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TRIANGLES
11 THALES THEOREM

1. ABCD is a trapezium whose side AD is parallel to 5. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB  CD and E and
BC, Diagonals AC and BD intersect at O. If AO = 3,
CO = x –3, BO = 3x –19 and DO = x – 5, then the F are the point on DA & BC, DC = 40 cm, AB = 105
value(s) of x will be: DE 2
ABCD AD, BC cm. The ratio of = . Then find EF.
EA 3
AC BD O AO
ABCD AB  CD E F
= 3, CO = x –3, BO = 3x –19 DO = x – 5, x
DA BC DC = 40 cm, AB

(a) 7, 6 (b) 12, 6 (c) 7, 10 (d) 8, 9 DE 2

= 105 cm = EF
2. In the given figure, ABCD is a trapezium such EA 3
that AD || BC and P, Q are the points on AB and (a) 66 cm (b) 70 cm (c) 72 cm (d) 73 cm
CD respectively such that PQ || AD and AP : PB = AE BD 2
5 : 3. Then PQ is: 6. In the given figure   , AC = 760 cm
ED DC 3
ABCD AD || Then find AE = ?
BC P Q AB CD
AE BD 2
PQ || AD AP : PB = 5 : 3, PQ   AC = 760 cm,
ED DC 3
AF

F
E
(a) 12.5cm (b) 15cm (c) 17.5cm (d) 20cm
3. In the given figure, DE || BC and EC || ND, AE : B C
D
EB = 4 : 5, then EN : EB is :
DE || BC EC || ND AE : EB = 4 : 5 (a) 80 cm (b) 90 cm (c) 100 cm (d) 120 cm
EN : EB 7. A straight line parallel to BC of  ABC inter-
sects AB and AC at points P and Q respectively.
C AP = QC, PB =4 cm and AQ = 9 cm, then the
length of AP is:
D  ABC BC AB AC
P Q AP = QC, PB =4
AQ = 9 , AP
A N E B (a) 25 cm (b) 3 cm
(c) 6 cm (d) 6.5 cm
(a) 5 : 9 (b) 9 : 4 (c) 4 : 5 (d) 4 : 9
8. In  ABC , PQ is parallel to BC. If AP : PB = 1 : 2
4. ABC is a triangle and DE is drawn parallel to BC
and AQ = 3 cm; AC is equal to
cutting the other side at D and E. If AB = 3.6 cm,
AC = 2.4 cm and AD = 2.1 cm, then AE is equal to:  ABC PQ BC AP : PB = 1 : 2
ABC DE BC AQ = 3 cm, AC
D E AB = 3.6 cm, (a) 6 cm (b) 9 cm (c) 12 cm (d) 8 cm
AC = 2.4 cm AD = 2.1 cm, AE 9. Inside a triangle ABC, a straight line parallel to
(a) 1.4 cm (b) 1.8 cm (c) 1.2 cm (d) 1.05 cm BC intersects AB and AC at the point P and Q
respectively. If AB = 3 PB, then PQ : BC is:

1
 ABC BC AB
AC P Q AB = 3 PB, PQ
A
: BC
(a) 1 : 3 (b) 3 : 4 (c) 1 : 2 (d) 2 : 3
P Q
10. In ABC , DE  AC , D and E are two points on AB
and CB respectively. If AB = 10 cm and AD = 4 cm,
then BE : CE is B C
ABC DE  AC , D E AB CB
(a) 8 (b) 1 2 (c) 6 (d) 15
AB = 10 cm AD = 4 cm, BE : CE 16. In the given figure, DE || BC then the value of x
is :
(a) 2 : 3 (b) 2 : 5 (c) 5 : 2 (d) 3 : 2 DE || BC x :
11. For a triangle ABC, D and E are two points on
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
1 1
AB and AC such that AD = AB, AE = AC. If A
4 4 x (x+2)
BC = 12 cm, then DE is: D E
ABC AB AC D E (x-2) (x-1)

1 1 B C
AD = AB, AE = AC BC = 12 cm, DE
4 4
17. In  ABC, PQ || BC, If AP : PB = 1 : 2 and AQ = 3cm,
AC is:
(a) 5 cm (b) 4 cm (c) 3 cm (d) 6 cm
12. In triangle ABC a straight line parallel to BC in-  ABC , PQ || BC, AP : PB = 1 : 2 AQ =
tersects AB and AC at D and E respectively. If AB 3cm, AC :
= 2AD, then DE : BC is (a) 9 cm (b) 10 cm (c) 11 cm (d) 12 cm
ABC BC AB AC
D E AB = 2AD, DE : BC

(a) 2 : 3 (b) 2 : 1 (c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 3

13. If in a triangle ABC, D and E are on the sides AB
AD
and AC, such that, DE is parallel to BC and =
BD

3
. If AC = 4 cm, then AE is:
5
ABC AB AC D E
AD 3
DE ||BC = AC = 4 cm, AE
BD 5

(a) 1.5 cm (b) 2.0 cm (c) 1.8 cm (d) 2.4 cm

14. ABC is a triangle in which DE  BC and AD : DB =
5 : 4. Then DE : BC is:
ABC DE  BC AD : DB = 5 : 4, DE : BC

(a) 4 : 5 (b) 9 : 5 (c) 4 : 9 (d) 5 : 9

15. In the given figure, AQ = 4 2 cm, QC = 6 2 cm
and AB = 20 cm. If PQ is parallel to BC, then what
is the value (in cm) of PB ?
AQ = 4 2 QC = 6 2
AB = 20 PQ, BC PB

