The Specification, drawings and design details contained in this document are the property of STERLITE POWER GRID

VENTURES LTD.
These shall not be reproduced, used or copied, except in the way permitted by the owner SPGVL.

Standard Specification
for
Substation Automation System
SS-11-2007

00 07.08.2019 Issued as standard specification JC SM RS

Rev. Date Details Prepared Reviewed Approved
Document
Rev.
Number
Standard Specification for Substation Automation System
SS-11-2007 00
SS-11-2007 Rev 00 07-08-2019
Standard Specification for Substation Automation System

Revision History

Revision Date Remarks

Rev. 00 07.08.2007 First Issue

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Standard Specification for Substation Automation System

1. GENERAL

The substation automation system shall be offered from a manufacturer who must have
designed, manufactured, tested, installed and Commissioned substation automation
system which must be in satisfactory operation on 220kV system or higher for at least 2
(Two) years as on the date of bid opening.

The Substation Automation System (SAS) shall be installed to control and monitor all the
sub-station equipment from remote control centre (RCC) as well as from local control
centre.

The SAS shall contain the following main functional parts

• Bay Control Intelligence Electronic Devices (IED s) for control and monitoring.
• Station Human Machine Interface (HMI)
• Redundant managed switched Ethernet Local Area Network communication
infrastructure with hot standby.
• Gateway for Remote Control via industrial grade hardware (from Remote Control
Centre) through IEC60870-5-104 protocol.
• Gateway for Remote Supervisory Control from Regional Load Dispatch Centre (RLDC), the
gateway should be able to communicate with RLDC on IEC 60870-5-101or104 protocol as
applicable to the project.

It shall be the contractor’s responsibility to make available at input of RLDC system, flow
of desired data (subject to availability of any communication medium between Gateways
to RLDC/ RCC system which is not specifically included in scope of this contract). The
requirement of IO point shall be worked out by the contractor during detailed
engineering.

It shall enable local station control via a PC by means of human machine interface (HMI)
and control software package, which shall contain an extensive range of supervisory
control and data acquisition (SCADA) functions.

It shall include communication gateway, intelligent electronic devices (IED) for bay
control and inter IED communication infrastructure.

The communication gateway shall facilitate the information flow with remote control
centers. The bay level intelligent electronic devices (IED) for protection and control shall
provide the direct connection to the switchgear without the need of interposing
components and perform control, protection, and monitoring functions.

2. SYSTEM DESIGN
2.1 General system design

The Substation Automation System (SAS) shall be suitable for operation and monitoring of
the complete substation including future extensions as given in Project Single Line
Diagram. The systems shall be of the state-of-the art suitable for operation under
electrical environment present in Extra high voltage substations, follow the latest
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engineering practice, ensure long-term compatibility requirements and continuity of

equipment supply and the safety of the operating staff.

The offered SAS shall support remote control and monitoring from Remote Control
centres via gateways

The system shall incorporate the control, monitoring and protection functions specified,
self- monitoring, signaling and testing facilities, measuring as well as memory functions,
event recording and evaluation of disturbance records.

Maintenance, modification or extension of components should not cause a shutdown of

the whole substation automation system. Self-monitoring of components, modules and
communication shall be incorporated to increase the availability and the reliability of the
equipment and minimize maintenance.

Contractor shall consider Bay Level Monitoring & Control of Substation Equipment
(wherein a bay comprises of one circuit breaker and associated disconnector, earth
switches and instrument transformer) integrated to a Centralized Station Level HMI
through Local Area Network (LAN) communicating over IEC61850 protocol.

Bay Control Panel (with Bay Control Unit mounted) shall be placed along with relay and
protection panels (described in other sections of technical specifications) housed in air-
conditioned Switchyard Panel Rooms, suitably located in switchyard. Station HMI shall be
placed in Control Room building

2.2 System architecture

The SAS shall be based on a de-centralized architecture and on a concept of bay-level

controlled, distributed intelligence. All functions shall be de-centralized, object-oriented
and located as close as possible to the monitored/ controlled objects.

