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    Block Diagram of A Computer

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    sybertechcomputer
    The document provides a block diagram overview of the major components of a computer system. It describes the input unit which receives data from devices like a keyboard and mouse and converts it to a binary format readable by the computer. The central processing unit (CPU) is described as the "brain" and controls all tasks by working with the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit (CU) to process data. Memory, including both primary and secondary, is where all processed and unprocessed data is stored. The output unit then displays or prints the processed data for the user.

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    Block Diagram of A Computer

    Uploaded by

    sybertechcomputer
    21 views2 pages
    The document provides a block diagram overview of the major components of a computer system. It describes the input unit which receives data from devices like a keyboard and mouse and converts it to a binary format readable by the computer. The central processing unit (CPU) is described as the "brain" and controls all tasks by working with the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit (CU) to process data. Memory, including both primary and secondary, is where all processed and unprocessed data is stored. The output unit then displays or prints the processed data for the user.

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    Block Diagram of a Computer

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    The document provides a block diagram overview of the major components of a computer system. It describes the input unit which receives data from devices like a keyboard and mouse and converts it to a binary format readable by the computer. The central processing unit (CPU) is described as the "brain" and controls all tasks by working with the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit (CU) to process data. Memory, including both primary and secondary, is where all processed and unprocessed data is stored. The output unit then displays or prints the processed data for the user.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    21 views2 pages

    Block Diagram of A Computer

    Uploaded by

    sybertechcomputer
    The document provides a block diagram overview of the major components of a computer system. It describes the input unit which receives data from devices like a keyboard and mouse and converts it to a binary format readable by the computer. The central processing unit (CPU) is described as the "brain" and controls all tasks by working with the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit (CU) to process data. Memory, including both primary and secondary, is where all processed and unprocessed data is stored. The output unit then displays or prints the processed data for the user.

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    Block Diagram of a Computer

    Block Diagram of a Computer


    Input
    All the data received by the computer goes through the input unit. The input
    unit comprises different devices like a mouse, keyboard, scanner, etc. In other
    words, each of these devices acts as a mediator between the users and the
    computer.
    The data that is to be processed is put through the input unit. The computer
    accepts the raw data in binary form. It then processes the data and produces
    the desired output.
    The 3 major functions of the input unit are-
     Take the data to be processed by the user.
     Convert the given data into machine-readable form.
     And then, transmit the converted data into the main memory of the
    computer. The sole purpose is to connect the user and the computer. In
    addition, this creates easy communication between them.

    CPU – Central Processing Unit


    Central Processing Unit or the CPU, is the brain of the computer. It works the
    same way a human brain works. As the brain controls all human activities,
    similarly the CPU controls all the tasks.
    Moreover, the CPU conducts all the arithmetical and logical operations in the
    computer.
    Now the CPU comprises of two units, namely – ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
    and CU (Control Unit). Both of these units work in sync. The CPU processes
    the data as a whole.
    Let us see what particular tasks are assigned to both units.

    ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit


    The Arithmetic Logic Unit is made of two terms, arithmetic and logic. There
    are two primary functions that this unit performs.
    1. Data is inserted through the input unit into the primary memory.
    Performs the basic arithmetical operation on it. Like addition,
    subtraction, multiplication, and division. It performs all sorts of
    calculations required on the data. Then sends back data to the storage.
    2. The unit is also responsible for performing logical operations like AND,
    OR, Equal to, Less than, etc. In addition to this it conducts merging,
    sorting, and selection of the given data.

    CU – Control Unit
    The control unit as the name suggests is the controller of all the
    activities/tasks and operations. All this is performed inside the computer.
    The memory unit sends a set of instructions to the control unit. Then the
    control unit in turn converts those instructions. After that these instructions are
    converted to control signals.
    These control signals help in prioritizing and scheduling activities. Thus, the
    control unit coordinates the tasks inside the computer in sync with the input
    and output units.
    Memory Unit
    All the data that has to be processed or has been processed is stored in the
    memory unit. The memory unit acts as a hub of all the data. It transmits it to
    the required part of the computer whenever necessary.
    The memory unit works in sync with the CPU. This helps in faster accessing
    and processing of the data. Thus, making tasks easier and quicker.

    There are two types of computer memory-


    1. Primary memory – This type of memory cannot store a vast amount of
    data. Therefore, it is only used to store recent data. The data stored in
    this is temporary. It can get erased once the power is switched off.
    Therefore, is also called temporary memory or main memory.

    RAM stands for Random Access Memory. It is an example of primary


    memory. This memory is directly accessible by the CPU. It is used for
    reading and writing purposes. For data to be processed, it has to be first
    transferred to the RAM and then to the CPU.

    2. Secondary memory – As explained above, the primary memory stores


    temporary data. Thus it cannot be accessed in the future. For
    permanent storage purposes, secondary memory is used. It is also
    called permanent memory or auxiliary memory. The hard disk is an
    example of secondary memory. Even in a power failure data does not
    get erased easily.

    Output
    There is nothing to be amazed by what the output unit is used for. All the
    information sent to the computer once processed is received by the user
    through the output unit. Devices like printers, monitors, projectors, etc. all
    come under the output unit.
    The output unit displays the data either in the form of a soft copy or a hard
    copy. The printer is for the hard copy. The monitor is for the display. The
    output unit accepts the data in binary form from the computer. It then converts
    it into a readable form for the user.

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