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    BIOS

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    marjun.delarama
    The BIOS is firmware that initializes hardware and allows an operating system to load. It is the first code run when a PC powers on. The BIOS identifies and tests components like the display, disk drives, and other hardware. It sets the machine to a known state so compatible software can be loaded and given control of the PC. The BIOS acts as an interface between the operating system and hardware. It comes preinstalled on the computer's motherboard as a ROM chip and performs tasks like a power-on self-test of components and a setup program to configure settings.

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    BIOS

    Uploaded by

    marjun.delarama
    35 views26 pages
    The BIOS is firmware that initializes hardware and allows an operating system to load. It is the first code run when a PC powers on. The BIOS identifies and tests components like the display, disk drives, and other hardware. It sets the machine to a known state so compatible software can be loaded and given control of the PC. The BIOS acts as an interface between the operating system and hardware. It comes preinstalled on the computer's motherboard as a ROM chip and performs tasks like a power-on self-test of components and a setup program to configure settings.

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    The BIOS is firmware that initializes hardware and allows an operating system to load. It is the first code run when a PC powers on. The BIOS identifies and tests components like the display, disk drives, and other hardware. It sets the machine to a known state so compatible software can be loaded and given control of the PC. The BIOS acts as an interface between the operating system and hardware. It comes preinstalled on the computer's motherboard as a ROM chip and performs tasks like a power-on self-test of components and a setup program to configure settings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    35 views26 pages

    BIOS

    Uploaded by

    marjun.delarama
    The BIOS is firmware that initializes hardware and allows an operating system to load. It is the first code run when a PC powers on. The BIOS identifies and tests components like the display, disk drives, and other hardware. It sets the machine to a known state so compatible software can be loaded and given control of the PC. The BIOS acts as an interface between the operating system and hardware. It comes preinstalled on the computer's motherboard as a ROM chip and performs tasks like a power-on self-test of components and a setup program to configure settings.

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    What is Bios?

    The BIOS is boot firmware, designed to be the


    first code run by a PC when powered on. The
    initial function of the BIOS is to identify, test,
    and initialize system devices such as the video
    display card, hard disk, floppy disk and other
    hardware. The BIOS sets the machine
    hardware into a known state, so that software
    stored on compatible media can be loaded,
    executed, and given control of the PC.
    Bios as interface between
    OS and Hardware
    The BIOS in a PC comes from
    three possible sources:

    •Motherboard ROM
    •Adapter card ROM (such as that
    found on a video card)
    •Loaded into RAM from disk (device
    drivers)
    Motherboard Bios
    All motherboards must have a special chip containing software
    called the ROM BIOS. This ROM chip contains the startup
    programs and drivers used to get the system running and act as
    the interface to the basic hardware in the system. When you
    turn on a system, the power on self test (POST) in the BIOS also
    tests the major components in the system. Additionally, you can
    run a setup program to store system configuration data in the
    CMOS memory, which is powered by a battery on the
    motherboard. This CMOS RAM is often called NVRAM
    (nonvolatile RAM) because it runs on about 1 millionth of an
    amp of electrical current and can store data for years when
    powered by a tiny lithium battery.
    FUNCTIONS OF
    THE BIOS
    POST (power on self test).

    The POST tests your computer's processor,


    memory, chipset, video adapter, disk
    controllers, disk drives, keyboard, and other
    crucial components.
    Setup
    The system configuration and setup program is usually
    a menu-driven program activated by pressing a special
    key during the POST, and it enables you to configure the
    motherboard and chipset settings along with the date
    and time, passwords, disk drives, and other basic system
    settings. You also can control the power-management
    settings and boot-drive sequence from the BIOS Setup,
    and on some systems, you can also configure CPU timing
    and clock-multiplier settings.
    Setup Screen
    Bootstrap loader
    A routine that reads the first physical sector of various disk drives looking
    for a valid master boot record (MBR). If one meeting certain minimum
    criteria (ending in the signature bytes 55AAh) is found, the code within is
    executed. The MBR program code then continues the boot process by
    reading the first physical sector of the bootable volume, which is the start
    of the volume boot record (VBR).
    Types of BIOS
    •Amibios
    •Awardbios
    •Flashbios
    Amibios
    Awardbios
    Flashbios
    CMOS
    Setup Specifications
    Typical BIOS Setup Menus

    •Maintenance
    •Main
    •Advanced
    •Security
    •Power
    •Boot
    •Exit
    Main

    Allocates resources for hardware components.


    Advanced

    Specifies advanced features


    available through the chipset.
    Power

    Specifies power management features.


    Boot

    Specifies boot options and power


    supply controls.
    Exit

    Saves or discards changes to the setup


    program options.
    Setup Configuration
    Common manufacturers
    • American Megatrends
    • Insyde Software
    • Phoenix Technologies
    • Byosoft
    UEFI vs Legacy BIOS & Boot Mode
    Explained
    • https://www.technewstoday.com/bios-vs-uefi/

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