The main process information of the station shall be stored in distributed databases. The
typical SAS architecture shall be structured in two levels, i.e. in a station and a bay level.
At bay level, the IEDs shall provide all bay level functions regarding control, monitoring
and protection, inputs for status indication and outputs for commands. The IEDs should
be directly connected to the switchgear without any need for additional interposition or
transducers.

Each bay control IED shall be independent from each other and its functioning shall not
be affected by any fault occurring in any of the other bay control units of the station.
The data exchange between the electronic devices on bay and station level shall take
place via the communication infrastructure. This shall be realized using fibre-optic cables,
thereby guaranteeing disturbance free communication. The fibre optic cables shall be run
in G.I. conduit pipes.

Data exchange is to be realized using IEC 61850 protocol with a redundant managed
switched Ethernet communication infrastructure. The communication shall be made in
fault tolerant ring in redundant mode, excluding the links between individual bay IEDs to
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switch wherein the redundant connections are not envisaged, such that failure of one set
of fibre or one Ethernet Switch shall not affect the normal operation of the SAS. However
failure of fibre or Ethernet Switch shall be alarmed in SAS. Each fibre optic cable shall have
four (4) spare fibres.

At station level, the entire station shall be controlled and supervised from the station HMI.
It shall also be possible to control and monitor the bay from the bay level equipment at all
times. Clear control priorities shall prevent operation of a single switch at the same time
from more than one of the various control levels, i.e. RCC, station HMI, bay level or
apparatus level. The priority shall always be on the lowest enabled control level. The
station level contains the station-oriented functions, which cannot be realized at bay level,
e.g. alarm list or event list related to the entire substation, gateway for the communication
with remote control centres.

The GPS time synchronizing signal (as specified in the section relay & protection) for
the synchronization of the entire system shall be provided.

3. FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

The high-voltage apparatus within the station shall be operated from different places:

➢ Remote control centres

➢ Station HMI.
➢ Local Bay controller IED (in the bays)

Operation shall be possible by only one operator at a time.

The operation shall depend on the conditions of other functions, such as interlocking,
synchro check, etc. (see description in ”Bay level control functions”). The operation
shall depend on the conditions of other functions, such as interlocking, synchro check,
etc. (see description in ”Bay level control functions”).

The operation shall depend on the conditions of other functions, such as

interlocking, synchro check, etc. (see description in ”Bay level control functions”).

3.1 Select-before-execute
For security reasons the command is always to be given in two stages: selection of the
object and command for operation under all mode of operation except emergency
operation. Final execution shall take place only when selection and command are
actuated.

3.2 Command supervision Bay/station

interlocking and blocking

Software Interlocking is to be provided to ensure that inadvertent incorrect operation of
switchgear causing damage and accidents in case of false operation does not take place.

In addition to software interlocking hardwired interlocking are to be provided for:

(a) Bus Earth switch Interlocking

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(b) Transfer Bus interlocking (if applicable)

It shall be a simple layout, easy to test and simple to handle when upgrading the station
with future bays. For software interlocking the contractor shall describe the scenario while
an IED of another bay is switched off or fails.

A software interlock override function shall be provided which can be enabled to bypass
the interlocking function.

3.3 Run Time Command cancellation

Command execution timer (configurable) must be available for each control level
connection. If the control action is not completed within a specified time, the command
should get cancelled.

3.4 Self-supervision
Continuous self-supervision function with self-diagnostic feature shall be included.

3.5 User configuration

The monitoring, controlling and configuration of all input and output logical signals and
binary inputs and relay outputs for all built-in functions and signals shall be possible both
locally and remotely. It shall also be possible to interconnect and derive input and output
signals, logic functions, using built-In functions, complex voltage and currents, additional
logics
(AND-gates, OR gates and timers). (Multi-activation of these additional functions should
be possible).

The Functional requirement shall be divided into following levels:

a. Bay Level Functions

b. System Level Functions

3.6 Bay level functions

In a decentralized architecture the functionality shall be as close to the process as

possible. In this respect, the following functions can be allocated at bay level:

➢ Bay control functions including data collection functionality in bay control/

protection unit.

➢ Bay protection functions, separate IEDs shall be provided for bay control function
and bay protection function.

