. The square P has an area of 45 cm2 .
What is the area, in cm2 , of the square R? P R
A 40 B 42 C 45 D 48 E 50

17. Veronica put on five rings: one on her little finger, one on her middle finger and three on her ring
finger. In how many different orders can she take them all off one by one?
A 16 B 20 C 24 D 30 E 45

© 2022 UK Mathematics Trust www.ukmt.org.uk

Pink Kangaroo Thursday 17 March 2022

18. A certain city has two types of people: the ‘positives’, who only ask questions for which the correct
answer is “yes” and the ‘negatives’ who only ask questions for which the correct answer is “no”. When
Mo and Bo met Jo, Mo asked, “Are Bo and I both negative?” What can be deduced about Mo and Bo?
A Both positive B Both negative C Mo negative, Bo positive
D Mo positive, Bo negative E impossible to determine

19. A group of pirates (raiders, sailors and cabin boys) divided 200 gold and 600 silver coins between
them. Each raider received 5 gold and 10 silver coins. Each sailor received 3 gold and 8 silver coins.
Each cabin boy received 1 gold and 6 silver coins. How many pirates were there altogether?
A 50 B 60 C 72 D 80 E 90

20. Cuthbert is going to make a cube with each face divided into four squares. Each
square must have one shape drawn on it; either a cross, a triangle or a circle. Squares
that share an edge must have different shapes on them. One possible cube is shown
in the diagram. Which of the following combinations of crosses and triangles is
possible on such a cube (with the other shapes being circles)?
A 6 crosses, 8 triangles B 7 crosses, 8 triangles C 5 crosses, 8 triangles
D 7 crosses, 7 triangles E none of these are possible

21. A grocer has twelve weights, weighing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 kilograms respectively. He
splits them into three groups of four weights each. The total weights of the first and second groups are
41 kg and 26 kg respectively. Which of the following weights is in the same group as the 9 kg weight?
A 3 kg B 5 kg C 7 kg D 8 kg E 10 kg

22. The bases of the two touching squares shown lie on the same straight line. R
The lengths of the diagonals of the larger square and the smaller square Q
are 10 cm and 8 cm respectively. 𝑃 is the centre of the smaller square.
What is the area, in cm2 , of the shaded triangle 𝑃𝑄𝑅? P
A 18 B 20 C 22 D 24 E 26

23. The product of the digits of the positive integer 𝑁 is 20.

One of the following could not be the product of the digits of 𝑁 + 1. Which is it?
A 24 B 25 C 30 D 35 E 40

24. The lengths of the sides of pentagon 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷𝐸 are as follows: 𝐴𝐵 = 16 cm, 𝐵𝐶 = 14 cm, 𝐶𝐷 = 17 cm,
𝐷𝐸 = 13 cm, 𝐴𝐸 = 14 cm. Five circles with centres at the points 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶, 𝐷, 𝐸 are drawn so that
each circle touches both of its immediate neighbours. Which point is the centre of the largest circle?
A B C D E

25. The cube shown has sides of length 2 units. Holes in the shape of a hemisphere
are carved into each face of the cube. The six hemispheres are identical and their
centres are at the centres of the faces of the cube. The holes are just large enough
to touch the hole on each neighbouring face. What is the diameter of each hole?
√ √ √ √
A 1 B 2 C 2− 2 D 3− 2 E 3− 3

© 2022 UK Mathematics Trust www.ukmt.org.uk