We Lost Evangelism

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We’ve Lost the Soul of Evangelicalism

Scot McKnight

Not long ago I posted on the loss of the evangelical soul, a post in part
stimulated by the tone of conversations I am witnessing on FB. Everybody’s
a prophet these days and thinks so because, so they think, they are speaking
truth to power. They’re not. They’re yelling in a barrel full of self-appointed
prophets.

Today’s post moves into signs of evangelicalism’s demise. Let’s get the
standard definition of evangelicalism on the table first: An evangelical is
committed to these four elements: the Bible, the cross as the place of
atonement, the necessity of personal conversion, and an active Christian life
both in missions/evangelism as well as justice, peace and reconciliation. On
top of this, evangelicalism is non-denominational and cross-denominational.
For one very good sketch of evangelicalism, I recommend David
Bebbington, The Dominance of Evangelicalism. For a more intra-mural
debate, Four Views on the Spectrum of Evangelicalism.

Those four elements are crumbling, folks, they are crumbling. It’s not that
evangelicalism has been yet again swamped by politics and lost its way.
Rather, it is swamped by politics because those four elements are crumbling.
Bible and theology are of little interest other than an odd Bible citation to
prop up a claim. Small groups read books by well-known authors, rarely are
they studies on a single book of the Bible (publishers aren’t selling these as
well today), far too many of its most prominent theologians write books
unanchored in Scripture and they do not begin with sketches of the Bible.

The Bible Diminished

The most prominent example of this diminishment of Bible is the routine


shrug of the shoulders with respect to creeds, confessions and theological
claims. It may be the 500th anniversary of the Reformation but what
was most central about the Reformation was not Luther, Calvin and Erasmus,
but Bible, Bible, Bible. I read Bruce Gordon’s CT essay on books about the
Reformation, and not a one was about the importance of the Bible in the
Reformation. Revealing. Seemingly, to embrace the Reformation is to
embrace the theology of either Luther or Calvin, not embrace what they
embraced: the Bible as the living Word of God. The most important act of a
Reformationist is to open the Bible and read it.

Mission Work Has Become Social Work

Missions, international missions and foreign missions are now engulfed in


NGOs and global justice and water and infrastructure. Evangelicalism was
built on evangelistic church-planting pioneers. Always, or at least nearly
always, such missionaries were fully engaged in church-planting as well as
compassion and provisions so far as they were able. But they were there to
preach and teach the gospel and win people for Christ. That’s evangelicalism.
A friend of mine, a missionary, told me that the last 15 years in his corner of
the missionary world has seen not one new missionary concerned with
church planting and evangelism; they are all NGO types. Giving to NGOs is
on the rise; giving to church-planting on the decline. Organize a day for
evangelism training and you will be alone or close to it; organize a day for
some kind of social action and you may see more than Sunday morning
service.

Where Are the Pastors?

Speaking of which, vocations for becoming a pastor are diminishing as well.


Somewhere at the core of American evangelicalism is an energy that is
shaping future leaders into NGOs and social services and away from
seminaries, missions training and the calling to local church pastoring. Daily
as I scanned my DMin cohort as we toured Israel, I saw a gathering of
faithful, hard-working, local church pastors who know the calling is hard and
rewarding. I’m proud of their commitment to the Bible. They wanted a DMin
but they wanted Bible, Bible in context, but Bible above all.

Atonement Confusion
Atonement theology has fallen on hard times. It has become politicized into
penal substitution, which for some means propitiation, vs. some other center
of gravity—and more and more it has moved toward Girardian scapegoat
theory, exemplary theology or a very soft Christus victor. Hard-headed
conservatives are protecting propitiation at all costs and neglecting kingdom
themes in the process and so distort atonement, while committed
progressivists are determined to prevent the wrath of God against sin and
sinners (mentioning Jonathan Edwards does the trick) so they can find some
“theory” of atonement that turns the Holy Week into justice and more
justice. Evangelicalism from beginning to end is a cross-shaped atonement-
based gospel and there is little appeal for a new book like John R.W.
Stott’s The Cross of Christ except with the propitiation crowd, who are in
an echo chamber of Stott. I have attempted to sketch a comprehensive
theory of atonement in A Community Called Atonement.

Embracing Our Flaws

A way to slurring someone is to say they are part of the megachurch


movement or the church growth movement or who want to talk about how
their church has grown by way of evangelism or baptisms. Conversion’s
favorite emphasis is life-long conversion but not first-time declarations of
allegiance to Christ. Criticism of the “Four Spiritual Laws” or the “Bridge
Illustration” is not replaced with something better but is replaced with
exactly nothing.

The pietist basis of Christian activism in evangelicalism, an activism that was


first of all evangelistic, missionary-shaped and church-planting oriented, has
been swallowed up by social justice activism. Evangelicalism of the 19th
century was clearly socially engaged, but it was socially engaged as a piety-
based and evangelism-based movement. The skinny jeans crowd today
seems more often than not allergic to piety-based, evangelism-based
activism. I’ve been told again and again that its form of “evangelism” is
deed-based not word-based. That is a failure of nerve and it is failure to be
evangelical.
Along this line, words like sanctification—growth in holiness—and holiness
itself are heard only in a small circle of the Neo-Reformed and pervade
organizations like The Gospel Coalition. In this they are entirely consistent
with the core of what “activism” means in evangelicalism. But outside those
circles, who’s writing or preaching or speaking about holiness? Not many.
Sanctification among such crowds smacks of Puritanism and we’re back to
Jonathan Edwards, and that’s a big No-No. But evangelicalism always had its
Wesleyan and holiness and sanctification dimension.

Pride in Politics Rather Than Piety

Leaders want a place in the circles around the White House, and when given
one it’s a source of pride. Pride is no longer accorded those who faithfully
read and teach the Bible, who glory in the cross of Christ, who preach
conversions and transformations, and who are engaged in a piety- and
evangelism-based activism that encompasses the whole person.

The center of gravity of too much of evangelicalism has shifted away from
these crumbling core themes to something else, but in the process
evangelicalism has lost its soul.

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