3.7 Bay control functions

3.7.1. Overview
Functions
➢ Control mode selection
➢ Select-before-execute principle
➢ Command supervision:
➢ Interlocking and blocking
➢ Double command
➢ Synchro check, voltage selection
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➢ Run Time Command cancellation

➢ Transformer tap changer control (Raise and Lower of Tap for Power Transformers)
➢ Operation counters for circuit breakers and pumps
➢ Hydraulic pump/ Air compressor runtime supervision
➢ Operating pressure supervision through digital contacts only
➢ Breaker position indication per phase
➢ Alarm annunciation
➢ Measurement display
➢ Local HMI (local guided, emergency mode)
➢ Interface to the station HMI.
➢ Data storage for at least 200 events
➢ Extension possibilities with additional I/O's inside the unit or via fibre
optic communication and process bus

3.7.2. Control mode

selection Bay level
Operation:
As soon as the operator receives the operation access at bay level the operation is
normally performed via bay control IED. During normal devices via the bay control IED.

EMERGENCY Operation
It shall be possible to close or open the selected Circuit Breaker with ON or OFF
push buttons even during the outage of bay IED.

REMOTE mode
Control authority in this mode is given to a higher level (Remote Control Centre) and the
installation can be controlled only remotely. Control operation from lower levels shall
not be possible in this operating mode.

Synchronism and energizing check

The synchronism and energizing check functions shall be bay-oriented and distributed to
the bay control and/or protection devices. These features are: Settable voltage, phase
angle, and frequency difference.

Energizing for dead line - live bus, live line - dead bus or dead line, dead bus with
no synchro-check function.

Synchronizing between live line and live bus with synchro-check function

Voltage selection
The voltages relevant for the Synchro check functions are dependent on the station
topology, i.e. on the positions of the circuit breakers and/or the isolators. The correct
voltage for synchronizing and energizing is derived from the auxiliary switches of the
circuit breakers, the isolator, and earthing switch and shall be selected automatically by
the bay control IEDs.

3.7.3 Transformer tap changer control

Raise and lower operation of OLTC taps of transformer shall be facilitated through
Bay controller IED.

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3.7.4 Alarm & Control of Nitrogen Injected Fire Fighting System (NIFPS) Monitoring
of all critical Alarms, Nitrogen Gas Pressure and Manual Initiation of Nitrogen
Injection for Transformers & Shunt Reactors from SAS HMI

3.7.5 Auto-Reclosure Function (wherever applicable): Specified under Control & Relay
Panel specifications.

3.7.6 Bay protection functions

3.7.6.1 General
The protection functions are independent of bay control function. The protection shall be
provided by separate protection IEDs (numerical relays) and other protection devices as
per specifications of Relay & Protection. IEDs, shall be connected to the communication
infrastructure for data sharing and meet the real-time communication requirements for
automatic functions. The data presentation and the configuration of the various IEDs shall
be compatible with the overall system communication and data exchange requirements.

3.7.6.2 Event and disturbance recording function

Each IED should contain an event recorder capable of storing at least 200 time-tagged
events. The disturbance recorder function shall be as per detailed in section on Control
& Protection Relay.

3.7.5.3 Bay Monitoring Function:

Analogue inputs for voltage and current measurements shall be connected directly to the
voltage transformers (VT) and the current transformers (CT) without intermediate
transducers. The values of active power (W), reactive power (VAR), frequency (Hz), and
rms values for voltage (U) and current (I) shall be calculated in the Bay control/protection
unit.

3.8 System level functions

3.8.1. Status supervision
The position of each switchgear component, viz. circuit breaker, isolator, earthing switch,
transformer tap changer etc., shall be supervised continuously. Every detected change of
position shall be immediately displayed in the Single-Line/3-Line diagram (as applicable)
on the station HMI screen, recorded in the event list, and a hard copy printout shall be
produced. Alarms shall be initiated in the case of spontaneous position changes. The
switchgear positions shall be indicated by two auxiliary switches, normally closed (NC)
and normally open (NO), which shall give ambivalent signals. An alarm shall be initiated if
these position indications are inconsistent or if the time required for operating
mechanism to change position exceeds a predefined limit.

