CHAPTER 2: LESSON 2

TH E S EX U AL S E L F
PHYSICAL
SELF SEXUAL
SELF

SELF
INTRODUCTION
• Our sexuality is part of who we are.
• Whether we feel comfortable talking about it or not, it is
undoubtedly an aspect of our self that the earlier we
properly learn about, the better we can understand
who we are and who we can be.
• In this lesson we will try to deal with sexuality from an
academic and scientific perspective relevant to
understanding who we are so we may know better how
to take care and protect ourselves and even those we
love.
SEXUALITY ❑It is experienced and expressed
in:

• Defined as “the ways people experience ✓Thoughts

and express themselves as sexual beings.” ✓Fantasies
• World Health Organization defined ✓Desires
“sexuality” as: ✓Beliefs
❑SEXUALITY- central aspect of being ✓Attitudes
human throughout life encompasses sex, ✓Values
gender identities and roles, sexual ✓Behaviors
orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy ad ✓Practices
reproduction
✓Roles and
NOTE:While sexuality can include all of these dimensions, not all
of them are always experienced or expressed.
relationships
EDUCATION POLITICS
VIEW
OCCUPATION HISTORY
ABOUT
INCOME SEXUALITY MEDIA

ECONOMICS SOCIETY

CULTURE
LAW
RELIGION
IGNORANCE ON THE TOPIC OF SEXUAITY
• Asking about or admitting ignorance on the topic of sexuality in
the Philippine culture seems to be taboo or degrading.
• If more Filipinos would continue to learn, whether formally or
informally, about proper sex education, then it may be indirectly
passed on to young children through teaching proper hygiene or
through being discerning of a child’s actions, reactions, questions,
or comments about sex.
• Sexual education is not to promote sexual intercourse but to
promote good sexual health and safety from sexual violence.
 Withholding information about sex and
sexuality will not keep children safe; it will
only keep them IGNORANT, (Hauser 2013).
SEX AND GENDER
• SEX- refers to a person’s
characterization as female or male
at birth, typically based on the
appearance of external genitalia or
other biological characteristics
including chromosomes.
• GENDER- refers to social
characteristics that may be {or
mot be} aligned with a person’s sex
and adopted by an individual as their
gender identity.
ADOLESCENCE PERIOD (12-22 YEARS OLD)
• Transition period from childhood to adulthood,
extending from puberty to independence
• Period of stress, problems and identity
confusion.
• The time of vitality without the cares of adulthood,
a time of rewarding friendships, of heightened
idealism and a growing sense of life’s exciting
possibilities
• Movement toward social and economic
independence, and development of identity
• During which social contexts exert powerful
influences
ADOLESCENCE PERIOD

•Early Adolescence – 12-14 y/o

•Middle Adolescence – 15-17 y/o
•Late Adolescence – 18-22 y/0
PUBERTY: PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
• Puberty – sexual maturation in
which the person becomes
capable of producing
• 11 years old for girls; 13 years old
for boys
• “It’s natural for everyone to
become more sexually aware,
but it doesn’t mean you are
ready to have sex” (Cole, 2009,
p.11).
 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SEX
CHARACTERISTICS
• Primary sex characteristics
– The body structures that make
sexual reproduction possible
(ovaries, testes and other external
genitalia)
– Menarche – very 1st menstruation
• Secondary sex characteristics
– Non- reproductive sexual
characteristics (breast, hips, voice,
body hair etc.)
EARLY ADOLESCENCE
• Start of puberty
• Girls – breast and hip development,
onset of menstruation
• Boys – growth in testicles and penis, wet
dreams, deepening of voice

MIDDLE ADOLESCENCE
• Young women, typically, are fully
developed
• Young men continue to gain height,
weight, muscle mass, and body hair
LATE ADOLESCENCE (18-22)
• Puberty is completed
• Physical growth slows for girls, continues
for boys
• Many adolescents face pressures to use
alcohol, cigarettes, or other drugs and to
initiate sexual relationships at earlier ages,
putting themselves at high risk for intentional
and unintentional injuries, unintended
pregnancies, and infection from sexually
transmitted infections.
SEXUAL VIOLENCE
• Any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, unwanted sexual
comments or advances, or acts to traffic, or otherwise directed,
again a person’s sexuality using coercion, by any person regardless of
their relationship to the victim, in any setting, including but not limited
to home and work.
FORMS OF SEX VIOLENCE
A. Rape (within marriage or dating relationships, by strangers, during armed conflict)
B. Sexual abuse/ molestation of children
C. Forced abortion
D. Unwanted sexual advances or sexual Harassment including demanding sex in return for
favors
E. Forced marriage or cohabitation, including the marriage of children
F. Violent acts against the sexual integrity of women: female genital mutilation and obligatory
inspects for virginity
G. Sexual abuse or mentally or physically disabled people
H. Denial of the right to use contraception or to adopt other measures to proper against
sexually transmitted diseases
I. Forced prostitution and trafficking of people for the purpose of sexual exploitation.
• In our own ways, we can prevent sexual violence, one little step at a time.
• Filter what ideas you expose yourself to.Talk to people who can help and
report to concerned agencies based on Republic Act 9262:
✓Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)
✓National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women (NCRFW)
✓Civil Service Commission (CSC)
✓Commission on Human rights (CHR)
✓Council for the Welfare of Children (CWC)
✓Department of Justice (DOJ)
✓Philippine National Police (PNP)
✓Department of Health (DOH)
✓Department of Education (DepEd)
✓Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE); and
✓National Bureau of Investigation (NBI)
DIVERSITY OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION
• We will always have our own personal stand, belief, and preferences and it
just logical to expect others to have their own. Being able to respect
diversity, can help in effective, ethical, relational, and professional
communication.
• “Many teenagers who have crushes on people of the same sex never
have same-sex relationship” (Cole, 2009)
• Sexual orientation- refers to our sexual preferences towards males and
females, or both.
• Gender Identity- is one’s concept of being male, female, both, or neither
and is “entirely determined by socialization (nurture), not biological factors
(nature).”
• In the acronym LGBT which stands for Lesbian, gay, bisexual and
transgender, “LGB” pertains to sexual orientation
TYPES OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION

SEXUAL ORIENTATION DESCRIPTION

HOMOSEXUAL Sexuality attracted to members of the
same sex.
BISEXUAL Sexually attracted to people of both
sexes.
HETEROSEXUAL Sexually attracted to members of the
opposite sex.
PANSEXUAL/OMISEXUAL Can be sexually attracted to any sex or
gender identity.
ASEXUAL Not sexually attracted to any sex or
gender.
• The “T” in LGBT, which stands for transgender or gender non-conforming,
pertains to gender identity.
• Some who do not identify as either male or female prefer the term
“genderqueer”.
TYPES OF GENDER IDENTITY
GENDER IDENTITY DESCRIPTION
CISGENDER/CIS Gender Identity Consistent is with sex they
were assigned at birth.
Transgender/Trans Gender identity does not match the sex
they were assigned at birth.
Agender People who do not identify with any gender

Non-binary People who do not identify strictly as a boy

or a girl—they could identify as both, or
neither, or as another gender entirely.
WORTH KNOWING:
• An transgender is different from a transsexual. A transsexual is one
who transitions from one sex to another through undergoing several
surgical procedures.
• Though we may have experienced “having feelings towards or fantasies
about people of the same sex, it doesn’t mean you are gay or bisexual, it can
be part of emerging sexual awareness”.
• We may have the freedom to choose to whom we engage sex with and with
how many, but if we are not careful and discerning , we cannot and will
never be able to choose or limit the number of unpleasant irreversible long
term consequences it can bring to our lives, to people who matter most to
us, and even to the society we are part of.
FREUD’S PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF
DEVELOPMENT
• Sex – anything that is pleasurable, sensitive areas of the
body where pleasure takes place called erogenous
zones
• If these psychosexual stages are completed successfully,
the result is a healthy personality. If certain issues are
not resolved at the appropriate stage, fixation can
occur.
• A fixation is a persistent focus on an earlier
psychosexual stage. Until this conflict is resolved, the
individual will remain "stuck" in this stage
 DURING PHALLIC STAGE:
• Oedipus complex according
to Freud, a boy’s sexual desires
toward his mother and feelings
of jealousy and hatred for the
rival father.
• Electra complex - a girl’s
sexual desires toward her
father
Have you ever stopped for a
second to think about the
science and psychology of
falling in love or why you
are falling in love with that
special someone?
THE 3 STAGES OF LOVE

• Stage 1: Lust

• Stage 2: Attraction

• Stage 3: Attachment
STAGE 1: LUST
STAGE 1: LUST
• This is the first stage of love and is
driven by the sex hormones
testosterone and estrogen – in both
men and women.
• Estrogen and Testosterone are the two
basic types of hormones present
equally in men and women’s body that
excites the feeling of lust within the
brain.
STAGE 2: ATTRACTION
• This phase is said to be one of the
beautiful moments of life. This is
the phase when a person actually
starts to feel the love.
• This is the amazing time when you
are truly love-struck and can think of
little else.
• Scientists think that three main
neurotransmitters are involved in this
stage; adrenaline, dopamine and
serotonin.
ADRENALINE
• The initial stages of falling for someone
activates your stress response, increasing
your blood levels of adrenalin and
cortisol.
• This has the charming effect that when
you unexpectedly bump into your love
one, you start to sweat, your heart races
and your mouth goes dry.
DOPAMINE
• This chemical stimulates ‘desire and
reward’ by triggering an intense rush
of pleasure.
• couples often show the signs of
surging dopamine: increased energy,
less need for sleep or food, focused
attention and exquisite delight in
smallest details of this novel
relationship
SEROTONIN
And finally, serotonin. One of
love's most important
chemicals that may explain
why when you’re falling in
love, your new lover keeps
popping into your thoughts.
STAGE 3: ATTACHMENT
• Attachment is a bond helping the
couple to take their relationship to
advanced levels. It instigates the
feeling of bearing children and
falling in love with them
wholeheartedly.
• Scientists think there might be
two major hormones involved in
this feeling of attachment;
oxytocin and vasopressin.
OXYTOCIN – The cuddle hormone

• Oxytocin is a powerful hormone released by

men and women during orgasm.
• It probably deepens the feelings of attachment
and makes couples feel much closer to one
another after they have had sex. The theory
goes that the more sex a couple has, the
deeper their bond becomes.
• Oxytocin also seems to help cement the strong
bond between mum and baby and is released
during childbirth. It is also responsible for a
mum’s breast automatically releasing milk at
the mere sight or sound of her young baby.
VASOPRESSIN
Vasopressin is another important hormone in
the long-term commitment stage and is
released after sex.
Vasopressin (also called anti-diuretic
hormone) works with your kidneys to
control thirst. Its potential role in long-
term relationships was discovered when
scientists looked at the prairie vole.
ROBERT STERNBERG’S TRIANGULAR THEORY OF LOVE

Components of love
1. Passion- The drive that leads to romance, physical
attraction, sexual consummation, and related phenomena.
2. Intimacy- Feelings of closeness, connectedness, and
bondness in loving relationships.
3. Commitment- The decision that one loves someone
else and….the commitment to maintain that love.
STERNBERG’S TRIANGULAR THEORY OF LOVE