2
 SOLUTION
1. According to question,
RC 3
 RQ = ×AD = ×10
B C AR + RC 8

o 15
= cm
A D 4
AOD  COB 45 15
 PQ = PR + R Q = +
O O 4 4
= 15cm
B CA D 3. C
C

OB OC D
 
OD OA

3x – 19 x 3 A E B

x –5 3 In  ABC,
9x – 57 = x2 –8x +15  DE || BC
x2 – 17x + 72 = 0
AD AE 4
x(x – 8) – 9(x – 8) = 0     4: 5 ......(i)
(x – 8) (x – 9) = 0 DC EB 5
x = 8 or 9
In  AEC
2. EC || ND

 AN = AD = 4 = 4 : 5 .....(ii)
NE DC 5
Let AE = 40  EB = 50 and
Now In  APR and  ABC 5 200
 EN = 40 9  9
 APR =  ABC ( PQ || AD || BC)
and  ARP =  ACB ( PQ || BC) 200
  APR ~  ABC EN : EB  : 50  4: 9
9
AP PR AP 4. According to the question,
   PR   BC AB = 3.6 cm
AB BC AB
AC = 2.4 cm
AP AD = 2.1 cm
  BC AE = ?
AP  PB A
5 45
 PR  18  cm
8 4 D E

AP AR 5
and   B C
PB RC 3 A A

similarly,  CRQ ~  CAD

RQ RC
 = B C D E
AD AC
ABC ~ ADE

3
 AB BC AC 3 FM
  
AD DE AE 5 40
FM = 24 cm
3.6 2.4
 EF = EM + FM = 42 + 24 = 66 cm
2.1 AE
6. According to the question, Let draw a imaginary
2.1  2.4 line DM which is parallel to EF.
AE =
3.6
AE = 1.4 cm A
5. According to the question,

D 40 C 2 F
E
2 M
3
E F
M B C
3 2 D 3

A B
105 In  ADM.
AB = 105 cm By using B.P.T.
DC = 40 cm AE AF 2
 
DE 2 ED FM 3

EA 3 In  CBF By using B.P.T.
In  ADB, E & M are the mid points of AD & BD. CD CM 3
 
By using B.P.T. theorem. DB FM 2
 to make FM same
D
AF : FM : MC
2 2 2×2= 4 3×2= 6
E M 2×3= 6 3×3= 9
3 3 4 : 6 : 9

A B  Length of AC = AF + FM + MC
105
= 4 + 6 + 9 = 19 units
DE DM 2 19 units = 760
 
EA MB 3 760
1 unit =
19
DE DM EM
 
DA DB AB 760
2 units = ×2 = 80 cm
19
2 EM
  AE = 2 units = 80 cm
5 105
7. According to Question
EM = 42 cm
Given:
In  BDC, M & F are the mid points of BC & BD A
By using B.P.T theorem AP=QC
AQ=9cm
9
BP= 4cm
Let AP =xcm P. .Q
B
4

C
3 3 B

F M APQ  ABC
To apply similarity property
2 2
AP AQ
C D 
BP QC
x 9
BF FM 
 4 x
BC CD x = 36
2

4
 x=6 11. According to question
 AP = 6 cm
8. According to question
1 1
D E
3 3

B C
Given: By using B.P.T
AD AE DE
 
AB AC BC
AP 1 AD DE
 AQ = 3  ,
PB 2 AB BC
To apply similar triangle property. 1 DE
 ,
AP AQ PQ 4 12
= = DE = 3 cm
AB AC BC
12. According to question
1 3 Given:

3 AC
AC = 9 cm A
9. According to question
1
D E
1

B C

B C AB = 2AD
AB 2
AB 3 =
Given:  AD 1
PB 1
By applying B.P.T
AP AQ PQ
To apply B.P.T   AD DE AE
AB AC BC = =
AB BC AC
PQ 2
 DE 1
BC 3 =
10. According to question BC 2
13. According to question
A

3
D E
5
B C
B C

Given: AB = 10 cm Given: AD = 3, BD = 5
AD = 4 cm AB = 8, AC = 4
DE||AC AE = ?
 ABC   DBE By applying B.P.T
AD AE DE
BD BE  
 AD  CE AB AC BC
BE 6 3 AE
 
CE 4 8 4
BE 3
 3
CE 2 AE = = 1.5 cm
2

5
14. In  ABC , DE||BC AP AQ 1
 
A BP QC 2
5
 QC = 2AQ
9 D 5 E  QC = 2 × 3 = 6
4  AC = AQ +QC
9
B C = 3 + 6 = 9 cm
AE AD DE
= =
AC AB BC
(Basic Prop. theorem)
AD 5
Here, =
DB 4
AD DE 5
 = =
AB BC 9
 DE : BC = 5 : 9

15. A
4 2
20
P Q
6 2

B C

In  APQ &  ABC

AP AQ
=
AB AC

AP 4 2
=
20 10 2

20  2
AP = = 8cm
5
PB = AB – AP = 20 – 8 = 12 cm

AD AE
16.  (by basic proportionality theorem (DE ||
DB EC
BC)
x x 2
 x  2  x 1

 x2  x  x2  4  x  4
17. A

P Q

B C