The SAS shall also monitor the status of sub-station auxiliaries. The status and control
of auxiliaries shall be done through separate one or more IED and all alarm and
analogue values shall be monitored and recoded through this IED.

3.8.2. Measurements
The analogue values acquired/calculated in bay control/protection unit shall be displayed
locally on the station HMI and in the control centre. The abnormal values must be
discarded. The analogue values shall be updated every 2 seconds. Threshold limit values

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shall be selectable for alarm indications.

3.8.3. Event and alarm handling

Events and alarms are generated either by the switchgear, by the control IEDs, or by the
station level unit. They shall be recorded in an event list in the station HMI. Alarms shall
be recorded in a separate alarm list and appear on the screen. All, or a freely selectable
group of events and alarms shall also be printed out on an event printer. The alarms and
events shall be time-tagged with a time resolution of 1ms.

3.9 Station HMI

3.9.1 Substation HMI Operation:

On the HMI the object to be controlled has to be first selected. In case of a blocking or
interlocking condition are not met, the selection shall not be possible and an appropriate
alarm message shall be displayed. If a selection is valid the position indication will show
the possible direction, and the appropriate control execution button shall be pressed in
order to close or open the corresponding object. Control operation from other places (e.g.
REMOTE) shall not be possible in this operating mode.

3.9.2. Presentation and dialogues

General
The operator station HMI shall be redundant with hot standby and shall provide basic
functions for supervision and control of the substation. The operator shall give commands
to the switchgear on the screen via mouse clicks. The HMI shall give the operator access
to alarms and events displayed on the screen. Aside from these lists on the screen, there
shall be a printout of alarms or events in an event log. An acoustic alarm shall indicate
abnormalities, and all unacknowledged alarms shall be accessible from any screen
selected by the operator.

The following standard pictures shall be available from the HMI:

➢ Single-line diagram showing the switchgear status,

➢ Measured values
➢ Control dialogues with interlocking or blocking information details.

This control dialogue shall tell the operator whether the device operation is
permitted or blocked.

➢ Measurement dialogues
➢ Alarm list, station / bay-oriented
➢ Event list, station / bay-oriented System status

3.9.2. HMI design principles

Consistent design principles shall be adopted with the HMI concerning labels, colors,
dialogues and fonts. Non-valid selections shall be dimmed out.
➢ The object status shall be indicated using different status colours for:
➢ Selected object under command
➢ Selected on the screen
➢ Not updated, obsolete values, not in use or not sampled

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➢ Alarm or faulty state

➢ Warning or blocked
➢ Update blocked or manually updated
➢ Control blocked
➢ Normal state

3.9.3 Real Time Parameter, Switchgear Status displays

HMI shall display on Single Line Diagrams of each System/ Subsystem
➢ Real time values of currents, voltages, frequency, active and reactive powers,
➢ The positions of Circuit Breakers, Isolators
➢ Transformer Tap Positions

3.9.4 Switchgear/ Equipment Control Procedures

"Select-before-execute" command procedure shall be provided. After the "selection" of a
switchgear element, the operator shall be able to recognize the selected device on the
screen, and all other switchgear shall be blocked. As communication between control
centre and device to be controlled is established, the operator shall be prompted to
confirm the control action and only then final execute command shall be accepted. After
the “execution” of the command the operated switching symbol shall flash until the
switch has reached its new position. The operator shall be in a position to execute a
command only if the switch is not blocked and if no interlocking condition is going to be
violated. The interlocking statements shall be checked by the interlocking scheme
implemented at bay and station level. After command execution the operator shall receive
a confirmation that the new switching position has been reached or an indication that the
switching procedure was unsuccessful with the indication of the reason for non-
functioning.

3.9.5 System supervision & display

The SAS system shall be comprehensively self-monitored such that faults are
immediately indicated to the operator, possibly before they develop into serious
situations. Such faults are recorded as a faulty status in a system supervision display. This
display shall cover the status of the entire substation including all switchgear, IEDs,
communication infrastructure and remote communication links, and printers at the
station level, etc.

