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    Name:-Priti Madukar Bawne

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    Hypnotics and sedatives are pharmacological agents that induce sleep or relieve anxiety. Barbiturates and benzodiazepines are common classes that vary in duration of action. Potential side effects include megaloblastic anemia, oliguria, and dependence. Therapeutic uses include treatment of anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. Overdose can cause marked excitement, respiratory failure, and death. Treatment focuses on gastric lavage and hospitalization.

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    Name:-Priti Madukar Bawne

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    Hypnotics and sedatives are pharmacological agents that induce sleep or relieve anxiety. Barbiturates and benzodiazepines are common classes that vary in duration of action. Potential side effects include megaloblastic anemia, oliguria, and dependence. Therapeutic uses include treatment of anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. Overdose can cause marked excitement, respiratory failure, and death. Treatment focuses on gastric lavage and hospitalization.

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    Hypnotics and sedatives are pharmacological agents that induce sleep or relieve anxiety. Barbiturates and benzodiazepines are common classes that vary in duration of action. Potential side effects include megaloblastic anemia, oliguria, and dependence. Therapeutic uses include treatment of anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. Overdose can cause marked excitement, respiratory failure, and death. Treatment focuses on gastric lavage and hospitalization.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    25 views11 pages

    Name:-Priti Madukar Bawne

    Uploaded by

    sampleabc4
    Hypnotics and sedatives are pharmacological agents that induce sleep or relieve anxiety. Barbiturates and benzodiazepines are common classes that vary in duration of action. Potential side effects include megaloblastic anemia, oliguria, and dependence. Therapeutic uses include treatment of anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. Overdose can cause marked excitement, respiratory failure, and death. Treatment focuses on gastric lavage and hospitalization.

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    of 11

    Name :- priti madukar bawne

    1. Hypnotics
    2. Sedative
    3. Classification. Barbiturates and non barbiturates
    4. Side effects
    5. Therapeutic uses
    6. Preparation
    7. Couse
    8. Symptom
    9. Treatment
    1. Hypnotics

     These are pharmacological agents, which when administered natural sleep, i.e
    Non. Rapid eye-ball movement {NREM} sleep

    2 Sedatives:

     These are pharmacological agents which when administered relieve anxiets,


    stress and tension by bindlucing drowsiness.
     Classification

    Hypno sedatives are classified according to group and their


    duration of action as follow
    (1) Barbiturates

    No. Type Duration of sleep Examples


    1. Long acting 8 hours / more phenobarbitone
    2. Intermediat acting 4 – 8 hours Amylobarbitone,blutobarbitone
    3. Short acting Less than 4 hours Secobrabitone, hexobarbitone
    4. Ultra short acting Very short duration thiopentone, kemithal
    (2) Non – barbiturates
    benzodiazepines:
    • chlordiazepoxide
    • Diazepam
    • Flurazepam
    • Nitrazepam
     Side effects:
    • Megaloblastic anaemia
    • Oliguria
    • Dependence.
     Therapeutic uses:

    • As sedative, hypnotic
    • As anti-epileptic agent
    • Pre-anaesthetic agent,
    • As general anaesthetic.
    • In psychiatric disardes like anxiety and hysteria.
     Preparations:

    Drug Trade name dose

    Phenobarbitone Gardenal, luminal 30 mg, 60 mg tan, oral


    Butobarbitone Soneryl 100 mg tab, oral
    amylobarbitone Amytal 60 mg tab oral
     Barbiturate poisoning:

    Cause:
    • Drug automatism.
    • Accidental overdoses by drug addicts.
    • Sucidal intention
     Symptoms:

    • Marked excitement.
    • Renal failure.
    • Pulmonary edema
    • Cardiac irregularities
    • Respiratory failure.
     treatment:

    Hospitalization and gastric lavage:


    If patient is conscious, and if within four hours after ingestion, patient is hospitaliazed,
    Vomiting can be include with syrup of ipecac or concentrated salt solution
    If patient is unconscious, simple stomach wash and removal of gastric contents is fruitful.

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