3.9.6 Event list

The event list shall contain events that are important for the control and monitoring of the
substation. The event and associated time (with 1ms resolution) of its occurrence has to
be displayed for each event. The operator shall be able to call up the chronological event
list on the monitor at any time for the whole substation or sections of it. A printout of
each display shall be possible on the hard copy printer. The events shall be registered in a
chronological event list in which the type of event and its time of occurrence are specified.
It shall be possible to store all events in the computer for at least one month. The
information shall be obtainable also from a printed event log.
The chronological event list shall contain:

➢ Position changes of circuit breakers, isolators and earthing devices Indication

of protective relay operations
➢ Fault signals from the switchgear

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➢ Indication when analogue measured values exceed upper and lower limits.
Suitable provision shall be made in the system to define two level of alarm on
either side of the value or which shall be user defined for each measurands.
➢ Loss of communication.
Filters for selection of a certain type or group of events shall be available. The filters shall
be designed to enable viewing of events grouped per:
➢ Date and time
➢ Bay
➢ Device
➢ Function e.g. trips, protection operations etc.
➢ Alarm class

3.9.7 Alarm list

Faults and errors occurring in the substation shall be listed in an alarm list and shall be
immediately transmitted to the control centre. The alarm list shall substitute a
conventional alarm tableau and shall constitute an evaluation of all station alarms. It
shall contain unacknowledged alarms and persisting faults. The date and time of
occurrence shall be indicated. The alarm list shall consist of a summary display of the
present alarm
situation. Each alarm shall be reported on one line that contains:
➢ The date and time of the alarm
➢ The name of the alarming object
➢ A descriptive text
➢ The acknowledgement state.
Whenever an alarm condition occurs, the alarm condition must be shown on the alarm
list and must be displayed in a flashing along with an audible alarm. After
acknowledgement of the alarm, it should appear in a steady (no-flashing) state and the
audible alarm shall stop. The alarm should disappear only if the alarm condition has
physically cleared and the operator has reset the alarm with a reset command. The state
of the alarms shall be shown in the alarm list (Unacknowledged and persistent,
Unacknowledged and cleared, acknowledged and persistent).

Filters for selection of a certain type or group of alarms shall be available as for events.

3.9.8 Object picture

When selecting an object such as a circuit breaker or isolator in the single-line diagram,
the associated bay shall be presented first. In the selected object picture, all attributes
like
➢ Type of blocking
➢ Authority
➢ Local / remote control
➢ RSCC / SAS control
➢ Errors shall be displayed.

3.9.9 Control dialogues

The operator shall give commands to the system by means of mouse
click located on the single-line diagram. Data entry is performed with
the keyboard. Dedicated control dialogues for controlling at least the
following devices shall be available:

➢ Breaker and disconnector

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➢ Transformer tap-changer

3.9.10 User-authority levels

It shall be possible to restrict activation of the process pictures of each object (bays,
apparatus...) within a certain user authorization group. Each user shall then be given
access rights to each group of objects, e.g.:
➢ Display only
➢ Normal operation (e.g. open/close of switchgear)
➢ Restricted operation (e.g. by-passed interlocking)
➢ System administrator
For maintenance and engineering purposes of the station HMI, the following
authorization levels shall be available:
➢ No engineering allowed
➢ Engineering/configuration allowed
➢ Entire system management allowed
The access rights shall be defined by passwords assigned during the log-in procedure. Only
the system administrator shall be able to add/remove users and change access rights.

3.9.11 Reports

The reports shall provide time-related follow-ups of measured and calculated values.
The data displayed shall comprise:

➢ Trend reports: Day (mean, peak), Month (mean, peak), Semi-annual (mean,
peak), Year (mean, peak)
➢ Historical reports of selected analogue Values: Day (at 15 minutes interval),
Week, Month and Year

It shall be possible to select displayed values from the database in the process display on
line. Scrolling between e.g. days shall be possible. Unsure values shall be indicated. It shall
be possible to select the time period for which the specific data are kept in the memory.
Following printouts shall be available from the printer and shall
be printed on demand:
i. Daily voltage and frequency curves depicting time on X-axis and the appropriate
parameters on the Y-axis. The time duration of the curve is 24 hours.
ii. Weekly trend curves for real and derived analogue values.
iii. Printouts of the maximum and minimum values and frequency of occurrence and
duration of maximum and minimum values for each analogue parameter for each circuit in
24 hr period.
iv. Provision shall be made for logging information about breaker status like number
of operation with date and time indications along with the current vale it interrupts
(in both condition i.e. manual opening and fault tripping)
v. Equipment operation details shift wise and during 24 hours.
vi. Printout on adjustable time period as well as on demand for MW, MVAR, Current,
Voltage on each feeder and transformer as well as Tap Positions, temperature and status
of pumps and fans for transformers.
vii. Printout on adjustable time period as well as on demand system frequency and
average frequency.
Reports in specified formats which shall be handed over to the contractor. The
contractor has to develop these reports. The reports are limited to the formats for which
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data is available in the SAS database.

3.9.12 Trend display (historical data)

It shall be possible to illustrate all types of process data as trends – input and output
data, binary and analogue data. The trends shall be displayed in graphical form as
column or curve diagrams with a maximum of 10 trends per screen. Adjustable time
span and scaling ranges must be provided. It shall be possible to change the type of
value logging (direct, mean, sum, or difference) on-line in the window. It shall also be
possible to change the update intervals on-line in the picture as well as the selection
of threshold values for alarming purposes.

3.9.13 Automatic disturbance file transfer

All recorded data from the IEDs with integrated disturbance recorder as well as dedicated
disturbance recording systems shall be automatically uploaded (event triggered or once
per day) to a dedicated computer and be stored on the hard disc.

3.9.14 Disturbance analysis

The PC-based work station shall have necessary software to evaluate all the
required information for proper fault analysis.

3.9.15 IED parameter setting

It shall be possible to access all protection and control IEDs for reading the
parameters (settings) from the station HMI or from a dedicated monitoring
computer. The setting of parameters or the activation of parameter sets shall only be
allowed after entering a password.

3.9.11. Automatic sequences

The available automatic sequences in the system should be listed and described, (e.g.
sequences related to the bus transfer). It must be possible to initiate pre-defined
automatic sequences by the operator and also define new automatic sequences.

3.10 Gateway

3.10.1 Communication Interface

The Substation Automation System shall have the capability to support
simultaneous communications with multiple independent remote master stations;
The Substation Automation System shall have communication ports as follows:
(a) Two ports for Remote Control Centre
(b) Two ports for Regional Load Dispatch Centre (RLDC)

The communication interface to the SAS shall allow scanning and control of defined points
within the substation automation system independently for each control centre. The
substation automation system shall simultaneously respond to independent scans and
commands from employer's control centres (RCC & RLDC). The substation automation
system shall support the use of a different communication data exchange rate (bits per
second), scanning cycle, and/or communication protocol to each remote control centre.
Also, each control centre’s data scan and control commands may be different for different
data points within the substation automation system's database.

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Remote Control Centre Communication Interface

Employer will supply communication channels between the Substation Automation
System and the remote control centre. The communication channels provided by
Employer will consist either of power line carrier, microwave, optical fibre, VSAT or leased
line , the details of which shall be provided during detailed Engineering .

Interface equipment:
The Contractor shall provide 2nos 100% redundant Gateway Computers for
communicating between Substation Automation system and Remote control centre and
between Substation Automation system and Regional Load Dispatch Centre (RLDC). The
Communication Medium shall generally be PLCC and/ or FOTE included in scope of this
project up to the
point defined elesewhere. Any other communication medium not specified shall be
deemed to be out of Contractor’s scope.

3.3.4 Communication Protocol

The communication protocol for each gateway computer to remote control centre &
RLDC must be open protocol and shall support IEC 60870-5-101 as well as IEC 60870-5-
104 and IEC 61850 for all levels of communication for sub-station automation such as Bay
to station HMI, gateway to remote station etc.

4.0 System hardware:

4.1 Redundant Station HMI, Remote HMI and Disturbance Recorder Work station: The
contractor shall provide redundant station HMI in hot standby mode. The servers used in
these work stations shall be completely built out of industrial grade components.
Processor and RAM shall be selected in such a manner that during normal operation not
more than 30% capacity of processing and memory are used. The capacity of hard disk
shall be selected such that the following requirement should occupy less than 50% of disk
space:
1. Storage of all analogue data (at 15 Minutes interval) and digital data including
alarm, event and trend data for thirty(30) days,
2. Storage of all necessary software,
3. 20GB space for Owner’s use.
Supplier shall demonstrate that the capacity of hard disk is sufficient
to meet the above requirement.

4.1.1 HMI (Human Machine Interface)

The VDU shall show overview diagrams (Single Line Diagrams) and complete details of the
switchgear with a colour display. All event and alarm annunciation shall be selectable in
the form of lists. Operation shall be by a user-friendly function keyboard and a cursor
positioning device. The user interface shall be based on WINDOWS concepts with graphics
& facility for panning, scrolling, zooming, decluttering etc

4.1.2 Printer
It shall be robust & suitable for operation with a minimum of 132 characters per line. The
printing operation shall be quiet with a noise level of less than 45 dB suitable for location
in the control room. Printer shall accept and print all ASCII characters via master control
computer unit interface. The printer shall have in built testing facility. The printer shall
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have an off line mode selector switch to enable safe maintenance. The maintenance
should be simple with provisions for ease of change of print head, ribbon changing, paper
insertion etc. All reports and graphics prints shall be printed on laser printer. One dot
matrix printer shall be exclusively used for hourly log printing. All printers shall be
continuously online.

4.1.3 Mass Storage Unit

The mass storage unit shall be built-in to the Station HMI. All operational measured
values, and indications shall be stored in a mass-storage unit in form of DVD RW The unit
should support at least Read (48X), Write (24X), and Re-Write (10X) operations, with
Multi-Session capability. It should support ISO9660, Rockridge and Joliet File systems. It
should support formatting and use under the operating system provided for Station HMI.
The monthly back up of data shall be taken on disc. The facility of back up of data shall be
inherent in the software.

4.1.4 Switched Ethernet Communication Infrastructure:

The contractor shall provide the redundant switched optical Ethernet communication
infrastructure for SAS. Generally Two Ethernet switches shall be provided to connect all
IEDs in one diameter of each 765 and 400kV yard to communication infrastructure. Each
switch shall have at least two spare ports for connecting bay level IEDs and one spare
port for connecting station bus. All Main-1/ Main Protection IEDs in a Diameter shall be
connected to one Ethernet Switch and Main-2/ Backup Protection IEDs shall be
connected to the Other/ Another Ethernet switch. All Ethernet Switches shall be
provided with Dual Redundant Power Supply modules.

4.2 Bay level unit

The bay unit shall use industrial grade components. The bay level unit, based on
microprocessor technology, shall use numerical techniques for calculation and evaluation
of externally input analogue signals. They shall incorporate select-before-operate control
principles as safety measures for operation via the HMI. They shall perform all bay related
functions, such as control commands, bay interlocking, data acquisition, data storage,
event recording and shall provide inputs for status indication and outputs for commands.
They shall be directly connected to the switchgear. The bay unit shall acquire and process
all data for the bay (Equipment status, fault indications, measured values, alarms etc.) and
transmit these to the other devices in sub-station automation system. In addition, this
shall receive the operation commands from station HMI and control centre. The bay unit
shall have the capability to store all the data for at least 24 hours. One no. Bay level unit
shall be provided for supervision and control of each 765kV, 400kV, 220kV & 132kV bay.
The Bay level unit shall be equipped with analogue and binary inputs/outputs for handling
the control, status monitoring and analogue measurement functions. All bay level
interlocks are to be incorporated in the Bay level unit so as to permit control from the Bay
level unit/ local bay mimic panel, with all bay interlocks in place, during maintenance and
commissioning or in case of contingencies when the Station HMI is out of service.

The bay control unit to be provided for the bays shall be preferably installed in the bay
Control & Relay panel/feeder protection panel for respective bay. Further in case of one
and half breaker schemes, the BCU for Tie CB shall be provided in Tie Control & Relay
panel.
The tie CB relay panel shall also house the Ethernet switch(es) to be provided for the
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diameter. The bay control unit for future bay (if required for the project) shall be installed
in a separate panel.

The Bay level unit shall meet the requirements for withstanding electromagnetic
interference according to relevant parts of IEC61850. Failure of any single component
within the equipment shall neither cause unwanted operation nor lead to a complete
system shutdown.

4.2.1 Input/ Output (I/O) modules

The I/O modules shall form a part of the bay level unit and shall provide coupling to the
substation equipment. The I/O modules shall acquire all switchgear information (i.e. data
coming directly from the switchgear or from switchgear interlocking devices) and transmit
commands for operation of the switchgear. The measured values of voltage and current
shall be from the secondaries of instrument transformers. The digital inputs shall be
acquired by exception with 1ms resolution. Contact bouncing in digital inputs shall not be
assumed as change of state.

4.3 Extendibility for future

Offered substation automation system shall be suitable to extend for the number of future
bays specified in SLD for the project. All drawings, designs and common equipment
capacity shall be suitable to cater to future requirement. During execution of future
expansion, normal operation of the existing substation shall be unaffected and system
shall not require a shutdown. The contractor shall provide all necessary software tools
along with source codes to perform addition of bays in future and complete integration
with SAS by the user.
These software tools shall be able to configure IED, add additional analogue variable,
alarm list, event list, modify interlocking logics etc. for additional bays/equipment which
shall be added in future.

5.0 Software structure

The software package shall be structured according to the SAS architecture and strictly
divided in various levels. Necessary firewall shall be provided at suitable points in software
to protect the system. Maintenance, modification or an extension of components of any
feeder should not force a shut-down of the parts of the system which are not affected by
the system adaptation.

5.1.1 Station level software

5.1.1.1 Human-machine interface (HMI)
The HMI software package for the operator station shall include the main SAS functions
and it shall be independent of project specific hardware version and operating system. It
shall further include tools for picture editing, engineering and system configuration. The
system shall be easy to use, to maintain, and to adapt according to specific user
requirements.
Systems shall contain a library with standard functions and applications.

5.1.2 Bay level software

5.1.2.1 System software
The system software shall be structured in various levels. This software shall be placed in
a non-volatile memory. The lowest level shall assure system performance and contain
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basic functions, which shall not be accessible by the application and maintenance
engineer for modifications. The system shall support the generation of typical control
macros and a process database for user specific data storage. In case of restoration of
links after failure, the software along with hardware shall be capable of automatically
synchronizing with the remaining system without any manual interface. This shall be
demonstrated by contractor during integrated system test.

5.1.3 Application software

In order to ensure robust quality and reliable software functions, the main part of the
application software shall consist of standard software modules built as functional block
elements. The functional blocks shall be documented and thoroughly tested. They form
part of a library. The application software within the control/protection devices shall be
programmed in a functional block language. The contractor shall provide each software in
two copies in CD to load into the system in case of any problem related with Hardware/
Communication etc.

5.1.4 SAS Network Management System:

The contractor shall provide a network management system software for following
functions:
a. Configuration Management
b. Fault Management
c. Performance Monitoring
This system shall be used for management of communication devices and other IEDs in the
system. This NMS can be loaded in DR workstation and shall be easy to use, user friendly
and menu based. The NMS shall monitor all the devices in the SAS and report if there is
any fault in the monitored devices. The NMS shall (a) Maintain performance, resource
usage, and error statistics for all managed links and devices and present this information
via displays, periodic reports and on demand reports. (b) Maintain graphical display of
connectivity status of all IEDs in the system.
(c) Issue alarms when error conditions occur
(d) Provide facility to add and delete addresses and links

5.1.5 Power Supply

All IEDs, Ethernet Switches shall be fed directly from 220Vdc system. However,
power supply to all Work stations shall be fed through 2nos x Invertor at 230Vac 1-
phase.
Contractor shall size Invertors suitably

NOTE-Total 3 numbers gate way to be provided by the supplier to accommodate Local

area network connection, communication to respective RLDC and Purchaser’s remote
control centre. Each gateway must have two ports suitable for 101/104 protocol as
applicable to respective project, however suitable hardware configuration to be made
available for interchangeability of communication protocol at project execution stage.

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